Crisis Recovery Research Articles

Diaspora engagement in tourism crisis recovery: the case of Indonesia

Diseño/metodología/enfoqueEste estudio se basó en el paradigma de constructivismo social y empleó un enfoque cualitativo. Se realizaron cuatro grupos focales (n = 25) y diez entrevistas individuales con emigrantes indonesios en Estados Unidos. Se utilizó el análisis temático para identificar los temas principales.PropósitoLa dispersión de grupos humanos que abandonan su lugar de origen, también denominado, diáspora o emigrantes, representan un grupo único y, sin embargo, a menudo ignorado en la gestión del turismo. Sus fuertes lazos con su tierra natal a menudo dan como resultado una relación con una comunidad extendida, la cual es valiosa para su tierra natal durante tiempos difíciles. Este estudio examinó el rol de los emigrantes indonesios en Estados Unidos para revivir el turismo en Indonesia durante las primeras etapas de la pandemia de COVID-19 y su motivación detrás de esos esfuerzos.ResultadosLos hallazgos muestran que el rol de la diáspora provino de dos amplias categorías: 1) activismo social, como transferencia de información, transferencia de habilidades y conocimientos, y 2) activismo económico, incluidas actividades filantrópicas, inversión y remesas, y viajes de regreso a casa. Tanto los motivos altruistas como los de intercambio social son las causas de esta relación. Los hallazgos ejemplifican la “diplomacia de la diáspora” que puede ser aprovechada como capital social para la recuperación del turismo en tierra natal después de una crisis.OriginalidadEste estudio ofrece un análisis profundo del rol de la diáspora en la recuperación del turismo. Este estudio destaca la importancia de los emigrantes como capital social para los destinos y ofrece información sobre el manejo de crisis turísticas mediante la incorporación de este interesante pero ignorado grupo.

Analysing SME investment, financing constraints and its determinants. A stochastic frontier approach

In this paper we explore the link between Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) investment and their economic characteristics, together the presence of financing constraints during the post-2008 crisis recovery period. We use novel survey data for Irish SMEs between 2016 and 2018, which disaggregates investment by asset type and allows a granular assessment typically not present in the existing literature. Our approach links investment to the marginal product of capital using a stochastic frontier model to explore and measure the presence of constraints. We also test whether liquid assets, indebtedness and investment dissatisfaction impact SMEs investment constraints. We find a clear link between investment and its marginal product with elasticities of between 0.55 and 0.65; indicating that a unit per cent increase in marginal product leads to 0.55–0.65 increases in investment. The investment efficiency estimates obtained show the presence of financing constraints. We find evidence of both internal and external finance sources explaining investment efficiency of small fixed assets. Higher collateral availability contributes to improve investment efficiency for all fixed assets.

A Conceptual Research of Public Private Partnership (PPP) Modeling on the Pandemic Recovery in China

This conceptual paper explores the relevance and potential of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the context of pandemic recovery in China. It provides a comprehensive overview of PPPs, including their definition, key concepts, types, benefits, and challenges. The paper examines the global experience with PPPs in crisis recovery and highlights their applicability in addressing the socio-economic impacts of the pandemic. Furthermore, it presents a conceptual framework for implementing PPPs in China's pandemic recovery efforts, considering the socio-economic context, stakeholder analysis, legal and regulatory considerations, risk allocation and mitigation strategies, and financial models and funding mechanisms. The paper also explores sector-specific applications of PPPs in transportation and infrastructure, healthcare and medical services, education and skills development, tourism and hospitality, and renewable energy and sustainable development. Additionally, the paper discusses implementation challenges and offers mitigation strategies related to institutional capacity and governance, project selection and procurement, transparency and accountability, and public perception and communication. The findings of this conceptual paper provide insights into the potential of PPPs in pandemic recovery, their implications for policy and practice, and future research directions.

О перераспределении полномочий членов Политического бюро ЦК РКП(б) в условиях перехода от политики «военного коммунизма» к новой экономической политике в первой половине 1920-х гг.

