Analytical Cross-sectional Study Research Articles

Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Literacy and Hesitancy of Elderly Czechs: An Analysis Using the 5C Model of Psychological Antecedents.

Seasonal influenza vaccination rates among the elderly in the Czech Republic are alarmingly low, making it one of the least vaccinated countries in Europe. This study explored the role of vaccine literacy and insurance coverage on vaccination status. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Summer 2023 using a self-administered questionnaire covering vaccine literacy (functional, interactive, and critical skills), negative perceptions towards influenza vaccination, and the 5C model (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility). Individuals aged 55 and older were included in the study. Mediation analyses assessed the indirect effects of insurance coverage on vaccination status. Significant differences were noted in vaccination rates based on insurance coverage, chronic diseases, regular medication use, and previous COVID-19 and pneumococcal vaccinations. Vaccine literacy, especially interactive and critical skills, was higher among vaccinated individuals. Confidence and collective responsibility were significant promoters, while complacency and constraints were barriers to vaccination. Mediation analyses indicated that negative perceptions, confidence, and collective responsibility significantly mediated the relationship between insurance coverage and vaccination status. Enhancing vaccine literacy and addressing psychological antecedents are crucial for improving influenza vaccination rates among the elderly. Policy measures should include improving vaccine literacy, building public confidence, and addressing negative perceptions.

Hematology scoring model to predict sepsis in preterm neonates

Background Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. Atypical clinical symptoms lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Scoring a combination of routine hematology parameters may be able to predict the occurrence of sepsis in preterm neonates. Objective To formulate a new model for neonatal sepsis scoring from various complete blood count parameters to predict sepsis in preterm neonates. Methods This analytical cross sectional study using secondary data from the Registry of the Neonatology Division was conducted at the RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung, West Java. Subjects were neonates diagnosed with sepsis, of gestational age 28–36 weeks, who were born at the RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin from January to December 2021. Laboratory results of patients who met the inclusion criteria were recorded. Subjects were divided into either proven sepsis and probable sepsis groups, based on blood culture results. Results Of 112 subjects, 35.7% had proven sepsis and 64.3% probable sepsis. In the proven sepsis group, 52.5% of subjects were male, median birth weight was 1,490 grams, median gestational age was 32 weeks, 90% were small for gestational age, and 60% were delivered normally. Multivariable analysis by multiple logistic regression revealed that the parameters associated with the incidence of neonatal sepsis were c-reactive protein (CRP) > 0.18 mg/dL (score 6), hematocrit <40% (score 4), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) < 19.623 (score 4); monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) < 0.461 (score 2); and mean platelet volume (MPV) value >10 (score 2). Score >8 had a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 70.8%, with area under the ROC curve of 0.865 (P<0.001). Scoring accuracy was 75.8%, with a positive predictive value of 61.8%, a negative predictive value of 89.5%, and Kappa index of 51.5% with moderate agreement. Conclusion A hematological score >8 can be used as a predictor of sepsis in preterm neonates.

Study of CRP, ferritin, and D-dimer in COVID-19 RICU patients as per HRCT severity in assiut university hospitals

BackgroundInflammatory markers were found to be elevated in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). C-reactive protein (CRP), serum ferritin, and D-dimer levels may predict morbidity and mortality in (COVID-19) patients. Radiology plays a key role in the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of this disease. This study aimed to describe the radiological features of (COVID-19) infection, measure C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, and ferritin levels and to correlate them with patient’s outcome and to consider them as predictors of morbidity and mortality in (COVID-19) patients.MethodsThis prospective cross-sectional analytic study had been done on 159 patients aged ≥ 18 years old, admitted at Assiut University Hospital RICU from November 2021 to November 2022, diagnosed as COVID-19 by positive RT-PCR. All patients were categorized on bases of HRCT chest disease reporting and data system (CO-RADS) scoring system into non-severe (CO-RADS 1,2,3) and severe (CO-RADS 4,5) groups. Inflammatory markers such as CRP, ferritin, and D-dimer were measured. Age, sex, comorbidities, need to mechanical ventilation MV, and mortality rate were reported. Correlation between HRCT(CO-RADS) score, inflammatory markers, and patient’s outcome was assessed.ResultsHigher CRP and serum ferritin levels, lower lymphocytic count, and higher frequency of need for mechanical ventilation were significantly greater in the severe group (P < 0.0001). Predictors of morbidity and mortality were CRP ≥ 133 mg/dl, DM, presence of chronic chest disease (P < 0.0001). A higher mortality rate was in patients of the severe group (65%) versus (9%) in the non-severe group (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsHRCT scan and measurement of CRP and ferritin plasma levels can be considered significant predictors for future prognosis and can early identify patients at risk of death and need for MV. Male gender, presence of DM, and chronic chest diseases are risk factors for severe illness.

