Selection Criteria Research Articles

Clinical and demographic characteristics of frontal fibrosing alopecia in a dermatology referral center in Bogota, Colombia: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a type of scarring alopecia that is characterized by a symmetrical recession of the frontal/temporal hairline. Despite growing interest in this pathology, there is scarce data on its epidemiology in Latin American countries such as Colombia. To estimate the frequency and describe the clinical manifestations and factors associated with FFA. This descriptive cross-sectional study reviewed the electronic health records of adult patients diagnosed with FFA at a referral center in the city of Bogota, Colombia, between 2018 and 2021. Of the 1506 patients diagnosed with scarring alopecia, 213 fully met the selection criteria (14.14%). Patients had a median age at diagnosis of 60 years (Q1-Q3: 49-67 years) and were more frequently female (95.31%). Concurrent eyebrow alopecia was the most frequent clinical presentation (56.34%). Perifollicular desquamation was present in 114 patients (53.52%), perifollicular erythema in 56 (26.29%), and both features simultaneously in 35 (16.43%). Sunscreen use was reported by 116 (54.46%) and facial moisturizers by 38 (17.84%), both of which have been reported as risk factors. The small sample size and the lack of racial and geographical diversity in the subjects. This study provides baseline epidemiological data in a Colombian sample. Sex, location of alopecia, and symptoms were consistent with those reported in the literature, but age at presentation, tobacco use, use of wigs, and dyes differed from those reported in other countries.

Comments on "Extraction, purification, characteristics, bioactivities, prospects, and toxicity of Lilium spp. polysaccharides by Li et al. (2024) in Int. J. Biol. Macromol."

Lilium spp. polysaccharides (LSPs) are gaining significant attention for their diverse health benefits, including antioxidant, antitumor, and antibacterial properties. This paper critically analyzes a recent comprehensive review by Li et al., published in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, focusing on LSP extraction, purification, and health benefits. While the original review offers valuable insights, this critique identifies opportunities to strengthen the bibliometric analysis section. This study employs a comprehensive search strategy in Scopus using specific keywords and covering a broader time frame (1975-2023), revealing 94 research articles on LSPs. The critique proposes improvements to enhance transparency and impact, such as specifying search queries and Boolean operators used across databases, detailing selection criteria, and incorporating advanced analyses. This article discusses author keyword analysis, co-citation analysis of cited authors, and bibliographic coupling analysis of documents using VOSviewer software. The global landscape mapping of LSP relationships involving authors, countries, and keywords was determined using RStudio software. These refinements will provide a more robust foundation for understanding the LSP research landscape and future research directions while also addressing common pitfalls and suggesting improvements in bibliometric analysis for future studies.

A review of health equity considerations in Cochrane reviews of lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular health in adults

ObjectiveCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global disease burden and rising healthcare costs. Systematic reviews (SRs) rigorously evaluate evidence on health interventions' effects and guide personal, clinical, and policy decision-making. Health equity is the absence of avoidable and unfair differences in health between groups within a population. Assessing equity in lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular health is important due to persisting health inequities in CVD burden and access to interventions. We aim to explore how health equity considerations are addressed in Cochrane SRs of lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular health. Study Design and SettingThis is a methodological review of Cochrane SRs of lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular health using the PROGRESS-Plus framework. PROGRESS-Plus stands for Place of residence, Race/ethnicity/culture/language, Occupation, Gender/sex, Religion, Education, Socioeconomic status, and Social capital, while “Plus” stands for additional factors associated with discrimination and exclusion such as age, disability, and comorbidity. Using predefined selection criteria, two authors independently screened all Cochrane reviews published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews between August 2017 and December 2022. PROGRESS-Plus factors in the SRs were sought in the Summary of Findings (SoF) table, Methods/Inclusion criteria, Methods/Subgroup analyses, Results/Included studies, Results/Subgroup analyses, and Discussion/Overall completeness and applicability of evidence. ResultsWe included 36 SRs published by 10 Cochrane groups, addressing 11 health conditions with mostly dietary and exercise interventions. The most common PROGRESS-Plus factors assessed were gender/sex, age, and comorbidity. PROGRESS-Plus factors were most addressed in the inclusion criteria (64%), the discussion (75%), and the included studies (92%) sections of the SRs. Only 33% of SoF tables referenced PROGRESS-Plus. Sixty-nine percent of the included SRs planned for subgroup analyses across one or more PROGRESS-Plus factors, but only 43% of SRs conducted subgroup analyses, suggesting limited reporting of PROGRESS-Plus factors in primary studies. ConclusionsEquity factors are not sufficiently addressed in Cochrane reviews of lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular health. Low reporting of PROGRESS-Plus factors in implications for practice and research sections of Cochrane SRs limit equity focused guidance for current clinical practice, public health interventions and future research.

