Criminal Behavior Research Articles

Paternal Filicide in Sweden: Background, Risk Factors and the Cinderella Effect.

An overrepresentation of stepchildren as victims of filicide has been explained as a consequence of 'discriminative parental solicitude'. The idea being that Darwinian selection has favoured parental love and concern only for biological children, and when such parental feelings are absent, as in stepparents, conflicts with a child could easier escalate to lethal violence. An alternative explanation for this overrepresentation of stepchildren is that risk factors for filicide, such as criminal behaviour and mental health problems, are more prevalent in stepparents. This study focused on paternal filicide in Sweden and investigated (i) if stepchildren are overrepresented as victims of filicide compared with biological children, (ii) if filicides are committed in a context that implies a 'conflict with the child victim' and (iii) if stepfathers and biological fathers differ in characteristics associated with filicide risk. The analyses showed that stepchildren were overrepresented as victims compared with children of fathers in families with two biological parents and this overrepresentation was even higher in young children. Children of single biological fathers and children of non-residential biological fathers were also overrepresented as victims of filicide. Less than 20 percent of the filicides were committed in the context of a 'conflict with the child' and in these cases only stepchildren were overrepresented as victims. In the population at large, both stepfathers and single biological fathers had higher rates of mental health problems, violent criminality and illegal possession of drugs compared with fathers in families with two biological parents.

TRAUMA, CRIME, AND JUSTICE: A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF STRUCTURAL INEQUALITIES AND RECIDIVISM

This qualitative study critically examines the intricate interplay between trauma, structural inequalities, and recidivism within the criminal justice system. By synthesizing secondary data from seminal works, the research explores how Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) influence criminal behavior and contribute to patterns of recidivism globally. The study highlights the often-overlooked gendered dimensions of trauma, emphasizing the unique challenges faced by female offenders and the role of reintegration support in mitigating recidivism. It delves into the systemic impacts of societal institutions, reflecting elements of human evolutionary history and how these perpetuate trauma and anger within Western criminal justice systems. Additionally, the research investigates the influence of personality traits on criminal behavior, shaped by both genetic and environmental factors. The transformative potential of restorative justice diversion is explored as a structural health intervention aimed at addressing trauma and reducing recidivism. The findings advocate for a comprehensive approach to justice reform that prioritizes healing, rehabilitation, and equity, challenging conventional punitive measures and promoting a more humane and effective response to crime. This study contributes to the broader discourse on crime and justice, offering insights that inform holistic interventions within the criminal justice system.

“It Is No Big Deal!”: Fraud Diamond Theory as an Explanatory Model for Understanding Students’ Academic Fraudulent Behavior

The Fraud Diamond theory (rationalization, opportunity, motivation and perceived capability) has been widely used as a framework to explain criminal behavior. However, little is known about its application in an academic context. Research on the relationship between the prevalence of academic fraud (e.g., cheating on exams, plagiarizing essays) and students’ perceptions of the severity of such behaviors is also lacking. We surveyed 1,032 university students and asked them whether they engaged in fraudulent behaviors and how severe they thought these behaviors were. The results showed that motivation, rationalization, and perceived capability dimensions of the Fraud Diamond theory are important factors in predicting the prevalence of students’ academic fraudulent behavior, but not opportunity. We also found that the more students reported that they engaged in fraudulent academic behaviors, the less severe they perceived those behaviors to be. However, only rationalization emerged as a predictor of perceived severity. The results suggest that the more students are able to find justifications for their fraudulent behavior, the less severe they perceive those behaviors to be. Rationalization seems to explain, therefore, the tendency to disassociate moral values from dishonest behavior. Taken together, the study shows a vicious cycle between engaging in fraudulent academic behavior and the ability to justify these acts. Implications for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are discussed.

Predicting Criminal Behavior through Offender Profiling: An Examination of Its Effectiveness in Sargodha, Pakistan

Predicting Criminal Behavior through Offender Profiling: An Examination of Its Effectiveness in Sargodha, Pakistan

RECIDIVISM – A FORM OF MULTIPLE OFFENSES

The notion of multiple offenses is regulated by the current Criminal Code in Title II concerning the offense, Articles 38-45, and encompasses three forms: the concurrence of offenses, recidivism, and intermediary plurality. Among these forms, recidivism is regulated by Article 41 of the Criminal Code. According to this article, "recidivism occurs when, after a final conviction to a prison sentence of more than one year and until rehabilitation or the expiration of the rehabilitation term, the convict commits a new offense with intent or aggravated intent, for which the law prescribes a prison sentence of one year or more. Additionally, recidivism also occurs when one of the penalties is life imprisonment." (Florin Streteanu, 2010). The issue of recidivism generates interest in the current landscape due to the enormous expenses incurred by the justice system in this regard and the consequences this phenomenon has on society. The public perception of recurring criminal behaviors and prolonged sentences is associated with a reduction in the chances of social reintegration for inmates.

