Cucumber Varieties Research Articles

Characterization of caffeoyl shikimate esterase gene family identifies CsCSE5 as a positive regulator of Podosphaera xanthii and Corynespora cassiicola pathogen resistance in cucumber.

CsCSE genes might be involved in the tolerance of cucumber to pathogens. Silencing of the CsCSE5 gene resulted in attenuated resistance of cucumber to Podosphaera xanthii and Corynespora cassiicola. Caffeoyl shikimate esterase (CSE), a key enzyme in the lignin biosynthetic pathway, has recently been characterized to play a key role in defense against pathogenic infection in plants. However, a systematic analysis of the CSE gene family in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) has not yet been conducted. Here, we identified eight CsCSE genes from the cucumber genome via bioinformatic analyses, and these genes were unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, and 5. Results from multiple sequence alignment indicated that the CsCSE proteins had domains required for CSE activity. Phylogenetic analysis of gene structure and protein motifs revealed the conservation and diversity of the CsCSE gene family. Collinearity analysis showed that CsCSE genes had high homology with CSE genes in wax gourd (Benincasa hispida). Cis-acting element analysis of the promoters suggested that CsCSE genes might play important roles in growth, development, and stress tolerance. Expression pattern analysis indicated that CsCSE5 might be involved in regulating the resistance of cucumber to pathogens. Functional verification data confirmed that CsCSE5 positively regulates the resistance of cucumber to powdery mildew pathogen Podosphaera xanthii and target leaf spot pathogen Corynespora cassiicola. The results of our study provide information that will aid the genetic improvement of resistant cucumber varieties.

Comparative Efficacy of Cypermethrin and Plant Extract in the Control of Cucumber Pests in Ado Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria

Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus) is widely cultivated and consumed in the tropics as a source of fruit vegetable for man due to its numerous health benefits. Attainable yield in the farmers farm is considerably low due to the problem of insect pest attack. Based on the above, experiment was conducted to investigate the efficacy of cypermethrin and three plant extracts (Datura stramonium, Ricinus communis and Sida acuta) in the control of insect pest associated with cucumber. Cucumber variety Cu 999 was planted on a 2 x 2 m at a spacing of 40cm x 40cm. three concentrations of the extracts was used in the control of the pest and cypermethrin insecticide was used as a standard check. The control plot in each case was sprayed with distilled water. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and means separated using least significant different at (p ≤ 0.05). Result from the study shows statistically significant variations. Eight insect pests belonging to different families were frequently observed on the cucumber. Incidence of normal fruits were generally higher than abnormal fruits at all the tested concentrations. At 65 % concentration with extracts of D. stranmonium, incidence of normal fruit (80.3 %) was not significantly different from that of cypermethrin insecticide (82.6 %). Yield of cucumber sprayer with 65% concentration of D. stramonium (250 kg/ha) was not significantly different from that of cypermethrin insecticide (254 kg/ha). The study concluded that extracts of the three plants can replace the synthetic insecticide in the management of the insect plant of cucumber with corresponding yield.

Identification of a gene causing yellow endocarp in Cucumis sativus through high-throughput sequencing

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a globally valued and widely cultivated vegetable crop. However, most commercially available cucumbers contain white or green fruit flesh color, which has very low ß-carotene and other carotenoids. Conversely, orange or yellow-fleshed cucumbers are rich in carotenoids and offer significant dietary and nutritional benefits. To generate cucumber varieties with carotenoid-enriched fruit flesh, we conducted high-throughput sequencing of a yellow-fleshed cucumber PI200815 (CS-C) and white-fleshed cucumbers JEF, and KWSA, to identify the genomic region responsible for yellow-fleshed fruit. Building on the previous report by Lu et al. (2015), we identified seven unique DNA variations in five genes specific to the CS-C line using HiSeq2000 and genomic mapping to 'Chinese-Long v3′. Further, based on the Sanger gene sequencing, among the five candidate genes, we found the CsaV3_7G029170 (encodes for an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter C family member 4 [CsaYf]) gene with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variation in the third exon resulted in a missense mutation caused an amino acid change from Aspartic acid (Asp) to Aspargine (Asn) in the CS-C line. Accordingly, the gene segregation analysis based on the SNP variation revealed that the CsaYf gene confers the yellow endocarp trait in the CS-C line through recessive Mendelian single-gene inheritance. Notably, we observed a negative correlation between the downregulation of CsaYf gene expression and the accumulation of ß-carotene in meso and endo carp tissues in the CS-C line, suggesting a further investigation into the underlying molecular mechanism. This finding provides a novel genetic basis for breeding cucumbers with enriched carotenoid content to enhance their nutritional value.

