Critical View Research Articles

Vrijednost informacije u eri postistine

By reviewing the findings obtained thus far, this paper analyzes the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) on the formation and availability of valuable informations. It is hypothesized that ICT has made the process of reaching valuable information easier and more difficult at the same time. By using scientific method of analysis, the overall goal of the study has been achieved, that is, a critical view of the role of ICT in having simultaneously accelerated and facilitated the formation, dissemination, and storage/availability of valuable information - but also led to unprecedented information disorder. By undermining people's need to base decisions, attitudes, and opinions on valuable informations, the post-truth society erode one of the essential functions of the media, that is information.

RISK-BASED QUALITY CONTROL IN THE SURGICAL PATHOLOGY LABORATORY; BRIEF REVIEW AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDIVIDUALIZED QUALITY CONTROL PLAN

One of the most important tools for reducing or preventing diagnostic errors in the surgical pathology laboratory is the establishment of a quality management system. Risk analysis and quality assurance are important components to ensure the sustainability of the quality management system. Quality assurance ensures the integrity of program design and includes interrelated activities quality control and quality monitoring-evaluation programs. Risk-based thinking is expressed as the planning of risks and how they should be managed by determining the possible dangers and risks in achieving the determined goals and objectives, using the available information systematically. Laboratories must identify and carry out a large number of interrelated activities to maintain their functions effectively. To achieve its goals, it must demonstrate the ability to measure and evaluate process performance, as well as to demonstrate the effectiveness of past decisions, along with improving operational effectiveness and efficiency. With a successful quality management process, the reliability of laboratory results can be increased. In this study, our objective was to develop a roadmap for the detection, monitoring and minimization of diagnostic errors in the surgical pathology laboratory, in line with the views of international regulatory organizations, to develop a quality plan based on risk management that covers the entire analytical cycle. It is not possible to discuss the quality control of laboratories without accepting the possibility of error in surgical pathology. Investing in continuing medical education and patient safety, as well as the training of new pathologists with a critical view to reducing errors is an imperative way to improve the practice of pathology.

Contrapondo a ideologia da certeza por meio do conhecimento reflexivo na modelagem matemática

Abstract This article intends to reveal the overlap between certainty in mathematics and the development of a critical view. For this, we use the ideology of certainty concept, which can be understood as a tendency to consider mathematics always right, being the final statement of arguments and applicable in all circumstances, without exception. Additionally, to describe the students’ critical posture, we used reflective knowledge. This qualitative analysis was based on the improvement of the steps suggested by Ole Skovsmose for the development of reflective knowledge. The mathematical modeling activities had topics of interest to the students and were carried out in groups. We found that reflective knowledge tends to improve after the production of a first model and that the development of this knowledge is directly associated with the destabilization of the ideology of certainty. On the other hand, many students found it difficult to delve deeper into reflective knowledge and, consequently, have a greater distance from the ideology of certainty. Thus, we realize that it is necessary that assistance be given to students so that they can improve reflective knowledge and counter the ideology of certainty.

«Все мы летим в пропасть». Переписка Ф. Д. Батюшкова, Л. В. Собинова и А. И. Сумбатова-Южина в ноябре – декабре 1917 г.

