Barley Cultivation Research Articles

Evaluation of the Efficacy of the Use of Humic Fertilizers in the Cultivation of Spring Barley in the Soil and Climatic Conditions of the Central Chernozem Region

Evaluation of the Efficacy of the Use of Humic Fertilizers in the Cultivation of Spring Barley in the Soil and Climatic Conditions of the Central Chernozem Region

Integrative transcript to proteome analysis of barley during Ramularia collo-cygni leaf spot development identified several proteins that are related to fungal recognition and infection responses.

Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) disease is a growing threat to barley cultivation, but with no substantial resistance identified to date. Similarly, the understanding of the lifestyle of Ramularia collo-cygni (Rcc) and the prediction of RLS outbreak severity remain challenging, with Rcc displaying a rather untypical long endophytic phase and a sudden change to a necrotrophic lifestyle. The aim of this study was to provide further insights into the defense dynamics during the different stages of colonization and infection in barley in order to identify potential targets for resistance breeding. Utilizing the strength of proteomics in understanding plant-pathogen interactions, we performed an integrative analysis of a published transcriptome dataset with a parallel generated proteome dataset. Therefore, we included two spring barley cultivars with contrasting susceptibilities to Rcc and two fungal isolates causing different levels of RLS symptoms. Interestingly, early responses in the pathogen recognition phase of the host were driven by strong responses differing between isolates. An important enzyme in this process is a xylanase inhibitor, which protected the plant from cell wall degradation by the fungal xylanase. At later time points, the differences were driven by cultivar-specific responses, affecting mostly features contributing to the pathogenesis- and senescence-related pathways or photosynthesis. This supports the hypothesis of a hemibiotrophic lifestyle of Rcc, with slight differences in trophism of the two analyzed isolates. The integration of these data modalities highlights a strength of protein-level analysis in understanding plant-pathogen interactions and reveals new features involved in fungal recognition and susceptibility in barley cultivars.

Transcriptome analysis of Bipolaris sorokiniana - Hordeum vulgare provides insights into mechanisms of host-pathogen interaction.

Spot blotch disease incited by Bipolaris sorokiniana severely affects the cultivation of barley. The resistance to B. sorokiniana is quantitative in nature and its interaction with the host is highly complex which necessitates in-depth molecular analysis. Thus, the study aimed to conduct the transcriptome analysis to decipher the mechanisms and pathways involved in interactions between barley and B. sorokiniana in both the resistant (EC0328964) and susceptible (EC0578292) genotypes using the RNA Seq approach. In the resistant genotype, 6,283 genes of Hordeum vulgare were differentially expressed out of which 5,567 genes were upregulated and 716 genes were downregulated. 1,158 genes of Hordeum vulgare were differentially expressed in the susceptible genotype, out of which 654 genes were upregulated and 504 genes were downregulated. Several defense-related genes like resistant gene analogs (RGAs), disease resistance protein RPM1, pathogenesis-related protein PRB1-2-like, pathogenesis-related protein 1, thaumatin-like protein PWIR2 and defensin Tm-AMP-D1.2 were highly expressed exclusively in resistant genotype only. The pathways involved in the metabolism and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites were the most prominently represented pathways in both the resistant and susceptible genotypes. However, pathways involved in MAPK signaling, plant-pathogen interaction, and plant hormone signal transduction were highly enriched in resistant genotype. Further, a higher number of pathogenicity genes of B. sorokiniana was found in response to the susceptible genotype. The pathways encoding for metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, ABC transporters, and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis were highly expressed in susceptible genotype in response to the pathogen. 14 and 11 genes of B. sorokiniana were identified as candidate effectors from susceptible and resistant host backgrounds, respectively. This investigation will offer valuable insights in unraveling the complex mechanisms involved in barley- B. sorokiniana interaction.