Effect of silicon and humic substances on the productivity and absorption of minerals in cucumber

O Objective: To evaluate the effect of potassium silicate and humic substances in the mitigation of salt stress in cucumber grown in a greenhouse. Design/Methodology/Approach: A completely randomized design with factorial arrangement was used. The first factor was the cucumber varieties (Var): Induran (I) and SV2516 (SV). The second factor was potassium silicate (Si), with doses of 0, 10, and 20 mL·L-1. The third factor was humic substances (SH), with doses of 0, 10, and 20 kg/ha. Results: The best interaction for the NFP and Y variables was SV*SH20. The N and Ca content in the fruit was I*SH10, while the K and P content was SV*Si20. Meanwhile, Mg, Fe, and Cu interactions stood out with SV*Si10, SV*Si20, and I*Si10, respectively. The best interaction in leaf mineral content was I*SH20 (N), SV*SH10 (P and K), and SV*Si20 (Cu). Study Limitations/Implications: There was no significant difference in Ca, Mg, and Fe in leaf. Findings/Conclusions: At least one of the interactions between cultivars and bio stimulant doses favored agronomic traits, quality, and mineral absorption in fruit.

Relative biochemical and physiological docking of cucumber varieties for supporting innate immunity against Podosphaera xanthii

Powdery mildew in cucumber is caused by the Podosphaera xanthii. No strategy for improving disease resistance can be successful in the absence of thorough insights into the physiological and biochemical responses of cucumber plants to powdery mildew. Therefore, a field experiment was executed to evaluate five commercial cucumber varieties (V1: Dynasty, V2: Long green, V3:Desi Kheera, V4:Thamin II, V5:Cucumber 363) for their inherent immunity to powdery mildew. Upon inoculating cucumber plants with Podosphaera xanthii, we noted differential responses among the varieties. Compared to other varieties, V1 and V2 showed higher values (P ≤ 0.05) for chlorophyll-a under control and pathogen-attacked plants respectively. The minimum value of anthocyanin content (−53.73%) was recorded in V3 as compared to other varieties post pathogen infection. All pathogen-infected cucumber varieties showed a considerable (P ≤ 0.05) loss in flavonoid content except V2. The maximum destruction for Phenolics under powdery mildew (179%) were recorded in V4, whereas V1 exhibited maximum phenolic content under control conditions. In pathogen-infected plants, the minimum AsA was recorded in V5 as compared to all other varieties. Pathogen invasion impacted significantly (P ≤ 0.05) the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Besides, cucumber plants after pathogen inoculation resulted in a considerable (P ≤ 0.05) increase of peroxidase (POD) activity in V1 (5.02%), V2 (7.5%), and V3 (11%) in contrast to V4. Our results confirmed that cucumber varieties perform differently, which was brought on by distinct metabolic and physiological modifications that have an impact on growth and development. The changes in different attributes were correlated with cucumber resistance against powdery mildew. The results would help us fully harness the potential of these varieties to trigger disease management initiatives and defense responses.

Caracterização morfoagronômica de variedade de pepino do Alto Solimões, Amazonas

Cucumber is a vegetable very cultivated and known in Brazil, used in the preparation of salads and preserves. In Amazonas, cultivation is based on seeds from specialized companies, purchased on the local market. However, family farmers multiply and conserve seeds of traditional varieties. The objective of this work was to characterize a variety of cucumber from Benjamin Constant, Alto Solimões, Amazonas, describing it based on its morphological, phenological and agronomic characteristics. The variety has peculiar phenological and agronomic characteristics, such as a concentrated harvest (45 days) and a short cycle (105 days). The dimensions (20.1 cm x 6.7 cm), the weight (525.8 g) and the taste free of bitterness of the fruits, at the point of horticultural maturity, are outstanding attributes in the variety.