JWST/NIRCam Narrowband Survey of Paβ Emitters in the Spiderweb Protocluster at z = 2.16

We report the initial result of our Paβ narrowband imaging on a protocluster with the JWST Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam). As NIRCam enables deep narrowband imaging of rest-frame near-infrared lines at z > 1, we target one of the most studied protoclusters, the Spiderweb protocluster at z = 2.16, in which previous studies have confirmed more than a hundred member galaxies. The NIRCam F405N narrowband filter covers in the Paβ line the protocluster redshift given by known protocluster members, allowing for the search for new member candidates. The weight-corrected color–magnitude diagram obtained 57 sources showing narrowband excesses, 41 of which satisfy further color selection criteria for limiting the sample to Paβ emitter candidates at z ∼ 2.16, and 24 of them do not have Hα emitter counterparts. The Paβ emitter candidates appear to follow the spatial distribution of known protocluster members; however, follow-up spectroscopic confirmation is required. Only 17 out of 58 known Hα-emitting cluster members are selected as Paβ emitters in the current data, albeit the rest fall out of the narrowband selection owing to their small Paβ equivalent widths. We derive the Paβ luminosity function in the Spiderweb protocluster, showing a normalization density of logϕ*=−2.53±0.15 at a characteristic Paβ luminosity of logL*=42.33±0.17 . Furthermore, we examine the possibility of detecting faint line emitters visible only in the narrowband image but find no promising candidates.

Cross-sectional study evaluating the effectiveness of the Mozambique–Canada maternal health project abstraction tool for maternal near miss identification in Inhambane province, Mozambique

ObjectivesThe objectives of this study are to determine whether the additional clinical criteria of the Mozambique maternal near miss abstraction tool enhance the effectiveness of the original WHO abstraction tool...

Access to and utilisation of COVID-19 antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) among the general population in Phnom Penh: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesGlobally, there is a lack of evidence regarding access to and utilisation of antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs). This might hinder public health interventions to increase testing. We conducted a...

Value of circulating tumor cell assisting low-dose computed tomography in screening pulmonary nodules based on existing liquid biopsy techniques: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

This study aims to assess the diagnostic utility of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in conjunction with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for differentiating between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and to substantiate the foundation for their integration into clinical practice. A systematic literature review was performed independently by two researchers utilizing databases including PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Medline, to collate studies up to September 15, 2023, that investigated the application of CTCs in diagnosing pulmonary nodules. A meta-analysis was executed employing Stata 15.0 and Revman 5.4 to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Additionally, trial sequential analysis was conducted using dedicated TSA software. The selection criteria identified 16 studies, encompassing a total of 3409 patients. The meta-analysis revealed that CTCs achieved a pooled sensitivity of 0.84 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.87), specificity of 0.80 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.86), PLR of 4.23 (95% CI 3.12 to 5.72), NLR of 0.20 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.25), DOR of 20.92 (95% CI 13.52 to 32.36), and AUC of 0.89 (95% CI 0.86 to 0.93). Circulating tumor cells demonstrate substantial diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing benign from malignant pulmonary nodules. The incorporation of CTCs into the diagnostic protocol can significantly augment the diagnostic efficacy of LDCT in screening for malignant lung diseases.

