Effects Of Crisis Research Articles

Strategic Deployment of ICU Nurses in Response to the Omicron Variant Epidemic in Shanghai.

In the first half of 2022, Shanghai faced the challenge of an emerging wave of epidemics caused by the Omicron variant. In response, 48 hospitals, spanning municipal and district levels, were rapidly converted into designated hospitals. This case study focuses on the South Branch of Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, as one such designated hospital. Facing unprecedented challenges without prior experience, we devised a strategic approach to deploy ICU nurses effectively. This approach involved crisis event gradation, establishing a human resources pool, and classifying nursing staff based on qualifications and proficiencies. By May 11, 2022, all 48 designated hospitals were operational. The South Branch of Renji Hospital treated 3310 Omicron-infected patients between April 7 and June 21, 2022, including 115 critically ill patients in a 38-bed ICU. We meticulously assigned 136 nurses, distributed as follows: Grade A 12.5%, Grade B 12.5%, Grade C 40%, and Grade D 35%, with three specialized nursing managers. Nurses worked tirelessly in 4-hour shifts, wearing full protective gear. Remarkably, the hospital maintained a flawless record, with no nursing-related adverse events and zero patient mortality in the ICU. Effective management of ICU nursing personnel is associated with patient safety. Strategic rostering and placement of ICU nurses in designated hospitals optimize resource utilization, enhancing service effectiveness and working conditions. This technique is a crucial resource for hospitals facing unforeseen public health crises requiring rapid ICU nurse resource allocation and management.

Comparing the dynamics of financial and business cycles in the BRICS countries

Subject. The BRICS countries are among the fastest developing and growing economies. However, research on relationship between their financial and business cycles is insufficient. The article intends to address this gap and provide such information. Objectives. The aim is to determine the main characteristics of cycle phases (amplitude and duration) for the BRICS countries and to assess the degree of their synchronization. Methods. The study employs an algorithm for periodization of various phases of financial and business cycles, proposed by D. Harding and A. Pagan in 2003, the analysis of concordance coefficients to determine the degree of synchronization of different cycles, and the logistic regression to quantify the probability of recession in the real sector, if there is a crisis in the financial sector. Results. The findings revealed a high degree of synchronization of financial and business cycles in the BRICS countries, comparable to the EU member States. At the same time, the degree of synchronization changes during crisis events and after political decisions. The degree of synchronization of business cycles turns out to be much higher than financial cycles. Conclusions. The findings should be considered when coordinating the economic policies of the BRICS countries. Using certain fiscal, monetary, or macroprudential tools, countries should take into account that their decisions will also affect other member countries of this organization.

Do I slamic S tocks Outperform C onv entional S tocks During C risis Periods? A Global Comparison

Purpose: This study examines the performance of Islamic and Conventional stock indices during the Covid-19 pandemic crises. The aim of the study is to find the existence of safe havens in Islamic stock indices.
 Design/methodology/approach: The study uses mean and cumulative return values and the GARCH (1 1) model to examine the volatility performance of stock returns and the impact of Covid-19 on both indices.
 Findings: Our findings indicate that Islamic stock indices tend to outperform conventional indices during crisis periods, particularly in developing economies and in the short term. However, conventional stock indices exhibit stronger performance in the long run and post-crisis periods. Moreover, the study reveals that the effects of Covid-19 cases and deaths on both indices vary across countries. Additionally, Islamic stock returns demonstrate lower volatility compared to previous shocks and returns, whereas conventional indices experience higher volatility, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, the s tudy establishes that I slamic indices can serve as safe havens for investors in certain countries, but not universally.
 Research limitations/implications: The study can be extended and more effective by adding more crisis events and a number of years to examine long-term stock moments. The study can be helpful for investors in designing investment portfolios, especially in times of crisis where the majority of investors try to find safe havens for investment.
 Originality/value: This study is the first to examine the impact of recent crises on Islamic and conventional stock indices in the world's big stock markets. The study is also the first one to use the longest data period among the recent studies to differentiate the performance of Islamic and conventional indices.