Understanding the influence of applying plant extracts and microorganism culture filtrates against barley leaf rust disease

Rust fungi are devastating plant pathogens, and several Puccinia species have exerting substantial financial impacts on global barley cultivation. Fungicides are used on a large scale as an effective method for combating phytopathogenic fungi. The negative environmental impacts of fungicides are steadily escalating on a daily basis. Consequently, researchers are currently exploring alternative approaches to mitigate the use of fungicides, such as the utilization of plant extracts. This method has proven effective due to its incorporation of natural antifungal substances. Among the nine natural elicitors that were tested, the application of plant extracts on barley seedlings resulted in an increase in the incubation and latent periods of Puccinia hordei. These periods are integral components of partial and induced resistance, effectively mitigating the incidence of barley leaf rust disease by over 70% on mature plants. Similarly, the biochemical analyses demonstrated a notable augmentation in all the tested treatments’ overall phenolics and oxidative enzyme activities (peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase). Random amplified polymorphic DNA (SCoT) test serves as a viable approach for assessing the impact of plant extracts and microorganisms on barley plants. The results obtained from this study indicate that the detection of DNA polymorphism through SCoT analysis holds a significant potential powerful tool to evaluate genetic changes compared with untreated plants although some of them tested displayed high similarities at the morphological reaction.

Introduction about world agricultural Bank

A type of bank that lends money to farmers for longer periods of time and charges them less interest than other types of banks. In the Paleolithic Levant, 23,000 years ago, cereals cultivation of emmer, barley, and oats has been observed near the sea of Galilee. Rice was domesticated in China between 11,500 and 6,200 BC with the earliest known cultivation from 5,700 BC, followed by mung, soy and azuki beans Agricultural Bank of China, also known as AgBank, is one of the "Big Four" banks in China. It was founded on 10 July 1951, and has its headquarters in Dongcheng District, Beijing. It has branches throughout mainland China, Hong Kong, London, Tokyo, New York, Frankfurt, Sydney, Seoul, and Singapore. This study were examined relationship between BANK CREDITS and investment growth of agricultural in international sector.The results confirm the existence of a long-run relationship between variables in model. In addition, according to the results, bank credit is the most significant variable in explaining the GROWTH INVESTING, so that increases access to it will encourage growth investment of the agricultural sector. The first official agricultural finance institution of Iran was established in 1933.

Sheep manure and sewage sludge boost biofortification of barley and restricts heavy metal accumulation in plant tissues

In recent centuries, micronutrient deficiencies are considered a major challenge for human health. Biofortification of principal crops has been broadly accepted as a sustainable scenario to overcome this limitation. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized factorial design with three replications during the 2007–2008 and 2008–2009 growing seasons. Four fertilizers and two doses of humic acid were used in the experiment. Analysis of variance indicated that humic acid, fertilizer type, and growing season caused statistically significant differences in macro and micronutrient content and heavy metal concentrations of shoot and seed in plants. Results also denoted that organic material amendment improved macro and micronutrient content of barley plants compared with IF in which SS treatment increased Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Ni concentrations in shoot/seed while SM treatment enhanced N, P, and K concentration of plants. Moreover, IF-treated plants increased heavy metal accumulation in shoot and seed tissues whereas organic amendments reduced heavy metal uptake such that the lowest Pb and Cd were determined in SM-treated plants, and the lowest Ni content was measured in W-treated samples. HA application promoted Zn, Mg, and Cu accumulation in plants, however, individual or combined with fertilizers reduced other micro and macronutrient uptake. In conclusion, the amendment of 40 tons ha−1 of sheep manure and sewage sludge is an improving and beneficial practice in barley cultivation for the biofortification of crops. However, HA treatment did not form a meaningful whole in the experiment but promoted Zn, Mg, and Cu concentrations in plant tissues.

Интеллектуальная технология определения оптимального давления воздуха в шинах колёс сельскохозяйственных тракторов

The use of powerful tractors and wide-beam agricultural machinery, which have a strong compaction effect on the soil, is conditioned by the agricultural production profitability. The lack of a holistic systematic approach to reducing the anthropogenic compaction effect of wheel propulsors and working units of modern energy-intensive heavy machinery on the soil of agricultural landscapes requires the improvement of methods for determining the optimal air pressure in the tires of agricultural tractors. For this purpose, the authors developed an intelligent technology for determining the optimum air pressure in the various types of tires used in agricultural tractors. The problem was solved by processing “large” arrays of data on operating machine and tractor units and agrolandscapes in order to increase crop yields. Collection and analysis of primary data required for training the neural network were conducted on the fields of the Republic of Adygea during the cultivation of winter barley and winter wheat with the use of machinery equipped with Michelin AXIOBIB2 low-pressure tires. The Feed forward neural network was applied. Fourteen parameters were used as input factors to the neural network: types of soil, machinery and tires; field coordinates; presence and type of mounted equipment; season; type of tillage; granulometric composition, moisture and soil density; wheel diameters; motion speed of machines; field slope; agricultural background. The task set presumed the yield parameter as the main target function. The neural network pre-trained on a significant amount of input data calculates the optimal air pressure in tires when inputting the necessary data. Based on the designed software, the authors plan to develop a system of automatic adjustment of tire inflation depending on the incoming factors made in the offline and online modes.