The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Self-Esteem and Well-Being Among the General Population of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Perceived social support refers to the subjective assessment of the extent to which an individual feels supported by others. It is a crucial factor that affects a person's mental health, as well as poor self-esteem, which is a common psychiatric complaint correlated with low perceived social support. As the field expands, a better understanding of the correlation between these factors and mental health is important. Aim This study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived social support, self-esteem, and well-being among the general population of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Subjects and methods This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among the targeted population using an online survey. The survey comprised 39 questions, including a validated Arabic version of the Perceived Social Support (PSS) scale, a validated Arabic version of the Self-Esteem Scale, and the Well-Being Scale. Results Of the 405 surveyed participants, 277 (68.4%) were female, and 217 (53.6%) were between 18 and 25 years old. A total of 254 (62.7%) had high PSS. However, 328 (81.0%) had low self-esteem, and 236 (58.3%) had poor well-being. There was a significant association between PSS and both self-esteem and well-being. Females, those with higher monthly incomes, and those with good well-being were less likely to have low to moderate PSS levels. Additionally, being married and engaging in physical activity were significant predictors of low self-esteem. Conclusion Although most of the population demonstrated high PSS, the results for self-esteem and well-being were less than desired. PSS significantly influenced psychological well-being but not self-esteem. Further evidence suggests that male participants with lower monthly incomes may need more social support than others. More research is needed to determine the influence of PSS on self-esteem and well-being among the general population in this region.

Assessment of indoor air pollution in causing respiratory illness among women residing in rural areas of Mysuru

Introduction: The use of inefficient and harmful fuels and technology within and outside the home is the primary cause of indoor air pollution. Approximately 2.4 billion people on the planet still cook over open flames and inefficient stoves using solid fuels and kerosene. The availability of cleaner cooking options varies more in rural than in metropolitan settings. Therefore, there is a need to determine the prevalence of indoor air pollution among rural women, its association with respiratory disorders, and the frequency of respiratory illnesses among rural women residing in houses with or without indoor air pollution. Materials and methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was done for a period of six months from June to November 2020. The study conducted in 210 households living in the rural field practice areas of JSS Medical College, Mysuru. For the selection of villages, a multistage random sampling technique was used. Three villages are selected from the rural setting: Suttur, Hadinaru, and Kadakola. The households were included by probability proportionate to the size sampling technique. Pre-tested, semi-structured, phase and content validated questionnaires were used to obtain the details on socio-demographic characteristics, meter values of indoor air pollutants like Particulate Matters (PM1, PM2.5, PM10) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), respectively with the factors affecting respiratory illness and the episodes of the illness. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS V.26. Results: The prevalence of indoor air pollution in the present study was 13.3%. In the homes of rural women, there was a statistically significant variation in the concentration of the three particulate matter sources that cause indoor air pollution. Additionally, among the women living in rural families, there was a statistically significant difference in the concentration of PM10 that caused respiratory disease. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated the higher concentrations of pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, and PM1.0, as well as their significant relation with indoor air pollution in rural families. To prevent indoor air pollution and its health risks, clean energy must be used for household needs.

