Systemic Crisis Research Articles

К вопросу о проблематике отечественной бюрократии: социально-философское рассмотрение

The article is an attempt at an unbiased assessment of the role of the Russian bureaucracy in the context of the socio-historical process. Despite the diversity of the available theoretical approaches to the phenomenon of domestic bureaucracy, the analysis of historical facts shows that only a centrally soldered authoritarian model that ensures the realization of mobilization potential demonstrated effectiveness. In the course of the historical evolution of the state apparatus, a political and managerial tradition has been formed – a historically established, stable and repetitive system of norms and rules that determines the type of relations primarily within the political and administrative sphere. At present, the domestic bureaucracy is one of the main contradictions for the national social system, playing the role of thesis and antithesis at the same time. On the one hand, the established state administrative apparatus is organically connected with society, and its destruction will inevitably lead to the social system into a systemic crisis, or even to a rapid collapse. On the other hand, the destructive influence of bureaucratization is obvious and boils down to the following points: 1) a lack of flexibility and speed in decision-making, which is relevant in today’s rapidly changing world; 2) a tendency to minimise grassroots initiatives, the potential of which is not adequately understood by the majority of the population; 3) alienation between the population and administrative officials, who are increasingly becoming a separate group, working against social unity and integrity.

Territorial Expropriation, Pandemic, and Resistance

In the COVID-19 pandemic, indigenous peoples in the southeast of Pará faced, among many emergencies, the worsening of territorial violations and precarious health care and education, without depriving them of resilience to frontier capitalism in the region. The information obtained through interviews with indigenous leaders, consultation of official data and those published by the Articulation of Indigenous Peoples of Brazil (APIB), as well as field notes on the performance of the Mutual Support Network to Indigenous Peoples of Southeastern Brazil Pará, highlights the strategic use of the territory for isolation and resurgence of cultural practices, and the formulation of policies to resist the systemic crises aggravated by the fascist national government of the period.

Navigating turbulence in the UK: how gender shapes self-employed social engagement during crises?

PurposeThis study examines the dynamic relationship between UK entrepreneurs' engagement with society and the economic climate surrounding the 2008 financial crisis – before, during and after it. We investigate whether such crises strengthen or weaken the connections between entrepreneurship and society, considering gender differences.Design/methodology/approachWe employ individual-level data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) and the UK Longitudinal Study (UKLS) to assess changes in entrepreneurs' social engagement during crises. We use panel logit and Poisson regressions to estimate trends in social engagement over time and in response to economic turmoil.FindingsWe discover that entrepreneurs are more likely to join social organisations during economic turmoil. This engagement varies by gender, with female entrepreneurs more inclined to engage with social organisations than males. This suggests that female entrepreneurs perceive crisis risks differently, seeking support to navigate uncertainty. Additionally, we find evidence supporting the idea that female entrepreneurs take longer to recover from major economic shocks than their male counterparts.Originality/valueEntrepreneur behaviour during crises remains understudied. The role of social ties and networks in aiding entrepreneurs during systemic crises is particularly unexplored. This study addresses this gap, highlighting gender-based behavioural differences during crises and paving the way for further research. It represents a crucial step in integrating crisis literature into entrepreneurship studies.

UNVEILING URBAN DISPOSSESSIONS THROUGH A FEMINIST LENS: Social Reproduction, Gentrification and Authoritarian Neoliberal Urbanism

AbstractThis essay presents a feminist intervention by incorporating feminist theory and ethnography into the examination of gentrification and displacement within authoritarian neoliberal urbanism. It explores the link between gentrification and the systemic crisis of social reproduction and discusses the contribution of feminist ethnography to our understanding of gendered dispossessions during state‐led gentrification and displacement. The essay concludes that integrating a social reproduction lens and employing feminist ethnography not only enhances our understanding of gendered dispossessions but also reveals the potential for empowerment in marginalized communities. Making visible the material and affective injustices and daily struggles to pursue social reproduction amidst the dismantling of marginalized lives by state‐led gentrification contributes to feminist praxis. Illustrative examples from a longitudinal case study on the nexus of gender and gentrification in Tarlabaşı, Istanbul, are used to support these arguments.

