Critical Discourse Analysis Approach Research Articles

Indigenous climate justice in Aotearoa New Zealand: the dangers of (mis)recognition within climate policymaking

This paper explores Indigenous climate justice in the settler-colonial context of Aotearoa New Zealand. We adopt the interdisciplinary approach of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine the extent to which Māori knowledge systems (mātauranga Māori) and Māori status as Treaty partners with the Crown (New Zealand Government) were recognised included in New Zealand’s Zero Carbon Act (ZCA). Through our exploration we reflect on and explore Māori experiences of climate injustice through lack of recognition or misrecognition. CDA helps to identify whose voices dominated the ZCA process, revealing unequal power relations between stakeholder groups, the Crown, and Māori. By analysing policy documents, long-form submissions from Māori, and interviews with Māori we shed light on the power dynamics which shaped the ZCA process and the implicit assumptions regarding Māori participation in climate policy decision-making. The misrepresentation of Māori as stakeholders rather than treaty partners perpetuates historical legacies of colonization. By applying CDA within the context of climate justice, we highlight tensions between Māori aspirations for partnership and the actual treatment of Māori as stakeholders rather than Treaty partners. By closely examining the narratives surrounding the formation of the ZCA, CDA reveals the ways in which Māori voices are side-lined, their aspirations and concerns dismissed, their Indigenous knowledge systems (mātauranga-a-iwi and mātauranga-a-hapu) marginalized, and their rights to retain their tino rangatiratanga (sovereignty) violated.

Michel Foucault's Critical Discourse Analysis of Controversy News in Islamic Boarding Schools

This research aims to analyze the construction of power and knowledge within the polemics that occurred at Al-Zaytun Islamic Boarding Schools. The study adopts a critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach, utilizing the framework of Michel Foucault's thinking. The primary data source for this research consists of news coverage published by Kompas.com, a leading news website in Indonesia. The collected news articles underwent a rigorous qualitative analysis process guided by the principles of critical discourse analysis and Michel Foucault's framework. Research shows that differences in interpretation and understanding of religious teachings cause controversies in Islamic boarding schools. The construction of power and knowledge in Islamic boarding schools plays a vital role in shaping the views and actions of individuals and the wider community. Islamic boarding schools have authority in interpreting and teaching religious teachings to students, and this includes a hierarchical structure in leadership, decisions taken by kyai or caregivers, and control over the religious knowledge conveyed to students. This research provides a deeper understanding of power, knowledge, and resistance dynamics within the context of polemics. From Michel Foucault's perspective, critical discourse analysis offers a critical view of the relationship between power, knowledge, and discourse in society.

ORIENTALISM IN JOHN UPDIKE’S TERRORIST

The goal of this research is to look at John Updike's "Terrorist" as a Neo-Orientalist depiction of Muslims, particularly Arabs. Indeed, since the Crusades, there has been a centuries-long conflict between the West and Islam. The crusaders' philosophy was centered on the duality of "we" versus "them.". Western monarchs, clergy, missionaries, businessmen, and authors tended to see Islam and Muslims through myopic lenses, creating an exotic, weird, and distorted image of Islam and Muslims in their stories. These tales had a profound impact on how the Muslim and Islamic worlds were portrayed in the scholarly subject of Orientalism. The study demonstrates that orientalist depictions of Muslims as barbarians, lethargic, unprogressive, and a potential threat to world peace are still prevalent in today's world. Neo-Orientalism is the post-colonial label for this reincarnation of orientalist ideology. This Neo-Orientalist thought is echoed in many literary works written in the aftermath of 9/11. The famous novel "Terrorist" by John Updike, released in 2006, has been chosen as a model work for this purpose. The use of the Critical Discourse Analysis approach to the critical analysis of the story, particularly the depiction of Muslim characters. Furthermore, Updike's portrayal of Islam is based on its flaws, such as its indifference for self-improvement and modernity. The Muslim other is framed as the flawed equivalent of the perfect non-Muslim American in this novel's orientalism and imperfection designs.

Persuasion Strategies in Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 Document: A Critical Discourse Analysis Approach

By adopting a critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach, this paper explores the strategies of persuasion employed in the Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 document. More specifically, the paper attempts to identify the various persuasion strategies used in the document of the 2030 Vision, the way through which these persuasion strategies are linguistically manifested, and the different modes of persuasion used in the document. The primary research questions of this study are: first, what are the different modes of persuasion employed in the Saudi Arabia 2030 Vision? Second, what are the strategies of persuasion used in the document under investigation? Third, how are these strategies linguistically manifested in the document at hand? Findings reveal that there are five strategies that are highly representative as persuasion conduits in the Saudi Arabia 2030 Vision. These include lexical choices, the inclusive ‘we’, religionization, future promises, and compositional summarization. The five strategies accentuate the assumption that the process of persuasion is successfully communicated at the various levels of linguistic analysis: lexically, semantically, pragmatically, and stylistically.

