Credit Recipients Research Articles

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penerima Kredit dengan Fuzzy Multi-Atribute Decision Making Menggunakan Weighted Product (WP)

Currently, the demand for credit through banks or cooperatives is increasing very rapidly. Not only the lower middle class but all circles. The decision-making mechanism for providing credit to customers sometimes takes up to two to three days to determine who will be given credit first, the reason being that the calculation process for each criterion is done manually. Decision Support System is considered an interactive information system to assist decision making in semi-structured or unstructured situations. One of the models in the decision support system is Fuzzy Multi Attribute Decision Making (FMADM) which has several methods to solve problems, one of which is the Weighted Product (WP) method. This research produces a decision support system in selecting credit recipients using the WP method. The results of this study are a system that can calculate rankings like manual calculations. The results of the system functionality test also give a value of 100% according to needs

Implementation of Simple Additive Weighting in Providing Micro Business Loans at Bank Mandiri Pematangsiantar

Banks are institutions and institutions that are organizations and institutions in Indonesia and have an important role in the sustainability of the Indonesian economy. Bank Mandiri is one of the banks that provides micro business credit facilities to the business world. The higher the public's interest in getting micro business credit, the banks need software to help determine who is entitled to credit. In order to produce a proper feasibility analysis, a method of decision-making in overcoming these problems is needed so that determining who is entitled to receive credit is not too long and efficient in reducing credit risk. Problems arise in the decision-making process for granting micro-business loans, namely the inaccuracy of micro-business credit recipients. The above problems can be resolved by building a Decision Support System which can assist decision makers in assessing and selecting micro business loans using variables: Income, Collateral, Loan Limit, Installments, Length of Business, Number of Dependents. The system built by applying the Simple Additive Weighting method is known as the method of adding weight. The Simple Additive Weighting method requires a decision matrix normalization process to a scale that can be compared with all available alternative ratings. This will be a reference in ranking and consider the advantages and disadvantages of applying for a credit loan in order to find the desired candidate. From the test results using 10 data samples, it was obtained that the first rank was received credit on behalf of A5 with a value of 9.33, and the last rank was on behalf of A6 with a value of 6.4. and very helpful in solving problems faced by Bank Mandiri Pematangsiantar.

Analysis of COVID-19 Impact on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Credit Distribution in East Java Banks

Research aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the credit distribution level used as working capital assistance for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study used a sample of 8 cities/regencies in East Java. Meanwhile, the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) credit recipients were the population of the sample areas. This research's analysis model was panel data regression (generalized least square) by considering the emergence of heteroscedasticity in cross-section data between regional objects. The control variables outside the COVID-19 were the BI rate, third-party funds (TPF), and inflation.Research findings: This study’s results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant negative impact only on medium-sized business loans, while micro and small business loans are more resilient. Besides, Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) credit was significantly positively influenced by TPF; inflation did not affect credit; the BI rate only negatively affected medium-sized business credit.Theoretical contribution/Originality: Studies on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) credit-related to economic phenomena and monetary policy have been widely carried out. However, the catastrophic virus that causes long-term economic uncertainty and impacts banks and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) still requires in-depth study. Also, this study employed the GLS model that considers heteroscedasticity, which is still rarely used in previous studies.Practitioner/Policy implication: This research can be essential information for the Indonesian Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan or OJK) and Bank Indonesia (BI) in policymaking, both regulatory aspects and bank liquidity provision, in stimulating Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) credit, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic era.Research limitation/implication: The impact of COVID-19 on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) loans is still classified based on micro, small and medium. It is still not grouped based on the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) business sector in various cities and regencies in East Java. The analysis has not been clustered based on the spatial concentration of the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) recipient areas.

System for Determining House Credit Recipients Based on Data of Cooperative Members Using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)

PMS Employee Cooperative is a savings and loan cooperative which aims to provide storage and loan services to employees who work at PT. Pro Manunggal Solusi and does not yet have a Decision Support System (SPK). A decision support system is needed in determining the eligibility of cooperative loans to employees. This study aims to help simplify and accelerate and minimize errors that occur in the cooperative borrower feasibility assessment process. The method used for this decision is to use the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. Six criteria are used for the loan eligibility assessment process, namely criteria 1 (Loan size), criterion 2 (Loan Purpose), criterion 3 (Salary), criterion 4 (Position), criterion 5 (Age), criterion 6 (Period of service). Based on the results of the calculation, it can be concluded that each loan employee will be approved according to the ranking and is limited by the balance. If the balance is sufficient, the loan will be approved, but if the balance is less, the loan will be rejected. Of the total value of the ranking results, loans approved with a sufficient balance were Susanto (0.82) with a 12.13% chance, Sentot Sudiyantono (0.80) with a probability of 11.83%, and Siswandi (0.73) with big chance 10.80%.

