Crucial Skill Research Articles

Relative to females, male rats are more willing to forego obtaining sucrose reward in order to prevent harm to their cage mate.

Empathy, or the ability to perceive, share, and act upon the emotions of another, is a crucial social skill and is dysfunctional in autism and schizophrenia. While the complexities of human empathy are difficult to model in rodents, behavioral paradigms utilizing rats which study decision-making in social contexts may provide a translational framework for assessing biological, pharmacotherapeutic, and environmental interventions. Modify and expand upon the three-session rat harm aversion task, which measures the willingness of rats to cease pressing a lever that earns them sucrose reward but delivers a shock to their cage mate. We sought to test the sustainability of harm aversion across seven sessions in male and female rats. Same-sex pair-housed rats were assigned as either the observer, which had access to the lever, or the demonstrator, which would receive shocks. After training the observer to press the lever to receive sucrose pellets, the demonstrator was placed into an adjacent chamber at which point lever responses would also deliver a shock. If the observer did not press the lever, no shock and no sucrose was delivered. A sex difference in harm aversion was observed with female rats having significantly higher response rates and decreased response latencies across the seven test sessions, thus delivering more shocks and obtaining more sucrose, relative to males. These data demonstrate that male rats sustain harm aversion to a greater extent relative to females.

Revolutionary of Curriculum and Its Challenges in the 21st Century

Every area of life, including the learning process, has been impacted by the growth of the 21st-century world, which is characterized by the use of information and communication technology in all facets of daily life. Every field of work requires changes in competence and skills as a result of developments. Critical thinking, problem-solving, and teamwork are crucial skills for success in the twenty-first century. Schools must be equipped to prepare kids for life in the twenty-first century. The goal of all teaching and learning activities in schools must be to prepare students with the skills needed for the twenty-first century. The capacity for learning expands and becomes resourceful. Because of advancements made in the 21st century, learning has become more dynamic. The educational system must therefore be able to address all of the difficulties and skill requirements of the 21st century. As a result, education must plan out its educational programs through the curriculum that pupils will be taught. The curriculum is everything that pupils will learn in order to accomplish a particular objective. To accommodate all available skills and obstacles, curriculum changes are implemented. Responding to the demands of the twenty-first century presents exceedingly complicated issues for the curriculum. The curriculum is modified appropriately to meet these requirements and challenges. The actual challenge is staying on course with the vision, mission, and goals of national education. Consequently, a curriculum that can both internally and externally address the needs of the 21st century is required.

Exploring the Psychological Benefits of Team Sports in Physical Education Programs Eleanore Mitsu S. Delito

This study delves into the substantial psychological advantages that stem from active participation in team sports within physical education programs. Drawing upon data from 80 student participants, our quantitative investigation illuminates the transformative impact of team sports across a spectrum of dimensions. Most notably, involvement in team sports is associated with a noteworthy amplification of self-esteem, underscoring its role in fortifying individual self-assurance and self-value. Furthermore, team sports notably elevate social interaction and cultivate profound relationships, effectively mitigating sentiments of isolation. Impressively, participants report reduced stress levels and a comprehensive enhancement in psychological well-being, highlighting the stress-reduction dividends of team sports. The cultivation of crucial life skills such as leadership and adaptability further accentuates the holistic personal growth nurtured through team sports. In addition, our findings hint at potential academic and cognitive advantages, with participants exhibiting augmented cognitive faculties and heightened concentration. This study underscores the fundamental contribution of team sports in fostering holistic student development within educational settings, delivering invaluable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers alike

Crucial workforce skills necessary for efficient performance of multicultural teams in Industry 5.0. - the results of an in-depth group interview with managers from selected European countries

Crucial workforce skills necessary for efficient performance of multicultural teams in Industry 5.0. - the results of an in-depth group interview with managers from selected European countries

A heuristic framework for video-based teaching and learning scenarios in higher education

Video has been proven to be an effective tool for enhancing the professional vision of higher education students, which is a crucial situation-specific skill within their professional competence. To ensure the successful integration of video in higher education teaching and learning, several implementation actions and processes need to be considered. This paper proposes a heuristic framework for implementing video-based teaching and learning scenarios across various disciplines in higher education. The framework combines existing research strands on professional vision, video implementation, technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK), and interactive, constructive, active, and passive (ICAP) learning activities. To highlight the interdisciplinary nature of the framework, examples from four different higher education disciplines (Catholic moral theology, Communication science, German as a second and foreign language, Medicine) are provided. These examples serve to underscore the framework’s applicability across a range of academic fields.