Frequency spillover effects and cross-quantile dependence between crude oil and stock markets: Evidence from BRICS and G7 countries

This study investigates the lead-lag nonlinear dependence relationship between crude oil and stock markets by employing a joint analysis of both frequency and cross-quantile perspectives. We propose a novel rolling window cross-quantile approach to capture the dynamic nonlinear dependencies across market conditions. Our empirical findings reveal that BRICS countries primarily receive net spillovers, while G7 countries, with the exception of Japan, act as net transmitters of spillovers. Additionally, with an extended time span, crude oil transitions from being a risk receiver to becoming a risk transmitter. Furthermore, the stock market returns of twelve countries are extremely vulnerable to oil price shocks under extreme market conditions, and the dependence between the crude oil and Russian stock returns is the highest. Finally, significant crisis events can briefly amplify the magnitude of risk spillovers. Overall, these discoveries furnish valuable insights for policymakers and investors seeking to refine their policies and investment strategies to reduce uncertainties in stock returns.

What can we learn from COVID-19?: examining the resilience of primary care teams.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to place an unprecedented strain on the US healthcare system, and primary care is no exception. Primary care services have shifted toward a team-based approach for delivering care in the last decade. COVID-19 placed extraordinary stress on primary care teams at the forefront of the pandemic response efforts. The current work applies the science of effective teams to examine the impact of COVID-19-a crisis or adverse event-on primary care team resilience. Little empirical research has been done testing the theory of team resilience during an extremely adverse crisis event in an applied team setting. Therefore, we conducted an archival study by using large-scale national data from the Veterans Health Administration to understand the characteristics and performance of 7,023 Patient Aligned Care Teams (PACTs) during COVID-19. Our study found that primary care teams maintained performance in the presence of adversity, indicating possible team resilience. Further, team coordination positively predicted team performance (B = 0.53) regardless of the level of adversity a team was experiencing. These findings in turn attest to the need to preserve team coordination in the presence of adversity. Results carry implications for creating opportunities for teams to learn and adjust to an adverse event to maintain performance and optimize team-member well-being. Teamwork can act as a protective factor against high levels of workload, burnout, and turnover, and should be studied further for its role in promoting team resilience.

Chinese Social Organizations Participation in Epidemic Prevention and Control: Actions, Issues, and Countermeasures

In theory, as a significant force in social governance, social organizations play a crucial role in responding to major emergencies. Through practical observation, it can be seen that in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic, Chinese social organizations actively participated, primarily responsible for coordinating epidemic prevention materials, providing professional services, serving as volunteers, and actively engaging in publicity. Compared to the government, they possess advantages and characteristics such as resource advantages, coordination advantages, professional advantages, and public welfare advantages, playing a role that the government and businesses may not fully exploit. While acknowledging their strengths, it is also necessary to admit that Chinese social organizations face various challenges in their participation in pandemic prevention and control, such as insufficient participation, lack of independence, and limited credibility. These issues can be analyzed from three dimensions: the internal aspects of social organizations themselves, the relationship between social organizations and the government, and legal regulations. To better harness the role of social organizations in responding to public crises, it is essential to make improvements in the following three areas: 1. Accelerate organizational capacity building to enhance social organizations ability to respond to emergencies. 2. Streamline the relationship between the government and social organizations to achieve complementary strengths. 3. Enhance legal regulations. It is hoped that these measures can contribute to improving the governance capacity of social organizations in effectively participating in public crisis events.

Tail risk spillovers between Shanghai oil and other markets

This paper uses daily returns data from January 2011 to December 2022 to analyse the tail risk spillovers between Shanghai oil and a sample of stock and commodities markets. The computed CAViaR measures each market's tail risk and analyses the connectedness network using the TVP-VAR method. The tail risk spillover network estimates reveal clustering—as stocks and commodities within the same category are vigorously connected. Shanghai oil's links to the global markets remain limited, but it is a net risk receiver. As such, Shanghai oil is a lesser player in the global financial system than WTI or Brent. Nevertheless, (tail risk) connectedness between Shanghai oil and sample markets soars during crises such as the shale oil revolution, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine war. Among the crises, COVID-19 has had the most potent effect on our markets—with connectedness indicators exceeding 70%. The spillover size and shape differ considerably by crisis events. Thus, Shanghai oil futures may be viewed as a novel financial market that permits both domestic and international investors to access the Chinese crude oil market and diversify their investment risk.

