Reliability Cronbach's Alpha Research Articles

Psychometric Properties of the Self Care Oral Anticancer Agents Index (SCOAAI).

To test the Self-Care Oral Anticancer Agents Index (SCOAAI)'s psychometric properties (structural validity, convergent validity, predictive validity, and internal consistency) in a sample of patients with solid tumour on Oral anticancer agents (OAA). A methodological research in five in- or out-patient Italian facilities. Structural validity was tested by confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency was assessed through Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to test associations between SCOAAI scores and patient's emergency room admission, re-hospitalization, mortality, and quality of life measured three months after baseline. We enrolled 356 patients; mostly were male (52.24%), and mean age was 59.10 years. Analyses demonstrated the SCOAAI's factorial validity and internal consistency. Moreover, patients that experienced emergency room admissions (U = 3484.5; P = .002) and re-hospitalization (U = 2446.0; P = .001) showed lower self-care maintenance scores; those who experienced emergency room admission (U = 3263.5; P = .019) and died at follow-up (U = 700.5; P = .025) had lower self-care monitoring scores; while patients that experienced re-hospitalisation (U = 2931.5; P = .040) and emergency room admission (U = 3285.0; P = .012) had lower self-care management scores. Patients with adequate self-care (≥ 70) reported significantly higher quality of life (self-care maintenance U = 1228.500, P < .001; self-care monitoring U = 3512.500, P < .001; self-care management U = 3287.500, P < .001). According to our findings the SCOAAI is a valid and reliable tool. Patients with inadequate self-care can experience more emergency room accesses, re-hospitalization, death, and lower quality of life. Adequate self-care behaviors can improve patient's outcomes and should be assessed by healthcare providers during the disease pathway.

Enhancing Brand Equity and Customers Purchase Intention at Tourism Companies in Ho Chi Minh City: The Role of ESG

The basic theories and previous studies are used in this study, based on a survey conducted with 527 customers of tourism companies in Ho Chi Minh City, to assess and analyze the function of ESG in enhancing brand equity and customer purchase intention. Based on an analytical structure supported by various techniques such as statistical analysis, Cronbach's alpha reliability, EFA factor analysis, and PLS-SEM structural equation modeling, using SPSS and SMART-PLS software, some important facts that come up from this study include the following. The ESG factors, or EN, SO, and GO issues, have a positive effect on Brand Equity. In like manner, these ESG dimensions contribute to positively affecting CDA or PI. Lastly, PI is positively influenced by BE. These results affirm the significant contribution the dimensions of ESG make toward the attitudinal and behavioral change of customers within the tourism industry. Emphasizing environmental, social, and governance issues will help tourism companies enhance their brand equity and improve the purchase intention of customers, adding value toward sustainable development and welfare of society.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the "impact on participation and autonomy" (IPA) questionnaire in Indian population with spinal cord injury.

An observational study design. To translate the Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire (IPAQ) into the Hindi language and to assess the test-retest reliability of the supplemental data in the Indian spinal cord injury (SCI) population. Delhi. The English version of the IPAQ was translated into the Hindi language following the standardized Beaton guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of self-reports. Reliability and validity were assessed in 80 subjects with SCI. Content validity was estimated using quantitative and qualitative methods. Internal consistency reliability was assessed in 20 participants. For test-retest reliability, 30 participants completed the IPAQ-H twice, one week apart. Subjects (N = 80) who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study after obtaining their informed consent. The IPAQ was translated into the Hindi language using the six-step Beaton guidelines, which were approved by the translators, expert panel members, subjects with SCI, and developers of the original English version of the IPAQ. Content validity estimation showed that all the items in the questionnaire were retained. The IPAQ-H has excellent internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha -0.942) and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC single measure-0.568 and mean measure-0.929. The supplemental data is a methodological step in translating the IPAQ into Hindi for a Hindi-literate population with high test-retest reliability. Healthcare practitioners can use the supplemental data as a valuable tool to gain clinical insights into the efficacy of IPA in the Indian Hindi-speaking population with SCI.