Climate crisis and new challenges for health systems: the case of floods in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil

Climate crisis and new challenges for health systems: the case of floods in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil

Co-creation of urban agriculture through participatory processes in residential building environment: Insights from Finland

In the face of an increasingly global climate and food system crisis that unfolds alongside increasing urbanization, the importance of identifying novel ways of producing food in urban areas and linking this to achieving multiple sustainability objectives has increased. Previous evidence from Finland suggests that the growth in popularity of urban farming is driven by an interest in revitalizing the city, developing a sense of community, and increasing awareness about the value of food. These motives have encouraged different levels of governance to participate in developing urban agriculture (UA) in Finnish cities. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the suitability, benefits, and obstacles to the co-creation of UA in residential areas with housing companies. The results indicate that flexible module-based planning and availability of key site actors and factors (access to information and irrigation) are crucial to achieving UA's benefits. Additional benefits in the apartment building environment were perceived in terms of social capital, with respect to community-building, enhanced living comfort, and enhanced quality in the living environment.

Beneficiary Ownership in Financial Services Sector Conglomerates in Indonesia

This research aims to explore the implications of beneficiary ownership in financial services sector conglomerates in Indonesia on financial system stability. Because financial services sector conglomerates can obscure the true beneficiaries within the conglomerate in Indonesia. This can pose risks to the financial system. If one financial institution within the conglomerate fails, it can have cascading effects on other institutions within the conglomerate. This can lead to systemic crises, which can harm the overall economy. Therefore, the problem lies in how to uncover the true beneficiaries within a financial services sector conglomerate in Indonesia. This is a normative legal research, prescriptive in nature, employing a legislative and legal comparison approach. Secondary data used includes legislation such as the Limited Liability Company Law, Banking Law, Financial Sector Development and Strengthening Law, as well as the Financial Services Authority Regulation on Financial Conglomerates. Additionally, international journals and legal dictionaries are used as references, supported by empirical data in the form of interviews with the Financial Services Authority. Data is analyzed qualitatively, with conclusions drawn using deductive-inductive reasoning. An individual or legal entity as a primary entity that can control changes in the Articles of Association, Share Ownership Structure, replacement of directors, board of commissioners, control the company's finances, but the individual/legal entity is not listed in the company's articles, then can be categorized as a beneficial owner of a limited liability company. Similarly, in a financial services sector conglomerate existing in Indonesia, it can be proven by finding out who controls the conglomerate.

Accounting for climate transition risk in banks’ capital requirements

This paper uses a stylized simulation model to assess the potential impact of climate transition risk on banks’ balance sheets in a climate-stress-testing (i.e. short-run) framework. We show that a moderate to high transition risk increases overall bank losses only relatively modestly if the baseline is a stressed macroeconomic scenario. However, even in a benign macroeconomic scenario, if high-carbon assets are at least 13% riskier than comparable assets a fire sale mechanism could amplify an initially contained shock into a systemic crisis, resulting in significant losses for the EU banking sector. We show that transition risks are concentrated, and find that an additional capital buffer of 0.9% risk-weighted assets on average would be sufficient to protect the system.

The cascading effects of climate change on children: extreme floods, family mobility and child well-being in Amazonia

ABSTRACT Climate change is a systemic crisis with an important intergenerational dimension, as its detrimental effects are expected to escalate over time. While the Children's Climate Risk Index (CCRI) provides valuable insights into measurable generational vulnerabilities, it tends to overlook the intricate and cascading impacts of weather changes on children's lives. This paper reflects on the less visible dimensions of children’s climate risk by examining a burgeoning trend of seasonal migration in Amazonia’s floodplains. Combining in-depth participant observation and draw-and-tell interviews with children, the paper focuses on identifying the different factors that shape children’s diverse experiences of flood impacts. The article examines how age and gender shape decisions around family mobility, and how different patterns of economic migration affect children left behind. The findings reveal that climate change is eroding vital social networks for children and exposing them to material and emotional hardship. The conclusion reflects on the importance of a more nuanced understanding of children’s climate risk and presents potential directions for attending to relational precarity in climate programming.