The article analyzes relationship that developed in the first half of the 1920s between two elected central party structures, the Central Control Commission and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (B), during acute socio-political crisis in Soviet Russia. The country was engulfed by peasant uprisings and workers' strikes; struggle of groups within the ruling RCP (B) escalated. The leaders of the ruling party saw crisis recovery in rejection of the “war communism” policy and transition to the New Economic Policy. Special attention is paid to the fact that it was G. I. Zinoviev, who, in V. I. Lenin’s absence at the Council of People's Commissars (due to illness), initiated a number of initiatives on division of functions and powers of the Politburo members of the Central Committee of the RCP (B) on May 18, 1923, which marked the beginning of gradual transfer of powers from the Council of People's Commissars (Soviet government) to the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (B). This is evidenced by the published document “On the future work of the Politburo and its cooperation with the Central Committee,” which was prepared by G. E. Zinoviev and sent to General Secretary J. V. Stalin. Drawing on documents from the fonds of the Russian Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI), the author explores causes of confrontation that emerged in that period in the highest party echelon, such as gradual departure from active political activity of the leader of the RCP (B) V. I. Lenin, his search for his successor; emerging struggle of members the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (B) for political legacy of the dying leader; attempts of G. E. Zinoviev, L. D. Trotsky, and J. V. Stalin to gain additional powers in solving most important state affairs. It follows from the documents that V. I. Lenin and his associates from the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (B) attracted administrative resources of both the Central Control Commission of the RCP (B) and the organs of the Soviet special services (CHEKA—GPU—OGPU) to achieve their goals. The article suggests that G. E. Zinoviev's proposal (document no. 1) on reauthorization in the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (B) came from the party leader V. I. Lenin in order to weaken positions of two most active rivals for supreme power in Soviet Russia: L. D. Trotsky and J. V. Stalin. According to the author, in result of this “multimove game” G. E. Zinoviev, most personally loyal to Lenin, if “youngest” in terms of experience in the Politburo of the Central Committee, became eligible to claim the role of his legitimate successor. From a formal point of view, this goal was achieved by G. E. Zinoviev, because it was he who, during the redistribution of powers between the members of the Politburo of the Central Committee, was entrusted with issues of the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs and representing Soviet Russia at the international arena (document no. 2).

Towards sustainability in SMEs post recovery from COVID-19 crisis: the influence of intellectual capital and cost strategy

A framework to determine the key factors impacting the economic sustainability post COVID-19 crisis recovery is proposed in this study for SMEs. The study was supported by resource-based-view (RBV) theory. Questionnaires were distributed to the study sample comprising of SME financial managers and heads of accounting departments, in which 190 returned copies were valid for analysis. The impact of human capital, social capital, and relational capital on the economic sustainability in SMEs appeared strong, positive and significant. A significant positive relationship was demonstrated between cost leadership strategy and economic sustainability, and between differentiation strategy and economic sustainability. SMEs could benefit from the study framework as it can guide SMEs in identifying early survival strategies in COVID-19 crisis recovery. For regulators, the framework could assist them in dealing with SMEs post COVID-19.

Timing and congruence effects of corporate social responsibility practices on social media crises in the tourism industry

企业社会责任实践的时机和一致性对旅游业社交媒体危机的影响研究目的企业声誉是公司的关键无形资产之一, 通常会受到社交媒体上负面帖子的影响, 例如客户投诉。迄今为止, 尚无已知研究调查社交媒体危机前和社交媒体危机后的企业社会责任实践对旅游企业声誉的影响。本研究解决了这一研究缺口。该研究的目的是调查企业社会责任实践对社交媒体危机中企业声誉的影响。本研究使用刺激-有机体-反应 (SOR) 理论检验了与社交媒体危机相关的企业社会责任实践的一致性。研究设计/方法/途径使用实验性小插图方法。受访者被随机分为四个实验组和一个对照组。通过配额抽样从香港的 435 名受访者那里收集数据是, 其中年龄和性别是控制变量。研究发现调查结果表明, 社交媒体危机恢复需要企业社会责任实践来恢复企业形象。企业社会责任实践在社交媒体危机之后立即产生影响, 而不是之前。此外, 在企业社会责任实践的规划和实施中应考虑公司的业务范围。研究原创性/价值这项研究通过使用企业社会责任实践扩展了社交媒体危机中的情境危机传播理论。 CSR 实践在危机管理中发挥着独特的作用。它可能属于可以与其他企业危机应对措施一起使用的支持类别。旅游业公司在社交媒体对内和对外增加了对可持续性的曝光。我们的研究表明, 这可以通过与旅游业一致的企业社会责任实践有效地实现。

Rethinking Workplace Ecosystem during Crisis Recovery Period: Lessons from COVID-19