Assessing competency in less invasive surfactant administration: simulation-based validity evidence for the LISA-AT scores.

The Less Invasive Surfactant Administration Assessment Tool (LISA-AT) was developed to support operator training and competence assessment. This study aimed to gather validity evidence in the simulated setting to support using the LISA-AT scores. Validity evidence was gathered using the Messick framework. The lowest quartile (Q1) for the median of the experts' LISA-AT scores defined the minimum passing score. Ten experts and 23 novices were enrolled in this study. Eight of the original 15 LISA-AT metrics effectively discriminated between novices and experts and demonstrated high test-retest reliability (Spearman's rho = 0.87), high internal consistency, and good inter-rater reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88 and 0.82, respectively). The LISA-AT discriminated between novices' and experts' first two attempts with median [IQR] scores of 29 [26-32] vs 39 [39-40]). The minimum passing score was defined as 39/40 points, and the novices used a median [IQR] of 6 [5-7] attempts, ranging from 4 to 9 attempts, to reach this score. Compared with the expert group, the novices' laryngoscopy skills and time remained significantly different even after attaining the minimum passing score. We found strong validity evidence to support using the LISA-AT scores to train new LISA operators to the minimum passing score to ensure competence in the simulated setting. This study showed robust validity evidence for using the Less Invasive Surfactant Administration Assessment Tool (LISA-AT) to train LISA novices with a high test-retest reliability, high internal consistency, and good inter-rater reliability. Eight of the original 15 LISA-AT metrics effectively discriminated between novices and experts, with a minimum passing score of 39/40 points, corresponding to the lowest quartile (Q1) of the experts' performances. Novices typically needed six attempts in the simulated setting, ranging from four to nine. However, their laryngoscopy skills and duration remained significantly different from experts. Using the LISA-AT score can ensure competence in the simulated setting before advancing to supervised clinical procedures.

Analyzing Predictive Factors for the Media's Impact on the Nursing Profession.

Introduction: Mass media play a crucial role not only in informing the public but also in shaping public perception, educating, and enhancing the visibility of various professions, including nursing. Despite being the most populous healthcare profession, nursing remains underrepresented in media coverage. This imbalance affects the social status of the nursing profession and its public perception. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized a validated questionnaire with high internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficients) to assess nurses' perceptions of the media's role in society and the nursing profession. Data were collected from 203 participants using an online survey employing the snowball sampling method. Statistical analyses included Welch ANOVA, t-tests, and hierarchical regression to predict the importance of media education. Results: Participants demonstrated positive perceptions of the media's societal influence but identified a lack of adequate representation of nurses. Younger nurses and those with higher education levels emphasized the need for media education. Regression analysis revealed that perceptions of the media's power and self-assessed media competencies were significant predictors of valuing media education. Conclusions: The findings highlight the need for integrating media literacy training into nursing education to enhance professional visibility and public engagement. This can empower nurses to actively contribute to shaping their professional image and addressing public misconceptions. Future research should expand the sample size and explore diverse healthcare settings to validate these findings.

Sembrando Futuros Sostenibles a través de la Educación Agrícola en Comunidades Rurales

The objective of the research was to compare the knowledge on the application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) among students, teachers and the community of the San Ignacio village of the Playón Santander Municipality-Colombia, as well as to evaluate the pedagogical strategies used by teachers for Agricultural Education as a basis for sustainable development. The study was based on the theories of Márquez-Delgado et al (2021), Núñez (2019), FAO (2004), Tibaduiza Castañeda et al (2022), Díaz-Barriga and Hernández (2010), among other authors. The methodology was comparative, with a field, cross-sectional and non-experimental design. The sample consisted of: 11 teachers, 111 students from the San Ignacio Educational Institution and 30 community representatives. Two instruments were applied for data collection: One with 26 items for teachers, students and the community and the other with 32 items for teachers, both with a rating scale from 1 to 5, validated by 5 experts and with Cronbach's Alpha reliability of 0.91 and 0.92 respectively. The results obtained according to the ANOVA analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the four indicators measured: Farmer safety, environmental care, food safety and animal welfare. Teachers showed greater knowledge in environmental care and animal protection compared to the community, while both students and teachers showed more knowledge about farmer safety and food safety. Teachers evaluated different educational strategies related to GAP: Forest School, Field School, Learning Communities and Productive Educational Project, with significant variations in the level of knowledge of these strategies. The findings underscore the need to strengthen agricultural education in the community by adapting educational strategies to promote GAP and sustainable agricultural practices in rural communities in the region.