Who's to blame for the crisis of the healthcare system?

AbstractUsing an original survey, we probe Canadians' evaluation of the performance of their healthcare system and their attribution of the blame for the system's problems. We show that more vulnerable and left‐wing respondents are more likely to believe that the system is in crisis. In turn, respondents having negative performance evaluations are more likely to blame poor provincial organization rather than insufficient federal funding. Perceiving that the system is in crisis and that poor organization is the main problem are associated with support for the imposition of national standards by the federal government as a condition for additional healthcare transfers.

Justice delivery system crisis in Nigeria and implications for foreign direct investment

Justice delivery system crisis in Nigeria and implications for foreign direct investment

EPIDEMIC OF CRUELTY: THE STATE AND CATHOLIC CHURCH IN ITALY AGAINST BULLYING

The article deals with bullying and cyberbullying. The serious consequences of traditional bullying and virtual bullying in social networks, which seriously harm the mental and physical health of children and adolescents, force them into suicide, make school bullying one of the most current social problems. The author set out to analyze the measures taken by the Italian State and the Catholic Church in Italy to prevent this phenomenon. Bullying manifests, the systemic crisis in secular societies. It was caused by a number of factors, including: dominance in the public consciousness of deviant cultural codes, stereotypes and norms that legalize the use of violence; atomization and secularization of society, failure of today’s educational tactics, uncontrolled digitization, aggressive models of «new humanism» and transhumanism, ethical relativism. Lay and Catholic pedagogues agree that the efforts of the family, educational institutions, ecclesiastical parishes and law enforcement should aim not only to eradicate bullying, but also to channel youth aggression in a creative direction. It is also necessary to stimulate a positive microclimate in school communities. However, the Italian State and the Catholic Church have different approaches to solving the problem: the State will give preference to repressive methods of education, while the Church – to preventive pedagogy.

MONETARY AND FISCAL COORDINATION IN UKRAINE AND ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policy instruments, to determine the level of influence of monetary and fiscal factors on economic growth, as well as to justify ways for improving the effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policy coordination. Insufficient coordination of monetary and fiscal policies entails devastating economic consequences. The critical analysis of scientific publications proved that today the coordination of monetary and fiscal policies depends on the degree of balanced regulation of interest rates and inflation control. The research uses a NARDL model to capture mainstream trends in the influence of monetary and fiscal factors, as well as in the empirical study of their coordination. According to the estimations it was established that the weighted average rate of NBU instruments is absorbed to a greater extent in the monetary component of coordination, the system of managing the internal public debt – in the fiscal component. The participation of monetary authorities in the management of the national internal debt remains a debatable issue today. It is proved that the process of coordination of monetary and fiscal policies is influenced by the state of Ukraine’s economy during the war.Despite the difficult political and economic situation in Ukraine, it is necessary to focus on improving the coordination of monetary and fiscal policies. In particular, the significant contribution of the NBU in financing the state budget deficit due to their purchase of government bonds needs to be resolved. Strengthening the role of macroprudential policy in the coordination of monetary and fiscal policies, one of the goals of which is to counter the emergence of a systemic crisis; formation of a clearly developed coordination strategy, which would be based on clearly defined goals, set tasks on the basis of selected methods and instruments for their achievement.

