Cross-disciplinary Cooperation Research Articles

Agile Project Planning and Execution in Large-Scale IT Projects

Agile methods have changed project management, particularly for major IT projects. This abstract examines Agile project planning and execution in complex IT settings, where size and scope bring distinct problems. Traditional project management methods struggle to handle major IT projects' fast changes and complexity. Agile's focus on flexibility, collaboration, and customer-centricity makes it ideal for these situations due to its adaptability. Agile planning breaks complicated IT project needs into manageable components or iterations in large-scale initiatives. Iterative development keeps projects manageable and adaptable. Agile stresses frequent feedback loops, where each iteration is examined, to help teams change and realign their objectives. Large IT projects need ongoing feedback since mistakes may be costly and team alignment is essential. Cross-functional teams are crucial to Agile in big projects. Agile fosters cross-disciplinary cooperation, which is crucial in big IT environments where development, operations, security, and business teams must collaborate. Teams meet regularly, called'scrums,' to review progress, identify barriers, and plan future actions. With its focus on openness and responsibility, the scrum structure keeps team members aligned and the project on pace. Resource management is another important part of Agile project planning for big IT projects. Agile resource allocation is dynamic, unlike set schedules. Large IT projects, where resource demands vary fast, need this flexibility. Thus, agile techniques reduce waste and ensure teams have what they need at each project stage by optimizing resource utilization. Large Agile project execution involves risk management. Due to Agile's iterative structure, teams may regularly analyze risk and address problems before they become significant. Risks may be exacerbated in big IT projects, thus proactive risk management is crucial. Agile teams see risks as opportunities to improve, promoting continual learning and adaptability.

Starting continuous improvement; creating a common understanding of stroke care delivery in a general hospital

BackgroundContinuous improvement is based on fostering practitioners’ suggestions to modify their own work processes This improvement strategy is widely applied in healthcare but difficult to maintain. The cross-disciplinary nature of many care processes constitutes an extra impediment.MethodsThe study had an explorative design with a qualitative single-case approach. The case presents a project to improve the treatment of patients with thrombotic stroke. Data was obtained via hands on involvement, documents, observations, and interviews with participants in a cross-functional improvement group. A thematic analysis method was employed.ResultsThrough learning how tasks were carried out in other disciplines, the participants developed a common understanding of why it took so long to provide treatment to stroke patients. These insights were used to implement practical changes, leading to immediate improvements in stroke care delivery. The results were fed back so that successes became visible. Participants’ understandings of the local context enabled them to convince peers of the rationale of changes, setting in motion a permanent improvement structure. The participants considered that mapping and then assessing the entire workflow across disciplines were relevant methods for improving the quality of patient care.ConclusionStarting an improvement project in a cross disciplinary environment requires deep engagement on the part of professionals. A quintessential prerequisite is therefore the realization that the quality of care depends on cross-disciplinary cooperation. A facilitated learning arena needs to (1) create insights into each other’s colleagues’ tasks and process interdependencies, (2) increase understanding of how the distribution of tasks among specialist units affects the quality of care, and (3) frequently report and provide feedback on results to keep the process going.

Wearable Smart Cardiac Care: Take Vipasyana for Example

The most direct challenge to the healthcare system in Taiwan associated with population aging is the chronic and growing shortfall in medical and nursing practitioners. The integration of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and advanced 5G communication technologies is making healthcare more streamlined and intuitive to improve healthcare service efficiency, encourage cross-disciplinary cooperation to improve patient health management, and introduce and mainstream innovative service models such as telecare. To this end, the wearable smart cardiac care system 'Vipasyana', jointly developed by the interdisciplinary research team of the Departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, not only has an innovative fully functional wireless wearable electrocardiograph but also uses machine learning-based detection/prediction methods to detect and monitor for emergencies such as myocardial infarction, ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, and heart failure. To handle the real-time streaming sensing data generated during clinical trials, a big data real-time streaming framework based on Apache Storm and microservices has also been integrated. In addition, a mobile phone app and virtual reality 3D ward round system providing a user-friendly management and monitoring tool for medical staffs were developed and integrated into the system. The 'Vipasyana' system is capable of providing precision medical services to individual patients.