Validity and Reliability of the Arabic Cough Severity Index.

This study aimed to translate and validate the Cough Severity Index (CSI) into Arabic (A-CSI) and to evaluate its validity and reliability among patients with chronic cough. This cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire-based validation study was conducted at two tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between December 2023 and August 2024. The CSI was translated from English into Arabic using the forward-backward method. Its reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability. Its construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and its internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Its discriminant validity was determined using the Mann-Whitney U test, and its reproducibility was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data were collected from 100 participants, 50 with chronic cough and 50 healthy controls. The mean age was 41.56 ± 14.28 years in the chronic cough group and 35.48 ± 10.02 years in the healthy control group. The A-CSI exhibited high reproducibility (ICC = 0.896) and excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.966). EFA identified three factors explaining 66.41% of the variance, with all items having communalities > 0.3. The A-CSI exhibited significant discriminant validity between the chronic cough and healthy control groups (p < 0.001). The A-CSI is a reliable and valid tool for assessing chronic cough in Arabic-speaking patients, making it suitable for both clinical practice and research. Level 3.

Reliability of the Second and Third Iterations of the Sensory-Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire in a Subclinical Neck Pain Population.

This study aimed to address limitations of the pilot reliability study on the Sensory-Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire (SMD-Q) in two parts. Part 1 evaluated the intra-rater reliability of SMD-Q version 2 (V2). Part 2 addressed V2's limitations before assessing the intra-rater reliability of version 3 (V3). V2 framed questions as "over the past week", whereas V3 also framed questions as "in a typical/usual week". The SMD-Q was administered via QualtricsTM at baseline and 4 to 7 days later to subclinical neck pain participants, 51 in part 1 (32 F; mean age ± SD: 21.17 ± 2.66 y) and 27 in part 2 (20 F; mean age ± SD: 21.89 ± 2.81 y). Reliability statistics (quadratic weighted kappa (Kw) and Cronbach's alpha (α)) were calculated for all items (V2) and total scores (V2 and V3). There was excellent agreement for V2 total scores (Kw ≥ 0.75), and V3 total scores for "in a typical/usual week" (Kw ≥ 0.75), but fair to good agreement for V3 total scores of "over the past week" (0.40 < Kw < 0.75). V2 had acceptable (0.7 ≤ α < 0.8) to good internal consistency (0.8 ≤ α < 0.9), while V3 had good internal consistency for both administrations. Versions 2 and 3 of the SMD-Q appear to reliably capture disordered sensorimotor integration in people with subclinical neck pain, with improved reliability in V3 when questions are framed as "in a typical/usual week". However, further research is needed to confirm this finding.

PACOPED QL: Development and evaluation of the quality-of-life scale for children with life-threatening illnesses.

This study aims to validate the Palliative and Complex Chronic Pediatric Patients QoL Inventory (PACOPED QL), a new quality-of-life (QoL) assessment tool for pediatric palliative patients with complex chronic conditions. The goal is to create a comprehensive and inclusive instrument tailored to this unique population, addressing the gap in existing tools that do not meet these specific needs. The validation process included a literature review and consultations with experts. A pilot study refined the items, followed by a cross-sectional study involving pediatric palliative patients and their caregivers. Statistical analyses, such as Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency and exploratory factor analysis for structural validity, were utilized. The PACOPED QL, comprising 50 items across 8 domains and 6 subdomains, demonstrated strong reliability with Cronbach's alpha and Guttman split-half reliability both exceeding .9. Validity assessments confirmed its suitability for children with complex illnesses. The tool was refined through expert consultations and pilot testing, reducing items from an initial 85 to a final 50, ensuring relevance and clarity. The PACOPED QL shows strong reliability and validity in assessing QoL in pediatric palliative patients. Its comprehensive structure makes it a promising tool for clinical practice and research, addressing a critical need for a tailored assessment in this population. The instrument's robust psychometric properties indicate its potential utility in improving the QoL assessment and care for children with life-threatening illnesses. Further studies are encouraged to confirm its effectiveness across various settings.