Factors Associated with Intra Hospital Neonatal Mortality: A Case Study of the Neonatology Department at the Regional Hospital Center of Agadir (Morocco)

Background: Neonatal mortality (NNM) has significantly decreased in developed countries. However, it remains a major public health issue and a particular challenge in developing countries, with Morocco being no exception, as its NNM rate remains high. Objectives: This study aims to identify factors associated with NNM within the Neonatology Department at the Regional Hospital Center of Agadir. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study design was chosen. To determine factors associated with early NNM, we employed binary logistic regression in both univariate and multivariate analyses, including all statistically significant variables in the multivariate model. Results: Three hundred and eight deceased neonates were included. The intra-hospital NNM rate was 17.4%, 95% CI (13.2 - 21.7), during the period from 2018 to 2021. A predominance of early NNM (81.8%). 52.3% were females. 47.7% of the deceased had low birth weight. 65.9% of the cases had an Apgar score &lt; 7. 44.2% were resuscitated. The factors that were statistically associated with the risk of early NNM were as follows: Admission age ≤ 1 day (aOR: 17.87; 95% CI: 5.78 - 55.29), neonatal admission age 2 - 7 days (aOR: 6.64; 95% CI: 1.68 - 26.30). Intra-hospital referral (aOR: 4.49; 95% CI: 1.59 - 12.65); emergency consultations (aOR: 4.25; 95% CI: 1.28 - 14.01). Conclusions: Neonatal mortality remains a major public health challenge in Morocco. Different risk factors associated with NNM have been identified. Addressing these factors could reduce neonatal deaths in low-resource countries. For this reason, we need to intensify our efforts to develop reliable and precise approaches.

Self-identity explains better breastfeeding intention of ethnic pregnant mothers of Western Nepal: Extending the theory of planned behavior.

Breastfeeding intention is one of the strongest predictors of breastfeeding behavior and practice. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), with its main construct, behavioral intention, is useful to predict actual behavior. While the literature has examined the implications of other theoretical notions such as self-identity, moral norm, descriptive norm, and socio-demographic variables, their roles remain unclear. Similarly, research on ethnic and low-income mothers is even insufficient. Therefore, given the original TPB constructs, our goal was to examine the role of extra theoretical constructs and specific demographic variables, and observe whether the original model would alter. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out among 325 pregnant mothers in six purposively selected health care facilities of Kaski and Tanahu districts, using structured pro forma, from December 2018 to November 2019. We developed stepwise multivariate logistic regression from the entered and cleaned data, observed the effects on breastfeeding intention (BFI), and checked against multiple parameters. We interpreted the model with adjusted odds ratios and β coefficients, along with the variance explained. Out of 325 pregnant women, more than half (54.8%) were primiparous, and the mean age was 25.1±5 years. All three theoretical constructs of TPB regressed the BFI significantly, with 10.7%, the breastfeeding attitude dominating (β = 0.734, p = .003), and the other two constructs-perceived breastfeeding control (β = 0.659, p = .011) and breastfeeding subjective norm (β = 0.504, p = .045). Interestingly, breastfeeding self-identity added further variance of 5.2% (β = 0.955, p < .001), followed by income, with 3.2% (β = 0.856, p = .001), both of which also tallied large effect sizes. The model parameters showed consistency and robustness. We discuss the variables of the theoretical and extended model for BFI as well as the arguments for the explained variance. Self-identity is a strong and independent predictor of breastfeeding intention and, therefore, should be considered to better prepare for breastfeeding, especially among ethnic pregnant mothers. The direct and intermediate effects of self-concept and income need further study with more robust designs.

Erythrocyte membrane and breast milk fatty acid profile in lactating mothers: relationship with infant erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profile.

