Credible Sources Of Information Research Articles

FUTURE OF PRINT AND E-NEWSPAPER IN INDIA: A CRITIQUE

Print newspapers in India have evolved over the years. The significant readership of print newspaper is an evidence of it being a popular medium among people. Newspapers in India started before independence and gained much attention during the time of freedom struggle with many revolutionaries contributing to the growth of journalism. It became an effective medium to reach the masses. Post independence, print newspapers looked forward to maintaining the newly found freedom. In 1950s, National development became primary goal for the newspapers. Newspapers, by then, had earned the reputation of being a credible source of information. They served as important link between the government and citizens. As post independence many industries were affected by the wave of commercialization, journalism was also not left unaffected. With the coming of satellite television during1990s there were speculations that print newspapers would go obsolete. But newspapers reinvented themselves and learnt to not only co-exist but also made good profits. The dawn of the digital era saw the birth of e-newspapers. India too followed the suit amidst speculations that print newspapers will go obsolete but once again it reinvented itself and survived the wave of change. This paper attempts to trace the journey of newspaper from print to digital. It also attempts to prognosticate the future of print newspaper and e-newspaper in the Indian subcontinent. The paper concludes that although print newspapers are not going anywhere in the near future owing to their willingness to reinvent themselves, the future of newspaper is digital. The paper also explains the factors responsible for the shift in news consumption habits of the Indian readers. To accomplish the objectives of the study, the researchers conducted a focus group discussion with experts from media industry and academia. KEYWORDS: Print newspapers, e-newspapers, new media, digital platforms, vernacular press, localization of news.

Factors affecting the acceptance by Latin Americans of YouTube UGC as a travel information source about Korea : An integration of the source credibility model to the TAM

초록·키워드 목차 오류제보하기 This study seeks to shed light on YouTube users" acceptance of user-generated content (UGC). Specifically, the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the credibility of UGC containing travel information on the viewers’ perception of the usefulness of that travel information. In addition, based on the technology acceptance model (TAM), the step-wide procedures from the perception of information to the formations of both attitude and behavioral intention to use YouTube"s UGC as an information source for travel destinations in Korea among Latin Americans were tested. This study suggests a more comprehensive model by integrating the credibility source model and TAM, which may provide academics and industry with a better understanding on how the source credibility of UGC contributes to a positive attitude toward information sources and viewers’ future behavior. The results of surveying 551 Latin American YouTube users who were interested in traveling to Korea in the near future confirmed that UGC on YouTube is a credible and useful information source about travel destinations in Korea, helping to predict prospective travelers’ intention towards using UGC as an information source for Korean travel destinations. The findings hold several theoretical and managerial implications. #Source credibility #User-generated content (UGC) #YouTube #Technology acceptance model AbstractⅠ. IntroductionⅡ. Literature reviewⅢ. MethodologyⅣ. ResultsⅤ. Discussion and implicationsReferences

Parents' use of information accessed through social media to make immunisation decisions for their young children.

Social media, while available to parents to inform decisions about their child's health, including immunisation, is a new area of exploration in public health. To effectively source, interpret and use such information, parents need to be health literate. This pilot study explored how parents of young children under 7years of age obtained, understood and used immunisation information available through social media to inform immunisation decisions for their children. Purposive sampling followed by a snowball technique was used to recruit parents with one or more children under 7years of age living in the Brisbane North and Sunshine Coast regions, Australia. Face-to-face interviews collected qualitative data in relation to how parents obtained, understood and used information sourced via social media to make immunisation decisions for their children. All participants were passively exposed to immunisation information on social media through Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, Pinterest, LinkedIn and Twitter, but did not report proactively searching for information. The majority understood the immunisation information obtained, however, did not perceive it as credible and used other sources to clarify credibility, including their health care professional. Some participants interacted with the information, but none used it to make immunisation decisions for their children. Whilst parents of children under 7years of age are exposed to immunisation information onsocial media, they do not use this information to make immunisation decisions for their children, and rely on health care professionals for credible information. SO WHAT?: Given health care providers are perceived by parents of young children as credible sources of immunisation information and parents are regularly exposed to immunisation information via social media, further exploration of the potential role of health care professionals in the dissemination of credible immunisation information via social media platforms is warranted.

