Credible Sources Of Information Research Articles

Older adults' health information behavior in everyday life settings

Health information seeking is an important part of older adults' everyday lives as they cope with their health conditions. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 21 older adults in the United States were analyzed using Savolainen's everyday life information seeking (ELIS) model, especially its key concepts such as way of life and mastery of life. The interview data revealed that except for health care providers, a spouse or partner was mentioned as a credible interpersonal source of health information among older adults in a marital or romantic relationship. Characteristics of older adults' health information behavior in the ELIS context were identified based on types of way of life and mastery of life. For example, those who had more varied types of hobbies, including cognitive, affective, and social hobbies, were exposed to diverse people as they performed their daily routine, potentially resulting in different sources of useful health information. In couple relationships, those with an optimistic as opposed to pessimistic attitude toward a problem-solving situation played the information provider role rather than information receiver role.

Facilitating Climate-Smart Investments

The financial sector will play a key role in transitioning toward low-carbon and climate-resilient development, but financial decision makers need tailored information to guide climate-smart investment decisions. Here, we reflect upon the Sustainable Edge report and investor engagement to pilot a new approach to climate-risk assessment for companies.

Formative research for the design of a scalable water, sanitation, and hygiene mobile health program: CHoBI7 mobile health program

BackgroundThe Cholera-Hospital-Based-Intervention-for-7-Days (CHoBI7) is a handwashing with soap and water treatment intervention program delivered by a health promoter bedside in a health facility and through home visits to diarrhea patients and their household members during the 7 days after admission to a health facility. In a randomized controlled trial among cholera patient households in Bangladesh, the 7-day CHoBI7 program resulted in a significant reduction in cholera among household members of cholera patients and sustained improvements in drinking water quality and handwashing with soap practices 12 months post-intervention. In an effort to take this intervention to scale across Bangladesh in partnership with the Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, this study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of mobile health (mHealth) programs as a low-cost, scalable approach for CHoBI7 program delivery.MethodsFormative research for the development of the CHoBI7 mHealth intervention included 40 semi-structured interviews, 4 mHealth workshops, 2 group discussions, and a pilot study of 52 households to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the developed mHealth program. Thematic analysis of the interviews and group discussions was conducted by two individuals separately based on emergent themes, and then themes were compared and discussed.ResultsA theory- and evidence-based approach using qualitative research methods was implemented to design the CHoBI7 mHealth program. Semi-structured interviews with government stakeholders identified perceptions and preferences for scaling the CHoBI7 mHealth program. Group discussions and semi-structured interviews with diarrhea patients and their family members identified beneficiary perceptions of mHealth and preferences for CHoBI7 mHealth program delivery. mHealth workshops were conducted as an interactive approach to draft and refine mobile message content based on stakeholder preferences. The pilot findings indicate that the CHoBI7 mHealth program has high user acceptability and is feasible to deliver to diarrhea patients that present at health facilities for treatment in Bangladesh. Both text and voice messages were recommended for program delivery. Dr. Chobi, the sender of mHealth messages, was viewed as a credible source of information that could be shared with others.ConclusionThis study presents a theory- and evidence-based approach that can be implemented for the development of future water, sanitation, and hygiene mHealth programs in low-resource settings.

Citations of articles in predatory nursing journals

BackgroundNursing journals from predatory publication outlets may look authentic and seem to be a credible source of information. However, further inspection may reveal otherwise. PurposeThe purpose of this study was to analyze publication and dissemination patterns of articles published in known predatory nursing journals. MethodUsing Scopus, reference lists were searched for citations from seven identified predatory nursing journals. Bibliographic information and subsequent citation information were then collected and analyzed. FindingsA total of 814 citations of articles published in predatory nursing journals were identified. Further analysis indicated that these articles were cited in 141 nonpredatory nursing journals of various types. DiscussionPredatory nursing journals continue to persist, yet fewer may now be in existence. Education and information may help authors and reviewers identify predatory journals, thereby discouraging submissions to these publications and hesitancy among authors to cite articles published in them.