Discussion on Museum Public Services and Management Innovation

This paper delves into the importance of public services and management innovation in museums and their specific implementation strategies. Through a comprehensive analysis of the main challenges currently faced by museums in services and management, the paper cites a range of successful cases both domestically and internationally. It proposes innovative management strategies from five key aspects: technological application, audience participation, enhancement of educational functions, cross-sector cooperation, and sustainable development. The research indicates that adopting modern information technology, enhancing audience interaction, enriching educational content, and implementing cross-disciplinary cooperation can not only significantly improve the quality of museum services but also effectively enhance their management efficiency. This, in turn, better meets the public's cultural needs and promotes the sustainable development of museums.

Research on Development Strategies of Secretarial Studies in the Era of Integrated Media

The application of artificial intelligence, AR/VR, and other digital technologies has profoundly changed the demands and forms of the secretarial industry. Higher education institutions offering secretarial studies must keep pace with social development, redesign talent development models, curriculum frameworks, and teaching methods to cultivate highly skilled professionals who meet future job requirements. In the era of integrated media, secretarial studies face multiple crises, including a lack of awareness among teachers about integrated media teaching, inadequate application of integrated media technology in practical training, and a deficiency of innovative methods and content in practical teaching. However, the era of integrated media also brings opportunities for the development of secretarial studies, including effective integration of the professional characteristics of secretarial studies with the demands of the integrated media era, providing feasibility for cross-disciplinary cooperation with integrated media technology, and expanding the development space of secretarial studies. To address these challenges and opportunities, the development of secretarial studies requires a parallel approach of theory and practice, cultivating numerically intelligent secretarial professionals; leveraging integrated media technology to construct a multi-dimensional teaching system based on societal demands and enhancing media literacy. Through these measures, secretarial studies will better adapt to the development demands of the integrated media era, laying the foundation for cultivating application-oriented professionals capable of meeting future secretarial career requirements.

Advancement of Dengue Virus Vaccine: Progress and Challenges

The dengue virus (DENV), which causes dengue, infects 100 to 300 million people globally each year [1]. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes carry the Dengue virus, which causes dengue fever, which is still a serious global health risk, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas [2]. Since there are now no targeted antiviral therapies and due to difficulties with traditional vector control techniques, the focus has shifted to developing vaccines as the main preventive measure. In order to create a variety of vaccination forms, including live attenuated, recombinant subunit, inactivated virus, viral vectored, DNA, and mRNA vaccines, scientists have targeted E protein and NS1. An important advancement in the fight against Dengue fever has been the development of vaccinations that are able to neutralize all four serotypes. But there are obstacles such as lack of vaccine effectiveness against specific serotypes, side effects produced by vaccine in progeny and vaccine-induced immunological enhancement (ADE).Immunization can lessen the burden on healthcare systems, lower the number of hospitalizations caused by dengue, and help stop outbreaks. The development and implementation of dengue vaccine research are significantly accelerated by international cooperation, public-private partnerships, and regulatory cooperation. Effective programs show how crucial it is to work together to combat dengue fever on a worldwide scale. The difficulties involved in developing a dengue vaccine, ongoing funding, campaigning, and research are crucial. There are several viable approaches to increase the efficacy and accessibility of the Dengue vaccine, including cross-disciplinary cooperation, novel vaccination platforms, and emerging technology. In conclusion, overcoming obstacles unique to each serotype, embracing creative approaches to vaccine design, and negotiating scientific intricacies are all necessary steps on the path to developing successful Dengue virus vaccines. The convergence of state-of-the-art technologies, computational modeling, and cooperative research endeavors can potentially realize the objective of vaccination-based comprehensive dengue prevention.

Utilization of iodized salt in Halahalaya Hamlet, Kanreapia Village, Gowa Regency

Salt is a dietary supplement and source of electrolytes for the human body. Salt contains iodine. Iodine is a trace mineral that must be present in the body to form thyroid hormones and is beneficial for the body's metabolism. Iodine deficiency leads to goiter disease at various stages, slows growth in children and adults, as well as lowers labour productivity. The purpose of this service activity is to find out the use of iodized salt in Halahalaya Hamlet, Kanreapia Village. This type of service is an observational activity with a population consisting of heads of households in 92 households in Halahalaya Village. Data on the use of iodized salt were collected through interviews and direct observation using questionnaires. The results of the service showed that out of 92 households, 87 households (94.6%) used packaged salt labelled iodine, 5 households (5.4%) did not use packaged salt labelled iodine, iodine test results of 12 households were white (13.0%). ), light purple iodine test results in 20 households (21.7%), dark purple iodine test results in 60 households (65.2%). The conclusion of the service is that the availability of iodized salt in Halahalaya Hamlet, Kanreapia Village is sufficient, but there is still a lack of community understanding of the use of good iodized salt, therefore cross-disciplinary cooperation is needed to a growing community knowledge.