Purpose: The aim of the study was to rethink how workplace ecosystem should be modelled during crisis recovery period with lessons from COVID-19 pandemic.
 Methodology: The study adopted a desktop review of literature on publications, interviews and surveys by major global consultancy firms. This method established an extensive data research using online data sources. Only resources relating to the topic under study were considered for inclusion.
 Results: The analysis of the data resulted in a process that led to a core category that showed how the workplace can be re-imagined, re-improved and re-invented, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, where five different strategic categories to achieve that target were identified within this process. These strategic categories are; opportunity to break with the past, workplace redesign, technology, digital strategy, and remote working and new sense of workplace.
 Conclusion: COVID-19 exposed many weaknesses and issues that have been present in business for a long time, in particular how to carry out daily activities from physical to virtual interactions perspective. In the new way of operating, companies are able to identify which roles need to be carried out face to face or which of them do not, and to what extent.
 Recommendations: The study recommend human resources managers to position themselves as HR who are designed for speed, new ways of working, digital first, teams, adaptable organizational strategies, and changing business requirements. As organizations rethink work, it is important they communicate how and why they are redeploying workers and identify how this supports new business priorities. This includes providing context and rationale for changes and clear communication on new workforce policies. The study also recommend HR leaders to reassess and explain compensation and promotion plans for the short term while managing expectations through the recovery process and toward sustainable operations.

Revisiting Consumers’ Intention to Use Peer-to-peer Accommodation Services: The Role of Positive Emotional Response from COVID-19 Crisis Response Communication

ABSTRACT The study revisits the predictors of consumers’ intentions to use peer-to-peer accommodation (P2PA) services and accents the impact of positive emotional responses from COVID-19 crisis response communication efforts adopted by P2PA service providers. An online scenario-based survey was carried out among 265 consumers from the Philippines. The results of the analysis reveal that peer-to-peer accommodation usage intentions remain driven by perceived economic benefits, environmental benefits, and trust while dismissing the desire for social interaction. Emotions elicited from crisis response communication affect consumer psychology and behavior; hence, service providers should aptly communicate crisis response efforts along the route to crisis recovery.

Actions and Strategies for Coronavirus to Ensure Supply Chain Resilience: A Systemic Review

The COVID-19 outbreak adversely impacted agri-food supply chains and caused a severe socio-economic crisis worldwide. Preventive measures taken by several countries have affected production and distribution. Moreover, producers have had to face difficulties related to changes in local and international export markets, a decrease in the labor force due to the spread of the virus, and challenges in harvesting, processing, and shipment of products. However, despite the extraordinary nature of the disruption, supply chains have demonstrated a fair, resilient, and sustainable crisis recovery. Although a large number of papers deal with supply chains and the pandemic’s impact, a review of measures implemented that comprehensively includes resilience dimensions is still lacking. The scope of this paper is to survey available literature in order to understand whether there are classes of actions and strategies undertaken by meat supply chains in managing the pandemic. Documents were reviewed through a protocol based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) review technique. The survey highlights which actions have enabled supply chain resilience by underling virtuous behaviors and lessons learned. These findings support the need for further investigation of supply chain resilience and offer practitioners guidance toward a greater understanding of impacts and implementable strategies.

“A Voice to Uplift Other People”: A Case Study of Integrating Organizing Methods in an FQHC-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Initiative in Latinx Communities

The COVID-19 pandemic added another layer of trauma for working-class communities who have experienced trauma from systemic inequity and racism. Early pandemic response efforts failed to reach the most vulnerable Latinx communities in the United States due to historic disinvestment in these communities. Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) were uniquely positioned to respond to the pandemic through testing and vaccine implementation because of their footprint in these communities. However, to advance equitable COVID-19 recovery and long-term, trauma-informed community resilience, FQHCs need to expand their role beyond immediate response through testing and vaccine deployment. Applying Freirean principles of liberation to an integrated model for crisis recovery and community resilience-building, this article presents a case study of the implementation of a COVID-19 vaccine outreach and education initiative at AltaMed Health Services, one of the largest FQHCs in the United States. Findings suggest that leveraging organizing and empowerment strategies to implement COVID-19 vaccine distribution in working-class communities contributes to pathways for community health and well-being, infrastructure for crisis response and recovery, equitable service and information delivery ecosystems, and engaged and empowered communities. Lessons from this study can provide a blueprint for integrating strategies for long-term community resilience, capacity-building, and empowerment in crisis response and community harm mitigation initiatives. Findings from this study also present a model for enhancing the role of FQHCs to facilitate community organizing and engagement for health equity.