Study on the Influence of Cotton Option Launch on The Price Fluctuation of Underlying Futures

This paper takes cotton options as the research object, and empirically tests the impact of cotton options on the price fluctuation of the underlying futures in the short and medium term by establishing the ARMA-GARCH model with the introduction of two dummy variables. The study found that the launch of cotton options increased the volatility of the underlying futures price in the short term, and increased the volatility in the medium and long term. After the launch of cotton options, the supply of national policies against the epidemic played a certain stabilizing role in the volatility of futures prices, but the policy effect has a time lag. Based on this, institutional investors should be encouraged to use cotton options and futures risk management, build a risk prevention and control mechanism for sudden public crisis events, popularize the knowledge of options and futures, and improve the transparency of cotton trading.

Is there a relationship between economic growth and natural resource commodity price volatility? Evidence from China

The volatility of commodity prices of natural resources such as oil and coal is closely related to the economic growth of a country. This study examines the volatility of economic growth and natural resource commodity prices in China during 1980–2020 and the causal relationship between them using the wavelet power spectrum and wavelet coherence in the wavelet method. The results reveal the following. (1) The wavelet power spectrum uncovers strong fluctuations in economic growth and natural resource commodity prices, both susceptible to crisis events. (2) The wavelet coherence demonstrates a significant causal relationship between economic growth and natural resource commodity price volatility. Specifically, (a) there is a notable negative correlation between economic growth and WTI crude oil prices and coal rents. (b) There is a two-way causal relationship between economic growth and WTI crude oil prices and coal rents, and a one-way causal relationship between economic growth and total natural resource rents and oil rents. Finally, using frequency-domain causality tests as a robustness check confirmed a long-term causal relationship between economic growth and natural resource commodity prices. This study clarifies the relationship between economic growth and natural resource commodity price volatility and provides a scientific basis for formulating natural resource and economic policies.

The Role of Internal Communication on Employee Outcomes: A Review and Direction

Despite the importance of internal communication (IC) in organization and management studies, its role or impact on employee outcomes (specifically employee loyalty, commitment and citizenship behaviour) remains understudied. To address the preceding gap, this article systematically reviews the role of IC and its impact on employee outcomes. Our analysis reveals four critical themes, crisis events, culture/climate, organizational change and managers’ roles, where IC effectively influences the discussed employee outcomes. By summarizing the findings, we propose an integrated framework for researchers to move the conversation on the part of IC on employee outcomes forward.

Mindset Changes for Dealing with Complex Climate Impacts - Experiences with a Tool from Courses on Digitalization and Climate-Adapted Urban Development

Economy and society are currently exposed to multi-layered multi-crises. Against the backdrop of the covid pandemic, a growing shortage of skilled workers, increasing armed conflicts or persistent refugee flows, cities and municipalities in particular have to deal with resulting local impacts. Parallel to these highly dynamic crisis events, cities and municipalities continue to be called upon to face the now established challenges of climate change, sustainability and digitalization. More and more, there are organizational and also psychological overloads in coping with everyday tasks as a result of increasing complexities. Because of the excessive demands, there is a retreat to familiar and routine-related everyday work and the neglect of the search for adequate solutions to the increasingly complex problems. Especially in the field of municipal infrastructure, which requires rapid and comprehensive adaptation to the manifold impacts of climate change, this excessive demand increasingly leads to recourse to rather simple solutions, which, however, do not justice to the complexity of the situation. During two certificate courses at Hof University of Applied Sciences (Germany) on the development of climate-adapted urban planning and on successful digitalization in municipal water management, a novel tool for dealing with complex situations was developed to practice on examples. It was observed among the approximately 70 participants in both courses that used this method two to three times already led to a visible change in the perception and assessment of complex situations, without the need for psychologically accompanied training of change behavior.

The necessity of healthcare supply chain resilience for crisis preparedness.

Prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic, Canadian provincial health systems and governments did not sufficiently consider healthcare supply chain in their crisis preparedness plans, leading to an exposed and vulnerable healthcare system. There have been many opportunities to learn from past Canadian and global crises, which have emphasized the importance of healthcare supply chain resilience in providing essential care to patients; however, considerations of healthcare supply chain resilience remain a significant gap in preparedness planning. Illustrated through the Canadian response to COVID-19 pandemic, this article will explore how healthcare supply chain resilience should be a necessary consideration in any crisis preparedness plans. Further, without this consideration of healthcare supply chain resilience, it is the person (the patient and healthcare worker), and especially vulnerable populations, that are most put at risk in the event of a future crisis.