Productivity of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with the complex use of biological preparations

The article reflects the results of studies conducted in the period from 2021 to 2023 in the dry steppe zone of the Russian Federation to assess the effectiveness of the integrated use of biological products in the cultivation of spring barley. The effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment of spring barley seeds with a biofungicide followed by foliar treatment during the tillering phase with biological products that suppress the development of phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, stimulate plant growth and development, and also increase plant resistance to adverse environmental factors has been studied. Indicators of the prevalence and degree of development of root rot on spring barley were determined. Data are presented for recording the phytometric indicators of spring barley crops with the integrated use of biological products. Indicators of productivity and grain quality of spring barley were determined using biological products INBIO-FIT, BIOFIT-1.0 M and biofungicide Strekar

Azospirillum brasilense: Inoculation and Nitrogen Management on the Development and Yield of Barley

ABSTRACT The nitrogen (N) requirement for barley cultivation can vary from 90 to 130 kg ha−1 cycle−1, representing 30% of production costs. Furthermore, obtaining mineral N is difficult due to constant conflicts involving producing countries. Excess N will increase the cost of production and contaminate the soil and groundwater, unbalancing the fauna, flora, and microbiology of the environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the management of inoculation and N fertilization with A. brasilense on the development and productivity of barley. Field experiment was carried out for two years. A randomized block design was used in a 5 (Factor A) × 2 (Factor D) factorial arrangement with four replications. In which the “factor A” included five doses of A. brasilense, whereas the “factor D” was evaluated N management (with or without N management). The inoculant used had approximately of 2.0 × 108 viable cells mL−1 (Ab-V5 and Ab-V6 strains). Innoculation was carried out on the seeds 1 hour before sowing, in order to homogenize the inoculant in the seeds, to guarantee homogeneity of the distribution of microorganisms on the seeds. The best dose of A. brasilense was 12.5 mL kg−1 of seed, which provided an increase in plant height, number of ears, mass and grain productivity. The use of A. brasilense showed significant improvements in management with or without the use of mineral N. However, better results are obtained when the association between N management and the use of inoculant is made. Thus, when using up to 22.5 kg of N, the best results were observed.

Cultivation of barley seedlings in a coffee silverskin-enriched soil: effects in plants and in soil

AimsCoffee silverskin (CS) is the most abundant waste from coffee roasting. In this research, the potential of CS as soil fertilizer for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivation was evaluated.MethodsBarley plants were grown, for 10 days from the start of germination, in soils mixed with different CS percentages (0, 2, 6 or 10%). The effects of CS addition on soil capacity to retain water and on the mold/yeast community were evaluated. Physio-morphological and biochemical responses of leaves and roots of barley plants growing in CS-enriched soil were evaluated.ResultsRoot and shoot length decreased in plants grown with CS, but biomass was less affected and even increased at 2% CS. Photosynthesis was higher in barley seedlings grown on CS-enriched soil than in control plants. However, Chl b was reduced in leaves of plants grown with CS. The total leaf protein content did not change with moderate CS additions in soil. However, when grown in soil with 10% CS, a significant reduction of total protein and Rubisco was observed. Extracts of barley shoots from plants grown in soil with 10% CS showed a greater antioxidant capacity with respect to all other experimental conditions.ConclusionsWe conclude that CS addition to soil may improve soil property to retain water and, at low concentrations (2% w/w) positively affects barley physiology and growth.

Zoning Suitable Land for the Cultivation of Rice, Wheat, and Barley by Integration of Artificial Intelligent Methods and Spatial Data

Zoning Suitable Land for the Cultivation of Rice, Wheat, and Barley by Integration of Artificial Intelligent Methods and Spatial Data

Effectiveness of new agromeliorations under barley cultivation in radionuclide soil contamination