Strategies for Improving the Professionalism of Islamic Education Teachers at University

This article aims to explore and improve the professionalism of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) teachers at Lambung Mangkurat University (ULM) by implementing interdisciplinary collaboration strategies. The research method involved in-depth interviews with IRE lecturers at ULM, gaining in-depth insights into implementing cross-disciplinary collaboration to improve professionalism. The surprising research results revealed that cross-disciplinary cooperation is essential in enriching IRE teaching methods beyond conventional boundaries. Integrating disciplines such as psychology, technology, and pedagogy allows for adjustments to students' diverse learning styles, shifting the teaching paradigm to be more holistic, adaptive, and responsive to current educational dynamics. In addition to confirming the need for continuous professional development for educators, this study also identified several challenges that must be overcome to strengthen the professionalism of IRE educators, including financial limitations, insufficient social recognition, and rapid technological development. Recommendations from this study include the development of holistic and technology-based continuing training programs and advocacy to increase social recognition and appreciation of the critical role of IRE educators in facing the growing complexities and demands of modern education.

Lab-Pharmacy Nexus: Unveiling the convergence of scientific research and medication management

The synergies and vital interdependence between scientific research labs and pharmacies within the healthcare ecosystem have been thoroughly explored in this topic. Scientific research labs were portrayed as centers of creativity, experimentation, and cross-disciplinary cooperation that shaped how we perceive the natural world. Pharmacies were acknowledged as essential to patient care for their ability to dispense prescription drugs, promote health, and guarantee regulatory compliance. The discussion shed light on situations in which miscommunication between pharmacies and labs resulted in avoidable mistakes in medicine administration. The story went on to highlight the growing importance of pharmacists in the monitoring of therapeutic drugs, chronic illness care, and diagnostics. The need for collaboration between lab technicians and pharmacists was emphasized as a means of promoting innovation, managing the challenges associated with medication monitoring, and guaranteeing the best possible outcomes for patients. This comprehensive investigation highlights how important it is to collaborate seamlessly in order to promote patient safety, advance healthcare innovation, and improve the standard of care as a whole.

E-Commerce Entrepreneurship: Navigating the Evolving Landscape of Online Business Opportunities

This study investigates how the e-commerce entrepreneurial climate is changing and offers a full examination of the opportunities and challenges facing online enterprises. It's crucial to have a solid understanding of e-commerce entrepreneurship in this era of fast digital development. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of e-commerce entrepreneurship by tracing its historical development, outlining the theoretical underpinnings, analyzing different online business models, and looking at the complex factors that influence success in this quickly changing digital environment. Ecommerce is very promising, but it also poses several difficulties for business owners. Even though the topic has seen a lot of study, there is still a research gap. There is a shortage of qualitative study on the inventive strategies, multidisciplinary connections, and dynamic character of e-commerce companies. This study undertakes a thorough examination of related literature, including case studies, questionnaires, and comparative analyses, using a qualitative research technique. A sound conceptual framework is developed via thorough research and the synthesis of data from many sources. This study identifies and addresses a gap in the literature on e-commerce entrepreneurship studies by offering a thorough analysis of this difficult topic. It encourages interdisciplinary thinking and gives lawmakers and business leaders strategic guidance. Given the historical context, theoretical foundations, business models, and success criteria, the research's findings provide important understandings into the intricacies of e-commerce entrepreneurship. For e-commerce business owners and legislators, strategic advice are provided, with an emphasis on the value of innovation, flexibility, trust-building, and cross-disciplinary cooperation. In conclusion, this study fills a research need, provides direction for future initiatives in this transformational digital space, and acts as a compass for navigating the shifting environment of e-commerce entrepreneurship.

“Hello ELSA, how are you?”

The proposed contribution will shed light on current and future challenges on legal and ethical questions in research data infrastructures. The authors of the proposal will present the work of NFDI’s section on Ethical, Legal and Social Aspects (hereinafter: ELSA), whose aim is to facilitate cross-disciplinary cooperation between the NFDI consortia in the relevant areas of management and re-use of research data.