The Analysis of Feasibility in EFL Textbook: A Contribution to Kurikulum Merdeka

The researchers would like to combine theories from Tomlinson and Buku Saku Tanya Jawab Kurikulum Merdeka that never been done previously by analyzing the feasibility features of a textbook entitled English for Junior High School Students: Pragmatics Based designed by the researchers themselves as an R & D product of the research. The study can make a valuable contribution to the field of education by providing insights into the development of a new textbook that focuses on pragmatics. It employed a descriptive qualitative research design with the designed textbook for seventh-grade students as the research object, then analyzed using two theories mentioned previously. Based on the findings, the textbook fulfills sixteen criteria proposed by Tomlinson. It can be utilized as a supplement to the study findings and as a learning tool in the classroom as well as this research contributes to Kurikulum Merdeka while also meeting the needs of teachers and students. The combination of viewing and presenting activities can enhance students’ comprehension of English as well as their speaking, listening, and idea-organizing abilities in the language. Both viewing and presenting must be seen in the English learning curriculum as crucial skills that complement one another and must be taught in an integrated way. The textbook is also equipped with audio and videos accessed via Android and iOS. Based on those findings, the textbook contributes to the latest curriculum that is Kurikulum Merdeka as a valuable supplementary textbook. Therefore, there are opportunities to conduct additional research on this topic.

Indonesian EFL Learners’ Digital Reading Habits

Reading has long been one of the most crucial skills individuals should master to function effectively in society. Due to the revolutionary penetration of information and communication technology (ICT) into almost all aspects of human life, reading has transformed from paper-based to screen-based. Thus, facilitating students to cultivate digital reading should be one of the educational priorities. This study aims at exploring the digital reading habits of students majoring in English as a foreign language (EFL) in Indonesian context. Employing a mixed-methods design, quantitative and qualitative data were collected using an online questionnaire including close-ended and open-ended questions from 79 students of the English Language Education Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta. The results show that a majority of the participants prefer to read in English in digital reading mode due to several reasons. Their most favorable tool for reading is smartphones. Additionally, a majority of them prefer to read at home as far as they have good access to the internet. Finally, based on the analysis of the motivational and de-motivational factors of reading, the participants’ preference towards digital reading has a stronger motivational foundation than print reading.

Speech Acts in EFL Context: A Literature Review

As a part of crucial skills of communicative competence, there have been enormous studies discussing speech acts. This study aimed at investigating speech acts as interlanguage pragmatics focusing on EFL context. Two main questions addressing on (1) how speech acts availability in text-book used by EFL learners, (2) the frequency of speech acts occurring in the EFL classroom context. By reviewing 20 journals from various reliable sources thematically, it is found that speech act availability in the textbooks exists with an unbalanced proportion of speech act types. In addition, the books provide fewer various strategies of speech acts. Concerning the frequency of speech acts in the EFL classroom, directives are mostly used by the teacher while students tend to use various kinds of speech acts. Further study suggested digging into more contextual settings. 
 
 Keywords: Speech Acts, EFL, Text-Books

Can reflective interventions improve students’ academic achievement? A meta-analysis

Reflection is widely acknowledged as a crucial skill for successful learning and decision-making. Recent evidence has shown that reflection can enhance motivation for in-depth learning, improve cognitive and metacognitive strategies, and promote self-regulated learning. While some studies have reported the positive effects of reflective interventions on student academic outcomes, conflicting findings exist. To provide a comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness of reflective interventions on academic achievement, this meta-analysis synthesized data from 25 quantitative studies (comprising 29 effect sizes) conducted between 2012 and 2022, with a total of 2,111 participants. The results revealed a significant overall effect of reflective interventions on academic achievement (g = 0.793, p < 0.001). Further moderator analyses indicated that the effectiveness of reflective interventions was influenced by factors such as learning mode, intervention duration, the role of reflective writing, and culture. However, education level, discipline, teacher or expert feedback, peer interaction, and technological scaffolding did not significantly affect the impact of reflective interventions across studies. These findings highlight the importance of fostering reflective thinking and refining the detailed design of reflective interventions to enhance students’ academic achievement.