Entornos digitales y credibilidad en los medios en época de la posverdad

La presente investigación indaga sobre la utilización de los medios de comunicación con presencia en entornos digitales como fuentes creíbles de información. Se pretende mostrar qué tipo de plataformas utilizan los ecuatorianos para informarse, así como medir el nivel de preocupación por la credibilidad de los contenidos que consumen y experiencias con las fake news. Se utilizó la metodología cuantitativa con aplicación de un cuestionario a una muestra no probabilística conformada por 384 personas. Entre los resultados se evidencian las principales redes sociales utilizadas para informarse y dónde aparecen, en mayor medida, las noticias falsas.

Methodological Aspects of Studying Labor Commuting

This article studies the approaches to identifying labor commuting, its relation to permanent migration, and development stages of research of this phenomenon. Studies of labor commuting started in the 1950s and 1960s both in the Soviet Union and abroad. Survey questionnaires and transportation statistics used to be the main source of information about this phenomenon. Domestic studies of labor commuting lagged behind foreign studies for a long time due to the small amount of information, while special research has been conducted since the 1960s–1970s in the United States and Europe. In recent years, this gap has been decreasing primarily due to the use of Big Data in Russian studies. This includes data from mobile service providers on movements of mobile users, which is one of the most credible and detailed sources of information about labor commuting today.

Understanding credibility judgements for web search snippets

PurposeIt is well known that information behaviour can be biased in countless ways and that users of web search engines have difficulty in assessing the credibility of results. Yet, little is known about how search engine result page (SERP) listings are used to judge credibility and in which if any way such judgements are biased. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachTwo studies are presented. The first collects data by means of a controlled, web-based user study (N=105). Studying judgements for three controversial topics, the paper examines the extent to which users agree on credibility, the extent to which judgements relate to those applied by objective assessors and to what extent judgements can be predicted by the users’ position on and prior knowledge of the topic. A second, qualitative study (N=9) utilises the same setup; however, transcribed think-aloud protocols provide an understanding of the cues participants use to estimate credibility.FindingsThe first study reveals that users are very uncertain when assessing credibility and their impressions often diverge from objective judges who have fact checked the sources. Little evidence is found indicating that judgements are biased by prior beliefs or knowledge, but differences are observed in the accuracy of judgements across topics. Qualitatively analysing think-aloud transcripts from participants think-aloud reveals ten categories of cues, which participants used to determine the credibility of results. Despite short listings, participants utilised diverse cues for the same listings. Even when the same cues were identified and utilised, different participants often interpreted these differently. Example transcripts show how participants reach varying conclusions, illustrate common mistakes made and highlight problems with existing SERP listings.Originality/valueThis study offers a novel perspective on how the credibility of SERP listings is interpreted when assessing search results. Especially striking is how the same short snippets provide diverse informational cues and how these cues can be interpreted differently depending on the user and his or her background. This finding is significant in terms of how search engine results should be presented and opens up the new challenge of discovering technological solutions, which allow users to better judge the credibility of information sources on the web.

Aggregation of uncertainty data based on ordered weighting aggregation and generalized information quality

It is necessary to take the information quality into consideration in information fusion. However, existing information quality has a limitation due to the ignorance of the credibility of information source. In this paper, the generalized information quality (GIQ) been proposed considering the association among the collected sensor reports, first. Then, the ordered weighting aggregation (OWA) operator of probability distribution based on the GIQ is presented. Numerical example and real application in fault diagnosis are used to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method. The proposed GIQ and OWA algorithm has the advantage in fault tolerance and reduce the impact of conflict data in data fusion process, due to the consideration of the credibility of each sensor report. The proposed method has the promising aspects in uncertainty data aggregation.