The status quo of global geriatric radiation oncology education: A scoping review

PurposeTo identify potential gaps in geriatric radiation oncology (RO) education worldwide, as measured by geriatric oncology (GO) content within postgraduate RO training program (TP) curricula across 8 focus countries. Methods and materialsThe need for improved education around GO is internationally recognized and is a key strategic priority of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG).Two reviewers undertook a systematic scoping review from March to September 2023. Focus countries were selected using predefined selection criteria based on national radiation therapy (RT) service provision, RT access and post-graduate specialty training standards. This review is in accordance with evidence-based curriculum design methodology and represents the initial phase i.e., problem identification and needs assessment. ResultsOverall RO TP and curriculum elements varied by jurisdiction. Common elements included length of training, summative assessments and prerequisite requirements. Considerable variability exists across TPs around identified learning outcomes, content, TP organization, training networks and accreditation.Across 6 TPs, only 2 had any documented GO curriculum content. Of these, only one contained geriatric RO content scoring moderate to high based on accepted quality benchmarks. Outside official RO TPs, there is considerable GO online education content, including face to face courses, peer-reviewed articles, learning materials and resources relevant to RO postgraduate training worldwide. However accessibility to these learning interventions may be region specific and content is not standardized. ConclusionsAs expected, this systematic scoping review has identified significant gaps in GO education within RO TPs worldwide. These findings represent an essential step in the development of evidence-based recommendations for updating standards for GO training within RO training programs and establishing a globally accepted, standardized benchmarks for minimal geriatric RO education. In turn, this will ensure future radiation oncologists are able to deliver a high standard of care to and improve outcomes for older people with cancer.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Taurine and Its Association With Colorectal Carcinoma.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers. Various options are available for treatment, but prognosis is still poor in the more advanced stages. Current screening methods are not as accurate for distinguishing between benign and malignant growths, resulting in unnecessary invasive procedures. Recently a focus has been placed on identifying metabolites. Of these, taurine has frequently been detected, and this particular compound has a multifactorial role in human physiology. We conducted a systematic review of studies up till November 2023. Searches were done in three databases- MEDLINE, CINAHL-Ebsco, and PubMed. Three independent reviewers filter titles, abstracts, and full-texts according to selection criteria. Ten studies (samples = 1714) were identified showing a differential level of taurine in CRC patient samples. Quality assessment accounted for the risk of bias of each study using the 'robvis' tool. Where meaningful comparisons could be made, meta-analyses were carried out using the 'R' program for precalculated effect sizes with 'metagen' in R. The 'meta' package was utilised for creation of forest plots. Taurine was shown to significantly increase odds of CRC. It was also significantly associated with being a discriminator for CRC as a diagnostic metabolite. This was maintained at various stages of CRC. Taurine had increased expression in CRC patients, especially when the matrix utilised was blood. Nevertheless, there was significant heterogeneity for some outcomes. In conclusion, these findings highlight the potential of using taurine as well as other bile acid metabolites (lithocholic and ursodeoxycholic acid) to diagnose CRC and illustrate the link with microbiome interactions. Overall increased taurine concentration are associated with significantly increased odds for CRC. There was mostly an increase in relative expression of taurine in CRC samples, excluding results from Wang etal.

Treatment of patellar luxation with polyethylene sulcal ridge prostheses in 44 feline stifles: a retrospective study.

The aim of this study was to assess the complication rates and long-term outcomes, as well as to refine case selection criteria for cats undergoing trochlear ridge augmentation (TRA) using an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene implant (UHMWPEI) for the treatment of patellar luxation (PL). The clinical records from two referral veterinary hospitals were searched for cases that fitted defined inclusion criteria. A short-term assessment was based on examination and radiography at 8 weeks postoperatively. The long-term assessment was carried out at least 2 years postoperatively through examination and radiography, and less commonly via questionnaire. A total of 44 stifles in 39 patients with PL grade 2 (n = 19), 3 (n = 22) or 4 (n = 3) met the inclusion criteria. TRA using UHMWPEI was associated with minor complications in 20% of cases and major complications in 7% of cases. Minor complications included seroma formation (n = 5), superficial wound infection (n = 2), prolonged discomfort for a few weeks postoperatively (n = 1) and transient postoperative azotaemia (n = 1). After surgical correction of medial PL, one skeletally immature case developed transient grade 1 lateral PL, which resolved without intervention. Major complications comprised implant removal for ongoing lameness (n = 3). Degenerative joint disease, with mineralisation that was often marked, was noted in 26/35 (74%) cases that were available for radiographic follow-up 2 years or more after TRA. Nevertheless, good or very good long-term functional outcomes were achieved for 93% of cases. The currently available UHMWPEIs were shown to be suitable for treating PL grades 2, 3 or 4 in cats weighing ⩾3 kg. Delaying TRA until growth is completed is advised. The long-term follow-up suggested that the correction of PL in cats with UHMWPEI was sustained and that good function could be expected in the long term. Mineralisation overlying implants was common, but this was not appreciably correlated with adverse functional consequences.

