Cross-linking Method Research Articles

Dual-stimuli-responsive poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers for localized cancer treatment: Magnetic hyperthermia and drug release studies

Smart materials are a promising option for a more personalized cancer treatment approach. In particular, materials that can respond to an external stimulus may be manipulated to provide a tailored response when and where it is needed. This work confined thermoresponsive poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) microgels and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles into poly (vinyl alcohol) nanofibrous membranes. Physical and chemical crosslinking methods were tested to obtain membranes stable in physiological environments for long-term applications, and their effect on the membranes' morphology, swelling, and mechanical properties was evaluated. The results demonstrated that thermal crosslinking for 10 min is enough to obtain a robust membrane for biomedical applications that retain their components' magnetic and thermal responses. The swelling degree decreases with the increase of crosslinking time and is even smaller for chemically crosslinked membranes. Similarly, a high crosslinking degree is associated with more brittle membranes than ductile membranes with thermal crosslinking. Drug delivery assays using doxorubicin as a model drug demonstrated that only membranes with a smaller crosslinking degree are suitable for drug delivery purposes, with about 10 % of doxorubicin released for 15 days. Additionally, magnetic hyperthermia assays showed that composite membranes can increase the surrounding temperature by 10 °C in only 10 min of applying an alternating magnetic field. This work demonstrates the potential of combining stimuli-responsive materials using a simple, low-cost, and easily scalable technique (electrospinning) to produce smart materials for biomedical applications.

Effects of polyphenol and gelatin types on the physicochemical properties and emulsion stabilization of polyphenol-crosslinked gelatin conjugates

Herein, six types of polyphenol-crosslinked gelatin conjugates (PGCs) with ≥ two gelatin molecules were prepared using a covalent crosslinking method with two types of polyphenols (tannic acid and caffeic acid) and three types of gelatins (bovine bone gelatin, cold water fish skin gelatin, and porcine skin gelatin) for the emulsion stabilization. The structural and functional properties of the PGCs were dependent on both polyphenol and gelatin types. The storage stability of the conjugate-stabilized emulsions was dependent on the polyphenol crosslinking, NaCl addition, and heating pretreatment. In particular, NaCl addition promoted the liquid-gel transition of the emulsions: 0.2 mol/L > 0.1 mol/L > 0.0 mol/L. Moreover, NaCl addition also increased the creaming stability of the emulsions stabilized by PGCs except tannic acid-crosslinked bovine bone gelatin conjugate. All the results provided useful knowledge on the effects of molecular modification and physical processing on the properties of gelatins.

Quercetin-crosslinked chitosan nanoparticles: a potential treatment for allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis (AR) remains a major health problem worldwide. Compared with traditional oral drugs, nasal administration avoids first-pass metabolism and achieve faster and more effective efficacy. In this study, we used the ion crosslinking method to prepare quercetin–chitosan nasal adaptive nanomedicine (QCS) delivery system and evaluated in the treatment of allergic rhinitis mice models. The obtained positively charged nanoparticles with a particle size of 229.2 ± 0.2 nm have excellent characteristics in encapsulation efficiency (79.604%), drug loading rate (14.068%), drug release (673.068 μg) and stability(> 7 days). Excitingly, QCS treatment significantly reduced the number of sneezing and nasal rubbing events in AR mice, while reducing the levels of inflammatory factors such as immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin (IL)-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and (IL)-6 to alleviate AR symptoms. Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining also showed the damaged nasal mucosa was improved. These experimental results suggest that QCS can effectively suppress allergic inflammation in a mouse model and hold promise as a therapeutic option for allergic rhinitis.