Assessment of Cerebral Tumors and Metastases by Two-Photon Excitation Microscopy

Objective: The study subject approaches a topic of cerebral pathology, namely the development of a pathological diagnosis that is as accurate as possible for the cerebral tumors and the metastases, using a new method that complements the optical microscopic examination and immunohistochemistry to correctly diagnose cerebral malignancies. Methods: Two-photon excitation (TPE) microscopy techniques are non-linear optical imaging methods that are gaining momentum in the investigation of fixed tissue sections, fresh tissue, or even for in vivo experiments. This method can be used for offering complementary information on the tissue architecture. We argue that using non-linear optical microscopy (which includes TPE microscopy) images collected on this category of brain tissue samples, can facilitate the interpretation of brain tumors and metastases, thus it is a solution worthy to explore. Scanning large areas of the lesions is important to avoid false-negative diagnoses because lesions are often non-uniform. Finding potential invasion sites is also restricted when using a narrow field-of-view imaging method. Results: Our study demonstrated that TPE microscopy can detect specific cellular features of cerebral tumors and metastases in good correlation with histopathological results. This approach can improve the accuracy of the cerebral tumors diagnosis and possibly other neoplasms. Conclusion: TPE microscopy is very important for future research because it could prevent the false or inadequate diagnosis of specific lesions and differentiate a primary tumor from a metastasis. The significance of the findings is attributable to cross-disciplinary cooperation and the constant use of a working standard across all of the experiments in this study.

FLOOD VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION PRACTICES OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA

The increasing effects of flooding in flood-prone areas over the years cannot be overstated in terms of reducing flood damage. There are several measures of various characteristics, each of which has its own justification in flood protection. The concepts of vulnerability, hazard, and risk have been extensively used in various disciplines with different meanings, impeding cross-disciplinary cooperation for dealing with hazardous events. In Nigeria, there has been an occurrence of flooding and many households have been rendered homeless and many lives have been lost due to this devastating issue. This article aimed to examine flood vulnerability and possible adaptation practices for residential buildings as well as the potential for resiliency in the event of its occurrence. The objective was to propose appropriate resilient strategies to mitigate flood risk in Abuja, Nigeria. The paper adopts a purposive sampling technique in the selection of some areas for the study. A structured questionnaire survey was used to get information on the residents, and also a site risk assessment was taken on the selected areas. A total of 174 questionnaires were administered, with a valid rate of 96.6% and a reliability value of 0.606. The result shows that an average percentage of residential areas are affected by floods with low resilience strategies. The study concludes that the government should have policies to set the rules of implementation and possible resilience strategies to mitigate the occurrence of floods for the residents.