During the first thousand days of life, fetus and infant's nutrition depends on mother's diet. Polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) are important substrates in infant neurogenesis. We related erythrocyte membrane (EM) and breast milk fatty acids (FA) profile in lactating mothers with the EM FA profile in exclusively breastfed infants and evaluated maternal fat consumption. We conducted an observational, cross-sectional analytical study. During the 2016-2019 period, milk and blood samples from adult mothers 90 days post-partum and infant's blood were analysed, and FA were determined by GC. A frequency of consumption survey of fatty acids precursor foods and sources was conducted. The sample included forty-five mother-infant EM and forty-five milk samples donated by the same mothers. A low percentage of DHA (0·14 (0·12-0·2)) was found in milk, consistent with mother's low consumption of DHA-rich foods. A significant positive correlation between infant's EM DHA percentage and milk DHA percentage (r = 0·39; P value 0·008), as well as between infant's EM ω-3 fatty acids sum and milk DHA percentage (r = 0·39; P value 0·008), was found. When milk had a DHA percentage greater than or equal to 0·20 %, infants had a significant increase in DHA in their EM. Mother's consumption of DHA precursors and sources was NS. The relation between the DHA percentage distribution found in maternal milk, and the DHA percentage distribution found in infant's and mother's EM was proven in this population. Dietary fatty acid intake is associated with the maternal milk lipid distribution and with mothers' and infant's EM fatty acids percentage.

Community perception towards mental illness and help-seeking intention in Southwest Ethiopian Peoples Regional State.

Community perception of mental illness is a collective belief system and attitude about mental disorders; it affects the availability of services, the level of stigma, and the help-seeking intention. This study assessed community perceptions towards mental illness and help-seeking intentions in Southwest Ethiopia. A community-based analytical cross-sectional study was done in Southwest Ethiopian People's Regional State (SWEPRS), from March 1st to June 30th, 2021. All adult individuals >18 years old living in the region were the source population, while all adult >18 years old living in the selected household were the study population. The calculated sample size was 1028. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique. A structured, interview-based questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data were entered into Epidata Manager and exported to SPSS for analysis. The response rate for this study was 95.4%. The prevalence of poor perception and unfavorable help-seeking intention of mental illness were 45.8%, 95% CI (42.6, 48.9), and 49.5%, 95% CI (46.4, 52.7) respectively. Being rural [AOR = 1.94 (95% CI:(1.41, 2.66)]c, lack of information [AOR = 4.82(95% CI: (3.39,6.83)], exposure to mental illness [AOR = 4.11(95% CI:(2.64,6.38)] were significantly associated with poor perception of mental illness. Also, gating mental illness information [AOR = 0.40 (95% CI: (0.19, 0.83)], and being exposed to mental illness [AOR = 0.56 (95% CI: (0.41, 0.79)] were significantly associated with unfavorable help-seeking intentions for mental illness. The high prevalence of poor perceptions and unfavorable help-seeking intentions for mental illness can be minimized through providing tailored information regarding the cause, type, and severity of the problem, particularly in the rural areas.

Uptake of early infant HIV diagnosis and its associated factors in Tanzania: an analytical cross-sectional study

The uptake of early infant HIV diagnosis services is crucial for preventing mother to child transmission of virus, and timely management. However, the uptake of the services remains a global challenge, despite major advances in HIV testing. This study investigated the uptake of early infant HIV diagnosis and its associated factors among mothersof exposed infants. The results showed that the uptake of early infant HIV diagnosis was 76%. Factors associated with the uptake are caregivers being married, have higher income level and having adequate knowledge on early infant HIV diagnosis.

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Associated Factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Ethiopia

&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Background:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia, with treatment success rates consistently below the WHO target. Various factors contribute to poor treatment outcomes. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Objective:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; To assess treatment outcomes for TB and associated factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH) from 2017 to 2021. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Methods:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; An institutional-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using TB logbook data. After bivariable analysis, clinically relevant variables and variables with a p-value &amp;lt; 0.2 were included in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at p-value &amp;lt; 0.05. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Results:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; The overall successful treatment outcome (cured or completed) was 197 (83.1%). Factors significantly associated with poor treatment outcomes included age group 35 to 44 years (AOR=4.663; 95% CI: 1.215-17.901), extrapulmonary TB (AOR=3.451; 95% CI: 1.172-10.16), and registration in 2019 (AOR=4.367; 95% CI: 1.2-15.87). &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Conclusion:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; The treatment success rate falls short of the national target of 85%, highlighting the need for targeted improvements in TB management. The associations with age and extrapulmonary TB emphasize the necessity for focused control measures. Strengthening targeted TB programs at ZMH is recommended.