Effectiveness and side effects of orthodontic traction of impacted maxillary incisors in a labially inverted position: A systematic review

Treatment of impacted upper incisors in a labially inverted position is challenging for orthodontists, and its prognosis has not been established in the literature. Thus, this systematic review aimed to determine the effectiveness and side effects of orthodontic traction of impacted maxillary incisors in a labially inverted position. A comprehensive search was conducted in multiple databases, including MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, and LILACS, up to June 30, 2024. Initially, 1640 articles were identified, and after applying specific selection criteria, 11 articles were selected for full-text evaluation. Following the review, only six studies were deemed relevant, comprising one before-and-after study, two longitudinal retrospective studies, and three cross-sectional studies. Newcastle-Ottawa and Risk of Bias (ROB-2) tools were used to assess the risk of bias in the selected studies. The average duration of traction for maxillary labially inverted impacted central incisors ranged from 8.60±1.26months to 18±6.0months, with all cases being successfully treated. Following traction, the clinical crown height of the incisors was significantly higher compared to the control group (P<0.01). Similarly, the root length of the impacted incisors after traction was shorter in the impaction group (approximately 2mm) compared to the control group. Likewise, the thickness of the alveolar bone varied among different studies. Some authors noted that the treatment group had a smaller thickness (about 0.5mm) compared to the control group (P<0.05), while other authors found similar thickness after treatment. Although there are few reported studies with a low risk of bias, it is clear that it is possible to successfully treat labially inverted impacted maxillary central incisors with apparently few side effects. Following traction, the clinical crown height of these incisors increased, while the root length was shorter than their normally erupted contralateral teeth.

Utility of icobrain for brain volumetry in multiple sclerosis clinical practice

BackgroundFew studies on multiple sclerosis (MS) have explored the variability of percentage brain volume change (PBVC) measurements obtained from different clinical MRIs. In a retrospective multicentre cohort study, we quantified the variability of annualised PBVC in clinical MRIs. MethodsClinical MRIs of relapse-onset MS patients were assessed by icobrain. Volumetric data were analysed on same-scanner and different-scanner MRI pairs if they passed quality control criteria. Alignment similarity between two images had to be comparable to same-scanner scan-rescan images. ResultsOf 6826 MRIs, 85% had appropriate volumetric sequences and 4446 serial MRI pairs were analysed. 3334 (75%) MRI pairs from 1207 patients met the inclusions. The PBVC of included MRI pairs showed variance of 0.78% for same-scanner pairs and 0.80% for different-scanner pairs. Further selection of included MRI pairs with the best variance resulted in 1885 (42%) MRI pairs with PBVC variance of 0.34%. Excluded MRI pairs with poor alignment similarity had variances of 2.97% for same-scanner pairs and 20.79% for different-scanner pairs. ConclusionIcobrain should be utilised for PBVC determination only on selected MRIs with the best alignment similarity. Applying strict selection criteria for the included MRI pairs and longitudinal imaging on the same scanner remain mandatory to reduce PBVC variability.

Teachers’ Attitude Towards Gifted Students and Their Education: A Systematic Review

The aim of this review is to synthesize the results of multiple studies that measured teachers’ attitudes towards gifted students and their education. A total of 1,356 references, 28 of which met our selection criteria, were identified through a literature search. The results suggest that teachers generally have a positive attitude toward the needs of gifted students. However, their attitudes toward pedagogical interventions, especially those that remove the child from their reference classroom, are more negative. The literature has tested several predictors of attitudes, but few have shown a robust effect, and the studies are difficult to compare due to significant methodological differences. However, interactions with gifted individuals and personal self-efficacy appear to be the most significant. Finally, there appear to be differences by country of origin related to the concept of giftedness. Further studies are necessary to confirm the impact of these variables and potential cultural differences.