Social Media Debate Position 1: Against the Use of Social Media as a Credible Source of Information

There are ongoing conversations among information professionals on whether social media can be considered a credible source of information. The very features of social media platforms that make them attractive to users, such as their ability to create and share content, also make these platforms very open to false and misleading content, which calls all content on these platforms into question. The platforms themselves have not yet perfected moderation processes to filter out all misleading and harmful misinformation. This paper contends that for these and other reasons, the social media landscape in its current state cannot be considered a credible source of information. These issues negatively affect user expectations; however, the platforms continue to attract users and thereby present opportunities for misinformation to cause harm. All of these concerns affect the efforts of information professionals to instruct users on identifying false content, as well as the online behavior of these information organizations themselves. This paper discusses the issues of mis- and dis-information and lack of effective content moderation, and examines how information professionals and other users are affected by these issues.

Supporting the information gathering practices of academically advanced college‐bound students

AbstractFor academically advanced college‐bound students, decisions about where to apply, and ultimately, where to enroll are influenced by a wide range of factors. One key factor in the decision‐making process is access to quality information about universities. This qualitative descriptive study used semistructured interviews with 10 high school seniors to explore the research practices academically advanced high school students used as they formed initial choice sets and subsequently eliminated options in the college decision‐making process. Participants in this study primarily researched the availability of academic support, career development opportunities, and peer support. These students used online sources, word of mouth, campus visits, and university contacts to find answers to specific questions about school culture. These findings suggest a need for counselors and school psychologists to help students access credible college information sources and to provide support for students as they evaluate that information in light of academic, social, and career development goals.

Credible Sources of Information Regarding Induced Seismicity

The central United States has seen an increase in earthquakes in recent years, spurring academics to research this new hazard and communicate their findings to the public—that the earthquakes are human-induced and tied to activities associated with oil and gas development. However, individuals receive information from a variety of sources and accept or reject information based on how credible they view the information source. Within this study, we administered and analyzed a household survey to understand what sources individuals view as credible regarding induced seismicity and oil and gas development, and what factors predict this perceived source credibility. We found that academics were viewed as the most credible source, and elected officials were viewed as the least credible source. Rural respondents viewed sources, including academics, as less credible than their urban counterparts. Those who experienced more negative impacts of induced seismicity viewed all sources as less credible than did individuals who have not experienced such adverse impacts. These findings are important to consider when developing outreach and communication campaigns around sustainability issues, as the public will view certain sources, particularly academics, as more credible than the sources that traditionally create and enact policy, such as elected officials and government agencies.

The Impact of Direct-to-Consumer Pharmaceutical Advertising on Public Knowledge of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Study on Over-the-Counter Proton Pump Inhibitors.

BackgroundThe use of direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) to promote sales of over-the-counter (OTC) pharmaceuticals used to manage common medical conditions, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is increasing. However, the educational value of these advertisements as well as the public perceptions of this type of advertising remain largely unknown among non-English speaking populations.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the public perceptions and educational value of a short motion graphic video documenting the lifestyle of person with GERD and presenting a brief introduction to the role of proton pump Inhibitors (PPIs) in relieving the symptoms.MethodsThis was a prospective quasi-experimental study in which a short mock advertising motion graphic video was shown to a sample of adult individuals in malls and shopping centers in different cities across Saudi Arabia. Participants were required to express their levels of agreement with six statements concerning their perceptions of DTCA of OTC drugs, and answer a quiz consisting of three questions and enquiries about their knowledge of GERD and the OTC drugs used in its treatment.ResultsTwo hundred and ninety-five participants were involved in this study, the majority of whom were female (55.30%). After watching the video, the percentages of participants who strongly agreed or agreed that DTCA is a credible source of information and encourages them to purchase the marketed drug have increased significantly (P<0.05). With regard to the quiz, the percentages of participants with correct answers regarding the definition of GERD, knowledge of OTC drugs for GERD, and awareness of the common side effects of PPIs increased from 81.69% to 95.93%, 69.83% to 96.27%, and 46.44% to 91.53%, respectively (P<0.0001).ConclusionDTCA of OTC drugs for GERD, particularly if the content complies with the regulatory requirements, can promote the public knowledge of the disease and treatment options.

Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Proxy Data: Case study of Megech Watershed, Ethiopia

Study RegionPart of the Lake Tana sub-basin of the Blue Nile, Ethiopia Study focusThis study is aimed to identify and locate the groundwater potential zones of Megech watershed using geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing. Lithology, lineament density, slope, geomorphology, soil, land use and land cover, rainfall, drainage density and elevation were used as proxy data to map the groundwater potential zones of the watershed. Weights were assigned for each thematic layer and thematic layer classes using the PriEsT Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) tool. Suitably ArcGIS overlay analysis was conducted to obtain the groundwater potential map. Geology, lineament density, slope and geomorphology were found to be the dominant and sensitive factors for groundwater zoning as portrayed in the map removal analysis. New hydrological insights for the regionThree groundwater potential zones were identified in the study area namely low, moderate and high. These groundwater potential zones were compared with an independent set of groundwater inventory data to validate the results. The validation analysis showed 78.5 % agreement between the groundwater inventory data and the qualitative results. Use of proxy data can serve as a credible source of information for groundwater potential zoning and could greatly help in the groundwater development and management of a region.