Performance of Different Varieties of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) under Prayagraj Agro-Climatic Condition

Eight cucumber varieties were evaluated at SHUATS, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh, in randomized block design with three replications during summer season-2022 for growth, yield and fruit quality traits. The variety AGRI GREEN gave maximum mean value for maximum vine length (217.33cm), number of primary branches (5.67), number of nodes per plant (39.10), Days to first female flower appearance and node to first female flower appearance were minimum and that was about (50.76) and (4.33) respectively, fruit length and weight with (15.83cm) and (126.00gm) respectively), node number at which first female flower appears (4.33), number of female flowers per Plant (16.37), fruit yield/ha (164.10 q/ha), number of fruits per plant (13.30), TSS (4.20 oBrix), was observed in same variety. The maximum fruit diameter was found in SS-100 (45.50 mm). AGRI GREEN was found superior based on overall performance in terms of growth, yield, and quality parameters. The study revealed that, these varieties of cucumber provide high benefit to the farmers through easy cultivation, better stress tolerance, diseases resistance and higher yields.

Investigating the Correlation and Principal Component of Quantitative Traits in Mixed Cropping of Okra and Cucumber

Aims: With the aim of Choosing the most appropriate treatment and investigating the relationships between the traits and investigating the correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) of the morphological and physiological traits, an experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in 3 replications on mixed cropping of okra and 3 varieties of cucumber in greenhouse.
 Study Design: In order to conduct the experiment, a randomized complete block design was used (RCBD) in three replications.
 Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Damavand region of Iran in 2019-2020.
 Methodology: This experiment was conducted in a metal frame greenhouse where the average temperature of the greenhouse was 25°C and the relative humidity was 40%. During the harvest season, 3 cucumber plants and one okra plant were randomly sampled and recorded, and the numerical value of each trait was recorded based on the average of 3 random plants.
 Results: The results obtained from the correlation coefficients indicated that the trait of dry fruit yield has a positive and significant correlation with the traits of fruit weight and fresh fruit yield. Also, in examining the correlation graph between the traits, dry fruit yield and wet fruit yield traits had positive correlations with chlorophyll a, number of fruits, total chlorophyll and plant height traits. Based on the main components, 4 components accounted for more than 55% of the total variance of the data, respectively, 16% related to the first component, 14% related to the second component, 11% related to the third component, and 10% related to the fourth component. Graphical analysis was used on the data obtained from the experiment. Based on the ranking diagram of treatments in terms of traits, A1B2 (Baker x Mito) and A1B1 (Baker x NEGIN ) treatments were selected as suitable treatments.
 Conclusion: Comparison of the treatments with the okra single cropping treatment showed that doing mixed cropping of okra: cucumber can have a great effect on increasing the level of desirability in various traits in the target crop.

Salt Tolerance Evaluation of Cucumber Germplasm under Sodium Chloride Stress.

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important horticultural crop worldwide. Sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) in the surface soil are the major limiting factors in coastal areas of Shandong Province in China. Therefore, to understand the mechanism used by cucumber to adapt to sodium chloride (NaCl), we analyzed the phenotypic and physiological indicators of eighteen cucumber germplasms after three days under 100 and 150 mM NaCl treatment. A cluster analysis revealed that eighteen germplasms could be divided into five groups based on their physiological indicators. The first three groups consisted of seven salt-tolerant and medium salt-tolerant germplasms, including HLT1128h, Zhenni, and MC2065. The two remaining groups consisted of five medium salt-sensitive germplasms, including DM26h and M1-2-h-10, and six salt-sensitive germplasms including M1XT and 228. A principal component analysis revealed that the trend of comprehensive scores was consistent with the segmental cluster analysis and survival rates of cucumber seedlings. Overall, the phenotype, comprehensive survival rate, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis revealed that the salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive germplasms were Zhenni, F11-15, MC2065, M1XT, M1-2-h-10, and DM26h. The results of this study will provide references to identify or screen salt-tolerant cucumber germplasms and lay a foundation for breeding salt-tolerant cucumber varieties.

Evaluation of cucumber UBL5 promoter as a tool for transgene expression and genome editing in plants.