THE ROLE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND SPECIAL SERVICES IN COMBATING CRIMES COMMITTED IN THE FIELD OF COMPUTER GAMES, AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THEIR PREVENTION

Cybercrimes have appeared in crime statistics only in the last two to three decades, but this is the most actively developing area of criminal activity. As an actively developing area of criminal behavior, new directions are actively appearing in it, one of which is crimes in the field of computer games. This area of criminal activity has appeared relatively recently, which causes significant difficulties in practice, since the reason for initiating a criminal case is not always clear, difficulties arise with the preliminary investigation and the very proof of the fact of the commission of a crime. The article analyzes the content of the activities of law enforcement agencies and special services in their specific application to the prevention and investigation of crimes related to computer games. The concept of "hacking" is considered, its division into types and the content of such information activities is investigated. Technical means for the prevention of crimes in the field of computer games are also proposed and justified, since it is technical solutions for the prevention of crimes in the field of computer games that play the most important role in the implementation of activities to ensure the safety of the virtual gaming space, and the subsequent protection of players from various types of criminal activity, expressed in the commission of various socially dangerous crimes by users.

Implications of Impulsivity on Criminal Behavior in Individuals With Substance Use Disorder

Objective Our aim was to analyze the association between criminal behavior and impulsivity in individuals with drug addiction and investigate whether impulsiveness mediates the relationship between drug use severity and legal problems. Methods This cross-sectional study included 773 men diagnosed with addiction (295 alcohol users and 478 users of crack/polysubstance) while undergoing addiction treatment. The BIS-11 and ASI-6 were applied to assess impulsivity, criminal behavior, and drug use. Results The prevalence of criminal behavior was 41.7% (n = 123) in alcohol users and 64.9% (n = 310) in users of crack/polysubstance. Earlier use of different substances and higher impulsivity scores were observed in individuals with criminal history. Mediation analyses revealed that impulsiveness acts as a mediator factor between substance use and criminal behavior, enhancing the severity of legal problems. Conclusion Our findings can help in deciding on tailored treatment strategies, focusing not only on substance use, but also on the prevention of social problems, criminality, and impulsivity.

Association Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Psychopathic Traits Among Justice-Involved Adolescents.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health problem and is highly prevalent among justice-involved populations. Pediatric TBI is linked with long-term negative outcomes and is correlated with substance use, criminal behavior, psychiatric disorders, and disruptions in neurocognition. These same TBI correlates are evident among youth with psychopathic traits. Given ongoing neurobiological and social development in adolescence, understanding the link between psychopathic traits and TBI in justice-involved youth is critical. A sample of 263 male adolescents were recruited from a maximum-security juvenile justice facility. Using a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework, measurement invariance of psychopathic traits (TBI ±) was tested, and psychopathy scores were accounted for in terms of TBI variables (severity, age of first TBI, total number), participant's age, IQ, substance use, and internalizing psychopathology. There was evidence of strong invariance across TBI status and those with TBI had higher affective and impulsive lifestyle psychopathic traits than adolescents without TBI. The SEM indicated that TBI severity was associated with lower IQ scores, which in turn were associated with increased lifestyle/antisocial (Factor 2) psychopathic traits. Total number of TBIs was associated with higher substance use, which was associated with both increased interpersonal/affective (Factor 1) and Factor 2 psychopathic traits. These TBI variables also had indirect associations with psychopathic traits through IQ and substance use. The findings indicate that TBI is associated with psychopathic traits and suggest that disturbances in cognition and substance use may be treatment targets for youth with TBI and psychopathic traits.

Drugs, crime, and racial disparities in the homeless population gathered from a sample of police reports: Evidence from Brazil

Brazil is one of the most unequal democracies in the world. Although the number of homeless individuals in our country has increased due to the reproduction of people living in extreme poverty, little has been discussed about their welfare and rights. In the present study, we provide analysis with a theoretical-methodological approach directed at homeless people living in the wealthy neoliberal middle-sized southeast city of São Paulo, Brazil’s richest state. Data was acquired from police reports with prior permission from the Civil Police of São Paulo and the São Paulo Interior Judiciary Police Department. Our results illustrate that the homelessness phenomenon in Franca appears to be comparable to that of other large urban cities, where Blacks, a minority of the population, make up the bulk of homeless individuals. It also denies that homeless activity increases criminality, emphasizes the difference between Blacks and Whites drug users’ criminal behavior, with Whites being more active in theft and robbery and Blacks in trafficking, and extends the idea that drug use by homeless people is stress-related and hence an indicator of a health condition.