The relationship between moral distress and clinical care quality among nurses: an analytical cross-sectional study

BackgroundNurses constitute the largest group of service providers in the healthcare system and significantly influence the quality of healthcare services. Factors such as ethical considerations may be related to the quality of care. This study aimed to determine the relationship between moral distress and the quality of clinical care among nurses working in Gonabad, Iran.MethodsAn analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 252 nurses working in emergency, internal medicine, surgery, psychiatry, critical care and maternity wards at Allameh Bohlool Hospital from May to July 2023. This research used demographic information questionnaire, the revised Moral Distress Scale (MDS-R), and the Quality Patient Care Scale (QUALPAC). The significance level for the study was set at p < 0.05.ResultsThere was a significant relationship between the frequency of moral distress and the quality of clinical care (p = 0.032), as well as between the intensity of moral distress and the quality of clinical care (p = 0.043). Nurses who experienced moral distress more frequently and intensely provided better quality care. However, there was no significant relationship between the effect of moral distress and the quality of clinical care (r = 0.032, p = 0.619). Additionally, a significant statistical relationship was found between the intensity of moral distress and the physical dimension of clinical care quality (r = 0.171, p = 0.007), indicating that increased moral distress intensity was associated with higher quality of physical care.ConclusionsNurses who experience higher levels of moral distress, both in terms of frequency and intensity, perform better in the care they provide and deliver it in the best possible manner, particularly in the physical dimension of care.

Differences in body dissatisfaction between individuals with and without stigma toward obesity: A study of preadolescents and adolescents.

Previous studies have focused on understanding the biopsychosocial implications of obesity stigma and have made proposals to minimize its negative consequences, as well as recommendations to eliminate or reduce this stigma; however, knowing which individuals stigmatize obesity and why will allow us to have a broader picture of stigmatization and thus help in planning interventions with greater impact. The aims were to describe the stigmatization toward obesity in preadolescents and adolescents and to determine whether there are differences in body dissatisfaction, abnormal eating behaviors and self-esteem among those with and without stigma toward obesity. A total of 307 preadolescents and 349 adolescents answered a set of questionnaires that evaluated abnormal eating behaviors, body dissatisfaction, self-esteem and stigma. Fifty-nine percent of the participants stigmatized individuals with obesity, with preadolescents having the greatest stigma levels. Differences were observed only in body dissatisfaction, where the group of preadolescents who stigmatized individuals with obesity and the group of adolescents who did not stigmatize individuals with obesity reported higher levels of body dissatisfaction. Obesity is stigmatized at early ages, regardless of sex; however, preadolescents with stigma toward obesity and adolescents without stigma toward obesity have greater body dissatisfaction, indicating that body dissatisfaction plays a crucial role in the stigmatization of obesity. Level V, cross-sectional analytical study.

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients at a hospital in Tacna, Peru

ObjectiveThis study aims to provide an overview of antiretroviral therapy adherence and its related factors within a hospital in southern Peru. Materials and methodsWe conducted an analytical cross-sectional study spanning from April to October 2022. This study involved a review of medical records and the administration of a survey to individuals living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Adherence to antiretroviral treatment was assessed using the CEAT-HIV (Questionnaire for the Evaluation of Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence), and was categorized as high, adequate, insufficient, or low. The statistical analysis included the calculation of crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs). ResultsOur study comprised 300 participants, with a median age of 30 years, predominantly male (78.3 %). Among these individuals, 83 % exhibited low or insufficient adherence to antiretroviral treatment according to the CEAT-VIH scale. Notably, patients with a viral load >50,000 copies/ml scored higher on the CEAT-VIH scale than those with a viral load <400 (adjusted PR: 2.78, 95 % CI: 1.21 to 6.40). Furthermore, a higher level of education and a viral load below 400 copies/ml were associated to higher scores in the treatment compliance dimension of the CEAT-VIH scale. ConclusionEight out of ten evaluated patients exhibited low or insufficient adherence. While lower adherence was correlated with lower education, the connection between viral load and adherence remains inconclusive.