Manifestations of Epistemic Violence in Assumptions of Students in an Undergraduate Classroom in Bangladesh

Epistemic violence refers to the silencing and displacing of a system of knowledge deemed to be inferior by another system of knowledge self-perceived as superior. In postcolonial context, it refers to the dominance and imposition of Western ways of perceiving the world by displacing the non-Western ways of perceiving the world. Colonial discourse is so encompassing in the postcolonial countries that students come to the classroom with assumptions that carry baggage of epistemic violence. According to Freire, the manifestations of this global “theme” may take particular dimensions in particular societies. Critical interrogation of epistemic violence requires identification of the particular manifestations of epistemic violence in particular societies. Following the approach of critical discourse analysis, this paper attempts to explore how epistemic violence manifests itself in the student assumptions exposed in their classroom interactions in an undergraduate classroom in Bangladesh, a postcolonial country. The findings reveal that besides the Western form of epistemic violence, there are local varieties of epistemic violence in Bangladesh. The discourses contributing to epistemic violence have been so ingrained in society that they appear as symbolic capital exercising symbolic violence where education plays a big role. The manifestations of epistemic violence in the context of Bangladesh revealed in this study have implications for framing critical instruction for problematising epistemic violence in postcolonial countries like Bangladesh.

Keberpihakan Media Online dalam Konflik Kepemimpinan Lokal: Analisis Wacana Kritis Roger Fowler

Local leadership often causes turmoil and conflict, especially between regional heads and their deputies. This was recorded on Instagram @indramayuterkini and @indramayuinfo as local online media which reported on the conflict between the Regent and Deputy Regent of Indramayu. This research aims to describe the alignment of the two local online media through the dimensions of vocabulary and grammar. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a critical discourse analysis approach according to the Roger Fowler model to analyze media partiality from aspects of vocabulary and grammar. The data analyzed were 3 news texts from Instagram Uploads @indramayuterkini and 3 news texts from @indramayuinfo during the period 14 February 2023–2 March 2023. The results of the research showed that the vocabulary and grammar used by local online media on Instagram @indramayuterkini tended to be cornering and limiting public view of the other party. On the other hand, the @indramayuterkini media is trying to build a positive narrative for the Regent of Indramayu. The opposite happened to the media @indramayuinfo which tended to use positive vocabulary and grammar toward the Deputy Regent of Indramayu. However, the other party is actually narrated through a cornering narrative. From the result of this research, it can be concluded that the local online media @indramayuterkini shows siding with the Regent of Indramayu, while @indramayuinfo shows siding with the Deputy Regent of Indramayu.

Nilai Islam Dalam Media (Analisis Wacana Kritis Film Hati Suhita)

This study discusses the Islamic values contained on the media in the form of the film Hati Suhita. with a relatively large audience of 507,167 in 2023. The aim of this study is to reveal the da'wah discourse and the Islamic values contained in the film. There are a number of theories used, including the da'wah theories popularized by Ansari and Asmuni Syukur. The theories discuss "maddah" or material and "wasilah" or media. Another theory used in this study is about the basic Islamic values which were popularized by Hadi Yasin and Muhammad Quraish Shihab. The Islamic values discussed in the theory regarding aqidah, sharia, and akhlak. This study is qualitative research with Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis approach. Data collection was carried out by text analysis, observing the production team's statements, as well as extracting audience opinions through surveys and interviews. The results of this study show, 1) strengthening the Islamic message in the film was carried out from the preparation period in the production process; 2) Islamic messages about aqidah, sharia and morals can be received directly by the audience; 3) da'wah discourse with the main values of Islamic teachings packaged with narratives of relationships among characters.

Media representations of China's inclusive education: A corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis.

The Chinese government aspires for inclusive education to serve as an exemplary model in addressing educational inequity issues and establishing a responsible global image as a major power. Nevertheless, there has been limited focus on China's news media coverage concerning its inclusive education initiatives aimed at international audiences. To bridge this gap, this study employed a corpus-assisted critical discourse analytic approach to examine China's self-image in relation to its inclusive education endeavours. Seventy-three English-language news articles from the official channel were retrieved for meticulous line-by-line concordance analysis. The results indicate that out of the 520 co-occurring instances, they can be broadly categorised into four groups: efforts to develop inclusive education (65.4%); consensus on benefits of inclusive education (24.5%); challenges faced by inclusive education (4.8%); and others (5.4%). This study illuminates the effective utilisation of official media in the image construction of inclusive education in China.