The Influence of Health Literacy on Diabetes Prevention Behaviors in Sai Mai District Communities, Bangkok

This research aimed to 1) assess health literacy levels 2) evaluate diabetes prevention behaviors and 3) analyze the influence of health literacy on diabetes prevention behaviors among residents in Sai Mai District communities, Bangkok. This cross-sectional survey research included 317 participants aged 35 years and above, selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected from June to September 2024 using questionnaires with content validity and reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.87). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the majority of participants had moderate levels of health literacy (65.3%) and diabetes prevention behaviors (58.7%). Factors significantly influencing diabetes prevention behaviors included education level (β = .325, p &lt; .001), health information accessibility (β = .298, p &lt; .001), self-management (β = .276, p &lt; .001), age (β = .245, p &lt; .01), and income (β = .198, p &lt; .01). These variables collectively explained 52.3% of the variance in diabetes prevention behaviors (R² = .523). The findings can be applied to develop appropriate health literacy promotion programs and diabetes prevention behaviors suitable for the community context.

Simplified Jaw Functional Limitation Scale for Temporomandibular Disorders: Psychometric Evaluation.

This study aimed to simplify the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS) and evaluate its reliability and validity in assessing jaw function in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in primary care. TMD patients and non-TMD participants were assessed using Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Demographic data and the 8-item JFLS questionnaire were collected to quantify jaw functional restriction. Confirmatory factor analysis tested the validity of JFLS-8 using chi-square, comparative fit index (CFI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and root mean square residual (RMR). The study selected key items from each domain to create a 4-item JFLS for further testing. Exploratory factor analysis, reliability, and validity tests were conducted. Analysis included 671 valid questionnaires (502 TMD patients, 169 non-TMD participants). JFLS-8 exhibited satisfactory fit among TMD patients (RMSEA = 0.143, CFI = 0.881, RMR = 0.567). JFLS-4 retained items with high factor loadings: JFLS1 (0.935), JFLS2 (0.923), JFLS7 (0.766), and JFLS5 (0.713). The simplified JFLS-4 showed good reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.714) and validity (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin 0.558, Bartlett's test < 0.001) among TMD patients. A 4-item JFLS was developed and validated, demonstrating good reliability and validity in assessing mandibular function in TMD patients, exhibiting the potential to streamline evaluation processes in clinical practice.

Reliability generalization meta-analysis of the internal consistency of the Big Five Inventory (BFI) by comparing BFI (44 items) and BFI-2 (60 items) versions controlling for age, sex, language factors