Based on the results of three-year production tests, the effectiveness of new agromeliorants (PhosAgro NPK complex fertilizer and Gumiton organo-mineral complex) was evaluated when growing barley on radioactively contaminated sandy loam soddy-podzolic soils of Novozybkovsky district of Bryansk region. It is shown that non-root treatment of barley crops in the earing phase with Gumiton (1 l/ha) without the use of fertilizer contributed to an increase in grain yield by 17-29% relative to the control, depending on the year. The introduction of PhosAgro NPK fertilizer (0.3 t/ha) gave an increase in yield of 22-39%. The combined use of fertilizer and the drug increased the yield by 18-72%. The multiplicity of the decrease in the intake of 137Cs in grain during the treatment of crops with Gumiton was up to 2.3 times, with the combined use of the drug and fertilizer - up to 4.7 times compared with the control. The use of Gumiton and PhosAgro NPK guaranteed the production of grain with a content of 137Cs corresponding to the standards of Sanitary Rules and Regulations 2.3.2. 2650-10. The conditional net income per 1 ruble of costs for processing barley crops with Gumiton amounted to 3.75-17.6 rubles, depending on the year. Both the introduction of PhosAgro NPK and the treatment of barley crops with Gumiton did not significantly affect the grain quality indicators: the content of protein, ash, fat, fiber. Thus, it is shown that the organo-mineral complex Gumiton and complex fertilizer PhosAgro NPK are effective agromeliorants in barley cultivation technologies in conditions of radioactive contamination of soils.

Influence of mineral fertilizers after-effect when cultivating barley after sunflower

The results of research for 2021, 2022 on the impact of the after-effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers applied to sunflower on productivity and quality of spring barley of the Kamashevsky variety are presented. Field experiments were laid in the conditions of the Ulyanovsk region on chernozem leached heavy loamy soil. Four backgrounds of mineral fertilizers were studied: N0, N30, N30P30K30, N60P30K30 kg a.i./ha Meteorological conditions were contrasting in the years of research, which allowed a more complete assessment of the effectiveness of fertilizer after-effect. Barley cultivation technology included spring cutting of sunflower crop residues with a discator and a modular harrow, sowing with a grain drill and rolling. Barley showed the greatest responsiveness to the after-effect of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P30K30 kg a.i./ha. Grain yield in this variant was 2.11 t/ha, which is 1.05 t/ha higher compared to the unfertilized variant. On this agricultural background, a larger grain was obtained (the weight of 100 grains was 48.4 g, on the control - 44.4 g) with a high protein content of 12.7% (on the control – 11.5%). Correlation and regression analysis revealed a direct positive relationship between dry matter accumulation and barley productivity (R2 = 0,96). It was found that with an increase in the dose of nitrogen fertilizers for every 10 kg a.i./ha, an increase in the crude protein content of grain by 0.2% was observed. Protein content in grain depended on the moisture conditions of the year. Cultivation of barley after sunflower is agronomically expedient on the background of mineral fertilizers aftereffect. In the absence of fertilizers, the productivity of barley after sunflower sharply decreases. In addition, it is necessary to carefully control the weediness of barley crops (including the emergence of large amounts of sunflower fallen seed) and timely chemical weeding.

Optimization of spring barley seeding rates in the Volga region

Studies on ordinary chernozem to identify the optimal seeding rate for modern technologies of spring barley cultivation in the conditions of increasing processes of aridization of the Volga climate are presented. In different weather conditions in the years (2019-2021), when testing 3 seeding rates without seed dressing (1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 million/ha) and 5 with the use of the Scenic Combi protectant (from 1.0 to 5.0 million/ha), the highest grain yield was established at seeding rates of 3.0-5.0 million/ha (Scenic Combi) – 2.66-2.73 t/ha, which is 0.24-0.87 t/ha more options with norms of 1.0 and 2.0 million/ha (Scenic Combi) and 0.28-1.12 t/ha options with norms of 1.0-5.0 million/ha (without seed dressing). The largest conditional net income of all the studied options was established when using the Scenic Combi protectant at the rates of 2.0-4.0 million/ha – 15079.5-16280.0 rubles/ha, which is 468.3-1669.2 rubles/ha (3.2-11.4 %) more than the best option without seed etching. The maximum level of profitability was obtained at seeding rates of 2.0 and 3.0 million/ha (Scenic Combo) 150.4-156.7 %, which is 17.8-51.3% more than the other studied options. Based on the data obtained during the cultivation of spring barley with the use of the drug Scenic Combi, after winter wheat, a seeding rate of 2.0-3.0 million / ha of germinating seeds is proposed.