Crisis and Collectives Shaping Art Events

Art events like biennials and large-scale exhibitions typically strive to address urgent, timely issues; curatorial approaches respond to various crises from the environment and war to Indigenous rights – notwithstanding the way existing exhibition structures often reproduce exploitative relations or other forms of everyday precarity. In our analysis of crisis, we eschew the concept of crisis as a disruptive event with a clear end for a framing of crisis as a condition. Especially for art events on the ‘periphery’, working under conditions of crisis is hardly new. We investigate the collective practices of three artist collectives, ruangrupa (Indonesia), Womanifesto (Thailand), and Atis Rezistans/Ghetto Biennale (Haiti). In practices like sharing resources, centring non-productivity and giving attention to nourishment and health, these collectives are reshaping art events from events that matter in terms of their pursuits of relevance towards events that care.

Tracking diachronic sentiment change of economic terms in times of crisis: Connotative fluctuations of 'inflation' in the news discourse.

The present study focuses on the fluctuation of sentiment in economic terminology to observe semantic changes in restricted diachrony. Our study examines the evolution of the target term 'inflation' in the business section of quality news and the impact of the Great Recession. This is carried out through the application of quantitative and qualitative methods: Sentiment Analysis, Usage Fluctuation Analysis, Corpus Linguistics, and Discourse Analysis. From the diachronic Great Recession News Corpus that covers the 2007-2015 period, we extracted sentences containing the term 'inflation'. Several facts are evidenced: (i) terms become event words given the increase in their frequency of use due to the unfolding of relevant crisis events, and (ii) there are statistically significant culturally motivated changes in the form of emergent collocations with sentiment-laden words with a lower level of domain-specificity.

Embedding Social Work into a Police Department in the South

In 2020, the Fayetteville Police Department (FPD), located in a small urban community in Arkansas, began efforts to develop alternative responses to crisis-related calls for service. The main motivation for this effort was the influx of calls related to crises involving substance use, mental health, and homelessness both before and during COVID-19, although the George Floyd protests during that summer also played a meaningful role. FPD collaborated with the University of Arkansas School of Social Work (UA) to develop an MSW internship within the department with the intent of ultimately creating a co-response program. It is crucial to determine a baseline of staff attitudes when developing a new program or implementing organizational change to assess any subsequent shifts over time. As such, this paper presents baseline data from a survey assessing attitudes among sworn and civilian staff at FPD toward incorporating a social worker into the department. Data from semi-structured interviews provide a deeper understanding of these attitudes along with insight into lessons learned during the implementation of the internship and the eventual Crisis Intervention Response Team (CIRT). Survey results indicated that overall, FPD staff were supportive but somewhat hesitant about the programmatic change, particularly regarding safety concerns when bringing unarmed civilians into the field. Themes from the interviews showed that although there was certainly doubt among FPD staff initially, the intentionally collaborative efforts made by FPD administrators and UA faculty to support organizational acceptance of the program produced early successes. By highlighting crucial aspects of the implementation process and the lessons learned along the way, the results from this study can guide future replication efforts in similarly situated localities.

INFORMATION AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR PROVIDING SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE TO VULNERABLE CATEGORIES OF CITIZENS

Family members, parents and caregivers are an important source of protection and emotional support for children. Children separated from their loved ones, during a crisis event, find themselves in an unfamiliar place, surrounded by unfamiliar people. They are often very frightened and unable to correctly assess the risk and dangers around them. Reuniting unaccompanied children, including teenagers, with their loved ones is an important first step. If the children are with their parents, you should try to support the adults in taking care of the children. People who may face discrimination and violence in a crisis situation. This category includes women or members of certain ethnic groups, in relation to whom there is an increased risk of discrimination or violence.Svitlana Roiz explains that during the sound of sirens, the child's auditory channel of perception is under a special load, so it needs to be "occupied" with something. To do this, you can sing in chorus, shout slogans against Utiputin and the Russian army, listen to audio fairy tales and music with headphones, take a guitar with you and arrange a concert for everyone.In order to provide psychological support to citizens of Ukraine who suffer from the consequences of russia’s armed aggression, the free online psychological help platform «Tell me» works around the clock. The project is implemented with the support of the Office of the President of Ukraine, the Ministry of Health and the Institute of Cognitive Modeling.In addition, the team of the Institute of Cognitive Modeling in cooperation with the Department of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy of the Bogomolets National Medical University and specialists of the «Friend» project developed a psychological first aid bot. The bot also contains recommendations for maintaining psychological health.