Transgene expression and genome editing can help improve cucumber varieties to better respond to climate change. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the CsUBL5 promoter in transgene expression and genome editing in cucumber. The CsUBL5 promoter was cloned and analyzed to identify cis-elements that respond to abiotic signals, hormones, signal molecules, and nutrient treatments. 5' deletion constructs of the promoter were tested for their ability to drive GUS reporter expression in cucumber cotyledons, Arabidopsis seedlings, and tobacco leaves, and their response to various treatments including SA, light, drought, IAA, and GA was determined. The results showed that the CsUBL5 promoter effectively drove transgene expression in these plants, and their expressions under treatments were consistent with the predicted cis-elements, with some exceptions. Furthermore, the pCsUBL5-749 deletion construct can improve genome editing efficiency in cucumber when driving Cas9 expression. The editing efficiency of two sgRNAs targeting the ATG6 gene in cucumber was up to 4.6-fold higher using pCsUBL5-749 compared to a rice UBI promoter, although the effects of changing promoter on the editing efficiency is sgRNA specific. These findings highlight the potential utility of the CsUBL5 promoter for improving cucumber varieties through genetic engineering and genome editing. It also demonstrates the importance of modulating Cas9 expression to increase genome editing efficiency in cucumbers.

The Growth Characteristic of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Genotypes and Varieties Grown under Prayagraj Agro-climatic Conditions

The experiment was carried out at Horticulture Research Field, Department of Horticulture, during the year 2022. This experiment was conducted to find out the best performing genotypes in relation of growth, yield and quality of cucumber. Seven cucumber genotypes such as IET, 2021/CUCUVAR-1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and three check variety namely NAZIA,LHC-1395 and MALINI were studied at SHUATS, Prayagraj in randomized block design with three replications in 4.5 x 3.0 m plot during summer season 2022 to find out the best performing genotype in related to growth, yield and fruit quality traits. NAZIA was found with the maximum fruit weight (247.67g), Fruit length (18.37cm), Fruit yield per plot (43.64 kg), Fruit yield (326.40 q/ha). NAZIA was found superior based on overall performance in term of growth, yield and quality and highest net return (3,33,718 Rs/ha). The highest cost benefit ratio (3.14) was found in cucumber NAZIA variety.

The effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Against Damping-off Pathogens on Different Varieties of Cucumber in Vitro

The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum against damping-off pathogens on four commercial cultivars of cucumber in vitro. Various sites of Najaf province including (Abasia, Quzwenia, Haydaria, Manathera and Meshkab) were surveyed to detect the spread of studied disease. Pathogenic fungi were isolated from roots and stem parts of infected cucumber plants that collected from studied sites then diagnosed morphologically. The pathogenicity test was conducted on fungal isolates and the susceptibility of four different cucumber varieties (Superina F1, Beit alpha F1, Cucumber short and Hybrid cucumber) to these isolates was tested in laboratory with the presence of the fungal bio-control T. longibrachiatum. One isolate of Fusarium sp. and another isolate of R. solani found to be very virulence which increase the percentage of damping off on seedlings up to 90and 100% respectively compare to control treatment of the four studied varieties that recorded 100, 95, 90 and 85 respectively and reduced vegetative and root growth indicators of cucumber plants (the weight and the length of plumule, the weight and the length of radicale) and these isolates were chosen to complete the later studies. The diagnosis of these two isolate then confirmed by (PCR) to F. solani and R. solani as both isolates were registered in National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under ON394603 and ON398997 accession numbers respectively. Results showed that T. longibrachiatum treatment was increased studied indicators when it was added alone or with other treatments to the soil of plastic pots and provided a protection for cucumber plants from the infection by the disease. The susceptibility of the four studied different cucumber varieties to F. solani and R. solani showed that Cucumber short and Beit alpha F1 varieties were more susceptible to the infection by damping off pathogens compare to moderate susceptibility in Hybrid cucumber, while Superina F1 showed less susceptibility which clearly indicated in the studied vegetative and root growth indicators of cucumber plants.

Genetics, resistance mechanism, and breeding of powdery mildew resistance in cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.)

Cucumber is an important vegetable worldwide, and powdery mildew (PM) is a common and serious disease of cucumbers. Breeding disease-resistant cucumber varieties is the most advantageous strategy to control this disease. In recent years, exploration and identification of cucumber PM resistance genes have achieved great advancement, and many genes have been cloned and verified using different methods. However, the resistance mechanism of cucumber PM is still unclear, and many ambiguities need to be elucidated urgently. In this review, we summarized the research advances in PM resistance in cucumbers, including genetic analysis, quantitative trait locus mapping, map-based cloning, transcriptomics, mlo-mediated PM resistance, and mining of noncoding RNAs involved in resistance. Finally, the research directions and the problems that need to be solved in the future were discussed.