Confronting Conundrums of Care in College Student Advising

At colleges and universities throughout the United States, academic advisors play a central role in stemming the tide of declining student enrollment and academic underachievement—especially in the wake of academic, physical, emotional, and interpersonal setbacks incurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. For many undergraduates, the mentoring relationship with their academic advisor provides the longest lasting and deepest connection with a faculty or staff member throughout their college experience. Increasingly, the expectations that institutions and students place on academic advisors have escalated far beyond simply guiding course selection and checking fulfillment of graduation requirements. While this more holistic approach to advising can cultivate a greater sense of belonging, it also places the advisors in a precarious position as the parameters of their responsibilities and the extent of caregiving continue to broaden. The ever-expanding expectations of caregiving placed on college academic advisors exemplify how pandemic-informed labor practices across many workplaces inadequately acknowledge caregivers while the care recipients may become overly dependent. This study investigates how advising evolves to become an extrapolation of the caregiving demands socially placed upon women in traditional, patriarchally structured families and workplaces. Using methods derived from critical incident theory that identify systemic crisis points and opportunities for intervention, the authors examine narratives of two women who serve as the lead advisors for their departments in southeastern United States universities. Their narratives delineate two double binds. First, the presumably bottomless reservoir of care demanded from women places nurturance of students in tension with career advancement and other care responsibilities (e.g., self and family). Second, setting boundaries to caregiving may generate accusations of insensitivity, but boundless care can accommodate and encourage learned helplessness among students. The investigation concludes with suggestions to reform institutional policies and build student resilience that equips them to learn independently.

Новое образование для новой России

The problem of new education for today’s Russia is of great importance due to the fact that Russia has withdrawn from the Bologna educational system and is now beginning to form a new national education system. The crisis of liberalism is a manifestation of a new systemic crisis. A new ideology of education based on patriotism, traditional culture and modern achievements of science is required. The paper proposes the main principles of the new ideology and measures of post-market reform of the education system. The subject of the study is the crisis of the Russian education system and the problem of the ideology of teaching humanities. The purpose of the work is to formulate new principles of ideology and directions for the creation of a sovereign national education system in Russia. The stated purpose required the application of a systematic approach to the research. The practical result of the implementation of the methodology of moral-religious neo-institutionalism was the release by INFRA M Publishing House of a series of educational literature - the textbook “Economic Theory. Russian economics” and related textbooks on the philosophy of economy, home economics and methodology of scientific research, united by the subtitle on the moral content of science and economics. The importance of the research is due to the fact that the results obtained open new opportunities for secondary and higher school pedagogy in the light of the creation of a sovereign national system of education in Russia. The novelty of the study lies in the formulation of principles for a new national system of education taking into account the national patriotic ideology.

Palaeogeographic heterogeneity of large-amplitude changes in marine sedimentation rates during the Carnian Pluvial Episode (Late Triassic)

Major environmental changes marked the Carnian (Late Triassic), including global warming and enhanced hydrological cycling linked to multiple carbon cycle perturbations. These perturbations occurred in an interval called the Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE), between the Julian 1–Julian 2 boundary and the base of the Tuvalian 2 (late early to middle late Carnian). The CPE is linked to pronounced changes in terrestrial and marine sedimentary basins, with abrupt switches in the sedimentation style and a widespread crisis of carbonate systems. In this study, we have quantified changes in sedimentation rate and the relative variations in sedimentation rate through well age-constrained successions spanning the CPE in different marine basins. Relative to background (pre-CPE) Julian 1 values, during the CPE interval sedimentation rates rose by 142%–3400% in the Julian 2, and then decreased in the Tuvalian 1 in the marine sequences of Western Tethys and Panthalassa. By contrast, in the successions of Eastern Tethys sedimentation rates dropped by 50%–100% across the CPE interval. In the Western Tethys, the high increases in sedimentation rates were coupled with a shift from prevailing carbonate to siliciclastic sedimentation, but a similar lithological shift is associated with a decrease in sedimentation rates in Eastern Tethys. In Panthalassa, higher Julian 2 sedimentation rates can be linked to mineralogical and geochemical evidence of increased input of aeolian dust under arid environmental conditions. The heterogenous changes in sedimentation rate across different basins/regions during the CPE interval indicate that sedimentation was likely controlled by the interplay of different, sometimes local phenomena such as synsedimentary tectonism, sea-level oscillations and climate. However, they could ultimately be related to palaeogeographically different responses to the pronounced environmental changes implied by the Carnian carbon cycle perturbations.