Construction of PDA-PEI/ZIF-L@PE tight ultra-filtration (TUF) membranes on porous polyethylene (PE) substrates for efficient dye/salt separation

Tight ultra-filtration (TUF) membranes were constructed by in situ growing zinc imidazole frameworks micro-crystalline leaves (ZIF-L) in polyethylene imine (PEI) and polydopamine (PDA) deposit layers on porous polyethylene (PE) substrates. The effects of preparation conditions on the surface physical and chemical structures as well as on the dye/salt separation performance of the formed TUF membranes were systematically investigated. By inserting selective water permeation channels and increasing contacting surface areas, in situ-grown ZIF-L arrays tightly cross-linked in the coating matrix greatly increased water permeation without trading off dye/salt retention selectivity. The morphology of the included ZIF-L particles could be varied by adjusting the ligand/Zn molar ratio (α) in the preparation processes. Optimized PDA-PEI/ZIF-L@PE TUF membranes containing ZIF-L of cross-cross block morphology showed very high pure water permeability of 180 ± 20 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1 (LMHB) and retention selectivity (SCR/Na2SO4 and SMB/Na2SO4) of 267 and 43, respectively, as well as excellent stability and anti-fouling properties.

Preparation and Evaluation of Chitosan Microspheres Containing Levofloxacin

Objectives: The objective of present study was to develop chitosan-based sustained release Levofloxacin microspheres to reduce the dosing frequency. Materials and Methods: The Levofloxacin -loaded microspheres were prepared by emulsification cross-linking method using glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent. Accurately weighed quantity of Chitosan was dissolved in 1% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid. Results: The percentage yield of the emulsification cross-linking method was determined to be between 74 and 81.5 percent, and the spherical microspheres had particle sizes ranging from 2 m to 200 m. According to the in vitro dissolution analysis of the improved formulation (F2) (table 7.8), when the medication was enclosed in Chitosan microspheres, 95 percent of the formulation was released after 12 hours, demonstrating that the drug is released from the formulation in a controlled way. Conclusions: The percentage of entrapment effectiveness, particle size, and percentage of drug release were significantly impacted by the drug: polymer ratio and GA volume. According to research using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microspheres were round and had a smooth surface. Nicorandil-loaded chitosan microsphere formulations released their drugs via fickian diffusion.

Cross-Linking Methods of the Silk Protein Hydrogel in Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Tissue Regeneration.

Craniomaxillofacial tissue defects are clinical defects involving craniomaxillofacial and oral soft and hard tissues. They are characterized by defect-shaped irregularities, bacterial and inflammatory environments, and the need for functional recovery. Conventional clinical treatments are currently unable to achieve regeneration of high-quality oral craniomaxillofacial tissue. As a natural biomaterial, silk fibroin (SF) has been widely studied in biomedicine and has broad prospects for use in tissue regeneration. Hydrogels made of SF showed excellent water retention, biocompatibility, safety and the ability to combine with other materials. To gain an in-depth understanding of the current development of SF, this article reviews the structure, preparation and application prospects in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissue regenerative medicine. It first briefly introduces the structure of SF and then summarizes the principles, advantages and disadvantages of the different cross-linking methods (physical cross-linking, chemical cross-linking and double network structure) of SF. Finally, the existing research on the use of SF in tissue engineering and the prospects of using SF with different cross-linking methods in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissue regeneration are also discussed. This review is intended to show the advantages of SF hydrogels in tissue engineering and provides theoretical support for establishing novel and viable silk protein hydrogels for regeneration.

Tuning the Mechanical and Functional Properties of Pea Protein-Based Bioplastics via Different Physical and Chemical Cross-Linking Methods

Tuning the Mechanical and Functional Properties of Pea Protein-Based Bioplastics via Different Physical and Chemical Cross-Linking Methods

Adhesive Nanoparticle-in-Microgel System with ROS Scavenging Capability and Hemostatic Activity for Postoperative Adhesion Prevention.

Postoperative adhesion is a noteworthy clinical complication in abdominal surgery due to the existing physical barriers are unsatisfactory and inefficient in preventing its occurrence. In this work, an elaborate nanoparticle-in-microgel system (nMGel) is presented for postoperative adhesion prevention. nMGel is facilely formed by crosslinking manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoparticles-loaded gelatin microspheres with polydopamine using a modified emulsification-chemical crosslinking method, generating a nano-micron spherical hydrogel. After drying, powdery nMGel with sprayability can perfectly cover irregular wounds and maintains robust tissue adhesiveness even in a wet environment. Additionally, nMGel possesses prominent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity, which protects cell viability and preserves cell biological functions in an oxidative microenvironment. Furthermore, nMGel displays superior hemostatic property as demonstrated in mouse tail amputation models and liver trauma models. Importantly, nMGel can be conveniently administrated in a mouse cecal defect model to prevent adhesion between the injured cecum and the peritoneum by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, collagen synthesis, and angiogenesis. Thus, the bioactive nMGel offers a practical and efficient approach for ameliorating postsurgical adhesion.