Effectiveness of mobile agri-advisory service extension model: Evidence from Direct2Farm program in India

This study examines the effectiveness of mobile as a novel approach for providing targeted and equitable agri-advisory services to farmers at scale. A cross-sectional survey of farmers registered on CABI's Direct2Farm (D2F) user database was undertaken using a combination of telephone interviews, household survey and focus group discussions covering six states in India. Results indicate that majority of farmers receive information from various sources, notably fellow farmers (73%) and government extension (58%). Mobile service was ranked 5th as a source of information out of seven identified. Nonetheless, there was evidence that CABI-D2F mobile services reached a large number of farmers in a short time compared to what could be achieved by traditional extension approaches, and the services significantly influenced farmers to take up new agricultural practices (p < 0.01). At least 40% of the initial 400,000 registered farmers became active users of the service, regarding it as a valuable and credible source of agricultural information. Small-scale farmers, women, and elderly people were less likely to use mobile service with preference for traditional extension approaches. This digital divide may be attributed to low literacy levels, and/or ownership or control of mobile phones. Results raise two issues; firstly how mobile services can be designed to best fit differences in gender and social realities; and secondly, how mobile services can be effectively monitored to ensure messages are being received by targeted users.

Digital Marketing to Promote Healthy Weight Gain Among Pregnant Women in Alberta: An Implementation Study.

BackgroundAs the use of digital media for health promotion has become increasingly common, descriptive studies exploring current and innovative marketing strategies can enhance the understanding of effective strategies and best practices.ObjectiveThis study aims to describe the implementation of a provincial digital media campaign using complementary advertising platforms to promote healthy pregnancy weight gain messages and direct a Web audience to a credible website.MethodsThe digital media campaign occurred in 3 phases, each for 8 weeks, and consisted of search engine marketing using Google AdWords and social media advertising through Facebook. All advertising materials directed users to evidence-based pregnancy-related weight gain content on the Healthy Parents, Healthy Children website.ResultsGoogle Ads received a total of 43,449 impressions, 2522 clicks, and an average click-through rate (CTR) of 5.80%. Of people who clicked on a Google ad, 78.9% (1989/2522) completed an action on the website. Across all Facebook advertisements, there were 772,263 impressions, 14,482 clicks, and an average CTR of 1.88%. The highest-performing advertisement was an image of a group of diverse pregnant women with the headline “Pregnancy weight is not the same for every woman.”ConclusionsThis study supports the use of digital marketing as an important avenue for delivering health messages and directing Web users to credible sources of information. The opportunity to reach large, yet targeted audiences, along with the ability to monitor and evaluate metrics to optimize activities throughout a campaign is a powerful advantage over traditional marketing tactics. Health organizations can use the results and insights of this study to help inform the design and implementation of similar Web-based activities.

Where college students look for vaping information and what information they believe

Objective: This convergent mixed methods study examined how information sources influence college students’ beliefs and knowledge about vaping. Participants: College students either completed a survey (n = 522; January–April, 2016) or were interviewed (n = 33; 2015–2016). Methods: College students completed an online survey asking ‘where’ students had heard about e-cigarette and ‘what’ they had heard. Responses were quantified and a chi-square analysis was conducted. Additional college student e-cigarette users were interviewed about the credibility of information sources. Thematic analysis was conducted with the coded interviews. Results: There was a significant relationship between information sources for e-cigarettes (social sources, media, advertising, education/research) and the messages they recalled. Friends who vaped and e-cigarette users were the most credible information sources. Confirmation bias and scientific impotence bias characterized assessment of e-cigarette information. Conclusions: Health education specialists working on college campuses should provide accurate information via communication channels most unitized by college students.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patient Leaders' Responsibility for Disseminating Health Information Online.

Medical professionals have long been concerned about the lack of accurate information in some online spaces. People with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a great need for health information, and with the rise of social media platforms, patients are going online to share and receive health information from other patients. This study aimed to uncover how patient leaders of online IBD communities share health information, and how they conceive their responsibility to provide accurate information. To answer these questions, a digital ethnography of 14 online IBD communities was conducted. Analysis showed that online community leaders take their responsibility for providing accurate health information seriously and often supplement the information they provide with caveats, disclaimers, and appeals to their audience to consult with their doctors. Audience members appreciate this information and often consider patient communities to be credible sources of information. Community leaders expressed that they desired not to usurp medical professionals' authority but rather to supplement the health information professionals provide with patient stories. These findings may help bridge the gulf that often exists between patients and medical professionals regarding who has authority over health information in online environments.