Developing and testing a mobile application for breastfeeding support: The Milky Way application

BackgroundSupporting women to continue breastfeeding is a global challenge. The Milky Way Program is an effective face to face intervention to increase breastfeeding rates up to six months postpartum. The sustainability and access to the Milky Way Program could be enhanced by transforming it into a mobile application allowing women to access relevant information from their own place at a convenient time. AimTo explore the process of transforming the Milky Way Program into an acceptable and usable mobile health application. MethodStakeholders including multidisciplinary researchers and end-users designed the application based on the Milky Way Program by using Persuasive System Design principles. A mixed-method approach was used in the development and evaluation process. Seven women were recruited through convenience sampling to pilot test the application. The women’s feedback was collected through an online survey six weeks after birth and individual interviews at four months postpartum. FindingsWomen in the pilot study reported that the breastfeeding application was well designed, easy to use, interactive, reassuring and evidence-based with credible sources of information. ConclusionThe Persuasive System Design model combined with end-user engagement can feasibly inform the development of an acceptable and usable mobile health application for breastfeeding based on a proven clinical intervention. Further rigorous testing is required to evaluate the effectiveness of the application on breastfeeding initiation and duration.

GIQ: A Generalized Intelligent Quality-Based Approach for Fusing Multisource Information

In this article, we propose a generalized intelligent quality-based approach for fusing multisource information. The goal of the proposed approach is to fuse the multicomplex-valued information while maintaining a high quality of the fused result by considering the usage of credible information sources. First, a vector representation of complex-valued distribution is defined, as well as the definitions of compatibility and conflict degrees between complex-valued distributions. Based on that, the information quality measure of complex-valued distribution is devised by leveraging the concept of Gini entropy. After that, we study some special cases of the information quality measure in maximally certain and uncertain complex-valued distributions. Additionally, a uniform fusion method for complex-valued distributions is proposed on the basis of the complex-valued information quality as an initial feasible basis of decision-making. Taking into account a credibility measure in terms of the subsets of information sources, a weighted fusion method is then presented for complex-valued distributions. Particularly, the weighted fusion method can achieve the highest quality of the fused result from the associated aggregations of information that are modeled in complex-valued distributions. Finally, some examples are illustrated to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods.

P554 Dietary practices and beliefs of patients with inactive ulcerative colitis: A prospective UK study

Abstract Background Our understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in particular the impact of environmental factors, remains limited. The role of diet in IBD appears to be of particular importance to patients. The dietary habits of the IBD population with inactive disease have scarcely been reported. We describe the dietary practices of patients with inactive ulcerative colitis (UC) and the information resources which guide these beliefs. Methods We developed a questionnaire assessing demographics, dietary practices and the use of information resources in patients with inactive UC (defined as a PRO2 score ≤ 1 (rectal bleeding subscore = 0)). This is being prospectively administered to 200 consecutive patients with inactive UC. Results Data from 168 patients are available to date. Mean patient age is 54 years, 58% male and 89% Caucasian. Mean disease duration is 12 years. Disease extent is 20% E1, 43% E2 and 29% E3. Sixty-three per cent of patients report no relapse in the last year. 32% consider diet to be an initiating factor for their UC and this is based on their own experience (93%), the internet (30%) and a gastroenterologist’s advice (22%). 39% of patients feel that diet has previously triggered a relapse of their disease, the most commonly reported triggers being spicy foods (45%), alcohol (38%), fatty foods (38%), coffee (27%) and milk products (26%). Fifty-four per cent of patients avoid certain foods, at least sometimes, to prevent relapse. Spicy foods are most frequently avoided (76%) followed by fatty foods (65%), alcohol (53%), coffee (46%), carbonated drinks (44%), milk products (42%) and red meat (36%). Female patients are significantly more likely to restrict their diet in an attempt to prevent a relapse of their UC (p = 0.002). A fifth of patients consume specific foods or nutritional supplements to prevent a UC relapse, most commonly probiotics or turmeric. Fifty-seven per cent of patients believe that the recommended diet in disease remission is different to that in relapse however less than half of patients report being able to find specific dietary advice for UC. Dietary recommendations are most commonly sourced via the internet. Conclusion A significant proportion of patients with inactive UC have strong beliefs pertaining to diet and specific dietary triggers. Credible sources of dietary information for IBD patients remain lacking. A high prevalence of self-imposed dietary restriction may risk nutritional deficiency in such patients and impact upon the quality of life. More data and mechanistic explanations are needed to understand the complicated relationship between dietary components and gut inflammation. A larger dataset will be presented at conference proceedings.

