Crisis Awareness Research Articles

Use of Social Media Data to Explore Crisis Informatics

Microblogs posted to Twitter after the tornado in Moore, Oklahoma, on May 20, 2013, were analyzed in this study. The potential of social media data was explored for the extraction of relevant and useful information during natural disasters and as an additional data source for better understanding of individual behavior during a crisis. Data records were attributed to user groups, and the most frequently used words were ranked to track the variation of common interests for each user group. In addition, the data were classified into different content categories, and the temporal variation patterns were analyzed. A sentiment analysis, which revealed variations in public mood and perception over time, was conducted to quantify the sentiment in the data. The techniques presented can be applied to the analysis of similar major social crises and natural disasters (e.g., hurricanes and earthquakes) to provide valuable complementary information in crisis awareness and response to users, first responders, and emergency preparedness agencies. Different stakeholders can determine the needs and activities of people during disasters by using the proposed method with the help of social media data.

Ponowoczesny wymiar subkultur młodzieżowych w Rosji

A postmodern dimension of youth subcultures in Russia
 This paper aims to present contemporary characteristics of youth subcultures which result from the concept of postmodern era. With this end in view, in the introduction some selected research positions have been analysed for which the reference point is the theory of postmodernism and contemporary changes within the culture. In the first place, the characteristics of postmodern period have been put forward which help to describe macrosocial and microsocial structures such as fragmentation, a loss in continuity in terms of time and space, a negation of tradition and authority, the information chaos, a multitude of behaviour patterns as well as moral systems. The systematization of selective distinctive features of postmodernity made it possible to analyse changes within the contemporary cultural movements of the youth in the further part of this paper. To some very crucial characteristics of postsubculture belong: the precedence of personal identity of man over the collective one, political indifference, the heterogeneity of style, and the lack of being authentic and original. The essential part of this study is to depict the Russian cultural specificity in relation to contemporary movements of the young having a cultural nature. The main presupposition is to treat the Russian subcultures as borrowed patterns the West through the process of “culture staging”, for which the influence of the media and globalization is of great importance. On the other hand, changes in the contemporary environment of the young in Russia have been shown in such a way as to take into consideration the fact of dissimilarity arising from the eastern cultural impact and the domination of a monolithic culture in the period of the Soviet Union. Furthermore, the fact of the existence of the Russian “crisis awareness” in relation to social and political changes in the period of political system transformation has great weight.

Epidemic spreading with information-driven vaccination

Epidemic spreading has been well studied in the past decade, where the main concentration is focused on the influence of network topology but little attention is paid to the individual's crisis awareness. We here study how the crisis awareness, i.e., personal self-protection, influences the epidemic spreading by presenting a susceptible-infected-recovered model with information-driven vaccination. We introduce two parameters to quantitatively characterize the crisis awareness. One is the information creation rate λ and the other is the information sensitivity η. We find that the epidemic spreading can be significantly suppressed in both the homogeneous and heterogeneous networks when both λ and η are relatively large. More interesting is that the needed vaccine will be significantly reduced when the information is well spread, which is a good news for the poor countries and regions with limited resources.

The practice and evaluation of the effect of collective type work shift for the charge nurses

Objective To improve the creative spirit of charge nurses, strengthen the crisis awareness, responsibility and adaptability, tap the charge nurses' potential, and increase comprehensive quality and management capacity. Methods Twenty six charge nurses were took turns on the work shift among 23 clinical words except for operating room, supply room and ICU. Results After the work shift, the patients'satisfaction all the hospital was obviously increased, and the quality of nursing was steadily increasing. Moreover for these charge nurses, the abilities of leadership, communication and coordination were better brought into play, professional ability and the level of administrative management were also increased. We also saw that, overall consciousness and team spirit were fully embodied among these charge nurses, the contradictions among different departments staff were eased.. Conclusions The work shift can arouse the charge nurses' enthusiasm for relearning, foster the ability of comprehensive quality and management, thus to realize the transformation from empirical management to scientific and standardized management. Key words: Charge nurses; Work shift; Nursing administration

Are women “cooler” than men during crises? Exploring gender differences in perceiving organisational crisis preparedness proneness

The paper examines how male and female executives’ leadership orientations are reflected in crisis awareness. Drawing on management‐related gender and crisis theories, it is argued that women’s proclivity to employ participative decision making is mirrored advantageously in coping with crisis‐related scenarios. Predicated on a sample of 112 Israeli executives it is shown that perceptions of crisis preparedness/proneness are gender‐based and that women are more likely to employ a holistic approach that facilitates crisis preparedness.

Crisis Awareness and Organizational Response Capabilities in Present Japanese Local Governments: Crisis Awareness Survey Findings

The crises facing today’s public administration are numerous and varied. It is now, more than ever, a necessity that municipal, prefectural and national governments deal with those crisis management issues. The major premise in being able to advance crisis management is the awareness of potential crises. If a certain situation is not considered or realized to be a potential hazard, no specific crisis management countermeasures will have been prepared, nor will any administrative measures have been taken.With that in mind, the author, created a survey focused on the ‘risk awareness framework’ for prefectures and cabinet ordinance‐designated cities in Japan. The researchers attempted to examine the characteristics of, and problems related to, current crisis management administration by examining several factors, including organizational crisis management responses, training and education of crisis management personnel and problems in the crisis management determination system.

Ideology as a code of politics ? Socioeconomic and intellectual-cultural crisis awareness in the Soviet Union and its political adulteration

Ideology as a code of politics ? Socioeconomic and intellectual-cultural crisis awareness in the Soviet Union and its political adulteration