Application of Chitosan-Based Hydrogel in Promoting Wound Healing: A Review.

Chitosan is a linear polyelectrolyte with active hydroxyl and amino groups that can be made into chitosan-based hydrogels by different cross-linking methods. Chitosan-based hydrogels also have a three-dimensional network of hydrogels, which can accommodate a large number of aqueous solvents and biofluids. CS, as an ideal drug-carrying material, can effectively encapsulate and protect drugs and has the advantages of being nontoxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable. These advantages make it an ideal material for the preparation of functional hydrogels that can act as wound dressings for skin injuries. This review reports the role of chitosan-based hydrogels in promoting skin repair in the context of the mechanisms involved in skin injury repair. Chitosan-based hydrogels were found to promote skin repair at different process stages. Various functional chitosan-based hydrogels are also discussed.

Mapping protein-RNA binding in plants with individual-nucleotide-resolution UV cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (plant iCLIP2).

Despite crucial roles of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in plant physiology and development, methods for determining their transcriptome-wide binding landscape are less developed than those used in other model organisms. Cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) methods (based on UV-mediated generation of covalent bonds between RNAs and cognate RBPs in vivo, purification of the cross-linked complexes and identification of the co-purified RNAs by high-throughput sequencing) have been applied mainly in mammalian cells growing in monolayers or in translucent tissue. We have developed plant iCLIP2, an efficient protocol for performing individual-nucleotide-resolution CLIP (iCLIP) in plants, tailored to overcome the experimental hurdles posed by plant tissue. We optimized the UV dosage to efficiently cross-link RNA and proteins in plants and expressed epitope-tagged RBPs under the control of their native promoters in loss-of-function mutants. We select epitopes for which nanobodies are available, allowing stringent conditions for immunopurification of the RNA-protein complexes to be established. To overcome the inherently high RNase content of plant cells, RNase inhibitors are added and the limited RNA fragmentation step is modified. We combine the optimized isolation of RBP-bound RNAs with iCLIP2, a streamlined protocol that greatly enhances the efficiency of library preparation for high-throughput sequencing. Plant researchers with experience in molecular biology and handling of RNA can complete this iCLIP2 protocol in ~5 d. Finally, we describe a bioinformatics workflow to determine targets of Arabidopsis RBPs from iCLIP data, covering all steps from downloading sequencing reads to identifying cross-linking events ( https://github.com/malewins/Plant-iCLIPseq ), and present the R/Bioconductor package BindingSiteFinder to extract reproducible binding sites ( https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/BindingSiteFinder.html ).

Ultra-low temperature-responsive liquid crystal elastomers with tunable drive temperature range

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) have recently gained significant attention in the field of smart materials due to their ability to respond to external stimuli, offering substantial potential for practical applications in soft robotics and bioengineering where actuation and sensing are crucial. However, conventional LCEs typically have high driving thresholds, significantly limiting their practical utility. Thus, reducing the driving temperature of LCEs remains a critical challenge in current research. In contrast to complex chemical molecular modifications aimed at lowering the driving threshold, our work employs a straightforward one-step cross-linking method to synthesize bisacrylate LCEs with varying compositions. These LCEs exhibit remarkably low driving temperatures and improved actuation performance. The monofunctional and difunctional acrylate liquid crystal mixtures employed in our experiments possess different ranges of anisotropy and can be effectively incorporated into the liquid crystal elastomers. Following polymerization, these LCEs demonstrate actuation capabilities at temperatures as low as −18 °C while maintaining excellent performance even at elevated temperatures of up to 60 °C. Moreover, in a series of 50 repeat experiments, the LCEs exhibited exceptional repeatability with a minimal error rate of 2.0 %. Additionally, the introduction of carbon nanotubes into the LCEs resulted in achieving a significant angular deflection of up to 100° within a narrow range of low light intensities, specifically between 26.19 mW cm−2 and 32.38 mW cm−2, highlighting the continued effectiveness of these materials even with this modification.