Macroeconomic determinants of multidimensional risk of Islamic banks across the world

Banking system crises and bank failures can have painful impacts. Being an Islamic Bank is riskier than being a conventional bank. As IBIs risk management emphasizes risk-sharing, conventional banks transfer their risk to borrowers. In our study, we have taken 4 risk factors which are Rate of Return Risk, Operational Risk, Credit Risk and Liquidity Risk, as a proxy of all the risks faced by IBIs and developed a Composite Risk Index using these major risk indicators of Islamic banks. Further, this study has proposed indicators like Size1 for liquid assets and Size2 for fixed assets, as in Islamic banks, there is no concept of money markets. The data for the research was collected from the secondary sources of Islamic banks’ financial statements, the EIKON database and World development indicators. The data for 96 Islamic banks were analyzed. The data was analyzed through Python, R and Stata. This study is instrumental in using the unsupervised machine learning clustering algorithm known as KMeans to estimate the prevalent risk level of the bank by aggregating four-dimensional risk indicators to form a single indicator. Moreover, the study explored macroeconomic determinants i.e., Asymmetric Stock Market, Real Business Cycle (GDP), Regulatory Quality and Economic Globalization of the Composite Risk Index and developed a channel via which it affects the risk level of banks. The results showed that in a country, better regulatory quality, higher fixed assets and economic boom in the business cycle play an important role in reducing the risk level of Islamic banks. This study provides a quantified contribution of Islamic banking to social welfare, compared to focusing on the numbers of risk indicators only and comparing it with fixed boundaries developed for the case other indicators.

Impacto da pandemia do covid-19 no diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de colo de útero: um estudo retrospectivo brasileiro

The Covid-19 pandemic has represented a crisis in healthcare systems. The impact of its effects on the diagnosis and treatment of incident malignancies, such as cervical cancer, can be evidenced in metrics. Materials and methods: In this cohort, we carried out a retrospective and quantitative comparative analysis of time series, between 2014 and 2022, with the total data of diagnoses and hysterectomies performed for the treatment of malignant cervical neoplasms, through the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). Results: From 2014 to 2022, Brazil recorded 173,300 cases of malignant cervical neoplasms. Increasing trends in the number of annual diagnoses were examined, with a decrease in the pattern between 2019 and 2020, coinciding with the pandemic period. Similarly, the total number of hysterectomies, the main treatment for cervical cancer, was affected. Between 2014 and 2019, an average of 53,652 surgeries were performed annually. However, in 2020 it fell to 30,698 (40.2%) interventions compared to 2019. Conclusion: In the period from 2019 to 2020, there were substantial reductions in the number of procedures coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, the data suggest a delay in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of cervical neoplasms, impacting relevant clinical outcomes and overall survival.

Impacto da pandemia do covid-19 no diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de colo de útero: um estudo retrospectivo brasileiro

The Covid-19 pandemic has represented a crisis in healthcare systems. The impact of its effects on the diagnosis and treatment of incident malignancies, such as cervical cancer, can be evidenced in metrics. Materials and methods: In this cohort, we carried out a retrospective and quantitative comparative analysis of time series, between 2014 and 2022, with the total data of diagnoses and hysterectomies performed for the treatment of malignant cervical neoplasms, through the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). Results: From 2014 to 2022, Brazil recorded 173,300 cases of malignant cervical neoplasms. Increasing trends in the number of annual diagnoses were examined, with a decrease in the pattern between 2019 and 2020, coinciding with the pandemic period. Similarly, the total number of hysterectomies, the main treatment for cervical cancer, was affected. Between 2014 and 2019, an average of 53,652 surgeries were performed annually. However, in 2020 it fell to 30,698 (40.2%) interventions compared to 2019. Conclusion: In the period from 2019 to 2020, there were substantial reductions in the number of procedures coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, the data suggest a delay in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of cervical neoplasms, impacting relevant clinical outcomes and overall survival.

The Necessity of System Change

In a world of convergent crises, leading voices have called for radical changes to food, financial, and energy systems. However, these fail to account for a deeper systemic crisis: unfettered and accelerating of capital accumulation. In this article, M. Graziano Ceddia and Jacopo Nicola Bergamo provide a more comprehensive narrative, one which emphasizes capital as a social relation—and the potential of the environmental proletariat to dismantle its dominance.