From the Editor

From the Editor Sabine R. Huebner This issue was produced in part under the aegis of my predecessor, Professor Andrew Cain, who steered the ship expertly over the past five years, and I cannot thank him enough for his generous and patient introduction to the complex business of being editor-in-chief. I am also delighted to have gathered around me a stellar editorial board that will support this journal in the years ahead. The Journal of Late Antiquity is composed of veteran editors, as well as younger members in our field, whose expertise covers a wide variety of areas, regions, and topics of the discipline. I feel very honored to be following in the footsteps of Ralph W. Mathisen, Noel Lenski, and most recently Andy Cain, and hope to do the journal justice in the years to come. The Journal of Late Antiquity, which has already won several awards in its fifteen-year history, will continue to encourage cutting-edge and interdisciplinary research on all methodological, geographical, and chronological facets of Late Antiquity, defined roughly as the period from ca. 250–800 ad. The entire field of late antique studies will be represented—bridging disciplines and late antique peoples from the late Roman, western European, Byzantine, Sassanid, and early Islamic worlds and their direct exchanges with their respective neighboring peoples and trading partners, without slipping into the arbitrariness of a thematic global setting. This cross-disciplinary cooperation in ancient studies has become a matter of course over the past few decades: from my first days as a student, I myself worked in supra-departmental interdisciplinary research networks that, in addition to the traditional text- and material-based subjects of classical studies—such as ancient history, classical philology, Egyptology, archaeology—had also already included Arabic studies, Jewish studies, art history, ethnology, law, and comparative religious studies. My doctoral studies in the interdisciplinary doctoral program in Jena on "Leitbilder der Spätantike," my postdoctoral work at, amongst other institutions, the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World (ISAW), and currently as head of the Department of Ancient Civilizations at the University of Basel, have shaped my impression of late antique studies in its widest sense. Although appearing small in scope, late antique studies encompasses the cosmos of the university (universitas), pioneering the possibilities of interdisciplinarity and the challenges and opportunities of true consilience. My goal is to further the Journal of Late Antiquity's heartfelt mission of an all-encompassing, multidisciplinary treatment of Late Antiquity in all its multiregional and multilingual facets, while also affording a wide scope to new trends, particularly, collaborative opportunities with the natural sciences. [End Page 1] The range of disciplines working on Late Antiquity has expanded further since the first edition of the Journal of Late Antiquity in 2008. Without exerting influence, as an editor has no control over the nature of submissions, moving forward I would like to see even broader consideration of the so-called palaeosciences—e.g., palaeoclimatology, palaeogenetics, bioarchaeology—as well as digital technologies. These evidentiary pools are increasingly taking up important space in our transdisciplinary dialogue on late antiquity, and are providing new data and fascinating insights into ancient genomes, migrations of peoples, livestock and crops, the spread of infectious diseases, and ancient climatic variability and change, by which some text-focused reasoning has already been upended. I am thrilled that this issue gives consideration to these new methods, such as David Devore's and Scott Kennedy's contribution to the pestilence during the reign of Emperor Maximinus II Daia—arguably not a pandemic, but a regionally-limited epidemic in Syria and adjacent areas—and a review of Kyle Harper's new book Plagues upon the Earth: Disease and the Course of Human History. Similarly, I hope for greater consideration of research from countries outside the western-oriented, European-Anglo-American context, as this journal also devotes attention to the history of the Near and Middle East, and North and East Africa. This spring issue of the Journal of Late Antiquity collects eight innovative contributions on multiple regions and aspects of the late antique world. The issue opens with a contribution from Adrastos Omissi on "Hamstrung Horses: Dating Constantine's...

Are there disciplinary boundaries in the comparative study of primate cognition?

A view continues to gain momentum that regards investigation of the cognition of great apes in captive settings as affording us a model for human cognitive evolution. Researchers from disciplines such as comparative psychology, anthropology, and even archaeology, seem eager to put their theories to the test by using great apes as their chosen experimental model. Questions addressed currently by comparative psychologists have long been the object of attention by neurophysiologists, psychobiologists and neuroscientists, who, however, often use rodents and monkeys as the species of choice. Whereas comparative psychology has been influenced greatly by ethology, much neuroscience has developed against a background of physiology and medicine. This separation of the intellectual contexts wherein they have arisen and flourished has impeded the development of fluid interaction between comparative psychologists and researchers in the other disciplines. We feel that it would be beneficial for comparative psychologists and neuroscientists to combine research endeavours far more often, in order to address common questions of interest related to cognition. We regard interdisciplinary cross-pollination to be particularly desirable, even if many comparative psychologists lack deep expertise about the workings of the brain, and even if many neuroscientists lack expert knowledge about the behaviour of different species. Furthermore, we believe that anthropology, archaeology, human evolutionary studies, and related disciplines, may well provide us with significant contextual knowledge about the physical and temporal background to the evolution in humans of specific cognitive skills. To that end, we urge researchers to dismantle methodological, conceptual and historical disciplinary boundaries, in order to strengthen cross-disciplinary cooperation in order to broaden and deepen our insights into the cognition of nonhuman and human primates.

Toward a Socio-Political Approach to Promote the Development of Circular Agriculture: A Critical Review.

Under the dual pressure of ensuring global food security and coping with the effects of climate change, many countries have proposed projects of circular agriculture to mitigate the vulnerability of agricultural systems. However, due to the different utilizations of agricultural resources in different countries, there are still some important limitations and obstacles to the promotion of agricultural recycling technologies. This review discusses global circular agriculture projects from a social science perspective. We found that (1) current research on circular agriculture is concentrated in the field of natural sciences with a focus on technological upgrading, neglecting social, political and economic research; (2) top-down circular agriculture projects rely on infrastructure and technical inputs for management, which undermines the focus on public participation and is limited by the timing and intensity of state intervention; (3) the development model led by enterprises or associations relies on cooperation and benefit games with farmers, and its sustainability depends largely on changes in the regulation of the agricultural waste utilization system. Based on this, this review argues that circular agriculture projects are not only technical issues in the field of natural sciences, but also strongly influenced by social development. For future research, we strongly recommend cross-disciplinary cooperation, not limited to technology development.