HUBUNGAN ASUPAN MAKAN, DURASI TIDUR DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN STATUS GIZI KARYAWAN TOKO RITEL KOTA BATAM TAHUN 2023

Background: Nutritional status remains a global issue, including in Indonesia. Nutritional status is influenced by several factors, namely food intake, sleep duration, and unbalanced physical activity, which can lead to either excessive or insufficient nutritional status. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary intake, sleep duration, and physical activity with the nutritional status of retail store employees in Batam City in 2023. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional analytical study with accidental sampling technique involving 60 samples. Food intake is measured using a semi-qualitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), sleep duration is measured using a questionnaire on average weekly sleep duration, physical activity is measured using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and nutritional status is measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI) by measuring weight and height. Data analysis using correlation gamma test. Results: The correlation gamma test results indicate a significant relationship between food intake and nutritional status with a p-value of 0.000 (p ≤ 0.05)(r=0,919). However, the relationship between sleep duration and nutritional status resulted in a p-value of 0.137 (p &gt; 0.05)(r = -0,284), and the relationship between physical activity and nutritional status resulted in a p-value of 0.758 (p&gt;0.05)(r = -0,067). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between food intake and the nutritional status of retail store employees in Batam City in 2023. However, there is no significant relationship between sleep duration, physical activity, and the nutritional status of retail store employees in Batam City in 2023. Keywords: Nutritional Status, Food Intake, Sleep Duration, Physical Activity

Is double-J stent mandatory in complete supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy for adult patients with staghorn renal stones?

It is controversial whether double-J (DJ) stent insertion is necessary in tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for patients with staghorn stones. We compared the outcomes of using ureteral catheters and double-J stents in tubeless complete supine PCNL (csPCNL) of staghorn stones. In this analytical cross-sectional study, from May 2008 to August 2022, 123 patients who underwent tubeless csPCNL were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups by either tubeless csPCNL with DJ stent (Group I; n = 23) or totally tubeless just with perioperative ureteral stent (Group II; n = 100). Demographic characteristics, stone-related factors, perioperative and postoperative parameters were compared in groups. Baseline characteristics were comparable in groups. The operative time in group I was significantly longer than group II (68.26 vs. 55.25min, P = 0.05). However, the duration of hospitalization in Group I was shorter than the other group (1.81 vs. 2.37 days, P = 0.03). Stone free rate was notably higher in Group I (90.5% vs. 79.8.0%) with no statistically significant difference. No significant differences were found in major complications. Patients in Group II had a significantly shorter time to return to normal life (6.48 vs. 7.91day; P = 0.043). Multivariable linear regression showed the preoperative creatinine level and stone size can affect the operative time (P = 0.02). In addition, stone number and underlying disease can affect the length of hospital stay (P = 0.007 & 0.030, respectively). Although not inserting a double J stent after csPCNL has acceptable results, because of higher residual rate in staghorn stone which cause more incidence of renal colic, longer time of hospital stay and return to normal life, inserting DJ stent is recommended.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA DERAJAT HIPERTENSI DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI RUMAH SAKIT PMI KOTA BOGOR

Background: According to the Ministry of Health (2021), Hypertension or high blood pressure is characterized by an increase in systolic blood pressure exceeding 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure exceeding 90 mmHg in two measurements taken five minutes apart in a sufficiently rested/quiet state. Poor sleep quality occurs due to increased cortisol hormone, caused by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which enhances vasoconstrictor effects (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that influence the increase in blood pressure. Individuals with good sleep quality tend to experience a better quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship between the degree of hypertension and sleep quality in hypertensive patients at PMI Hospital Bogor City in 2023. Method: This is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional analytical study design. The sampling technique used in this study is non-probability sampling with a sample size of 82 individuals using accidental sampling. Sleep quality was measured using the PSQI questionnaire. Data analysis employed univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square statistical test. Results: The Chi-square test analysis for the relationship between the degree of hypertension and sleep quality in hypertensive patients yielded a p-value of 0.115 (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, it is concluded that there is no significant relationship between the degree of hypertension and sleep quality in hypertensive patients at PMI Hospital Bogor City in 2023. Keywords: Hypertension Severity; Sleep Quality; PSQI