Teori Roger Fowler dalam Strategi Penggunaan Kosakata dan Tata Bahasa pada Pemberitaan Serambinews.Com

One topic of crime reporting and legal issues that is currently being widely discussed is murder cases. Critical discourse analysis helps uncover and understand hidden agenda interests behind the way reporting is done. By using Roger Fowler's critical discourse analysis approach, this research will pay attention to how the mass media uses certain vocabulary, grammar and transformations to shape and direct readers' views. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research and tends to use analysis. Process and meaning (subject perspective) are more emphasized in qualitative research. From the results of the research analysis and discussion, there is the use of Roger Fowler's theory in the vocabulary aspect; limiting views, discourse battles, and marginalization, as well as grammatical aspects in the form of using active sentences in writing news headlines to reveal the father-in-law as the subject (S), the perpetrator of the murder as the party to blame. Fitria's victim is marginalized and leads readers to position themselves as those who share in the cruelty towards the victim by the perpetrator.

Examining Societal Expectations and Power Structures in Jamaica Kincaid's "Girl" Using Van Dijk's Framework

This research employs Van Dijk's framework to analyze societal expectations and power structures depicted in Jamaica Kincaid's "Girl." This study, utilizing Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis approach, explores how text and talk within the story manifest, perpetuate, and challenge social power abuse, dominance, and inequality. Through a descriptive qualitative analysis, this research delves into the power dynamics, language use, and gender roles within the narrative, uncovering instances of power relations and disciplinary mechanisms. The study explores how language functions as a form of power, regulating social realities and constructing gendered norms. It also examines the ways in which the characters negotiate and resist societal expectations, revealing moments of agency within the text. Ultimately, this analysis sheds light on the complex interplay between language, power, and societal expectations in "Girl," contributing to a deeper understanding of the narrative's socio-political implications.

Achieving fidelity through self-translation: a case study of Friday sermons by Imam Mohammed Ewes

This study investigates whether fidelity was achieved in the self-translation of Friday sermons by imam Mohammed Ewes. Ewes is an Egyptian Muslim imam who immigrated to the United Kingdom in 1996. When writing this paper, he had been preaching at Al-Birr Mosque in London for 25 years. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, he is one of the few Muslim imams in the Islamic world to have self-translated and compiled his religious sermons into a single book. This study adopts the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach to analyze the data. We extracted the data from Ewes’s book Pulpit Sermons in Arabic and English, written in Arabic and self-translated into English by Ewes himself. Specifically, we selected eight sermons randomly from the book. We analyzed the data using Ajunwa’s (2015) approach to assessing fidelity in translation. The findings show that fidelity was not achieved in the self-translation because the self-translator did not produce a faithful and accurate translation. Therefore, the self-translation of Ewes’s Friday sermons cannot be regarded as a true translation but as a rewritten translation.

Implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Islamic Religion Subjects

This research aims to explain how the Merdeka Curriculum is implemented in Islamic Religious Education subjects at Harapan Mandiri Middle School in Medan. The research method is qualitative using a critical discourse analysis approach, namely observing facts that actually occurred and comparing them with related documents and testing the level of achievement. The research results obtained are, firstly, the Merdeka curriculum at Harapan Mandiri Middle School in Medan includes three activities, namely diagnostic assessment, P5 (Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project), and PMO (Project Management Office). Both PAI teaching processes with the Independent Curriculum at Harapan Mandiri Middle School in Medan have fully adopted the Independent Curriculum approach in planning, implementation and assessment. The three student learning outcomes when the Merdeka Curriculum was applied to Islamic Religion subjects at Harapan Mandiri Middle School in Medan showed a significant increase in the cognitive and psychomotor aspects, but the affective aspect experienced a less significant increase. The four obstacles in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum in Islamic Religion subjects at Harapan Mandiri Middle School in Medan involve senior teachers who are less familiar with technology as an internal problem, and parents who do not understand the Merdeka Curriculum as an external problem. The recommended solution to overcome obstacles in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum at Harapan Mandiri Middle School in Medan is that teachers must improve their pedagogical competence by reading educational books, writing scientific papers, following the latest news, and taking part in training. Parents of students who do not understand the Merdeka Curriculum are advised to can communicate effectively and provide regular explanations regarding the independent curriculum.