Dynamics Analysis of Different Types of Crouch Starts

<p>目的：近年來，物聯網 (Internet of Things, IOT) 的普及與人工智慧 (Artificial Intelligen)崛起，相關科技結合運動的跨領域合作越來越盛行，讓收集資料與分析資料變得更簡單也更有效率。本研究主要目的是運用物聯網技術開發起跑架來探討不同蹲踞式起跑動作之動力學分析。方法：受試者為 8名大學田徑隊短距離男子選手 (身高：173.16 ± 4.77公分；體重：65.55 ± 4.52公斤；年齡：20.06 ± 1.09歲)，以一組物聯網系統與人工智慧演算法平臺，使用Arduino、Raspberry Pi與深度學習 (Deep Learning) 演算法開發一組適合平時訓練時所使用的田徑蹲踞式起跑訓練數據收集與分析系統 (專利編號：I632939)。在起跑架前、後踏板各安裝 20片壓力感測器 (取樣頻率1000 Hz) 。安裝前，每片壓力感測器都必須經校正程序，並利用多元線性回歸方程式，計算出其電壓-力量曲線斜率公式後再導入系統中。實驗數據以重複量數單因子變異數分析，比較起跑模式間的差異，若達到顯著差異，以 LSD法進行事後比較，顯著水準為 α = .05。結果：在起跑出發階段，長式起跑後腳在最大反作用發生的時間與作用力均呈現比其它模式較佳的趨勢且踏板產生的初始發力率、最大發力率也較大，同時也發現受試者慣式起跑模式起跑線到前腳踏板間距過長的現象。結論：中式與長式起跑對整體起跑階段動力學參數有較佳的表現。建議選手未來可以在起跑出發階段方面，改變起跑架前踏板與起跑線的距離為 1.5個腳掌長，以利整體起跑出發表現。</p> <p> </p><p>Purpose: In recent years, with the popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), the cross-disciplinary cooperation of related technologies combined with sports has become more and more popular, making it easier and more efficient to collect and analyze data. The purpose of this study is to do dynamics analysis of different types of crouch start by using starting blocks developed by IoT technology. Methods: The subjects were 8 short-distance male athletes from college track and field team (height: 173.16 ± 4.77 cm; weight: 65.55 ± 4.52 kg; age: 20.06 ± 1.09 years old). A set of data collecting and analyzing system developed by IoT systems, AI algorithm platform, Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and Deep Learning was used to collect data (patent number: I632939). Each of front and rear block was installed 20 pressure sensors (sampling frequency 1000Hz), and before installation, each sensor was calibrated, and multiple linear regression was used to calculate the voltage-force curve slope formula and then import it into the system. The experimental data were analyzed by repeated-measures one-way ANOVA to compare the differences between the different crouch starts. If a significant difference was reached, the LSD method was used for post-hoc comparison, and the significant level was α = .05. Results: In the starting phase, the rear foot of elongated staring mode was better than other modes in the time and force of maximal reaction force, and initial force and maximal rate of force development generated by the blocks were also larger. Also, it was also found that the distance from the starting line to front block was too long in subjects’ habitual starting mode. Conclusions: The performance of dynamics analysis was better in the elongated and middle starting mode in the starting phase. It was suggested that athletes could adjust the front block 1.5-feet long from the staring line to improve starting performance.</p> <p> </p>