In the fonds of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art and in the Manuscript Department of the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences there is stored correspondence of F. D. Batyushkov (who on the days of the revolution held the position of the chief commissioner for state theaters) with commissioners for the Moscow Bolshoi and Maly Theaters L. V. Sobinov and A. I. Sumbatov-Yuzhin over November and December 1917. These letters, most of which haven’t been published previously or introduced into scientific use, show the attitude of the leaders of the Department of Theatres to the Bolsheviks coming to power and to the prospect of cooperation with them. All three correspondents assessed the October Revolution negatively and spoke of their possible resignation (Batyushkov most definitely, Sobinov and Yuzhin with some reservations), but later serious discrepancies emerged in their personal strategies. Batyushkov was an implacable opponent of the Soviet government, rejecting all cooperation with the “terrorists” Bolsheviks and their representative, People's Commissar of Education A. V. Lunacharsky. On these grounds, he wanted to rally the Department of Theatres, at the head of which he stood. Positions of Yuzhin and Sobinov were more complicated. Yuzhin, who headed the Maly Theatre, shared Batyushkov's critical view of the “dominant party,” moreover, he was outraged and shocked by the pogrom of the Maly Theater by the Red Guards during street fighting in Moscow. However, his whole life was dedicated to the Maly Theater and he doubted whether he had the moral right to leave his position at such a crucial moment. Sobinov, on the other hand, was never able to overcome his personal dislike for Batyushkov (formed long before the October Revolution in disputes over the “autonomous” rights of Moscow theaters and their heads). In the emergency of November – December 1917, when the Bolsheviks established their control over banks and money transfers were extremely difficult, Sobinov did not want to put himself in the chief commissioner’s shoes and blamed him for the lack of money for the Bolshoi Theater. In December 1917, when A. V. Lunacharsky began a direct attack on Batyushkov's position in the Department of Theatres, the Petrograd state theaters expressed their support to Batyushkov. In Moscow, the situation was different: because of Sobinov's grievance with the chief commissioner and Yuzhin's attempts to coordinate his position with Sobinov, the Bolshoi and Maly Theaters did not unequivocally declare their confidence in Batyushkov, weakening the latter’s position in his conflict with Lunacharsky. The correspondence of Batyushkov, Sobinov, and Yuzhin over November – December 1917 is an important source on history of the Russian theater, as well as for studying the period of the so-called “sabotage” of civil servants after the October Revolution.

Avaliação do ensino de ética no curso médico

Abstract Ethics is a key aspect of society, presenting a critical view of cultural concepts and standards and indicating a distinction between right and wrong. In medical education, its teaching encompasses ways to care for human lives and address social relations pertaining to the profession responsibly. In Brazil, the number of ethical-professional lawsuits against physicians is increasing, and the issue may have its origins in medical school. Thus, this integrative review seeks to investigate how ethics, bioethics, and medical education are addressed by medical literature, focusing on aspects of medical ethics teaching such as methodology, course load, main topics discussed, and deficient aspects or those that require adaptation. Active methodology with the use of textbook literature emerges as the preferable teaching model, while insufficient course load and need to adapt ethics teaching to current social demands are the main deficits observed.

Automated Stand-alone Surgical Safety Evaluation for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) using Convolutional Neural Network and Constrained Local Models (CNN-CLM)

In this golden age of rapid development surgeons realized that AI could contribute to healthcare in all aspects, especially in surgery. The aim of the study will incorporate the use of Convolutional Neural Network and Constrained Local Models (CNN-CLM) which can make improvement for the assessment of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) surgery not only bring opportunities for surgery but also bring challenges on the way forward by using the edge cutting technology. The problem with the current method of surgery is the lack of safety and specific complications and problems associated with safety in each laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure. When CLM is utilize into CNN models, it is effective at predicting time series tasks like identifying the sequence of events in the Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC). This study will contribute to show the effectiveness of CNN-CLM approach on laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which will frequently focus on surgical computer vision analysis of surgical safety and related applications. The method of study is deep learning based CNN-CLM to better detect nominal safety as well as unsafe practices around the critical view of safety and AI-based grading scale. The general design flow of AI-recognition of surgical safety is firstly collecting safety surgical videos for frame segmenting and phase according to the image context by surgeon reviewer by CNN-CLM. For this advance research, the dataset is splatted into three main parts where 70% of which is used for training, 15% of which is used for testing and the rest for the cross validation, to achieve the accuracy up to 98.79% of this specific research. For result part, different metrics of CNN-CLM to evaluate the performance of the proposed model of safety in surgery. The study uses one of the top three performing methods CNN-CLM for the evaluation yields and anatomical structures in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery.

