ФИНАНСОВАЯ КУЛЬТУРА КАК ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ ФЕНОМЕН

Abstract

article considers the psychological and pedagogical nature of the concept ‘financial culture’. The phenomenon of financial culture has a complex interdisciplinary character. On the eve of the adoption of the Strategy for Improving Financial Literacy and the formation of financial culture until 2030, it seems relevant to study and clarify the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the system for the formation and development of financial culture of the population. In the Russian scientific literature, the category of financial culture is most thoroughly studied in sociology and economics. The need to study this concept in educational science and practice is associated with changes in federal state educational standards at all levels of education. As the review of foreign and domestic scientific literature has shown, the concept of financial culture is interpreted by the authors quite broadly and includes a set of traditions, norms, ideas, values reflecting the level of financial literacy; knowledge and understanding of financial principles necessary for making financial decisions; the ability to make effective financial decisions; skills and behavior of people in the field of financial relationships and products that affect financial well-being. A comparative analysis of the content of the concept of financial culture as a psychological and pedagogical phenomenon allowed us to identify cognitive (knowledge), empirical (behavior, personal experience of making financial decisions) and axiological (values, attitudes) elements in its composition. The author concludes that the formation of financial culture is carried out in the process of socialization of the individual and can be both spontaneously and specially organized. The national education system is designed to develop and, if necessary, adjust the process of forming elements of the financial culture of the individual in accordance with the priority objectives of the strategic development of the state and society, while it is necessary to take into account social, cultural factors, as well as individual psychological characteristics of various categories of the population.