Can Credit Recipient Household Escape from Poverty?

This study aims to answer whether or notfinancial distribution can play a role in development and poverty alleviation in Indonesia. Households who receive credit are treated as the analysis level and research object. Credit is an instrument to help households escaping from poverty. Some opinions believe that by being given credit, households will be able to boost their economic capacity both in terms of purchasing power or business development capacity. However, to prove this opinion as well as to answer the question, using panel data from the Indonesian Family Live Survey (IFLS) in 2007 and 2014 will attempt to estimate the effect of the probability of households receiving credit on their poverty status. The probability of a credit recipient householdwill be calculated using Propensity Score Matching so that a similarity score of household characteristics will be obtained between those who get credit and those who do not. Using Double Differences, this study will address the description of changes in household poverty status after receiving credit from financial institutions. The PSM calculations results show that there are four variables as credit recipient household’s characteristics, namely collateral ownership, the status of property ownership, history of natural disasters, and gender. Meanwhile, the estimation results on poverty status indicate that credit recipient households have a greater probability of escaping poverty than those who do not receive credit. Therefore, the anti-poverty policy through the transmission of financial institutions is relevant to be prepared. The anti-poverty policy is related to low credit interest rates through government subsidies, public fund placement with low cost of fund, increasing financial literacyand knowledge of the society, and adjusting credit approval based on regional economic conditions.

DOES REDUCTION IN THE TAX CREDIT RATE RETARD R&D ACTIVITY? EVIDENCE FROM TAIWAN'S R&D TAX CREDIT REFORM IN 2010

This study examines the effect of the 2010 tax credit reform, which reduced the tax credit rate, on firms' R&D in Taiwan. The empirical results suggested that the tax credit rate reduction has no overall negative effects on firms' R&D expenditure. By contrast, firms were observed to increase their expenditure on R&D. R&D tax credit recipients increased their R&D expenditure more than those who did not use the R&D tax credit. Moreover, we found a considerable difference in the treatment effects of the policy reform on R&D between R&D‐intensive and less R&D‐intensive firms. (JEL H21, H25, O31, O32, O38)

RANCANG BANGUN TEKNOLOGI CLOUD COMPUTING VIRTUALISASI PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR

There is a lot of business competition in this case credit sales, where credit sales are made using the gradual payment method with requirements that must be agreed upon by the credit provider and credit recipient. In this XYZ company there are problems that often occur including when officers select and determine credit recipients (debtors) in accordance with the requirements given by the company, this company also still uses traditional methods in promotion and there is no decision-making system to be able to assist in determining the prospective debtor In addition, creditors (creditors) find it difficult to receive debtor data reports. In determining the debtor to get credit sales, in this study we will use the SPK K-Nearest Neighbor method where this method is to calculate the closeness between old cases and new cases in order to facilitate officers in determining prospective borrowers with a decision support system using the K-Nearest method Neighbor. In addition to facilitating and helping creditors to be able to find out the debtor data report in more detail and to increase sales. The results of this study, get results from calculating the closeness between new cases with old cases using the K-Nearest Neighbor method. And from some calculations with that method, the greatest value will be used to predict the next cases.

Implementation of Computer-Based Systems in Efficient Credit Acceptance Decisions Applying the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) Method

The development of computer-based systems, increasingly helping the banking world, in doing work efficiency in a bank. Especially in selecting credit recipients at the bank. This is needed so that the resulting decision can be valued objectively and effectively for management. In processing credit receipt decisions, using an information system known as the Decision Support System (SPK). The selection of credit recipients requires alternatives and criteria so that the information retrieval process can run well. By applying the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) method, decision-makers can produce better calculations. ARAS is a method for decision-based support.

Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah Debitur Pada PT. Bank BTPN Purna Bakti Cabang Jambi

The average the development of the total credit recipients pension to PT. Bank BTPN Purna Bakti the branch jambi in the past five years of 2.60 %
 The average number of loans in PT. Bank BTPN Purna Bakti the branch Jambi in the past five years of 11,95 % .This fact shows that there are indications quality drop services to the year. Dimension for measuring quality of services is reliability, responsibility, competence, acces, courtesy, communication, credulity, security, understanding and tangibles.While dimension for measuring loyalty repeat the purchase, retention and referalls.
 The calculation on SPSS 20 get the regression equation is Y = 1,916 + 0,470 X. From the testing determination and obtained value r2 in table 4.10 of 0,279 this igure stated that variable x or the quality of services able to explain the variable y or loyalty debtors of 27,90 % otherwise 72,100 % caused by other variables outside variable the treatment . A correlation coeficient between the quality of service for loyalty debtors to PT. Bank BTPN Purna Bakti the branch Jambi is 0,528 , it means there are enough closely relations between variables x or quality of service and y or loyalty debtors to PT. Bank BTPN Purna Bakti the branch Jambi
 Value t count on the variables of the quality of services is of 5,963 & gt; t table 1,9861 with a significantly by 0,000 & it; probability significant α = 0.05, so ho were rejected and h1 accepted.This means that there are significant impact between quality service for loyalty debitors.
 Kata Kunci : Service quality, Customer loyality.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI NASABAH DEBITUR TERHADAP PENETAPAN BUNGA BANK YANG TIDAK SESUAI DENGAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG – UNDANGAN DALAM PERJANJIAN KREDIT

The purpose of this study is to analyze the determination and calculation of bank interest in conflict with applicable laws and regulations and analyze the legal protection of debtors as credit recipients in a credit agreement. Data collection techniques in the form of document studies, namely conducting research on documents relating to the problem to be examined in order to obtain a theoretical foundation and information in the form of formal provisions. The materials obtained were analyzed using qualitative normative methods. The results showed that the calculation of Prime Lending Rate was contrary to article 1767 paragraph 3 of KUHP. State Gazette number 22 of 1848 so that it does not provide legal certainty to people who want to receive credit from banks to develop their businesses. The form of legal protection to debtors against credit based on article 1323 of the Civil Code The agreement made between the bank as the lender and the customer as the recipient of the credit is null and void by law and based on article 1166 provides legal protection as the owner of the object. It is expected that when reading the clause regarding the determination of bank interest by banks, it should be observed first the laws and regulations concerning the determination of credit.

Penerapan Kombinasi Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dan Rank Order Centroid (ROC) dalam Keputusan Pemberian Kredit

Lending is a very important process for credit managers. Incorrect in making decisions for credit recipients will result in failure in payment of credit bills. In order for decisions made by credit managers to be more precise, a decision support system (DSS) is needed in their calculations. In this study, the authors used a combination of Rank Order Centroid (ROC) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) methods in producing final preference values that are useful in ranking the judicial decisions of potential credit customers. The results of the study will provide the final value that can help credit managers in the effectiveness of credit recipient decisions.

EARNED INCOME TAX CREDITS AND INFANT HEALTH

In 1998, Montgomery County, Maryland adopted a local earned income tax credit (EITC) program. We use U.S. Vital Statistics data covering births in Maryland from 1995 to 2004 to examine whether the local EITC impacted birth weight and the probability of low birth weight in Montgomery County. Using difference-in-differences (DD) and triple differences (DDD) strategies, we find that the Montgomery County EITC decreased the probability of low birth weight by 1.9 to 2.4 percentage points among likely eligible mothers. Using the local credit as a unique opportunity to identify EITC effects within a state, these estimates contribute to a growing body of literature that finds improved birth outcomes for credit recipients.

Credit Scoring Kelayakan Debitur Menggunakan Metode Hybrid ANN Backpropagation dan TOPSIS

Credit is one of the common practices that provide benefits for financial or non-financial institutions. However on the other hand, aid loans also have higher risks if the institutions give the wrong decision in giving a loan. Credit Scoring is one of techniques that can determine whether it is feasible to given a loan or not. The selection of a credit scoring model greatly determines the value in classifying credit that is feasible or not to giving a loan. Decision Support System (DSS) is one system that can be used to overcome this problem. The advantages of DSS are being able to overcome the problems that have semi-structured and unstructured data. In this study, DSS was supported by using Artificial Neural Network Backpropagation method and TOPSIS method to find the priority for seeking eligibility. Accuracy results obtained in this study reached 98,69% with the number of iteration is 300, the number of training data is 30, neuron hidden 12 and error tolerance is 0.001. TOPSIS method succeeded in ranking 185 data selected as recipients of credit.
 Keywords:Credit Scoring, Decision Support System (DSS), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Backpropagation, TOPSIS.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penyetujuan Kartu Kredit Pada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Dengan Menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)

PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia is one of the largest government-owned banks in Indonesia. PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia has experienced problems in giving or determining whether the customer is eligible for approval or not in his credit application. Problems that arise will take a long time in making decisions. The factors that form the basis of decision making in determining prospective credit recipients consist of Character (age of applicant), Capacity (NPWP), Capital (income), Collateral (home status) and Condition (number of dependents) are called 5C principles. The analysis is required to work quickly and thoroughly to analyze so many application data in a way that is still manual, so it does not rule out the possibility of human error. To solve these problems, it is necessary to design a support system application for the decision to approve credit cards at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia using the method Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) .