Reflexões sobre o Popular no Contexto do Grupo Mamulengo de Cheiroso de Teatro de Bonecos

ABSTRACT Reflections on the Popular in the Context of the Grupo Mamulengo de Cheiroso de Teatro de Bonecos – This article presents and discusses the notion of popular culture and theater based on the experience of the Grupo Mamulengo de Cheiroso de Teatro de Bonecos (Aracaju/SE), a popular nucleus with a specific relationship with the academic space. The study is a partial result of a master’s research and makes extensive use of literature review, primary sources, and interviews. Through these discussions, a critical view of popular theater is obtained, which can manifest itself in different places, modes, and contexts, deviating from a stereotyped and largely homogeneous view of these phenomena, resulting from literary production that approaches history from the perspective of lettered culture.

Acquisition of Slovene as a Second or Foreign Language in an Intercultural Context on the Example of Selected Originally Slovene Works of Fiction

As a constantly developing ability of an individual, reading literacy is key to the understanding, critical evaluation and use of written information, and is the basis for all other types of literacy when acquiring a native or non-native (second or foreign) language. While all the components of reading literacy are important, this paper emphasizes the 4th, 5th, 8th and 9th components. Selected originally Slovene works of fiction (Moj prijatelj je drugačen; Ali te lahko objamem močno?) are analyzed from a cross-cultural and linguistic points of view, taking into consideration basic information about the works themselves through the prism of didactic orientations, and with a critical view of the didactic instruments prepared by the authors themselves.

Determining Predictors for Failure to Achieve the Critical View of Safety Following Implementation of a Multicentre Protocol for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Determining Predictors for Failure to Achieve the Critical View of Safety Following Implementation of a Multicentre Protocol for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Data Toxicology in Portugal: Where are we?

Despite the efforts of the World Health Organization (WHO), there are no global statistics on clinical intoxications. While WHO recommends that all countries establish and strengthen poison centers, less than half of WHO member states have only one of these centers. Due the lack of information, this article aims to give a current and critical view of the situation of clinical toxicology in Portugal. Studies and data about clinical intoxications in hospital emergency services in Portugal between 2010 and 2022 were analyzed. In Portugal, there are only some punctual national studies concentrated in certain geographic areas. Different poisoning parameters were regarded. In those studies, differences were found concerning the route of administration, the time distribution of poisonings and the toxic substances involved. The results are in line with the statistics of the official Poison Center of Portugal Centro de Informação Antivenenos. There is still a lot to be done by the Portuguese authorities to emulate other countries’ situation. This is the only way to get to know the country’s profile, through comparison with data from other countries, and also allowing establishing public health policies and alert systems.

Integration of ICG-fluorescence cholangiography into the safety system of laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Is evaluating the possibility of integrating ICG-fluorescent cholangiography into the general safety system for laparoscopic cholecystectomy to prevent damage to the extrahepatic bile ducts by working out the methodological aspects of navigation technologies. The analysis of literature data on various approaches to improve the perioperative identification of anatomical structures during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, including the ICG-fluorescent cholangiography, was carried out. This program was implemented during the provision of elective surgical care to 24 patients with cholelithiasis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with ICG-fluorescent navigation. The developed program included: preoperative assessment of the anatomy of the biliary tree using MRCP; intraoperative technique of safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy with mandatory application of the concept of «critical view of safety» (CVS), which allows the most effective identification of the necessary anatomical structures; the use of ICG-fluorescent cholangiography, which allows to improve the control of anatomical structures at all stages of the operations. The first experience of using ICG-fluorescent cholangiography testifies to the high informative value of the method, the possibility and prospects of integrating the technology into a comprehensive safety system during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Reception of the Christian Tradition in the Works of Marina Paley’s Prose