The global transformation of geomorphology

Abstract This chapter reviews the various developments in geomorphology in terms of institutions, journals, textbooks, research stations, etc. Among the institutions discussed are the Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium, the Geological Society of America Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division, the Association of American Geographers Geomorphology Specialty Group, the British Geomorphological Research Group, the IGU Commission on Measurements, Theory and Application in Geomorphology (COMTAG), the International Association of Geomorphologists, the European Geosciences Union (EGU), the American Geophysical Union (AGU), the International Quaternary Association, and the International Conference on Aeolian Research. Many countries established their own national bodies. A number of new journals appeared, including Catena , Earth Surface Processes and Landforms , Géomorphologie , and Geomorphology . In addition, during the closing decades of the twentieth century there was a proliferation of textbooks in geomorphology. One development was that geomorphological research was promoted by the establishment of research stations. These permitted long-term monitoring and provided bases for sustained investigations. The study of fluvial processes was much encouraged in the United States at USDA Forest Service research basins (known as ‘watersheds’ in the USA) such as the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire), Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (North Carolina) and the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon). The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) organized ambitious research projects in collaboration with host nations. Various US government departments supported much geomorphological research in various parts of the world. Some European countries fostered overseas geomorphological research and created missions. Notable was the work of ORSTOM (Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-mer) in former francophone colonies. In the post-war years, and as independence approached and then occurred, new universities were established in Africa. These employed expatriate geomorphologists and also trained up a new generation of indigenous scholars. The decades since the 1960s have been a period of space exploration and the development of remote sensing. This has had important implications for geomorphology. The period also saw the onset of the digital age and the beginning of the World Wide Web's influence on teaching and research. Applied research became increasingly important. A major cause for international and cross-disciplinary co-operation during the period was the emergence of geoarchaeology. Finally, since the 1950s, an increasing number of women have made important contributions to the discipline.

What is needed for continuity of care and how can we achieve it? – Perceptions among multiprofessionals on the chronic care trajectory

BackgroundContinuity of care (CoC) implies delivery of services in a coherent, logical and timely fashion. Continuity is conceptualized as multidimensional, encompassing three specific domains – relational, management and informational continuity – with emphasis placed on their interrelations, i.e., how they affect and are affected by each other. This study sought to investigate professionals’ perceptions of the prerequisites of CoC within and between organizations and how CoC can be realized for people with complex care needs.MethodsThis study had a qualitative design using individual, paired and focus group interviews with a purposeful sample of professionals involved in the chain of care for patients with chronic conditions across healthcare and social care services from three different geographical areas in Sweden, covering both urban and rural areas. Transcripts from interviews with 34 informants were analysed using conventional content analysis.ResultsCoC was found to be dependent on professional and cross-disciplinary cooperation at the micro, meso and macro system levels. Continuity is dependent on long-term and person-centred relationships (micro level), dynamic stability in organizational structures (meso level) and joint responsibility for cohesive care and enabling of uniform solutions for knowledge and information exchange (macro level).ConclusionsAchieving CoC that creates coherent and long-term person-centred care requires knowledge- and information-sharing that transcends disciplinary and organizational boundaries. Collaborative accountability is needed both horizontally and vertically across micro, meso and macro system levels, rather than a focus on personal responsibility and relationships at the micro level.

A Historical Review and Vision on Taiwan's Occupational Mental Health Development: Taking Government Policies as the Main Axis

<p>本研究嘗試回顧臺灣職場心理健康領域在實務場域之發展歷史，特別是以政府相關政策面向為主軸，輔以社會環境脈絡為參照。本研究先從美國的相關領域，即員工協助方案與職場健康心理學之發展歷史簡要描述作為相關背景。然後再進到臺灣職場心理健康領域之實務界與政策面做回顧與爬梳，結果發現除去早期缺乏政策引導的零星組織案例外，大約可分為四期，分別為勞工輔導期、導入員工協助方案期、政府積極落實EAP期以及多面向職場健康促進期等。基於過去歷史之發展，本研究提出未來臺灣職場心理健康領域發展方向包括：專業深化、跨領域合作整合以及本土化等。透過本研究之回顧可提供相關研究學者、政府部門、實務工作者未來推動職場心理健康之努力方向。</p> <p> </p><p>This study attempted to review the history of the development of mental health in Taiwan’s workplaces, focusing mainly on the direction of government policies against the backdrop of social context as a reference. This study begins with a brief description of the development history of employee assistance programs and occupational health psychology in the related fields in the United States. Next up, the study segued into the field of mental health in Taiwan’s workplace practice and policy aspects to do a review, the findings, excluding some isolated cases without policy guidance in the early period, can be divided into four periods: labor counseling, the implementation of employee assistance programs, the EAP implementation by the government and multi-oriented occupational health promotion. Based on the development of history, this study provides the future development direction of Taiwan’s occupational mental health field, including professional deepening, cross-disciplinary cooperation and integration, and localization. It’s expected that by taking stock of the historical review in this study, the future direction of mental health in the workplace can be provided for scholars, public sectors, and workers in this regard.</p> <p> </p>