Grants vs. credits for improving the livelihoods of ultra-poor: Evidence from Ethiopia

Abstract Reaching the ultra-poor and enhancing graduation have long been challenges in many social protection programs. This paper compares the behaviors and performances of most vulnerable, ultra-poor and risk-averse households, who have been granted cash transfers for livelihoods investment, with the behaviors and performance of credit recipients, who are relatively better-off and willing to take credit risks. Using data from the Ethiopian pilot program, we tested if freely provided cash is used less efficiently as the sunk cost hypothesis portrays. Our data revealed that credit recipients indeed perform better than grant recipients. However, when we control wealth and other household characteristics, grant-based investments perform better than credit-based livelihood investments. Grants were allocated more likely to the planned investment than credits and the performances of the former is higher than the latter, both with and without controlling the intensive knowledge supports provided to grant recipients. The result is consistent and robust across different estimation approaches. This implies that the sunk cost hypothesis is not an important disincentive in livelihood grants. We concluded that livelihood grant (asset transfer) not only helps to reach the excluded ultra-poor but also to improve the effectiveness and productivity of rural livelihood investments. We further explained the possible reason for the superiority of grant over loan and its implication on graduation and program costs.

PENGARUH ANALISIS KREDIT TERHADAP PEMBIAYAAN BERMASALAH (KREDIT MACET) PADA PT BANK PEMBIAYAAN RAKYAT SYARIAH ARTHA MADANI CIKARANG, JAWA BARAT

Credit is a risky business, where there is a possibility of credit being given uncollectible (bad credit). Debtors (credit recipients) can present a million reasons for not paying their obligations. On the other hand the bank must pay every rupiah of public funds placed on it. The bank can not say that the loans it provides are not collectible, the public funds can not be paid. In this regard, banks should only provide financing (credit) to the appropriate debtor. The bank must be able to control the credit risk it provides. The Bank developed a selection process to screen each proposed credit (proposed financing) proposal. In giving credit, the bank must have the trust to the prospective debtor as well as the debtor has the confidence to save the funds in the bank. Funds provided will be used in accordance with the objectives and will eventually be returned to the bank in accordance with the agreed agreement. This credit grant has a high enough risk factor and has a significant effect on Bank soundness. Therefore, PT BPRS (Islamic Loan Bank) Artha Madani analyzes credit well before approving financing for prospective borrowers and gives attention to various aspects related to financing processing.This type of research is associative. Data Collection Technique is done by Library Study and Field Study. Sampling technique is based on the provisions of percentage according to Suharsini Arikunto (1993: 120). Total population The number of employees of PT BPRS Artha Madani is 53 people, so the sample is taken as many as 15 people. Data Analysis Technique is calculated by using the average value of Likert scale, correlation coefficient and determination.From the results of research, it is found that the magnitude of responses of respondents to variable credit analysis indicates a number of 4.01 which means credit analysis on PT BPRS Artha Madani has been running well. The coefficient r obtained is 0.728 and this value shows the relationship of variable x (credit analysis) with variable y (financing approval) is strong.

Analisis Peran Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Syari’ah dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Anggota

Aim of this research is to examine that crediting by savings and credit cooperatives to debtors, whether the provision has been effective and on target and credit granting has been used wisely by the debtor and not for consumptive purposes. The methodology used is qualitative approach with phenomenological study method. Subjects in this study are recipients of credit (debtor) of savings and loan cooperatives in Jepara and the location of research there are 2 namely: Savings and Loan Cooperative Syari'ah A and Savings and Loan Cooperative Syari'ah B. And from this research found that the granting of credit is considered not effective by sharing reasons

Federal Income Tax Treatment of Charitable Contributions Entitling Donor to a State Tax Credit