PERFORMANCE OF RABBIT URINE ON THE YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENT OF CUCUMBER

Organic farming is known to be the production system where synthetic fertilizers and pesticides are largely or completely avoided, it has been observed recently the rapid growth of the system in the last decades. An experiment was conducted at the Vegetable Research Farm of National Horticultural Research Institute, Ibadan, Oyo state to determine the influence of rabbit urine as organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of two varieties of cucumber. The experiment was laid out in a factorial arrangement fitted into a randomized complete block design replicated 3 times. The trial comprised of two cucumber varieties (Marketer and Poinsett), urine application as soil and foliar application, NPK and the control. The results showed significant influence of the treatments on growth and yield of cucumber also significant interaction was observed between varieties and treatments used on yield attributes and yield of cucumber. The application of rabbit urine into the soil and by foliar on marketer cucumber significantly had the highest fruit yield in both years.

SnRK1 signaling regulates cucumber growth and resistance to Corynespora cassiicola

Energy metabolism is one of the key factors determining the growth and development of plants and the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Sucrose non-fermentation 1 related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) is an important energy-sensitive regulator that plays a key role in the overall control of carbohydrate metabolism. However, little is known about the function of SnRK1 in cucumber. In this study, metformin (an SnRK1 activator) and trehalose (an SnRK1 inhibitor) were used to investigate the role of SnRK1 signaling in cucumber. The results showed that SnRK1 activation could inhibit the growth of cucumber, slow down the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), reduce the contents of photosynthetic pigments and soluble sugars, and suppress the expression of genes related to sucrose metabolism. By contrast, SnRK1 inhibition yielded opposite results. Furthermore, SnRK1 activation and CsSnRK1 over-expression improved cucumber resistance to Corynespora cassiicola. While, SnRK1 inhibition and CsSnRK1 silencing reduced the resistance of cucumber to C. cassiicola. The results indicated that CsSnRK1 gene can positively regulate the resistance of cucumber to C. cassiicola. We conclude that CsSnRK1 signaling plays an important role in balancing the growth and immune response of cucumber. These results can be applied to the improvement of disease-resistant cucumber varieties.

Influence of Plant Density and Application of Different NPK Doses on Growth and Yield Performances of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) under the Open Field Conditions in Kabul, Afghanistan

The present study was conducted for one growing season from 12th March 2022 to 15th July 2022 in Horticulture Research Farm at Agriculture Faculty of Kabul University in open field, with the specific objective of finding out the interaction influence of three plant density and four NPK doses as a treatment on the growth and yield parameters of Nahid-F1 variety of cucumber. The experiment was laid out following the Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD), with three replications consisting of combined three level of plant geometry viz. 75×35 cm (S1), 75×45 cm (S2) and 75×55 cm and four doses of NPK viz., control (F0), 60:30:30 (F1), 80:40:40 (F2) and 120:60:60 (F3) as a treatment. The data on growth attributes and yield contributing characteristics of cucumber crop were recorded and analyzed trough SPSS (22) software (2011) using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Factorial Randomized Black Design (FRBD). The results obtained from the current study reveal that all growth and yield characteristics under the study were remarkably influenced by plant density and dose of NPK and cucumber variety of Nahid-F1 performed better with T12 (75×55 cm + NPK 120:60:60), T8 (75×35 cm + NPK 120:60:60) and T3 (75×35 cm + NPK 80:40:40) in respect to the various growth and yield characteristics, such as number of branches, number of leaves per plant, plant height, stem girth, days to first flower bud initiation, days of first fruits picking, fruit length, fruit girth, average fresh fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, number of fruit per vine, yield per square meter and yield per hectare. While T1 (75×35 cm + control), T5 (75×45 cm + control) and T9 (75×55 cm + control) did not show any superiority in any growth and yield attributes as evaluated in Kabul agro-climatic region. Thus, T8 and T12 could be recommended to the farmers of Kabul province for better cucumber production in Kabul agro-climatic condition in Central Afghanistan.