Financial Intermediation, Capital Accumulation, and Crisis Recovery

Abstract We integrate bank and bond financing into a two-sector neoclassical growth model and identify an automatic stabilization effect due to endogenous bank leverage adjustment. We show that although bank leverage amplifies shocks, the increase of leverage due to a decline in bank equity partially offsets the post crisis decline of bank lending and accelerates economic recovery by reducing the persistence of the bank lending channel. In this case, endogenous leverage adjustment is an automatic stabilizer. Regulatory state-independent capital limits and wage rigidities impair the re-allocation of capital between sectors and weaken this automatic stabilization. A quantitative analysis of the US during the Great Recession shows that the magnitude of automatic stabilization can be significant and informs about potentially high costs of strict capital regulation or wage rigidities during banking crises.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN TOURISM: VISIT INTENTION, DESTINATION IMAGE AND SOCIAL MEDIA IN TIMES OF COVID-19, THE GREEK CASE

The research objective is to analyze the factors influencing visit intention and destination image in Covid-19 crisis recovery. Mixed research methods were used on a random sample of 461 citizens/tourists within Greek territory and the findings were examined using correlation and regression analysis. The findings suggest that location affects the intention of the visitors with regard to choosing a place; that natural sights have the most profound influence on tourists’ intention to visit a place and that the image of the destination on the social media changes significantly, based on physical factors and travel intention.

How Advanced Technological Approaches Are Reshaping Sustainable Social Media Crisis Management and Communication: A Systematic Review

The end goal of technological advancement used in crisis response and recovery is to prevent, reduce or mitigate the impact of a crisis, thereby enhancing sustainable recovery. Advanced technological approaches such as social media, machine learning (ML), social network analysis (SNA), and big data are vital to a sustainable crisis management decisions and communication. This study selects 28 articles via a systematic process that focuses on ML, SNA, and related technological tools to understand how these tools are shaping crisis management and decision making. The analysis shows the significance of these tools in advancing sustainable crisis management to support decision making, information management, communication, collaboration and cooperation, location-based services, community resilience, situational awareness, and social position. Moreover, the findings noted that managing diverse outreach information and communication is increasingly essential. In addition, the study indicates why big data and language, cross-platform support, and dataset lacking are emerging concerns for sustainable crisis management. Finally, the study contributes to how advanced technological solutions effectively affect crisis response, communication, decision making, and overall crisis management.

Strategic direction for aviation maintenance, repair, and overhaul hub after crisis recovery

Thailand must set a clear strategic direction for its aviation maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) industry after the crisis. Commonly used management tools such as Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis, or SWOT analysis, alone may not work well as it provides only a basic outline of the current situation, but cannot identify priority areas for taking actions. We enhanced SWOT analysis using a multi-criteria decision-making technique called analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The SWOT-AHP combined tool can prioritize the internal and external factors affecting its strategic direction. The potential of the Southeast Asian MRO market, strong government support, and advanced digital technology development are among the areas highlighted for strategic planning in the future after recovery from the pandemic crisis. Priorities for strategic directions include strong government support and specific labor skill development, robust regulations and advanced technology adoption, and the support of local transportation infrastructure and supply chains.

Riding the wave to recovery: Relational energy as an HR managerial resource for employees during crisis recovery

AbstractHuman resource (HR) managers play a critical role in supporting workers during organizational crisis recovery, but this support is hampered when employee energy is drained during difficult times. We develop relational theory and practical suggestions to address how employees can generate energy from interpersonal interactions in a post‐crisis context. Drawing from interviews, field observations, and archival data of interpersonal interactions in the surf and boardsport industry in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis, we investigated individual energetic contributions and the process which generated relational energy, defined as psychological resourcefulness generated from interpersonal interactions that enhances work capacity. Our analysis revealed that in the aftermath of a crisis, employees generated relational energy by engaging in processes of perspective taking and interpersonal adjustment while engaging in crisis‐recovery work. This was particularly true when their personal contributions to the interactions were negative or neutral in valence and of low intensity. This is in contrast to assumptions in the literature and industry cultural norms, but was essential to fueling interdependent work efforts during crisis recovery. These findings extend and refine theory on energy at work to help inform HR practice by developing understanding of how the energy generated from other people can be an important resource to help sustain crisis recovery, and how HR managers can support these processes.