This paper summarizes the current federal income tax treatment of charitable contributions where the gift entitles the donor to a state tax credit. Such credits are very common and are used by the states to encourage private donations to a wide range of activities, including natural resource preservation through conservation easements, private school tuition scholarship programs, financial aid for college-bound children from low-income households, shelters for victims of domestic violence, and numerous other state-supported programs. Under these programs, taxpayers receive tax credits for donations to governments, government-created funds, and nonprofits. A central federal income tax question raised by these donations is whether the donor must reduce the amount of the charitable contribution deduction claimed on her federal income tax return by the value of state tax benefits generated by the gift. Under current law, expressed through both court opinions and rulings from the Internal Revenue Service, the amount of the donor’s charitable contribution deduction is not reduced by the value of state tax benefits. The effect of this Deduction is that a taxpayer can reduce her state tax liability by making a charitable contribution that is deductible on her federal income tax return. In a tax system where both charitable contributions and state/local taxes are deductible, the ability to reduce state tax liabilities via charitable contributions confers no particular federal tax advantage. However, in a tax system where charitable contributions are deductible but state/local taxes are not, it may be possible for states to provide their residents a means of preserving the effects of a state/local tax deduction, at least in part, by granting a charitable tax credit for federally deductible gifts, including gifts to the state or one of its political subdivisions. In light of recent federal legislation further limiting the deductibility of state and local taxes, states may expand their use of charitable tax credits in this manner, focusing new attention on the legal underpinnings of the Full Deduction Rule. The Full Deduction Rule has been applied to credits that completely offset the pre-tax cost of the contribution. In most cases, however, the state credits offset less than 100% of the cost. We believe that, at least in this latter and more typical set of cases, the Full Deduction Rule represents a correct and long-standing trans-substantive principle of federal tax law. According to judicial and administrative pronouncements issued over several decades, nonrefundable state tax credits are treated as a reduction or potential reduction of the credit recipient’s state tax liability rather than as a receipt of money, property, contribution to capital, or other item of gross income. The Full Deduction Rule is also supported by a host of policy considerations, including federal respect for state initiatives and allocation of tax liabilities, and near-insuperable administrative burdens posed by alternative rules. It is possible to devise alternatives to the Full Deduction Rule that would require donors to reduce the amount of their charitable contribution deductions by some or all of the federal, state, or local tax benefits generated by making a gift. Whether those alternatives could be accomplished administratively or would require legislation depends on the details of any such proposal. We believe that Congress is best situated to balance the many competing interests that changes to current law would necessarily implicate. We also caution Congress that a legislative override of the Full Deduction Rule would raise significant administrability concerns and would implicate important federalism values. Congress should tread carefully if it seeks to alter the Full Deduction Rule by statute.

Global Financial Crisis, Credit Access and Children: Evidence from Tanzania

This paper investigates the relationship between the recent global financial crisis and child labour in Tanzania. Using the difference-in-difference methodological framework, we identify households' access to credit as a possible transmission channel of the financial crisis to child labour. Unlike most of the existing studies that employ self-reported shocks, we exploit the incidence of the global crisis as an exogenous shock to compare households that were credit recipients before the crisis with households that were not recipients of credit either prior to the crisis or in its immediate aftermath. To deal with possible bias from the endogeneity of access to credit, this study proposes a new instrument that considers the regional concentration of available micro finance institutions and the number of households' assets. Unlike instruments suggested by the existing literature, our proposed instrument incorporates information on both demand and supply sides of credit access irrespective of whether a household has actually received credit. To avoid the wealth effect which would violate the exogeniety condition, we suggest to count the number of the household's assets no matter how much value they possess. By doing so, our instrument utilizes information on how risk averse a household is and therefore their chances of making a successful loan application. The empirical results reveal that a negative shock on credit-recipient households is associated with a significant increase in child labour in Tanzania.

Lembaga perkreditan desa sebagai penopang keajegan budaya ekonomi masyarakat Bali

Village Credit Union “Lembaga Perkreditan Desa” (LPD) continues to develop into an autonomous and tough intermediary institution. This paper discusses LPD as a model of superior traditional financial institutions, and its role in supporting the economic culture of the people of Bali. This paper is the result of qualitative research with data obtained from observation, documentation study and interview with 10 informants: LPD credit recipients, practitioners and observers of LPD. The data were descriptively, qualitatively, and interpretatively analyzed using economic management theory and the theory of social practice (Bourdieu). The results show: Firstly, LPD develops into a formidable traditional financial institution because: (a) LPD was autonomous, not subject to central policy, but refer to local regulations and awig-awig; (b) Implementation of modern global banking management, ie management functions, 5C principles, and innovation of LPD products and implementastion of cultural values ??of local organizations including Hindu philosophy on prosperity Tri Hita Karana, Catur Asrama and human relations manyamebraya. Secondly, the existence of LPD was able to improve socio-economic welfare and sustain the cultural traditions of indigenous villagers in Bali.