Factors associated with the perception of university social responsibility among dental students from two universities in the Peruvian capital: a multivariable regression analysis

Students play a key role in university social responsibility (USR), as they are the protagonists of change and the fundamental axis in the teaching-learning process. This study aims to assess the factors associated with the perception of university social responsibility among dental students from two universities in the Peruvian capital. This analytical cross-sectional study assessed 754 students from two Peruvian universities between May and July 2023. The study utilized a validated 51-item questionnaire to assess sociodemographic factors and dental students’ perception of USR. A Poisson regression model with robust variance and prevalence ratio (PR) was used to assess the influence of variables such as age, sex, marital status, type of university, academic year, and awareness of taking subjects related to USR. The significance was set at p < 0.05. The perception of USR was rated as poor, fair, and good by 16%, 67%, and 17% of the participants, respectively. According to the study, dental students from public universities were 68% more likely to perceive their USR education as poor than those from private universities (APR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.06–2.66), and those who were aware of taking MSR-related courses were 37% less likely to perceive their USR education as poor (APR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.40–0.98). Similarly, dental students attending public universities were 2.28 times more likely to perceive poor organizational management in USR compared to their counterparts at private universities (APR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.51–3.44). Additionally, students in their first and second academic years were 62% and 57% less likely to perceive poor organizational management in USR compared to those in their sixth year (APR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.19–0.79 and APR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20–0.95; respectively). Furthermore, students from public universities were 2.31 times more likely to perceive social participation in USR poorly compared to their counterparts from private universities (APR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.63–3.26). Lastly, it was observed that students from public universities were 2.51 times more likely to have a poor overall perception of USR compared to students from private universities (APR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.67–3.78). Acknowledging the diverse contexts and challenges inherent in public and private institutions, it can be concluded that more than half of the dental students had a fair perception of USR. Additionally, attending a public university was found to be a risk factor for having a poor perception of USR. However, taking a course related to USR and being in the early years of the program were identified as protective factors against a poor perception of organizational training and management in USR. It is recommended that students be involved in USR activities, including the Sustainable Development Goals, from the first years of their university education, especially in public universities.