Morpho-agronomic Characterization of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) Germplasm for Yield and Yield-associated Traits

Nepal possesses a rich diversity of cucumber landraces and their wild relatives. The first step towards harnessing the potential of these landraces in crop improvement programs is to identify the amount of genetic variation present among them. This research aimed to evaluate 18 cucumber accessions collected from different regions of Nepal and assess their agro-morphological variation in terms of yield and yield-associated traits under polyhouse condition. A research trial was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design with two replicates at the National Agriculture Genetic Resources Centre (NAGRC), Khumaltar in 2019. The accessions were characterized using various qualitative and quantitative descriptors, with six focusing on traits related to the fruits of the plant and three on phenology and morphology. The results revealed significant variations among the genotypes for all studied traits. Bhaktapur Local was an excellent genotype for recording yield and associated traits, like fruit dimension, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant, making it the most promising genotype, however, Genebank accessions, such as NGRC08671, NGRC07716 and NGRC08668 could be excellent choices for yield associated traits. Correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between yield and fruit length, fruit width, and total number of fruits per plant, while vine length was positively correlated with the total number of fruits produced per plant. This study identified several genotypes with desirable traits for yield and yield-associated characteristics, which could be valuable in the development of high-yielding cucumber varieties with superior morphological and agronomic traits in the future.
 Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(1): 30-36.

Assessment of early ripeness and productive capacity of a collection of F<sub>1</sub> hybrids of cucumber grown in a polycarbonate greenhouse in the south of the Amur region

Relevance. In the vegetable market, cucumber is in stable demand. It also occupies one of the leading places in the structure of sown areas after root crops, cabbage, and tomato. In addition to high yields, modern varieties (hybrids) of cucumber, are characterized by good marketability of green cukes and transportability. The stable demand for green cukes among the population, as well as their high economically valuable characteristics, ensure constant interest in this crop both at large and small farms, which supply a significant part of the market with the fresh produce in spring and summer. Local peasant farms grow cabbages, root vegetables, onions, and watermelons, but very few of those cultivate cucumbers. Those are mainly grown in spring greenhouses. This imbalance is explained by the lack of cucumber varieties and hybrids adapted to local conditions.The purpose of this study is the assessment of a collection of parthenocarpic F1 cucumber hybrids and identification of highly productive varieties suitable for growing in polycarbonate greenhouses suitable in the spring-summer rotation in the south of the Amur Region. The object of the study were 11 F1 cucumber hybrids of domestic and foreign selection.Results. According to the results of studying the collection of parthenocarpic hybrids of cucumber grown in spring/summer polycarbonate greenhouses in the south of the Amur Region, marketable green cukes are formed on day 44-54 after germination. The hybrids Amur F1, Artist F1, Director F1, Componist RZ F1, Bjorn F1, Gunnar F1, and Cedric F1 are characterized by high productive facility. They have formed 9.0–13.0 kg/m2 of marketable green cukes. According to the test panel score, the hybrids Bettina F1, Pasalimo F1, and Gunnar F1, have the best gustatory quality (4,8-5,0 points).

Growth and production response of three cucumber varieties to liquid organic fertilizer of coconut coir

Cucumber production has decreased in recent years. Several ways to increase cucumber productivity are the application of organic fertilizers and using appropriate varieties. Coconut coir is one of the wastes from the rest of the coconut fruit that has the potential to be utilized because it is easily obtained in large quantities and is easy to process as liquid organic fertilizer. The aim of the research was to study the responses of growth and yield of three cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) varieties in utilizing liquid organic fertilizer of Coconut Coir. This research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Teuku Umar, West Aceh Regency from December 2021 to January 2022. This research was conducted in a factorial randomized block design with 2 treatment factors. The first factor consists of 3 types of cucumber variety were Mercy, Hercules and Harmony. The second factor was 3 levels of coconut coir liquid organic fertilizer: 0 (control), 75 ml, and 100 ml. The results showed that cucumber variety showed a significant effect on stem diameter at 28 days, plant height at 14 and 28 days after planting and fruit length. The treatment of coconut coir liquid organic fertilizer showed a significant effect on the fruit weight of cucumber. Based on the study, each of the best variety to the growth and production of cucumber plant was found in the Harmony variety, and the best dose treatment was 100ml of liquid organic fertilizer of coconut coir. There was no interaction between the three varieties with the dosed treatment of liquid organic fertilizer of coconut coir.

Growth dynamics of the fruit of members of the Cucurbitaceae family

In this article, the results of the research conducted to study the growth dynamics of the fruits of plants belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, the fruit growth took place along a simple sigmoid curve: at first, the size and weight of the fruit increased exponentially, then this process slowed down, and it was given with an in-depth scientific analysis. It was noted that the ratio of fruit formation and ripening periods was 1:2 in "Uzbeksky 740" and "Margelansky 822" varieties of cucumber, and that the period of fruit formation in "Uzbeksky 452" and "Kuzybay 30" watermelon varieties was slightly longer than its ripening period.