Novel nanoparticle CS-C60-Fe3O4 magnetically induces tissue-specific aggregation and enhances thermal ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma

Metallofullerenes are an important type of metallic nanomaterial with promising applications in several medical fields. Thermal ablation, including radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA), is an important treatment strategy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The thermal expansion of fullerenes makes them good adjuncts to thermal ablation treatment of HCC. In this study, we used an innovative method of emulsification and cross-linking to produce CS-C60-Fe3O4 (Chitosan-C60-Fe3O4) nanoparticles, which have the advantages of uniform particle size and high bioavailability, as a kind of novel nano-pharmaceutical. The CS-C60-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by the cross-linking reaction from chitosan–acetic acid solution, Fe3O4 nanoparticles by Fe2SO4·7H2O and FeCl3·6H2O, and C60. The average particle size of CS-C60-Fe3O4 was 194.3 nm. Because CS-C60-Fe3O4 is magnetic, it can achieve specific and tissue aggregation in HCC tumor tissues. Moreover, compared with normal soluble C60 (EL35-C60), CS-C60-Fe3O4 prolonged the retention time of C60 in the blood of mice. CS-C60-Fe3O4 alone is not cytotoxic to cultured cells or tumor tissues, but when combined with thermal ablation strategies (RFA and MWA), it significantly upregulates the antitumor effects of thermal ablation on HCC tissues, that is, it acts as a sensitiser to thermal ablation. In the presence of thermal ablation, CS-C60-Fe3O4 interfered with iron metabolism in HCC cells and induced ferroptosis of HCC cells in the tumor tissues. These results not only expand our understanding of metallofullerenes but also provide additional options for the treatment of advanced HCC.

Strategies for decellularization, re-cellularIzation and crosslinking in liver bioengineering.

Liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment for end-stage liver disease and its availability is restricted by organ donor shortages. The development of liver bioengineering provides the probability to create a functional alternative to reduce the gap in organ demand and supply. Decellularized liver scaffolds have been widely applied in bioengineering because they can mimic the native liver microenvironment and retain extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Multiple approaches including chemical, physical and biological methods have been developed for liver decellularization in current studies, but a full set of unified criteria has not yet been established. Each method has its advantages and drawbacks that influence the microstructure and ligand landscape of decellularized liver scaffolds. Optimizing a decellularization method to eliminate cell material while retaining as much of the ECM intact as possible is therefore important for biological scaffold applications. Furthermore, crosslinking strategies can improve the biological performance of scaffolds, including reinforcing biomechanics, delaying degradation in vivo and reducing immune rejection, which can better promote the integration of re-cellularized scaffolds with host tissue and influence the reconstruction process. In this review, we aim to present the different liver decellularization techniques, the crosslinking methods to improve scaffold characteristics with crosslinking and the preparation of soluble ECM.

Sustainably sourced, water-soluble biofilms based on keratin constructed through two crosslinking modes: Turning waste into useful materials

Bio-based packaging films prepared from sustainable sources have attracted much more attention as a potential strategy to address the increasingly serious plastic pollution problems. In this paper, keratin (FK) extracted from waste chicken feathers and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) extracted from papers were used to construct water-soluble biofilms through physical and chemical crosslinking methods respectively, which can be adapted to different packaging scenarios. In the physical crosslinking manner, anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used to protect sulfhydryl, avoiding disulfide bonding compounding, and promote the dispersion of FK molecules, ensuring the subsequent assembly of FK with CNCs and glycerol to enhance the mechanical properties and water solubility of the films. Ultrasound accelerated the construction of a three-dimensional hydrogen bonding network, the formed FK/CNCs films showed exceptional tenacity and water-solubility. In the second manner, chemical crosslinking was achieved between FK and oxidated CNCs (OCNCs) through the Schiff base reaction, by which the tensile strength and elongation at break of the films could be highly enhanced, while the films could still be dispersed in water easily. By combining the two crosslinking modes, sustainable biofilms adapted to different packaging scenarios could be prepared by changing the components and ratios. As a kind of typical biofilm, keratin-based water-soluble films have high application potential in many fields, might pave the way for the development of novel sustainable smart packaging products.