Pengaruh Ekstrakurikuler Pramuka Terhadap Kemandirian Siswa Kelas V SDN Cibodas Kota Tangerang

This study evaluates the influence of Scout extracurricular activities on self-directed learning in 5th-grade students at SDN Cibodas, Tangerang City. Data collected includes pre and post assessments of students' self-directed learning. The study involved 57 students divided into control and experimental groups. Results indicate a significant difference in self-directed learning between the two groups. Students who participated in Scout activities showed a notable improvement in self-directed learning compared to non-participating students. These findings support the hypothesis that Scout extracurricular activities positively impact students' self-directed learning. The implications highlight the importance of Scouts in fostering student independence. Through Scout activities, students develop crucial skills such as self-directed learning and problem-solving. This insight guides schools and stakeholders in designing holistic educational programs that prioritize the integration of Scout extracurricular activities. Additionally, this research contributes to the existing literature on the influence of extracurricular activities on student development. The findings serve as a foundation for further research investigating additional factors influencing the impact of Scout activities on students' self-directed learning. It also informs the development of more effective extracurricular programs aimed at enhancing students' self-directed learning abilities

Evaluation of a charge nurse leadership development program.

Evaluation of a charge nurse leadership development program.

Prospective memory in patients with Mild Cogntive Impairment

Prospective memory is the ability to remember to carry out intended actions and to evoke delayed intentions. It constitutes a crucial skill for the daily functioning of the elderly. It might also be prematurely compromised in neurodegenerative diseases. In the Latin American region, objective measures are not available for its assessment. The aim of this study is to explore prospective memory in patients diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment. As specific aims, we intend to discriminate the performance on prospective memory between patients and healthy subjects and to study the internal consistency and inter-examiner reliability of the Mini Cóndor Test (a simplified version of a prospective memory test developed in Argentina). We carried out a comparative study including a group of 20 patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and a group of 20 healthy subjects as control group. Results indicated significant statistically differences between groups in prospective memory performance in favor of the control group. The Mini Cóndor Test met adequate scores for internal consistency and inter-rater reliability. These preliminary results suggest that the Mini Cóndor Test has the potential to early detect cognitive impairment associated to neurodegenerative pathology.&#x0D;

The Correlation Between Adversity Quotient and Critical Thinking Ability of Chemistry Education Students

In the globalization era, the ability to think critically is a crucial skill for students to navigate through tough competition. One internal factor influencing a person's critical thinking ability is Adversity Quotient (AQ). It provides an overview of how well students can respond and tackle obstacles while honing their essential thinking skills. This study explored the correlation between AQ and students' critical thinking abilities, specifically when working on chemistry problems related to salt hydrolysis. The research involved 30 students majoring in Chemistry Education, selected using a proportional stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire was administered to measure AQ, while students' critical thinking skills were assessed through a description test. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test, which yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.299, indicating that the correlation between AQ and students' critical thinking skills was not significant (p0.05). Further analysis is required to delve deeper into the correlation between AQ and critical thinking and identify other factors influencing necessary thinking skills.

Desain Lintasan Belajar Matematika dalam Pembelajaran Arimatika Sosial Menggunakan Aplikasi Quizlet untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep

Conceptual understanding is a crucial skill in learning mathematics, especially in the context of concepts relevant to students' everyday lives, such as Social Arithmetic. However, students often face difficulties in gaining a deep understanding of mathematical concepts. This study aims to test the implementation of the Quizlet application in mathematics learning to enhance students' conceptual understanding. The Design Research method is employed in this study, involving stages such as preliminary design, design experimentation, and retrospective analysis to design an effective learning path. The results of the study indicate a significant positive influence of using the Quizlet application on students' conceptual understanding of mathematics. This research suggests that the application has the potential to serve as an effective tool to facilitate enjoyable and easy mathematics learning for students.

Terror without training: First-hand experiences of student journalists covering the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings

In 2019, 51 people were killed in terror attacks at two mosques in Christchurch, a city on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand with a population of around 400,000 people. It was the deadliest mass shooting in the country’s history and the first terror attack of its kind on home soil, attracting extensive international media attention. Given the city’s relative isolation, early coverage was by local media and included local journalism students who had responded to a developing event. This study explores the first-hand experiences of these undergraduate broadcast journalism students who, just a few weeks into a new academic year, covered the news story for national and international media. Using mini focus groups, this descriptive study sheds light on how students with little to no trauma training coped with reporting on such an extreme and unprecedented event and the crucial role soft skills played in guiding their actions.