INFORMATION AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR PROVIDING SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT TO CHILDREN AND YOUTH IN REMOTE ACCESS

Family members, parents and caregivers are an important source of protection and emotional support for children. Children separated from their loved ones, during a crisis event, find themselves in an unfamiliar place, surrounded by unfamiliar people. They are often very frightened and unable to correctly assess the risk and dangers around them. Reuniting unaccompanied children, including teenagers, with their loved ones is an important first step. If the children are with their parents, you should try to support the adults in taking care of the children. People who may face discrimination and violence in a crisis situation. This category includes women or members of certain ethnic groups, in relation to whom there is an increased risk of discrimination or violence.
 Svitlana Roiz explains that during the sound of sirens, the child’s auditory channel of perception is under a special load, so it needs to be «occupied» with something. To do this, you can sing in chorus, shout slogans against Utiputin and the Russian army, listen to audio fairy tales and music with headphones, take a guitar with you and arrange a concert for everyone.In order to provide psychological support to citizens of Ukraine who suffer from the consequences of russia’s armed aggression, the free online psychological help platform «Tell me» works around the clock. The project is implemented with the support of the Office of the President of Ukraine, the Ministry of Health and the Institute of Cognitive Modeling.In addition, the team of the Institute of Cognitive Modeling in cooperation with the Department of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy of the Bogomolets National Medical University and specialists of the «Friend» project developed a psychological first aid bot. The bot also contains recommendations for maintaining psychological health.

Downside liquidity risk premium: From the perspective of higher moment

Considering the serious negative impact of crisis events on stock liquidity, we construct the liquidity skewness to depict the asymmetric distribution of liquidity, which is drawn inspiration from the idea of higher moment in statistics, to measure the downside liquidity risk. Our study focuses on the issue of downside liquidity risk premium in Chinese stock market, and further analyze its underlying source from the dual perspectives of behavior and risk. Our findings provide convincing evidence that the downside liquidity risk measured by liquidity skewness has a significant return premium, and the premium is long-term since the liquidity skewness has a persistent impact on the cumulative returns. Furthermore, the downside liquidity risk premium derives from risk compensation instead of behavioral factors such as mispricing and investor sentiment. The conclusions have certain theoretical value for improving and enriching the research on liquidity premium, clarifying the mechanism of the impact of downside change in liquidity on cross-sectional returns, and provide valuable references for investors to allocate portfolios that meet their own risk preferences and regulators to supervise the market.

Security or sovereignty: the dynamic impact of political crises on Chinese tourism

ABSTRACT This research delves into the examination of the impact of political crisis events between nations on Chinese outbound tourism. By utilizing the synthetic control method, the study examines the effects of three significant disputes – the THAAD, Diaoyu, and Huangyan dispute – on the number of Chinese tourists visiting countries that are involved in the disputes. The paper compares the impact of various types of political events and finds that disputes centred around national security have a more pronounced, lasting impact compared to territorial disputes. To mitigate the effects of political crisis events, governments of the concerned countries should proactively prepare when mediating disputes with China.

Actualizing novel trajectories: Chronological and kairotic improvisations

AbstractThe role of first responders during extreme crisis events consists of improvising under time pressure to retain control of the unfolding situation and mitigate harmful effects to help organizations restore their ‘normal’ functioning. This pervasive view of crises as cosmologic events obscures their transformational dimension and their long‐term positive outcomes. In this article, we explore how actors respond to time pressure and vital stakes while identifying and actualizing a novel trajectory. They improvise to overcome limitations, create, and enact a desirable future to seize an opportunity that arises due to unexpected surprises. We argue that the actualization of novel trajectories relies on a combination of the enactment of a duplicate temporality that combines the chronological time‐pressure of the unfolding event and kairotic time, in which critical decisions and actions actualize the desired future. Our contributions to the crisis management literature are twofold. First, we conceptualize chronological and kairotic improvisation practices to acknowledge that crisis response is not only about acting quickly but also about doing the right thing at the right time. Second, we shed light on crises as ‘cosmologic’ events, showing that they can be a point of origin for long‐term positive outcomes. Finally, we advocate for a deeper and fine‐grained consideration of time and temporality to advance crisis management studies.