IntroductionThe Big Five Inventory (BFI) is a popular measure that evaluates personality on the Big-Five model. Apart from its utilization across cultures, the literature did not reveal any meta-analysis for the reliability of the different versions of the BFI and its translations. The current study carried out a reliability generalization meta-analysis (REGEMA) to establish the reliability of the BFI across cultures and languages.MethodsWe searched 30 databases for the relevant studies from 1991 to mid-November 2024. The studies that we intended to include in our meta-analysis required to have utilized the BFI (44 items) and the BFI-2 (60 items) and have reported Cronbach's alpha or McDonald's omega reliability estimates. Our coded variables included BFI version, sample size, population type, age, gender, clinical state, and reliability. A total of 57 studies (datapoints) published in 34 research articles (involving 43,715 participants; 60.24% women; Mean age = 30.08) from various cultures and languages were finally included. These studies used BFI and BFI-2 in Arabic, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swahili, and Turkish. Data analysis was conducted using the metafor and meta packages in R. The average correlation was computed using a random-effects model and reliability coefficients indicated effect size. I2 and Cochran's Q tests were used to examine heterogeneity, with prediction intervals suggesting genuine influences around the pooled estimate. Using funnel plots, regression-based tests (e.g., Egger's regression, rank correlation), and trim-and-fill imputation, publication bias was adjusted to estimate unbiased effects.ResultsWe calculated the individual and combined reliability of the BFI and BFI-2 across languages and cultures. The results revealed the reliability of all five factors used in the BFI/BFI-2. The BFI estimates provide the following results: openness is estimated at 0.77 (95% CI: 0.75; 0.80); conscientiousness is estimated at 0.80 (95% CI: 0.78; 0.82); extraversion is also estimated at 0.80 (95% CI: 0.79; 0.82); agreeableness is estimated at 0.73 (95% CI: 0.71; 0.76); and neuroticism is estimated at 0.80 (95% CI: 0.79; 0.82). The BFI-2 estimates are as follows: openness is estimated at 0.83 (95% CI: 0.82; 0.84); conscientiousness is estimated at 0.86 (95% CI: 0.85; 0.87); extraversion is estimated at 0.85 (95% CI: 0.84; 0.86); agreeableness is also estimated at 0.80 (95% CI: 0.79; 81); and neuroticism is estimated at 0.89 (95% CI: 0.88; 0.89).ConclusionThe current meta-analysis represents the first reliability analysis of the BFI and the first comparison between its two different versions, the BFI (44 items) and the BFI-2 (60 items). The generalized reliability of both the BFI and BFI-2 were established. The findings confirm that the BFI and BFI-2 have good reliability across all five factors.

Determining the diagnostic cut-off on the Chinese version of severity of dependence scale for cannabis.

Cannabis use and misuse are surging among the Chinese community in East and Southeast Asia. A quick screening instrument that can effectively identify users with dependence for early intervention is in utmost need. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Severity of Dependence Scale for cannabis (C-SDS-C) in screening for the DSM-5 defined Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD). A retrospective chart review was conducted on Chinese-speaking individuals reporting cannabis use from three different substance use studies. Their demographic data, frequency of cannabis use within the past 30 days, scorings for the C-SDS-C and the severity of CUD at baseline were analyzed. The C-SDS-C exhibited high reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.778). It had a strong correlation with the severity of CUD (r = 0.456, p <.001) and a moderate correlation with the frequency of cannabis use within the past 30 days (r = 0.335, p = .001). All items loaded into a single factor which accounted for 56.64% of the variance. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that a C-SDS-C cut-off score of ≥ 3 provided optimal discrimination for moderate to severe CUD among Chinese-speaking individuals using cannabis. The C-SDS-C is a valid and reliable screening instrument to identify cannabis users with moderate-to-severe CUD in the Chinese-speaking population.

Integration of Islamic Religious Education in the Development of Reading and Numerical Literacy Tests: An Analysis of the Rasch Model

This article is in the form of the development of reading and numerical literacy tests that are integrated with Islamic religious education based on the lack of literacy skills test instruments that contain the context of Islamic religious education. The purpose of developing the test is to be able to measure literacy, numerical skills, and religious understanding as well as holistic values in the contextual realm. The object of the study was 109 students in 2 schools in Langsa Baro District. The research method is in the form of development (R&amp;D) of the ADDIE model which includes Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. Content validation showed material suitability (0.80), construction 0.0 and language clarity (0.82) with a point estimate rater of 0.799 (good) funds of 72% readability level good. Construct validation shows a minimum unidimensional of 28.3% variance and ideal instrument (p15%) and content validation for fit problems with the rasch model. The feasibility of the cronbach alpha reliability instrument is 0.96.obtained 80 items that are categorized as valid with the criteria of MNSQ, ZSTD and Pt Mean Corr and meet high reliability requirements, so that they can be used for formative or summative tests. This instrument is only limited to zakat, akiqah and qurbani materials as well as buying and selling. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to develop PAI materials and expand the number of respondents so that they can become a complete reference basis.