Comparison of Structural, Water-Retaining and Sorption Properties of Acrylamide-Based Hydrogels Cross-Linked by Physical and Chemical Methods.

Two series of hydrogels based on acrylamide and its copolymers with acrylonitrile and acrylic acid were synthesized by two cross-linking methods - chemical (using N,N'-methylene bis-acrylamide) and physical (using montmorillonite (MMT)) ones. The structure of the gels was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The swelling and sorption properties were analyzed as a function of both the monomer composition and the cross-linking method. The shift of the band corresponding to Si-O (995-1030 cm-1 ) confirmed the formation of intercalation structures for MMT-cross-linked gels. Moreover, physically cross-linked gels demonstrated a non-monotonic dependence of the swelling degree on the MMT concentration, and acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer MMT-cross-linked gels showed pH sensitivity and the highest swelling degree of 150 g/g. The highest sorption capacity towards cadmium(II) ions was demonstrated by acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer gels, both covalently cross-linked (30 mg/g) and MMT-cross-linked (8.9 mg/g).

Applying In Situ Ionic Crosslinking in Bioprinting Using Algae Cells

Abstract Bioprinting using algae cells has many potential applications including tissue engineering, environmental engineering, contaminant removal from water, and establishing space habitats. In extrusion-based bioprinting, bioink needs to be crosslinked after being extruded from the nozzle for printed constructs to first achieve and then maintain adequate shape fidelity. Crosslinking methods used in reported studies on algae-contained bioinks include both photo-crosslinking and ionic crosslinking. This paper reports a preliminary study where the coaxial nozzle-based in situ ionic crosslinking method was used in bioprinting of algae cells without additional crosslinking of printed samples for the first time. In comparison with photo-crosslinking, in situ ionic crosslinking can minimize bioink preparation time and complexity, eliminate cells’ exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and reduce the number of post-printing steps. In this preliminary study, the bioink was an alginate solution containing algae (Chlorella vulgaris) cells, and the crosslinking solution was a calcium chloride solution. The coaxial nozzle had two nozzles: inner and outer nozzles. In printing, the bioink was delivered through the outer nozzle while the crosslinking solution was delivered through the inner nozzle. The shape of the printed samples was a square block with dimensions of 30 × 30 × 10 mm. It was observed that, 9 days after printing, the algae cells grew within the printed samples, and the samples could keep their shapes relatively well. Many knowledge gaps exist regarding the effects of input variables in bioprinting of algae cells using this method. This paper discusses future research directions to fill these knowledge gaps.

Antimicrobial peptide-modified AIE visual composite wound dressing for promoting rapid healing of infected wounds.

Wound infection is a major problem faced during wound healing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop wound dressings with excellent antimicrobial properties. Here, a smart response system of PVA-TPE/HA-AMP/SF/ALG wound dressing was prepared by a combination of chemical cross-linking and freeze-drying methods. We grafted AMP onto HA to endow the wound dressing with bacterial resistance and slow release of AMP. At the same time, the system detects bacterial activity in real time for precise antimicrobial activity (through the use of PVA-TPE) and modulates inflammation to reduce bacterial infection (through the use of AMP). In addition, the PVA-TPE/HA-AMP/SF/ALG wound dressing has a good three-dimensional mesh structure, which promotes cell proliferation, enhances collagen deposition and angiogenesis, and thus effectively promotes rapid healing of infected wounds. Moreover, it can induce the expression of inflammatory factors such as VEGF, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4 and TGF-β1 in infected wounds through the Wnt/CAMK/p-PKC signaling pathway, inhibit inflammatory responses, promote wound healing and reduce scar formation. Therefore, the PVA-TPE/HA-AMP/SF/ALG wound dressing smart response system shows great promise in infected wound healing.