The author argues that Marina Paley, being an intellectual writer, tries to find out genre form for proper representation of her worldview and aesthetic values. Consequently Paley pays attention to the Christian literary tradition The purpose of writing the article was to study the writer’s embodiment of the author’s consciousness in the genre forms of the Yuletide/Christmas story (“An Enclave for two”) and parable (parable novel “Choir”). The objective of the article is to analyze the embodiment of the writer’s consciousness in the genre forms of the Yuletide/Christmas story and parable. The article reviews the characteristics and peculiarities of modern Yuletide/ Christmas story. Many contemporary Russian writers use this genre form to criticize the immorality and lack of spirituality of society. Marina Paley also interprets the motive of the miracle in her own way. The miracle is the result of personal efforts. However, there is no spiritual rebirth or revelation with the character, she remains true to her conviction. Th us, Christmas time also acts as a test of a person’s character. The Christmas motifs are also can be found in the play “The Immersion” that shows a sharply critical view of the social structure. In contrast to the story “An Enclave for Two”, the eff orts of the characters do not bring results, the Christmas miracle does not happen, and the Yuletide and Christmas elements in this play emphasize only the absurdity of the soulless reality. The interpretation of the parable genre allows the author, without descending to a moralizing text with an action guide, to create a work that encourages an analytical look at the nature of human relationships and Divine Providence. Keywords: Marina Paley, literary tradition, parable, Christmas story, Yuletide story, tragicomedy buff.

Edukacja otwierająca – międzykulturowa i proekologiczna – edukacja do przyszłości?

This article is aimed at presenting the main assumptions of the opening education in the context of the need to develop regional, intercultural and pro-environmental education. The reflections and diagnoses presented in the text draw on both the author’s research and teaching experience, as well as on a critical view of educational policy developed in Poland. The author asks if opening education can be used as a tool for the democratizing and ecologisation of knowledge, shaping an open society and social imagination. In the context of late capitalism, the dominant neoliberal rationality, the multiculturalism of the world, the climate and environmental crisis, an important aspect of the discussion is the diagnosis of the need to practice opening education to the future.

ARTIGO - AVALIAÇÃO MISTA PARA PROMOÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: POTENCIALIDADES E TENSÕES EM PRODUÇÃO COLETIVA

ABSTRACT: The evaluation of the quality of Early Childhood Education constitutes a field of knowledge and practices that mobilize structural aspects into the area considering the competence of the different agents in the evaluation processes and their effects in the effectiveness of public policy. In the framework of an evaluation aligned with the promotion of quality and the recognition of Early Childhood Education as a public policy subordinate to social control, we propose to discuss the potentialities and tensions present in the mixed-method evaluation, a model that combines internal and external procedures and instruments inside and outside of institutions. The discussion starts from a mixed-method evaluation experience carried out in conjunction with the technical team of the Public Ministry of the State of São Paulo (MPSP), in the Special Education Group of Ribeirão Preto. The results indicate that the mixed evaluation was powerful because of its dialogic format: the external evaluation allowed a technical and multiprofessional look aligned with the public quality policy; the internal evaluation facilitated a collective self-reflection on quality but showed different strengths and weaknesses in terms of critical views. By combining these perspectives, possibilities are created for overcoming the limitations of each type of evaluation, and also for reflecting on the dynamics of relationships between individuals and public agencies.

Electronic medical records: critical views of doctors in the metropolitan region of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Resumen Los procesos de digitalización del siglo XX extendieron el uso de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación al campo de la salud. El artículo aborda la Historia Clínica Electrónica a partir de las críticas y debilidades señaladas por especialistas en Clínica Médica, Medicina General y/o de Familia del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina. El diseño metodológico cualitativo incluyó 43 entrevistas realizadas entre junio de 2019 y marzo de 2020. El andamiaje teórico interpretativo articula tres campos: Comunicación y Salud; Biomedicina, Biopolítica y Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación; Subjetividad, Derechos y Género. Los principales resultados conciernen a cambios en las relaciones médico-paciente, registro y uso de datos, implicancias sobre los derechos y las subjetividades, potencialidades y problemáticas de la informatización en salud en un contexto de precaria infraestructura, desafíos en la regulación y desigualdades estructurales.