The Magnifying Effect of Television News: Civil Rights Coverage and Eyes on the Prize

Henry Hampton’s award-winning documentary Eyes on the Prize was notable for its reliance on news footage and interviews with civil rights activists. Undergirding the approach was his reliance on a pre-production process called Scholar School where he hosted academics, civil rights activists, and members of the media for intense discussions regarding the civil rights movement. Audio tapes of the media session demonstrate a connection between the development of broadcast news as a credible source of information about the civil rights movement and the movement’s use of the media to obtain national attention for its goals. The narrative uses a constructivist approach to place the details heard on the tapes within the context of civil rights scholarship through the use of interviews and archival materials resulting in a nuanced understanding about the perceptions and role of the media in civil rights coverage.

Gender differences in information needs and communication behaviour among the tribal farm families in Odisha, India

This study was conducted among 160 tribal farm women and men in Odisha to understand the gender differences in information needs and communication behaviour. The tribal farm women were interested in information on value addition to forest-based resources and best practices in livestock management. The predominant information needs among men were on sources of quality inputs, monsoon advisory, market demand for various products and access to institutional finance. The study found fewer similarities and more differences in male and female communication styles. The males were observed to be contentious and dominant, while the farm women in tribal communities were observed to be exhibiting friendly, attentive, precise and open communicator styles. Majority of the respondents rarely utilized the formal sources of agricultural information, such as agricultural extension personnel, and occasionally used researchers and Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) for receiving information on agricultural technologies. The flow of communication was found to be mostly horizontal among farm women, whereas it was horizontal and vertical among men. The interpersonal channels were regarded as most credible sources of information, both localite and cosmopolite among men, and localite among women, rather than mass media sources. Most of the informal sources such as family members, friends, progressive farmers and opinion leaders were regularly utilized by them for gathering and dissemination of agricultural information. This needs the attention of researchers and extension personnel to utilize the personal localite sources for information dissemination to ensure better outreach among tribal farm families, especially among the farm women. The Spearman's rank correlation revealed that there were no gender differences in the association of socio-personal variables with the communication behaviour.

Investigating Sustainable Practices in Hotel Industry-from Employees’ Perspective: Evidence from a Mediterranean Island

Although several studies have researched the hotel employees’ environmental behavior, none has addressed the hotel employees’ perception of their respective hotels’ sustainability practices. This study aims to investigate the sustainable practices in four and five star hotels in a Mediterranean island by employing Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) hotel criteria indicators, indicators of sustainable development for tourism destinations (WTO), and the European Union’s (EU) sustainability framework for the Mediterranean hotels− “Nearly Zero-Energy Hotels” (NEZEH), and global sustainable development goals (SDG) in the context of three dimensions: social, economic and environment. The sampled hotels claim that their operation system is conformed to sustainability principles with the aim of furthering their green agenda. In this study, we aim to investigate the validity and extent of this claim. About 290 (N = 290) employees in the specified hotels were surveyed. The measurement instruments were compiled based on sustainability indicators that encompassed addressing social, economic, and environmental dimensions. The research questions contextualized around four main themes: effective sustainability planning, maximizing social and economic benefits for the local community, enhancing cultural heritage, and reducing negative environmental impacts. For the statistical and data analysis, SEM (structural equation modeling) is used. Study revealed that employees are a legitimate and credible source of information about sustainability practices. It is also revealed that as going green is becoming a means toward branding, hotels are making efforts to implement a genuine sustainability practice. Study also indicated that the majority of employees validated the sustainability practices as genuine.

Older adults' health information behavior in everyday life settings

Health information seeking is an important part of older adults' everyday lives as they cope with their health conditions. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 21 older adults in the United States were analyzed using Savolainen's everyday life information seeking (ELIS) model, especially its key concepts such as way of life and mastery of life. The interview data revealed that except for health care providers, a spouse or partner was mentioned as a credible interpersonal source of health information among older adults in a marital or romantic relationship. Characteristics of older adults' health information behavior in the ELIS context were identified based on types of way of life and mastery of life. For example, those who had more varied types of hobbies, including cognitive, affective, and social hobbies, were exposed to diverse people as they performed their daily routine, potentially resulting in different sources of useful health information. In couple relationships, those with an optimistic as opposed to pessimistic attitude toward a problem-solving situation played the information provider role rather than information receiver role.