Identifying Ageism Within Australian Local Government Physical Activity Policy: A Critical Discourse Analysis.

This research aims to identify ageist content concerning older adults within local government physical activity policy. Policies are not passive texts; they can comprise hidden or disputed connotations. To identify ageism, the study utilizes a critical discourse analysis approach to analyze physical activity policy documents (n = 61) from 16 local government areas in Victoria, Australia, and the perceptions of local government employees trusted with developing these policies, which were gathered during semistructured interviews (n = 11). Results from the critical discourse analysis indicate that local government policies are imbued with ageism, leading to the construction and perpetuation of various stereotypes of older adults. The discourse analysis points to potentially ageist descriptions including older adults being vulnerable, incapable, and a financial burden. Nonetheless, older adults were also revealed to be significant contributors to the community including in paid employment, caregiving roles, and volunteering.

WACANA KRITIS SARA MILLS DALAM KASUS KDRT LESTI KEJORA PADA AKUN INSTAGRAM @LAMBETURAH_OFFICIAL

The purpose of this study is to describe the position of the subject and the position of the reader in the post on the @lambeturah_official Instagram account. This study uses a critical discourse analysis approach to media texts. To answer the research problem, the feminist theory initiated by Sara Mills is used. This research method uses qualitative methods and descriptive approaches. This type of research is literature, namely research where data is taken mainly from the literature (books, documents, articles, reports, newspapers, and so on). The data in this study are in the form of words, phrases, and sentences on Instagram social media that discuss the cases of domestic violence against Lesti and Rizky Billar. The data source in this study is the Instagram account @lambeturah_official which reports on the Lesti Kejora domestic violence case. The results of the study used Sara Mills' critical discourse analysis on the Instagram account @lambeturah_official showing Lesti Kejora as a woman's position (subject) and also from the reader's point of view raises concern for Lesti as a victim of domestic violence.

Identity and Marketing Strategies: Lessons Learnt From Indonesian University Websites

Purpose: Analysing how institutions present themselves on websites provides significant benefits in unravelling the intricacies of the messages educational institutions aim to communicate. In the context of Indonesia, however, there has been limited research on the content of university websites as a promotional tool. Hence, the current study aims to address this void by offering a comprehensive exploration of how educational institutions shape their narratives in the digital era.Design/Methodology/Approach: By adopting a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach, this study describes the linguistic features of text and images on the websites of the universities located in the Province of Gorontalo, namely Universitas Negeri Gorontalo (UNG) and Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Gorontalo (UNUGO). A three-dimensional framework developed by Fairclough (2013) was employed for data analysis.Findings: UNG and UNUGO have revealed distinctive strategies in portraying their identities and marketing strategies. UNG adopts a multifaceted approach, incorporating specific historical milestones, official documents, and a symbolic logo philosophy to establish credibility and signal adaptability, while UNUGO strategically positions itself as a reputable Islamic higher education institution, emphasizing religious foundations and academic excellence.

Rethinking ethics in AI policy: a method for synthesising Graham’s critical discourse analysis approaches and the philosophical study of valuation

ABSTRACT Here I use aspects of Phil Graham’s discourse analytical work to examine forms of e/valuations and critically analyse the formulation of truths in the constitution of Artificial Intelligence (hereafter, AI). This paper focuses on two 2019 documents: Ethics guidelines for trustworthy AI (AI HLEG, 2019a) and Policy and investment recommendations for trustworthy AI (AI HLEG, 2019b). My aim here is to provide a timely contribution to contemporary philosophical–methodological innovations in documenting the constellation of values that are prefigured in human-centric constructions of AI. The analysis is informed primarily by principles from Graham’s distinctive approach to critical discourse analysis (CDA), which I take to be the philosophical study of valuation. In that approach, political economy is taken as a composite formulation of values whereby neo-liberalism is discursively entwined and progressed through a system of principles of e/valuation. This paper presents a roadmap to demonstrate the usefulness of a philosophically grounded interdisciplinary piece of linguistic research through which evaluative semantic categories can be usefully synthesised with CDA to systematically expose the assumptions which underpin current truth claims and values – in this case, about and around the ethics of AI.