Validation of the somatic symptom disorder-B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) in Bangladesh.

The absence of a reliable and valid Bangla instrument for measuring somatic symptom disorder hinders research and clinical activities in Bangladesh. The present study aimed at translating and validating the Somatic Symptom Disorder-B criteria (SSD-12). A cross-sectional design was used with purposively selected clinical (n = 100) and non-clinical (n = 100) samples. The clinical sample was collected from psychiatric departments at three hospitals, while the non-clinical sample was drawn from the local community. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted on the SSD-12, along with reliability and validity assessments. Results indicated satisfactory internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha = .94, split-half r = .93); criterion-related validity (r = .86, with Morey's Somatic Complaints Scale); and construct validity (r = .64 with anxiety subscale and r = .57 with depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) of the translated scale. In contrast to the three-factor structure of the original SSD-12, the Bangla version indicated a single-factor structure (accounting for 61.29% of the total variance). This scale also demonstrates its ability to distinguish between clinical and non-clinical participants (t198 = 16.74, p < .01). The Bangla translated SSD-12 has demonstrated strong psychometric properties, indicating its suitability for use in Bangladesh. This tool is expected to aid mental health practitioners in their clinical work by providing them with a quick assessment of their patients having somatic complaints.

Gender identity as a mediator of educational inclusion in Latin American universities

Introduction: gender identity is related to university educational inclusion. The main objectives of this article are: to characterize the studied sample socio-demographically, focusing on the variable gender identity and to establish the relationship between this and the variable educational inclusion.Methods: the study adheres to the positivist research paradigm, the quantitative approach and the type of analytical research. The technique used was the survey and the instrument, a questionnaire in the Likert scale modality, composed of eight items, which was validated through a Cronbach alpha reliability analysis.Results: the instrument was applied to a population of 352 students from seven universities belonging to four Latin American countries. The results indicate the relationship of the variable gender identity with sociodemographic data of the population studied and with aspects of educational inclusion selected for the study.Conclusions: the mediation of university educational inclusion by gender identity presents an unfavorable situation, particularly with regard to inter-student relations, spaces of interculturality, treatment of ethnicity, territory of residence, presence of disability/functional disability

INTERACTIVE BLOCK GAMES TO IMPROVE VISUAL SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EARLY CHILDHOOD

The development of technology and modern lifestyle has changed children's play patterns, where more time is spent with digital devices than manipulative activities that support visual-spatial development, interactive block play is a popular activity for preschool children and has been considered by researchers as a versatile activity to help children develop technological thinking, critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, and abstract thinking, Data collection was carried out through systematic observation, documentation, and performance tests to measure the development of children's visual-spatial intelligence. The collected data were analyzed using the independent sample t-test statistical test, and the paired sample t-test to analyze the increase in scores from pretest to posttest. The validity and reliability of the instrument trial instrument with a Cronbach's alpha reliability value&gt; 0.7. based on the Sig. (2-tailed) value in the experimental class of 0.010 &lt;0.05. So there is a difference before the intervention or pretest and after the intervention or posttest. Therefore, there is an influence of interactive block play to improve visual spatial intelligence in early childhood. Children who regularly play with interactive blocks show improvements in several cognitive aspects. They have better abilities in recognizing patterns, understanding spatial relationships, and solving problems involving spatial orientation

Developing a tool to evaluate the impact of a student-led community-engaging health promotion project on knowledge translation skills in medical students