The Current Role of Metastasis-Directed Therapy for Oligometastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

Approximately 20% of newly diagnosed renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases exhibit synchronous metastases, while 20% to 40% of initially localized RCC cases subsequently develop distant metastases after surgical intervention. In the management of oligometastatic RCC with a restricted number of metastatic sites, metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) plays a crucial role within the multimodal therapeutic framework. MDT, which encompasses surgical metastasectomy and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), seeks to prolong survival and increase quality of life by offering an interruption of systemic therapy. Research has demonstrated that complete metastasectomy is essential for attaining an optimal survival advantage. The criteria for patient selection remain ambiguous; nonetheless, it is crucial to consider the location of metastases and patient risk stratification. SBRT is demonstrably successful in RCC and is being progressively utilized in oligometastatic RCC. The sequencing of advanced systemic agents with comprehensive local treatment of primary and metastatic sites for oligometastatic RCC has demonstrated potential.

Exploring maternal parity and the feasibility of childbirth in space: Insights from terrestrial and extraterrestrial research

This comprehensive study, led by Ghaffari, explores the relationship between parity and various maternal health outcomes by analyzing 260 maternal death cases across Iran over a three-year period. The research, pioneering in its focus on astronaut-mothers, examines the association of parity with factors such as prolonged labor, rapid labor, induction rates, retained placenta, placental curettage, peripartum cardiomyopathy, vaginal bleeding, postnatal wellness, and maternal mortality. Methodologically, the study conducts a thorough statistical analysis of these parameters, aiming to identify patterns that may inform astronaut selection criteria for future space missions involving childbirth. Despite finding no significant correlation between parity and maternal health outcomes, the study underscores the need for further research on parity-specific differences, as current literature often amalgamates data for multiparous women. This research provides pivotal insights for advancing maternal health considerations in the unique context of space exploration.

Risk beyond the pap: A review of key epidemiological studies on cervical cancer risk factors and populations at highest risk

Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern, with notable mortality rates worldwide despite advancements in screening technologies such as the Pap smear. While screening has substantially reduced the disease's incidence, understanding risk factors that extend beyond regular screening practices is essential for comprehensive cervical cancer prevention. This review synthesizes key epidemiological studies focused on the various biological, lifestyle, and demographic factors influencing cervical cancer risk, thereby identifying the populations at the highest risk. The methodology encompasses rigorous selection criteria, including studies from renowned databases such as PubMed and Scopus, and evaluates the strengths and limitations of common epidemiological study designs like case-control and cohort studies. The review categorizes risk factors into four primary areas: HPV infection, smoking, sexual behavior and contraceptive use, and genetic predisposition, each substantiated by evidence from recent epidemiological research. Additionally, it assesses populations facing elevated risk, such as those influenced by socioeconomic, geographic, and ethnic disparities, as well as immunocompromised and age-defined groups, to outline how these variables affect cervical cancer susceptibility. The findings underscore persistent disparities in cervical cancer incidence, especially among underserved and minority populations, where access to healthcare and awareness of risk factors remain limited. This review emphasizes the importance of addressing these disparities through targeted public health policies and enhanced screening protocols. Finally, the paper recommends future research directions, highlighting the need for longitudinal and multi-population studies to better understand the complex interplay of risk factors. Insights from this review can inform public health initiatives and shape preventative measures that extend beyond screening to reduce cervical cancer risk across vulnerable populations.

The role of living donor liver transplantation in colorectal cancer liver metastases.

Despite technical and therapeutic advances, only 20-40% of patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) have resectable disease. Historically, the remaining patients with unresectable, liver-only CRLM would receive palliative chemotherapy, with a median survival of 8 months. Liver transplantation has emerged as a viable option for selected patients with CRLM. This advancement stems from improved understanding of tumour genomics and biology and better patient selection criteria. The results of recent prospective clinical trials have further ignited enthusiasm for liver transplantation as a viable therapeutic option. Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) offers several advantages over deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) for this disease, including reduced wait-time and optimized timing and coordination of oncologic therapy. On-going LDLT clinical trials have demonstrated favourable outcomes as compared with other liver transplantation indications. However, there is no established consensus or standardization in the implementation of LDLT for CRLM, beyond trials and centre-specific protocols. LDLT is an excellent therapeutic option in highly selected patients with CRLM. Refining prognostic factors and selection criteria will help to further optimize the utility and broaden the acceptance and implementation of LDLT for patients with CRLM.