8102 Hyperandrogenism and its Influence on Emotional and Social Development in Adolescent Daughters of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Disclosure: J.P. del Rio: None. R. Gonzalo: None. M. Maliqueo: None. B. Echiburu: None. A. Ladron de Guevara: None. P. Gaspar: None. M. Alejandro: None. N.R. Crisosto: None. Introduction: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in adolescents. PCOS is characterized by hyperandrogenism, which can modulate brain maturation, especially in highly neuronal plasticity periods, such as intra-uterine life and adolescence. Daughters of women with PCOS (dPCOS) will probably be exposed to hyperandrogenism during these two periods. However, the effects of hyperandrogenism on psychosocial development have not yet been fully characterized. Objectives: To characterize the consequences of hyperandrogenism in the emotional status and social cognition (SC) on dPCOS. Methods/Design: Analytical cross-sectional study. dPCOS and controls between 12 to 25 years old were recruited. Participants underwent a complete clinical evaluation, serum hormone determinations (including total testosterone, SHBG, androstenedione, 17-OH-progesterone, and OGTT-I with 4 collections (0’-30’-90’-120´)) and ovarian ultrasound characterization. Emotional status and SC were estimated by measurements of affects (PANAS), strength and difficulties (SDQ), self-reported empathy (EQ/SQ and AQ), and gaze patterns measurement via Eye-Tracking (while completing an emotional recognition task). Results: 33 participants were recruited, 15 cases and 18 controls. Median age was 17 and 18 years, respectively. The dPCOS presented a larger anogenital distance (cm) (9.7 vs 7.8; p=0.014), Ferryman-Gallwey score mean (13.0 vs 2.0; p=&amp;lt;0.001) and free androgen index value (7.5 vs 4.1; p=0.004), suggesting hyperandrogenism exposure during intrauterine and adolescence periods. Regarding emotional status and SC, dPCOS exhibited a predominantly negative affective status (PANAS 8.0 vs 2.0, p=0.049) and a higher score in socio-emotional problems (SDQ 2,5 vs 1,5; p=0,047). The eye-tracking registration showed that dPCOS presented a longer time to first fixation in areas of interest (s) (0,35 vs 0,28; p=0,037), which was associated with a worse endpoint in emotional recognition (aR2=-0,920; f=19,48; Pr &amp;gt;|t|=&amp;lt;0,049). Furthermore, the 2D:4D ratio (intrauterine marker of androgen exposure) and insulin levels at 60’ were correlated with a predominance of negative affects (rho=0,51; p=0,019 and rho= -0,48; p=0,035), and 2D:4D ratio was also correlated with less prosocial behaviors (coef=-2,39; P&amp;gt;|t|=0,049). Conclusions: Clinical and hormonal markers suggest that dPCOS are exposed to hyperandrogenism during the most critical neuroplasticity periods. This exposure is associated with a predominance of negative affects, more social-emotional difficulties and worse performance on emotional recognition and prosocial behavior. Considering PCOS patient’s elevated psychiatric comorbidity, early mental health intervention becomes crucial, underscoring the necessity for in-depth study on hyperandrogenism's impacts on psychosocial development. Presentation: 6/3/2024

7796 The Profile And Associated Risk Factors Of Diabetic Foot Disease Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Seen At Outpatient Clinics In A Tertiary Private Hospital In Quezon City, Philippines

Abstract Disclosure: D.C. Lopez: None. K.T. Lim: None. B.C. S.: None. O.C. Dampil: None. The Profile and Associated Risk Factors of Diabetic Foot Disease Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Seen at Outpatient Clinics in a Tertiary Private Hospital in Manila, Philippines. Background: Diabetic foot disease is a debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus and is a major source of morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. Determining the risk factors of diabetic foot ulcer is important to prevent the devastating consequences among patients with diabetes. This study aims to determine the profile and associated risk factors of diabetic foot disease among patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus being seen in private specialty clinics. Methodology: A single center, analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at outpatient clinics in a tertiary private hospital in the Philippines. Clinical information and laboratory results were obtained during the time of consult; and patients were classified as either low risk, moderate risk, high risk for diabetic foot disease or in active foot disease. Interaction between various risk factors was explored by multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 129 adult patients with diabetes mellitus were evaluated using the Diabetes Foot Screening and Risk Stratification Tool from January to May 2021. The demographic and clinical profile of the study showed that proportion of patients with neuropathy (χ2=60.66, p=0.001), long duration of diabetes (F=5.92, p=0.004), and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (F=3.70, p=0.023) was significantly higher in patients with moderate to high risk for diabetic foot disease. Univariate polynomial logistic regression analyses showed that neuropathy greatly increased the odds of having moderate (OR=115.63, p=0.001) and high risk stratification (OR=166.50, p=0.001). Other factors were also noted to affect the risk stratification for diabetic foot disease such as duration of diabetes (OR=1.09, p=0.004) and hypertension (OR=2.45, p=0.027). On the other hand, normal eGFR (OR=–1.02, p=0.011), left normal ankle brachial pressure index (OR=–4.32, p=0.042), and good glycemic control (OR=–5.41, p=0.050) significantly decrease the likelihood of having high risk stratification for diabetic patients. Conclusion: Those most susceptible to developing high risk for diabetic foot disease were patients with neuropathy, hypertension, and long duration of diabetes. High-risk patients with the given profile should be followed closely in order to prevent complications brought by diabetes. Keywords:Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic foot disease, Foot ulcer Presentation: 6/3/2024