Facilitating Climate-Smart Investments

The financial sector will play a key role in transitioning toward low-carbon and climate-resilient development, but financial decision makers need tailored information to guide climate-smart investment decisions. Here, we reflect upon the Sustainable Edge report and investor engagement to pilot a new approach to climate-risk assessment for companies.

Formative research for the design of a scalable water, sanitation, and hygiene mobile health program: CHoBI7 mobile health program

BackgroundThe Cholera-Hospital-Based-Intervention-for-7-Days (CHoBI7) is a handwashing with soap and water treatment intervention program delivered by a health promoter bedside in a health facility and through home visits to diarrhea patients and their household members during the 7 days after admission to a health facility. In a randomized controlled trial among cholera patient households in Bangladesh, the 7-day CHoBI7 program resulted in a significant reduction in cholera among household members of cholera patients and sustained improvements in drinking water quality and handwashing with soap practices 12 months post-intervention. In an effort to take this intervention to scale across Bangladesh in partnership with the Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, this study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of mobile health (mHealth) programs as a low-cost, scalable approach for CHoBI7 program delivery.MethodsFormative research for the development of the CHoBI7 mHealth intervention included 40 semi-structured interviews, 4 mHealth workshops, 2 group discussions, and a pilot study of 52 households to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the developed mHealth program. Thematic analysis of the interviews and group discussions was conducted by two individuals separately based on emergent themes, and then themes were compared and discussed.ResultsA theory- and evidence-based approach using qualitative research methods was implemented to design the CHoBI7 mHealth program. Semi-structured interviews with government stakeholders identified perceptions and preferences for scaling the CHoBI7 mHealth program. Group discussions and semi-structured interviews with diarrhea patients and their family members identified beneficiary perceptions of mHealth and preferences for CHoBI7 mHealth program delivery. mHealth workshops were conducted as an interactive approach to draft and refine mobile message content based on stakeholder preferences. The pilot findings indicate that the CHoBI7 mHealth program has high user acceptability and is feasible to deliver to diarrhea patients that present at health facilities for treatment in Bangladesh. Both text and voice messages were recommended for program delivery. Dr. Chobi, the sender of mHealth messages, was viewed as a credible source of information that could be shared with others.ConclusionThis study presents a theory- and evidence-based approach that can be implemented for the development of future water, sanitation, and hygiene mHealth programs in low-resource settings.

Citations of articles in predatory nursing journals

BackgroundNursing journals from predatory publication outlets may look authentic and seem to be a credible source of information. However, further inspection may reveal otherwise. PurposeThe purpose of this study was to analyze publication and dissemination patterns of articles published in known predatory nursing journals. MethodUsing Scopus, reference lists were searched for citations from seven identified predatory nursing journals. Bibliographic information and subsequent citation information were then collected and analyzed. FindingsA total of 814 citations of articles published in predatory nursing journals were identified. Further analysis indicated that these articles were cited in 141 nonpredatory nursing journals of various types. DiscussionPredatory nursing journals continue to persist, yet fewer may now be in existence. Education and information may help authors and reviewers identify predatory journals, thereby discouraging submissions to these publications and hesitancy among authors to cite articles published in them.

Entornos digitales y credibilidad en los medios en época de la posverdad

La presente investigación indaga sobre la utilización de los medios de comunicación con presencia en entornos digitales como fuentes creíbles de información. Se pretende mostrar qué tipo de plataformas utilizan los ecuatorianos para informarse, así como medir el nivel de preocupación por la credibilidad de los contenidos que consumen y experiencias con las fake news. Se utilizó la metodología cuantitativa con aplicación de un cuestionario a una muestra no probabilística conformada por 384 personas. Entre los resultados se evidencian las principales redes sociales utilizadas para informarse y dónde aparecen, en mayor medida, las noticias falsas.

Methodological Aspects of Studying Labor Commuting

This article studies the approaches to identifying labor commuting, its relation to permanent migration, and development stages of research of this phenomenon. Studies of labor commuting started in the 1950s and 1960s both in the Soviet Union and abroad. Survey questionnaires and transportation statistics used to be the main source of information about this phenomenon. Domestic studies of labor commuting lagged behind foreign studies for a long time due to the small amount of information, while special research has been conducted since the 1960s–1970s in the United States and Europe. In recent years, this gap has been decreasing primarily due to the use of Big Data in Russian studies. This includes data from mobile service providers on movements of mobile users, which is one of the most credible and detailed sources of information about labor commuting today.