Trace Cu (II) removal from N-methylpyrrolidone with hydrogel rich in O, N and S active sites

The presence of a considerable quantity of metal ions in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) applied for the cleaning of electronic devices, especially chips, results in a breakdown effect, thus affecting their overall durability and performance. Here, hydrogel that rich in O, N, and S active sites was prepared, which can effectively remove trace amounts of Cu (II) from N-methylpyrrolidone. The material was synthesized through a one-pot crosslinking and ion exchange method and is named SLH. The physicochemical properties and adsorption experiments were conducted. It was found that SLH-2 exhibited outstanding Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of 136.99 mg/g at an initial Cu (II) concentration of 200 mg/L. By utilizing SLH-2 in electronic grade adsorption experiments, concentration of trace Cu (II) decreased from 12.3 μg/L to 5.39 μg/L. Additionally, concentration of Zn, Fe, Mg, and Ni significantly reduced to less than 1 μg/L, with –NH2 and –COOH playing crucial roles in the adsorption process. The research results indicate that predominant adsorption mechanisms are surface coordination and ion exchange. The adsorption energy between active functional groups and Cu (II) was calculated using density functional theory (DFT), revealing an affinity order of –COOH > –SO3H > –NH2 > –OH. This work not only developed an adsorbent for capturing trace Cu (II), but also provided new strategies for the removal of metal ions in wet chemicals.

Improvement of the Antioxidant and Antitumor Activities of Benzimidazole-Chitosan Quaternary Ammonium Salt on Drug Delivery Nanogels.

The present study focused on the design and preparation of acid-responsive benzimidazole-chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (BIMIXHAC) nanogels for a controlled, slow-release of Doxorubicin HCl (DOX.HCl). The BIMIXHAC was crosslinked with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) using the ion crosslinking method. The method resulted in nanogels with low polydispersity index, small particle size, and positive zeta potential values, indicating the good stability of the nanogels. Compared to hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan-Doxorubicin HCl-sodium tripolyphosphate (HACC-D-TPP) nanogel, the benzimidazole-chitosan quaternary ammonium salt-Doxorubicin HCl-sodium tripolyphosphate (BIMIXHAC-D-TPP) nanogel show higher drug encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity (BIMIXHAC-D-TPP 93.17 ± 0.27% and 31.17 ± 0.09%), with acid-responsive release profiles and accelerated release in vitro. The hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate (HACC-TPP), and benzimidazole-chitosan quaternary ammonium salt-sodium tripolyphosphate (BIMIXHAC-TPP) nanogels demonstrated favorable antioxidant capability. The assay of cell viability, measured by the MTT assay, revealed that nanogels led to a significant reduction in the cell viability of two cancer cells: the human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line (A549) and the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Furthermore, the BIMIXHAC-D-TPP nanogel was 2.96 times less toxic than DOX.HCl to the mouse fibroblast cell line (L929). It was indicated that the BIMIXHAC-based nanogel with enhanced antioxidant and antitumor activities and acidic-responsive release could serve as a potential nanocarrier.

Multifunctional Suture Coating for Combating Surgical Site Infections and Mitigating Associated Complications.

Despite advancements in preventive measures and hospital protocols, surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a significant concern following surgeries. Sutures, commonly used for wound closure, can serve as a platform for microbial adherence and contamination, leading to extensive debridement and recurrent antibiotic therapy. The emergence of drug resistance and the formation of biofilms on sutures have further complicated the management of SSIs. Drug-eluting sutures incorporating biocides like triclosan have limitations due to uncontrolled release and associated toxicity. Therefore, there is a need for alternative approaches to impart antimicrobial properties to sutures. In this study, we present a one-step covalent cross-linking method to coat surgical sutures with an antimicrobial small molecule, quaternary benzophenone-based antimicrobial (QSM). Additionally, the sutures are dip-coated with ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with analgesic properties. The coated sutures maintained their morphological and tensile properties after in vivo implantation. The antimicrobial coating demonstrated efficacy against a broad-spectrum pathogens, including drug-resistant bacteria and fungi. The optimized formulation retained its biodegradability in vivo. Furthermore, the coated sutures exhibited ∼3 log reduction in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) burden in a subcutaneous implantation mouse model. Overall, this multifunctional coating provides antimicrobial properties to surgical sutures while preserving their mechanical integrity and biodegradability. These coated sutures have the potential to address the challenge of SSIs and contribute to improved surgical outcomes.