Crisis recovery in surgery: Error management and problem solving in safety-critical situations

BackgroundSurgical crises, both clinical and executive, carry risk of harm to patients, staff, and organizations. Once stabilized and contained, crisis recovery requires complex decision-making and problem-solving to address primary failures (errors) and their consequences. In contrast to other safety-critical professions, surgeons may lack access to crisis recovery strategies and tools that go beyond the technical aspects of clinical practice. This study aims to develop a framework for surgical crisis recovery based on problem-solving interventions used by pilots in commercial aviation. MethodsThis study undertook observational fieldwork, semistructured interviews, and focus groups with senior airline pilots and health care safety experts. Thematic analysis using the framework method identified key interventions applicable to surgical crisis recovery. Subsequently, expert group consensus adapted and content validated this model for clinical use. ResultsQualitative data from 22 aviation and health care safety experts informed surgical crisis resolution. This consisted of 3 strategies: (1) building cognitive capacity by improving situational awareness and workload management; (2) using checklists in abnormal situations to implement emergency operating procedures; (3) undertaking structured decision-making using analysis-based problem-solving cycles (eg, T-DODAR framework). Twelve tools were validated and adapted to aid implementation of these strategies. ConclusionOnce stabilized, surgical crises may be resolved using 3 sequential strategies derived from commercial aviation.

Early Nurse Management Experiences from Finnish COVID-19 Hubs: An In-Action Review.

Primary healthcare (PHC) clinics are the point of access for many COVID-19 patients; however, the focus of crisis response work has been in securing hospital capacities. The purpose of this study was to describe the early nurse management experiences from PHC clinics within Greater Helsinki dedicated to caring for all ambulatory patients with possible COVID-19 symptoms. The study objectives were to make PHC crisis response contributions known and to provide an in-action review (IAR) of crisis response efforts. Nurse managers from the four COVID-19 hubs in Greater Helsinki were interviewed using thematic pair interviews. The data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis, by which four main themes emerged: (1) capacity development led to a state of flux, (2) infection prevention control (IPC) was critical, (3) management of staff was essential in facilitating crisis response, and (4) respondents’ personal experiences. The state of flux stressed the provision of PHC services, but quick developments in telemedicine eased that burden. Conversation surrounding IPC was extensive, though discrepancies suggest that global efforts to standardize IPC practices must begin locally. Leadership was adjusted to accommodate for the crisis, especially regarding the motivation of staff. A vision to aspire toward in crisis recovery is needed.

What matters to citizens in crisis recovery? Being listened to, action, and confidence in government

What matters to citizens in crisis recovery? Being listened to, action, and confidence in government

Recurrent Ebola outbreaks in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo: A wake-up call to scale up the integrated disease surveillance and response strategy

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a dangerous viral zoonotic hemorrhagic fever caused by a deadly pathogenic filovirus. Frugivorous bats are recognized as being the natural reservoir, playing a pivotal role in the epidemiological dynamics. Since its discovery in 1976, the disease has been shown to be endemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). So far, thirteen outbreaks have occurred, and EVD has been prioritized in the national surveillance system. Additionally, EVD is targeted by the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) strategy in DRC. The IDSR strategy is a collaborative, comprehensive and innovative surveillance approach developed and adopted by WHO's African region member states (WHO/Afro) to strengthen their surveillance capacity at all levels for early detection, response and recovery from priority diseases and public health events.We provide an overview of the IDSR strategy and the issues that can prevent its expected outcome (early detection for timely response) in eastern DRC where there are still delays in EVD outbreaks detection and weaknesses in response capacity and health crisis recovery. Therefore, this paper highlights the advantages linked to the implementation of the IDSR and calls for an urgent need to scale up its materialization against the recurrent Ebola outbreaks in eastern DRC. Consequently, the paper advocates for rapidly addressing the obstacles hindering its operationalization and adapting the approach to the local context using implementation science.

Abuse among Portuguese older people at a time of economic crisis recovery: findings from the Harmed study

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the prevalence of abuse against Portuguese older people after an economic crisis and to assess how it has influenced health. A cross-sectional study was carried out including 677 older adults (≥60 years) during 2017. Results show that overall, 23.9% of older people reported being a victim of abuse in the last 12 months. The prevalence of psychological abuse was 19.9%, financial abuse 5.8%, physical abuse 2.5% and sexual abuse 1.9%. Older people who report abuse were more likely to have perceived insufficient income and low social support. The abuse was also significantly associated with poor health status and depressive symptoms. Even in an auspicious period, more than a fifth of older people experiences abuse which is associated with social and health vulnerabilities. These results support that an investment should be made in terms of policies toward an age-friendly environment.