Behavioral Intention of Dairy Farmers of Punjab State of India towards Antimicrobial Usage- A Dairy Perspective Study

Antimicrobial resistance is a multi-sectoral global threat affecting human and animal health as well as environment. For ensuring prudent use of antimicrobials as a disease control measure on dairy farms, research is needed to understand farmers psychological factors that influence decision-making empirically. The present study looks into the capabilities and facilitating factors of dairy farmers for usage of antimicrobials drugs and their attitude towards its use. The study was conducted in Punjab state of Northern India which was purposively selected and data were collected by structured interview schedule from 180 dairy farmers. The study revealed that cost incurred in purchase of antimicrobials and reduction of antimicrobial use through better management practices to enhance the profit ranked first for outcome attitude. Social referents veterinary doctor and scientist were ranked first and second respectively and were considered credible information sources by the dairy farmer for animal health management practices. Purchasing the full recommended dose and the relative easiness/difficulty associated with purchasing it was ranked first for perceived behavioural control items. To ensure rational usage of antimicrobials without affecting access to antimicrobials, spreading awareness among farmers and increasing the communication among the professionals and field functionaries is a crucial step.

Using Information Retrieval Activities to Foster Analytical Thinking Skills in Higher Education in Thailand: A Case Study of Local Wisdom Education

Three information retrieving lessons were designed to foster analytical thinking in freshmen with minimal prior active learning experience. Thailand Local Wisdom contents were used as an online information platform due to the scarcity in well-established credible information sources. The lessons were collaborative learning both within own group and between groups. The information retrieving, credibility sorting, classroom sharing, analytical thinking assessments, and self-evaluating activities were conducted in sequential steps and repeated in three trials. A reflective pause was introduced between trials. The self-evaluating pause procedure using teacher’s feedback was possibly a major reason for gains, from 65.0% to 82.5% and to 92.5%, in the number of students exhibiting analytical thinking evidence. A free-response survey after the learning experience showed that the students express high appreciation for the active learning activities as fun and analytical-thinking-promoting learning experiences.

The Relationship Between Health Literacy and Patient Participation in Medical Decision Making Among Breast Cancer Patients

Background: Patient participation in medical decisions is essential and requires sufficient knowledge and awareness. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between health literacy and the participation of breast cancer patients in their medical decisions in Shiraz, Iran.&#x0D; Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted on 196 women with breast cancer in 2016-2017. Data were collected using the standardized Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) and the Decisional Conflict Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential methods (t test, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis) on SPSS 21.&#x0D; Results: The mean age of participants was 46.7 years. Their health literacy was inadequate (18.7) and their decisional conflict was average (51.79). There was also an inverse and significant relationship between health literacy and decisional conflict (P &lt; 0.001, r = -0.81)&#x0D; Conclusion: Increasing health literacy could reduce decisional conflict. It requires training individuals be able to access credible and reliable sources of information. This training can be provided through doctors, treatment staff, and public and social media.

The Relationship Between Health Literacy and Patient Participation in Medical Decision Making Among Breast Cancer Patients

Background: Patient participation in medical decisions is essential and requires sufficient knowledge and awareness. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between health literacy and the participation of breast cancer patients in their medical decisions in Shiraz, Iran.&#x0D; Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted on 196 women with breast cancer in 2016-2017. Data were collected using the standardized Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) and the Decisional Conflict Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential methods (t test, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis) on SPSS 21.&#x0D; Results: The mean age of participants was 46.7 years. Their health literacy was inadequate (18.7) and their decisional conflict was average (51.79). There was also an inverse and significant relationship between health literacy and decisional conflict (P &lt; 0.001, r = -0.81)&#x0D; Conclusion: Increasing health literacy could reduce decisional conflict. It requires training individuals be able to access credible and reliable sources of information. This training can be provided through doctors, treatment staff, and public and social media.