Implikasi Peer Group Terhadap Perilaku Kriminalitas Yang Dilakukan Oleh Anak Berkonflik Dengan Hukum

Adolescent delinquency behavior often stems from teenagers' involvement with peer groups at school or in the educational environment. This can develop into more serious criminal behavior later on. Adolescents engaged in delinquent behavior can be categorized as Juvenile Offenders (JO). Peer groups provide a social environment in which JOs can learn and develop various aspects of themselves; however, they also serve as a primary source of negative influence. Similar habitus within social groups reinforce solidarity and camaraderie within them, which may be a reason for teenagers to join peer groups from the same social class. This also provides a sense of comfort and acceptance, while joining groups from different social classes can lead to feelings of inferiority and inequality. Thus, peer groups can have both positive and negative implications depending on the social conditions within a peer group.

Exploring the relationships between criminal self‐efficacy factors and recidivism

AbstractPurposeCriminal self‐efficacy, an antisocial belief representing positive appraisal of one's capabilities to enact crime, is theorized to drive criminal behaviour, but few measures exist. Our aim was to re‐validate one measure of criminal self‐efficacy by re‐testing its ability to predict recidivism.MethodsWe used Criminal Self‐efficacy Scale‐15 scores from 353 people on community corrections orders measured up to three times.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis revealed three latent factors we called criminal connections, physical violence, and criminal expertise. Cox regression survival analysis demonstrated that only physical violence scores predicted recidivism.ConclusionsThe three factors provide a meaningful conceptual basis for future attempts to develop measures of criminal self‐efficacy that improve on the limitations of current measures. More broadly, there is a need to understand how specific antisocial beliefs such as criminal self‐efficacy are related to criminal behaviour.

The role of social factors in the criminal behavior of women with mental anomalies

The role of social factors in the criminal behavior of women with mental anomalies

Same-Sex Relationships and Criminal Behavior: A Total Population Study in The Netherlands

Sexual minority groups experience elevated risk across a range of adverse outcomes. Previous studies from the USA showed that these risks include contact with the criminal justice system for sexual minority females but not for males. This study examined whether this relationship between sexual minority status and criminal behavior was also found in a more secular country like the Netherlands with more progressive attitudes toward sexual minorities. Furthermore, the study aimed to examine whether this relationship applied to various types of crime and could be explained by unmeasured familial factors. Longitudinal data from the Dutch national population, including 75,362 individuals in a same-sex relationship and 3,464,906 individuals in opposite-sex relationships, were used to compare the risk of crime among males and females in same-sex and opposite-sex unions. Discordant sibling models were included to increase control over possible sources of confounding from shared familial factors. Analyses were repeated for six types of crime, including property offenses, violence, vandalism, and public order offenses, traffic offenses, drugs offenses, and other offenses. The results showed that the direction of the associations between same-sex relationships and offending differed for men and women. In general, men in same-sex relationships were less likely to be a suspect of crime compared to those in opposite-sex relationships [odds ratio (OR) = 0.685; p < .001]. Women in same-sex relationships exhibited higher risk than those in opposite-sex unions (OR = 1.560; p < .001). Similar patterns emerged for most crime types and the discordant sibling models yielded conclusions that were substantively similar to those among the total population.

Deconstructing Racial Paradigms in Criminology: Towards an Inclusive and Critical Approach

This paper critiques the conventional frameworks in criminological research regarding race and racism. It identifies the limitations of data-driven methods that often perpetuate racial stereotypes due to biased and incomplete data. The study argues that criminology has historically minimized the role of race, treating it as a mere variable and neglecting the broader socio-political contexts. This oversight leads to color-blind racism, which ignores systemic inequalities and fails to account for the lived experiences of minority communities. Furthermore, the paper highlights the emerging issue of racial biases embedded in artificial intelligence tools used in criminology, which can exacerbate discrimination. The author advocates for a reorientation of criminological research to incorporate minority perspectives and analyze data within both historical and contemporary contexts. This approach aims to provide a more nuanced understanding of the interplay between race and criminal behavior, thereby promoting a more inclusive and equitable criminological practice.

Fenomena Kenakalan Remaja dan Kriminalitas Kasus Tawuran di Bekasi (Studi Literature Review)

This study reviews the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency and crime in the context of brawl cases in Bekasi. Through a literature review, various factors are examined which are the causes and impacts of teenage brawls in the city. First, social factors such as economic instability, lack of education, and a family environment that is not conducive can trigger juvenile delinquency. Second, environmental factors, including peers and the influence of mass media, also contribute to aggressive adolescent behavior. In addition, psychological factors such as lack of self-control and the need for affiliation also play a role in the formation of criminal behavior. The impact of teenage brawls includes social, economic and psychological losses for individuals and the surrounding community. This study highlights the important role of families, schools and social institutions in preventing and overcoming the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency and brawling crimes in Bekasi. With an in-depth understanding of the factors that influence adolescent behavior, it is hoped that effective intervention strategies can be formulated to reduce cases of brawls and improve the quality of life of adolescents in Bekasi.