STRUCTURAL-AGGREGATE COMPOSITION AND SOIL WATER RESISTANCE BASED ON TILLAGE REGIMES IN SOUTHEAST KAZAKHSTAN

The promotion and rational development of drylands employed two tillage regimes (plowing to 20–22 cm and no-till) during the spring wheat and barley cultivation in Southeast Kazakhstan. The results established that the no-till scheme contributed to forming an excellent aggregate state of the arable soil layer for spring wheat and barley (65%–69%). The water-resistant aggregates were the highest with no-tillage (19.3%–21.8%), indicating the unsatisfactory water resistance of the soil structure. Enhancing the water-resistant aggregates requires using organic fertilizers to improve the establishment of perennial grasses, green manuring, and cover crops. No-till system inclined to boost the optimal soil density from a loose and slightly compact state of 1.19–1.23 g/cm3 to a dense 1.32–1.39 g/cm3. According to crop cultivar and tillage methods, the spring wheat and barley grain yield varied between 2.84 and 3.89 t/ha. High grain yield came from the spring barley cultivar Symbat. Spring showed promising performance when the plowing level was 20–22 cm and inferior only by 0.25 and 0.15 t/ha with no-till. Based on the two-factor analysis of variance, the cultivar contribution to the spring wheat and barley grain yield buildup depended on the shares of crop season of the research (year – environment) (40.9%–62.2%) and the tillage regimes (22.4%–32.2%). The grain yield formation was more dependent on the studied crops and their cultivars, and the dependence increased over the crop seasons due to weather conditions during the crop period.

Root Silicon Amendment Enhances Barley’s Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight in the Field

Background: Silicon (Si) amendment plays an important role in enhancing the resistance of several plant species to diverse pathogens. To date, a few studies have focused on how Si application helps barley, a higher Si absorber and accumulator monocot, to resist fungal diseases, including Fusarium head blight (FHB), which reduces the quality and safety of harvested products worldwide. However, no study has ever been conducted to demonstrate Si's ability to suppress FHB development in barley heads under uncontrolled climatic conditions. Materials and Methods: This 2-year field study elucidated the effect of multiple Si applications at 1.7 mM via roots in two barley cultivars, Arabi Aswad (AS moderately resistant) and Arabi Abiad (AB moderately susceptible), to control four Fusarium species with diverse pathogenicity. The incidence of FHB (DI type I resistance), severity of FHB (DS type II), and Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK type III) were also tested to describe the nature of the Si-enhanced barley resistance. Results: Si treatment at 1.7 mM under soil culture decreased FHB development by enhancing all resistance types measured in the present research. DI, DS, and FDK were reduced by 18.7%, 20.3%, and 20.2%, respectively, in Si-Fusarium-inoculated treatments relative to fungal-inoculated controls. Si absorption in barley strengthened the defense system measured by type I and type II on AB to a level comparable to AS not amended with Si. Irrespective of the barley cultivar, however, Si resulted in a quasi-similar reduction of FDK. Importantly, Si treatment at 1.7 mM decreased the damage of FHB in previous analyses conducted on AS and AB under in vitro and growth chamber environments, showing that Si enhanced the expression of resistance to FHB infection in seedlings and adult barley plants. Conclusion: All of these results are promising outcomes for the application of Si as a safe and effective method against Fusarium species. This study provides new insights into the potential of multiple Si applications at 1.7 mM via roots for boosting barley’s resistance to FHB with a bright prospect for Si use in barley cultivation under field conditions.

Economic efficiency of growing winter barley in the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine under the influence of variety and biological preparations

The relevance of the article lies in the determination of the most optimal varieties and biopreparations that ensure high yield and profitability of growing winter barley. The purpose of the research was to determine the main indicators of the economic efficiency of the elements of the technology of growing winter barley for foliar fertilizing of plants in the main periods of vegetation with biological preparations. When conducting research, generally accepted methods were used: systematic approach and systematic analysis, field and statistical. The article provides data on the economic efficiency of the elements of winter barley cultivation technology based on the results of research conducted with four varieties of the crop in the conditions of the Educational and Scientific Practical Center of the Mykolaiv National Agrarian University in 2016-2019. The impact of variety selection, foliar fertilizing with modern bacterial preparations on the main indicators of the economic efficiency of growing winter barley was analysed. It was established that the cost of the grown grain depended on and changed under the influence of the features of the variety, biological preparation and the number of fertilizing. Obtaining the maximum cost of grain ensured the cultivation of winter barley varieties Valkyrie and Oscar for carrying out foliar feeding in the phase of tillering and emergence of plants in the tube with the biological preparation Organic Balance: 26.5 and 26.3 thousand hryvnias/ha, respectively. The same varieties, in case of two-time fertilization with Azotophyt, formed the value of grain at 25 thousand UAH/ha, and in controls – 20.1 and 21.1 thousand UAH/ha, respectively. Indicators of conditional net profit and level of profitability also changed with a similar dependence. Values of the cost of growing a unit of production of winter barley had the opposite dependence. The obtained scientific research results and definitions will contribute to the cultivation of winter barley on the basis of resource conservation with the use of biological preparations to increase productivity and the main factors of economic efficiency