Impact of Shared Decision Making on Disease-Modifying Drug Adherence in Multiple Sclerosis.

Shared decision making (SDM) and adherence to treatment are an integral part of multiple sclerosis (MS) care. A collaborative process, SDM actively involves the patient, the health care provider, and an extended network in making treatment decisions. Adherence to disease-modifying drug therapies in patients with MS presents an ongoing challenge for patients and health care providers due to the chronic nature of this disease. This narrative review aims to explore the impact of SDM on adherence based on existing literature and to identify new approaches to optimizing adherence. A search was conducted using medical subject heading terms, including decision-making, adherence, shared decision-making, compliance, and patient-centered care. Shared decision making between patients and clinicians promotes adherence to the treatment plan in MS. A proactive SDM approach is based on patient preferences, education, and engagement. Providing credible and accurate sources of information is essential for improving patient engagement. Home monitoring, computerized models, and active patient engagement are a few new approaches to improve adherence in patients with MS. Shared decision-making interventions can have a positive effect on patient adherence to disease-modifying drug therapy in MS care. A range of new strategies is emerging that may help promote optimal disease management.

How algorithmic popularity bias hinders or promotes quality

Algorithms that favor popular items are used to help us select among many choices, from top-ranked search engine results to highly-cited scientific papers. The goal of these algorithms is to identify high-quality items such as reliable news, credible information sources, and important discoveries–in short, high-quality content should rank at the top. Prior work has shown that choosing what is popular may amplify random fluctuations and lead to sub-optimal rankings. Nonetheless, it is often assumed that recommending what is popular will help high-quality content “bubble up” in practice. Here we identify the conditions in which popularity may be a viable proxy for quality content by studying a simple model of a cultural market endowed with an intrinsic notion of quality. A parameter representing the cognitive cost of exploration controls the trade-off between quality and popularity. Below and above a critical exploration cost, popularity bias is more likely to hinder quality. But we find a narrow intermediate regime of user attention where an optimal balance exists: choosing what is popular can help promote high-quality items to the top. These findings clarify the effects of algorithmic popularity bias on quality outcomes, and may inform the design of more principled mechanisms for techno-social cultural markets.

The Usage and Credibility of Information Sources for Cancer Prevention : Cases of American and South Korean Women

This study investigated the types of information sources related to women’s cancer that have been used and perceived as credible by women in two culturally different countries: South Korea and the U.S. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted with 330 American and 317 South Korean women. Results revealed significant differences between South Korean and American women not only in popular and major information sources for women’s cancers, but also in the levels of credibility that the respondents placed on each information source. It was also found that cancer information via human channels was perceived as more credible than that of media channels in both countries. Based on the findings, several implications for planning and executing effective communication strategies to deliver cancer-related information to target women were discussed.

Social media users’ share intention and subjective well-being

PurposeThe rise of social media has gained increasing attention in recent years; however, few studies have focused on social media users’ specific behavior and subjective well-being. To fill this research gap, the purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated model to investigate factors that affect social media user’s share intention and the relationship between user’s share intention and subjective well-being.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation model is used in this study. A field survey with 398 WeChat users is conducted to test the research model and hypotheses.FindingsThe empirical results show that: utilitarian value, hedonic value, user satisfaction and information source credibility are important factors affecting users’ share intention; users’ share intention positively affects user’s subjective well-being; moderating effects show that relative significance positively moderates the relationship between utilitarian value and users’ share intention; and users’ demographic characteristics differences actually exist in users’ share intention.Originality/valueFirst, the authors clear that factors affect social media users’ share intention from the perspective of customer-perceived value. The results deepen our understanding about the factors that affect WeChat users’ share intention. Second, the authors focus on the effect of users’ specific behavior on users’ subjective well-being and found that users’ share intention is one of the important aspects that affect user’s subjective well-being. More importantly, the authors tested users’ characteristic differences in social media users’ share intention, which have previously received limited attention.