Assessment of routine use of critical view of safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, prospective cohort study

Background The reported frequency of biliary injuries has tripled to 0.4% since the advent and widespread usage of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the 1990s. The goal of this study: in terms of practicality and safety, is to evaluate the effectiveness of a critical perspective on safety during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients and Methods This prospective cohort research included 100 patients who received laparoscopic cholecystectomy between 2018 and 2021 at Assiut University Hospital and Assiut Police Hospital. Results According to the data, just one individual out of 100 suffered from bleeding, another from a bile leak, and no one suffered from liver or viscus damage. Conclusion The most secure approach to comprehend the triangle’s design is from the vital aspect of safety, and understanding so significantly aids in the prevention of ductal harm. Significant bile duct damage and accompanying complications may be avoided by employing Critical View of Safety in clinical practice.

Mirror Metaphor: A New Exploration of the Critical View of “The One Who Knows the Tone” in The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons

Mirror Metaphor: A New Exploration of the Critical View of “The One Who Knows the Tone” in The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons

At the origins of the Norwegian detective: Murder in Maurits Christopher Hansen’s prose

This article discusses the function of the murder motif in M. C. Hansen’s prose. It shows that this motif is strongly related to the author’s quest for novel ways to represent reality, his ambition to portray the private lives of everyday Norwegians, and his goal to illustrate the moral development — or, on the contrary, the degeneration — of his characters. A crucial plot-forming device, the motif of murder is frequently combined with the motif of insanity as retaliation for the committed crime. It is possible to see how a critical view of modernity gradually replaces the distinct religious pathos of Hansen’s early prose (Den gale Christian (The Mad Christian), Keadan, eller Klosterruinen (Keadan, or the Abbey Ruins), Novellen (The Short Story), Den myrdede brudgom (The Murdered Groom)), inevitably leading to the emergence of a new kind of hero. The nature of this hero is determined by the surroundings and environment, the narrative becomes more psychologizing, and the interest in daily life takes the place of the theme of the moral revival (Jutulskoppen (The Troll Mountain) and Mordet på Maskinbygger Roolfsen (The Murder of Engine Maker Roolfsen)). Hansen’s writings from this time period are distinguished by a tragic perspective. The notion of a moral revival of man loses its appeal to the author. He feels that profit and vanity have replaced love, and that true feelings are doomed to vanish. The themes of mistrust between close people, the corruption of the ruling class, the oppressed position of the people, and the inability to escape from social oppression take on a new significance. We discover that Hansen’s interest in the everyday and private lives of regular people is linked to his search for artistic research tools, whereas the motifs of murder and crime investigation aid the writer in creating a vivid and accurate picture of contemporary Norwegian society while also making his narratives more entertaining.

O AMBIENTE EDUCACIONAL PELAS LENTES DE UM GRUPO DE MENTORIA ENTRE PARES PARA ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA

ABSTRACT: The perception of the learning process is shaped by individual experiences and related to the academic environment. This article aimed to evaluate the perception of the educational environment of medical students linked to the peer-mentoring group GEDAAM (Study Group on Didactics Applied to Medical Learning) at the Federal University of Minas Gerais. The data come from a cross-sectional study with 129 members of GEDAAM. The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) scale was used to assess the perception of the educational environment. Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed (Chi-square test). For almost all assessed domains, the students' perception was more positive than negative (Global score = 108.41). The longer the length of stay at GEDAAM, the worse the Global perception of the educational environment. It is suggested that participating in GEDAAM contributes to a more critical view of the medical teaching environment.

Being critical of the critical view of safety: alternate approach in the armamentarium for laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Being critical of the critical view of safety: alternate approach in the armamentarium for laparoscopic cholecystectomy