Impact of varied NPK fertilizer application rates and seed quantities on barley yield and soil nutrient availability in chestnut soil of Azerbaijan

In the Gobustan district of Azerbaijan, the cultivation of barley is influenced by a complex interplay of soil properties, climate change effects, and agricultural practices. This study explores the impact of varying NPK fertilizer application rates and seed quantities, under natural climatic conditions, on barley yield and soil nutrient availability within Chestnut soils. The district's unique Chestnut soils, combined with evolving precipitation patterns due to climate change and the role of agricultural irrigation, create intricate challenges for successful barley farming. The experiment, conducted from 2016 to 2019, utilized a randomized complete block design with four replications to investigate the "Celilabad-19" barley variety. The results reveal a significant positive correlation between nitrogen application and grain yield. Notably, treatment 140-N60P45K45 (140 kg seed rate, 60 kg N/ha, 45 kg P/ha and 45 kg K/ha) demonstrated the highest average grain yield of 5.14 t/ha. The years 2017-2018 exhibited higher yields, possibly due to favorable climate conditions. Soil analyses indicated that higher NPK application rates led to elevated soil nutrient levels. However, nutrient content declined as plants progressed through growth stages, emphasizing the dynamic nutrient exchange between plants and soil. This study underscores the importance of adaptive agricultural strategies that consider climate variability and changing environmental conditions. The findings offer insights into sustainable cultivation practices essential for food security and crop production in the evolving climate of the Gobustan district.

Spatial zoning of wheat and barley cultivation in agricultural lands exposed to water scarcity Case study: Lenjanat region in Isfahan province

Spatial zoning of wheat and barley cultivation in agricultural lands exposed to water scarcity Case study: Lenjanat region in Isfahan province

Efficiency of technologies for the use of mineral fertilizers when cultivating spring barley in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region

In the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region (Republic of Mordovia) there was carried out the research on studying the effect of various technologies for the use of mineral fertilizers, with and without taking into account the intra-soil variability of soil fertility indicators in crops of spring barley of the Zazersky 85 variety. The experiment was carried out in 2012 and 2018 in two fields of grain-row crop rotation on leached chernozem (humus in the 0-25 сm layer – 5.3-6.9 %, nitrate and ammonium nitrogen 6.1-16.8 mg/kg of soil, mobile phosphorus 83-182 mg/kg of soil and exchangeable potassium 90-196 mg/kg of soil). The scheme of the experiment: control (without fertilizers); average dose of fertilizers (N70P34K26 – in 2012, N72P36K25 – in 2018); differentiated dose (N53-80P24-43K17-34 in 2012 and N56-80P25-42K20-27 in 2018). Fertilizer doses are calculated for the planned barley yield of 3.0 t/ha. The experiment was based on the principle of a split plot, where plots of the 1st order were reserved for variants with fertilizers, and plots of the 2nd order (5 plots in each repetition) were used to determine the variability of intra-soil fertility and fertilizer application. On average, for two fields of crop rotation, the highest barley yield (3.14 t/ha) was obtained in the variant with differentiated use of fertilizers, which was significantly 72 % higher than the control and 13 % higher than the variant with average doses. The application of fertilizers taking into account the heterogeneity of nutrients in the soil provided the smallest range of variation in yield (0.8 t/ha) across the plots of the polygon with an insignificant level of variation coefficient (V = 9.8 %). The use of fertilizers in the cultivation of barley had a statistically significant effect on the increase in the weight of 1000 grains, plant height, productive tillering coefficient and ear length. Differentiated doses of fertilizers compared with the averaged doses led to a noticeable increase in the values of productive bushiness of plants (by 8.3 %) and spike length (by 3.9 %). The technology of applying mineral fertilizers, taking into account the intra-soil variability of soil fertility indicators, was distinguished by the highest level of profitability in the production of spring barley grain (47.6 %) compared to traditional (26.2 %) and fertilizer savings (by 7.5-8.5 %).