BackgroundMedical student-led health promotion projects are pivotal in enhancing community health and medical education. However, research focusing on the impact of such projects on medical students' knowledge translation skills is limited. This study aims to address this gap by developing and validating a survey tool to assess the knowledge translation skills and overall impact of a student-led health promotion project.MethodsWe designed and validated a comprehensive survey questionnaire. The tool underwent rigorous exploratory factor analysis, content and face validity checks, and reliability testing. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical students participating in a Health Promotion Project Exhibition at Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The survey explored students' perceptions of skill development and knowledge translation effectiveness.ResultsThe finalized questionnaire consisted of 33 items across four domains: preparation and organization, public education and communication, personal and professional development, and overall experience. The questionnaire demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.871 to 0.968 across domains). The analysis indicated positive student perceptions across all domains, with emphasis on skills in literature search, evidence-based medicine, communication, and teamwork.ConclusionThe study successfully developed a validated survey tool for assessing the impact of health promotion projects on medical students' knowledge translation skills. The positive outcomes suggest such projects significantly contribute to skill development in medical education. This tool could be utilized annually to monitor and enhance the effectiveness of health promotion projects, aligning with broader educational goals in public health and community medicine.Trial registrationNot applicable as this study did not involve a clinical trial.

How Might We Tell if Advances in Diabetes Care and Technology are Helping People to Feel Less Constrained? Introducing the Diabetes Constraints Scale.

Recent advances in diabetes care and technology, such as real-time continuous glucose monitoring, can help people live more freely, with more flexibility and fewer constraints, thereby enhancing quality of life (QOL). To date, there has been no validated means for measuring this key psychological dimension. We developed the Diabetes Constraints Scale (DCS) to assess perceived constraints pertaining to diabetes self-management. Six items were developed from qualitative interviews (20 adults with type 2 diabetes [T2D], 8 adults with type 1 diabetes [T1D]). Items were included in one study with T2D adults (N = 458) and one with T1D adults (N = 574). Scale reliability was analyzed for each study using exploratory factor analyses. Associations between DCS and key psychosocial and glycemic variables were assessed. In both studies, factor analyses revealed a single factor, with adequate internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha >.80). Both studies demonstrated significant associations in the expected direction between DCS and overall well-being, diabetes-specific QOL, and diabetes distress (all P < .001). In both studies, DCS was positively linked with the number of missed insulin boluses and the frequency of severe hypoglycemic episodes (T1D both P < .001; T2D both P < .005) and-in the T1D group only-with HbA1c (P < .001). The DCS is a reliable and valid method to determine the degree to which adults with diabetes feel constrained or limited by the disease. It may serve as a useful tool for assessing how new interventions can help individuals feel freer in the face of the demands of diabetes.

Оценка предрасположенности к небезопасному поведению: стандартизация методики

&lt;p&gt;The work is aimed at studying the connection between value-semantic indicators and the author's technique for modeling extreme situations to assess the respondent's predisposition to commit unsafe acts was standardized. The &lt;strong&gt;technique&lt;/strong&gt; includes two models: &amp;ldquo;mine&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;bomb&amp;rdquo;. The model is two sheets of paper (two tracks), behind one of which a conventional explosive is placed, the &amp;ldquo;mine" is a five-ruble coin, the &amp;ldquo;bomb&amp;rdquo; is a lid 8&amp;ndash;10 mm high and 68&amp;ndash;70 mm in diameter. The subject's task is to walk along the safe sheet without stepping on the sheet hiding the explosive. Four tests are conducted. The following methods were used for standardization: 1) the author's technique for modeling extreme situations; 2) subjective assessment of unsafe behavior; 3) survey of the causes of erroneous reactions; 4) calculation of mathematical statistics: descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha. &lt;strong&gt;Subjects&lt;/strong&gt;: psychology students specializing in extreme profiles &amp;mdash; 100 people. &lt;strong&gt;Result&lt;/strong&gt;: the method has subjective validity (r = 0.71) and structural reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.52). The average number of steps on a conventional &amp;ldquo;mine&amp;rdquo; = 2.1 + 0.89; it corresponds to the mathematical expectation calculated for this model. The average number of steps on a conventional &amp;ldquo;bomb&amp;rdquo; = 0.3 + 0.66. We defined the norm as: 0 steps; excess characterizes the presence of a predisposition to unsafe behavior in extreme conditions. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: it is recommended to use the experimental &amp;ldquo;bomb&amp;rdquo; model to assess the respondent's predisposition to unsafe behavior.&lt;/p&gt;