Interactive virtual reality environments and emotions: a systematic review

Emotions influence the way people react in different contexts. Virtual reality (VR) makes it possible to generate environments that can resemble a real experience. These concepts were taken as the basis of the review, focusing on the use of VR on emotions. The search for information was carried out in the Scopus database (179) and other sources of information (17), and the selection criteria were applied to 196 results, such as the user’s interaction with the environment and the application of a software development of VR applications, resulting in the analysis of 16 studies. Unity was found to be used in 81.25% of the articles, HTC Vive appears in 37.5% of the research. The minimum time of application of the experience is 1-min contrasting with the maximum time of 30 min. Only theories of emotions were mentioned in 18.75% of the articles, most of the research uses VR to influence users (56.25%) and with the indicators only 1 article coincides with ISO 25000.

Myelomeningocele repair in Latin America: a systematic review.

Myelomeningocele (MMC) carries high morbidity and mortality. The Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS) showed improved outcomes after prenatal compared to postnatal repair. However, it is unclear how the MOMS trial affected practice and outcomes in the Latin American region. The objective of this study was to review the literature published by or including patients from the Latin American region and the reported management patterns of MMC. A systematic review of MMC repair was performed. Articles were included if the senior author or patient population was from a Latin American country or territory. Article characteristics such as senior author, title, year of publication, senior author department, and outcomes studied were extracted. Management of MMC repair was the primary outcome explored. A total of 71 studies satisfied all criteria for selection. Brazil (75%), Mexico (11%), Argentina (8%), Chile (7%), Costa Rica (1%), and Puerto Rico (1%) were represented countries or territories (some studies included patients from multiple countries). Neurosurgery (n = 23) was the most represented senior author department, followed by fetal medicine or fetal surgery (n = 15) and obstetrics (n = 14). Puerto Rico and Costa Rica described postnatal repair, while studies from Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Mexico described prenatal repair. Brazil was the only country to prospectively study urological outcomes, reporting little to no improvement in urological outcomes with pre- versus postnatal repair. Prospective studies showed the safety and efficacy of endoscopic, microhysterotomy, and microneurosurgical approaches to in utero surgery. Six countries or territories in the Latin American region have published articles on MMC repair. All recent papers describe a prenatal approach. Prospective studies show a trend toward open fetal microhysterotomy and microneurosurgery in the region and a need for more research on long-term urological outcomes following in utero repair.

Key Mental Health Challenges: The Role of Health Policy After COVID-19

Background; The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly impacted global mental health, revealing vulnerabilities in healthcare systems and exacerbating issues such as anxiety, depression, and PTSD. Vulnerable groups, including healthcare workers, young adults, and children, faced heightened risks due to social isolation, economic uncertainty, and disruptions to daily life. These challenges emphasized the critical need for targeted interventions and systemic improvements in mental health care. Objective; This review aims to analyze the key mental health challenges emerging post-pandemic, evaluate the roles of government policies and community interventions, and propose evidence-based strategies for prevention and rehabilitation. Additionally, it highlights innovative solutions to address service gaps and promote resilience. Methodology; A narrative review methodology was employed, synthesizing data from peer-reviewed journals, organizational reports (e.g., WHO, OECD, UNICEF), and national datasets from 2019–2023. Key themes—mental health challenges, government roles, prevention strategies, and innovative interventions—were explored through qualitative and quantitative analyses. Selection criteria focused on mental health conditions exacerbated by the pandemic and policy responses at local and national levels. Conclusions; The pandemic underscored the importance of mental health as a public health priority. Effective interventions include integrating mental health into broader health policies, increasing funding, and promoting public awareness. Prevention strategies focusing on early detection, lifestyle interventions, and community support proved vital, while rehabilitation efforts such as family involvement, peer networks, and technological tools facilitated recovery. A multisectoral, evidence-based approach is essential to build resilient mental health systems capable of addressing future challenges.