Dissociation and the insanity defense: A review of U.S. Federal appellate case law.

Pathological dissociation is relatively common in the United States and may be associated with violent or criminal behavior. Dissociative Disorders, especially Dissociative Identity Disorder, are considered controversial diagnoses by some in the psychiatric and legal professions. Individuals who offend during dissociative states may not be criminally responsible if they meet the legal standard for insanity, however, insanity pleas based on dissociative symptoms are rare. This review examined Federal appellate case law for potential legal barriers to the insanity defense for dissociative conditions and any restrictions imposed on related expert evidence. Few rulings directly addressed these questions but there do not appear to be any unique barriers for dissociation-related insanity pleas. Some cases provided valuable insights regarding the admission of expert evidence, effective expert testimony, and the role of defense counsel.

Normative, expressive, and personal factors associated with cooperation with police: Findings from a longitudinal cohort study

PurposeWhile there has been extensive research on the normative, instrumental, and social explanations for cooperation with police, fewer studies have examined how personal, social-cognitive characteristics might influence willingness to cooperate. This paper integrates models of cooperation with the social information processing framework to understand when individuals are more willing to cooperate with the police. MethodsWe use two waves of data from the Zurich Project on Social Development from Childhood to Adulthood, an ongoing longitudinal study of an ethnically diverse sample of young people from Zurich, Switzerland. ResultsThe results show that, aside from perceptions of police legitimacy, moral neutralization and empathy were directly associated with willingness to cooperate. Police legitimacy moderated the relationship between moral neutralization and cooperation, however this effect was not robust across models. In addition, we found that those who have engaged in serious criminal behavior were less likely to cooperate. ConclusionsWe argue that our findings demonstrate the need for cooperation with police research to adopt a decision-making framework in explaining the decision to indirectly intervene and cooperate. Namely, individuals must first recognize and acknowledge the harm or illegal behavior done when deciding to take action to cooperate with the police.

Judi Online Dan Watak Kriminal Perspektif Psikologi Kriminal

The development of digital technology and increasingly widespread internet access in recent decades has led to a significant increase in online gambling participation. The ease of access offered by online gambling platforms has attracted a wide range of people regardless of age, gender, or socioeconomic background. However, this phenomenon also brings serious negative impacts, including addiction that can trigger criminal behaviour such as fraud, theft, and money laundering. This research aims to explain the relationship between online gambling and criminal behaviour from a criminal psychology perspective and discuss the social implications and effective prevention strategies. The method used is a literature study, with analysis of various data sources from books, journals, and previous research. The results of the review show that online gambling not only affects the economy, religion and mental health of individuals, but can also damage household harmony and social relationships. This study is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the dynamics of online gambling addiction and criminal behaviour so that more effective intervention approaches can be formulated.

Code of Conduct: Using Propensity Scores to Evaluate Prison Misconduct Among Veterans in Prison

ABSTRACT Over 16 million veterans live in the U.S. but unfortunately, military service is often associated with problematic readjustments back to civilian life, including contact with the criminal justice system. While research has explored the criminal behavior of veterans, less research has focused on the conduct of veterans once they are incarcerated. The current study uses official data from the Florida Department of Corrections to investigate the relationship between veteran status and institutional misconduct. A prisoner release cohort of over 175,000 inmates released from Florida prisons from 2004 to 2011 was used to create more than 8,000 matched pairs of veterans and nonveterans using propensity score matching. After matching, logistic regression and negative binomial regression are used to estimate the association between military service and disciplinary infractions. Results indicate that veterans are less likely to receive a disciplinary infraction for any type of prison misconduct, violent misconduct, and disorderly misconduct compared to nonveterans. Veterans also receive lower numbers of disciplinary infractions as well. The results of this study indicate that the correctional system should address the needs of veterans to aid in their positive reintegration back into society after their service.

Социально-психологические причины и способы совершения мошенничества в современном обществе

In the presented scientific article, the authors had the opportunity to identify the main socio-psychological causes, determinants, conditions for the formation of criminal behavior of a fraudster; ways of committing criminal acts by him; types of personality of a fraudster and give them a socio-psychological characteristic. The article provides a legal and psychological analysis of the victim behavior of victims of fraud and suggests directions for the development of measures to prevent it of a socio-psychological nature.