Representation of Indonesian Millennials in The Presidential Election in The Mass Media (Critical Discourse Analysis Approach to an article in The Jakarta Post)

<span class="fontstyle0">The present study investigates the representation of Indonesian millennials in the 2019<br />presidential election in the mass media. How the media portray the millennials in news media becomes the purpose of this research. Qualitative research is employed to analyze the data. The data itself is taken from a news article from the Jakarta Post, “Millennials could be key to the election if they vote.” The tool used to analyze the written text is the critical analysis discourse proposed by Van Dijk (2011) and Fairclough (2005). It is found that millennials in the news article view millennials as an object. Their roles have not been explored deeply to see their potential in developing better political life. Millennials are urgently needed only for the sake of their voices and votes not their contribution to the politic itself.</span> <br /><br /><p> </p>

Ubuciko Bomlomo: Wedding Songs as an Effective Means of Communication and Education among The Zulu People

Songs are an integral aspect of Zulu folklore, as they are performed in almost all ceremonies in Zulu culture. Every ceremony, or occasion in which people come together, such as a wedding ceremony, (coming of (age), mhlonyana (girls ceremony when they reach womanhood) or a funeral gathering, has particular songs associated with it. The aim of this paper was to explore the effectiveness of wedding songs as a means of communication and education in Zulu culture. The researchers first discussed the importance of music in African societies and secondly examined its role as a means of communication and education. The study adopted a qualitative approach located within the interpretivist paradigm. Ten songs were selected to illustrate how artists use songs to convey social messages. The songs were analysed using the critical discourse analysis approach. The researchers argued that the Zulu people compose songs to record a certain event or convey a social message. Thus, wedding songs do not only entertain people at a particular gathering or ceremony but communicate crucial messages that are educational at the same time. This article has revealed that most of the Zulu wedding songs contain repetitions that emphasise a certain word with an important social message. Therefore, the style and linguistic features of a song play a crucial role in emphasising the message embedded in it.

Kemenangan Ideologis dan Kekalahan Politik Wacana Politik Etnis Minang dalam Pemilihan Presiden 2014 dan 2019

This article examines the political discourse of the Minang ethnic group in the Presidential Elections (Pilpres) of 2014 and 2019. In both elections, the Minang candidates did not win nationally but achieved a land­slide victory in the West Sumatra province. This has created a stig­ma for the Minang ethnic group as one with a strong political iden­tity and a province with a hardline stance. This study aims to unders­tand the political discourse of the Minang ethnic group in choos­ing national leaders. The study employs Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis approach, which identifies four inter­connected dimen­sions: linguistic, discursive, social, and ideo­lo­gical. This research is a qualitative study using critical analysis methods. Data was collect­ed through in-depth interviews with Minang figures (traditional leaders, religious figures, politicians, academics, and cultural figures). The findings indicate that the political commu­ni­cation of the Minang ethnic group did not undergo a shift in perspective when it comes to viewing leadership issues. For the Minang ethnic group, a leader is highly regarded and given priority. Leaders must possess the qualities of "takah" (personal capacity and capability) and "tageh" (strength and firmness in attitude and action). Additionally, they must be recognized and accepted by the public as prominent figures. The most important factors for the Minang ethnic group in choosing a leader are shared religious beliefs, an egalitarian attitude, and adherence to customary values. The Minang ethnic group is willing to accept political defeat to maintain their belief-based selection of leaders.

Kemenangan Ideologis dan Kekalahan Politik Wacana Politik Etnis Minang dalam Pemilihan Presiden 2014 dan 2019

This article examines the political discourse of the Minang ethnic group in the Presidential Elections (Pilpres) of 2014 and 2019. In both elections, the Minang candidates did not win nationally but achieved a land­slide victory in the West Sumatra province. This has created a stig­ma for the Minang ethnic group as one with a strong political iden­tity and a province with a hardline stance. This study aims to unders­tand the political discourse of the Minang ethnic group in choos­ing national leaders. The study employs Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis approach, which identifies four inter­connected dimen­sions: linguistic, discursive, social, and ideo­lo­gical. This research is a qualitative study using critical analysis methods. Data was collect­ed through in-depth interviews with Minang figures (traditional leaders, religious figures, politicians, academics, and cultural figures). The findings indicate that the political commu­ni­cation of the Minang ethnic group did not undergo a shift in perspective when it comes to viewing leadership issues. For the Minang ethnic group, a leader is highly regarded and given priority. Leaders must possess the qualities of "takah" (personal capacity and capability) and "tageh" (strength and firmness in attitude and action). Additionally, they must be recognized and accepted by the public as prominent figures. The most important factors for the Minang ethnic group in choosing a leader are shared religious beliefs, an egalitarian attitude, and adherence to customary values. The Minang ethnic group is willing to accept political defeat to maintain their belief-based selection of leaders.