Clicking with Confidence: Influence of a Student Co-Designed MOOC on Students' Emotions and Online Learning Self-Efficacy

The COVID-19 pandemic has taught us that being able to learn online is now a crucial life skill and cannot be left to chance. Pedagogical interventions are critical to support students in building their digital skills and confidence, given identified links between online learning readiness and academic success. Based on this premise, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of an online learning preparatory MOOC on students’ emotions and levels of online learning self-efficacy (OLSE). The paper begins by illustrating how the design and delivery of the MOOC had the potential to provide participants with the necessary mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and affective regulation opportunities to evaluate and develop their online learning self-efficacy beliefs. Students starting or continuing their higher education online because of COVID-19 were encouraged to take the MOOC as part of their development. Students’ self-reports of their emotion and OLSE were compared pre- and post-MOOC. Paired sample t-tests found significant differences in all four dimensions of OLSE following participation in the MOOC. Participants reported higher levels of Self-Efficacy Navigating Technology, Self-Efficacy Managing Time, Self-Efficacy Learning at a Distance, and Self-Efficacy Communicating Online. Additionally, changes in learners’ emotions were observed post-MOOC. Most participants reported feeling anxious about online learning before the MOOC. This changed, however, post-MOOC, with the majority feeling positive and hopeful about online learning following the two-week course. The paper concludes by discussing the implications for practice.

Medical students’ responses to uncertainty: a cross-sectional study using a new self-efficacy questionnaire in Aotearoa New Zealand

ObjectivesResponding well to clinical uncertainty is a crucial skill for any doctor. To better understand how medical students develop this skill, Social Cognitive Theory can be used to explore students’...

FOSTERING CREATIVITY SKILLS IN PRIMARY PUPILS: A CASE STUDY ON TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE

This article explores the development of creativity skills in primary pupils, with a specific focus on the role of Technology Science education. Creativity is a crucial skill set that cultivates critical thinking, problem-solving, and innovation, necessary for success in the modern world. Technology Science, or STEM education, provides a conducive environment for fostering creativity in young learners. By encouraging curiosity, promoting problem-solving and critical thinking, facilitating collaboration, and providing hands-on experiences, Technology Science nurtures the creative potential of primary pupils. Strategies such as creating an open and supportive environment, promoting exploration, encouraging divergent thinking, and integrating arts and technology can effectively enhance creativity skills. Educators play a vital role in creating an environment that stimulates and nurtures creativity, thereby preparing primary pupils for a future that demands innovative thinking.

Default egocentrism: an MVPA approach to overlap in own and others' socio-political attitudes.

Understanding the socio-political attitudes of other people is a crucial skill, yet the neural mechanisms supporting this capacity remain understudied. This study used multivariate pattern analysis to examine patterns of activity in the default mode network (DMN) while participants assessed their own attitudes and the attitudes of other people. Classification analyses indicated that common patterns in DMN regions encode both own and others' support across a variety of contemporary socio-political issues. Moreover, cross-classification analyses demonstrated that a common coding of attitudes is implemented at a neural level. This shared informational content was associated with a greater perceived overlap between own attitude positions and those of others (i.e.attitudinal projection), such that higher cross-classification accuracy corresponded with greater attitudinal projection. This study thus identifies a possible neural basis for egocentric biases in the social perception of individual and group attitudes and provides additional evidence for self/other overlap in mentalizing.

Mitochondria Have Made a Long Evolutionary Path from Ancient Bacteria Immigrants within Eukaryotic Cells to Essential Cellular Hosts and Key Players in Human Health and Disease.

Mitochondria have made a long evolutionary path from ancient bacteria immigrants within the eukaryotic cell to become key players for the cell, assuming crucial multitasking skills critical for human health and disease. Traditionally identified as the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells due to their central role in energy metabolism, these chemiosmotic machines that synthesize ATP are known as the only maternally inherited organelles with their own genome, where mutations can cause diseases, opening up the field of mitochondrial medicine. More recently, the omics era has highlighted mitochondria as biosynthetic and signaling organelles influencing the behaviors of cells and organisms, making mitochondria the most studied organelles in the biomedical sciences. In this review, we will especially focus on certain 'novelties' in mitochondrial biology "left in the shadows" because, although they have been discovered for some time, they are still not taken with due consideration. We will focus on certain particularities of these organelles, for example, those relating to their metabolism and energy efficiency. In particular, some of their functions that reflect the type of cell in which they reside will be critically discussed, for example, the role of some carriers that are strictly functional to the typical metabolism of the cell or to the tissue specialization. Furthermore, some diseases in whose pathogenesis, surprisingly, mitochondria are involved will be mentioned.