Creation Of Materials Research Articles

Microstructure Design and Dimensional Engineering of Nanomaterials for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Thermal Insulation.

Multifunctional materials integrated with electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA), thermal insulation, and lightweight properties are urgently indispensable for the flourishing advancement of space technology, which can simultaneously prevent electromagnetic detection and resist aerodynamic heating. To achieve excellent synergistic EWA and thermal insulation performance, the elaborate regulate the microstructure and dimension of nanomaterials has emerged as a captivating research direction. However, comprehending the structure-property relationships between microstructure, electromagnetic response, and thermal insulation mechanisms remains a significant challenge. Herein, a comprehensive perspective focuses on the microstructure design encompassing various dimensions of nanomaterials, providing a comprehensive understanding of correlations among structure, EWA, and thermal insulation. First, the cutting-edge mechanisms of EWA and thermal insulation are elaborated, followed by the relationship between the dimensions of nanomaterials. Moreover, the synergistic design methods of EWA and thermal insulation are explored. Lastly, this review summarizes the corresponding shortcomings and issues of current EWA-integrated thermal insulation materials and proposes breakthrough directions for the creation of materials with superior performance.

Research of viscoelastic and hygroscopic properties of adhesive, textile materials and packages based on them

Materials with multifunctional properties are the future of modern clothing, and the creation of such materials is extremely urgent. When creating such materials, it is appropriate to use non-woven nano-modified materials as components of clothing details. At the same time, it is important to ensure the viscoelastic and hygroscopic properties of packages of materials for making clothes. This study presents the analysis of these important properties of tissue packages depending on the parameters of their duplication.

Stacking Transformation-Triggered Circularly Polarized Luminescence Reversion in γ-Cyclodextrins-Pyrene Co-Assembly.

Considerable attention has been directed towards cyclodextrins (CDs) in the creation of co-assembled CPL-active materials, owing to their intrinsic chiral host cavities and synergistic host-guest interactions. However, achieving reversed CPL emission regulation with single-handedness CDs moiety poses a significant challenge. In this study, we have devised a series of γ-CD-based host-guest complexes comprising dual pyrene imidazolium derivatives with multiple linkers, which exhibit reversed circularly polarized emission. We have uncovered that the transformation of excimer stacking within γ-CD/pyrene complexes contributes to the inverted CPL emissions originating from a single-handed chiral host. This research elucidates the phenomenon of (+)- and (-)-circularly polarized excimer emission (CPEE) within γ-CD, arising from right- and left-handed stacking conformations, respectively.

Shockvertising - Viewers’ visual communication perspectives of a controversial skincare advertisement

The rise of digital advertising has led to the creation of various innovative materials to capture the target market’s attention. To stay competitive, many advertisers use “shockvertising”, creating controversial advertisements with a significant impact on viewers’ attitudes and sentiments. This survey research is based on Lester’s Six Perspectives in Visual Communication theory which explained that viewers’ personal, historical, technical, cultural, ethical and critical perspectives are the determining factor in nalysing their controversial consideration perception. In this study, the use of the theory is to explore viewers’ perspectives on a controversial Malaysian skincare advertisement. Using a quantitative approach, 250 respondents rated their perception of a SlimmeWhite skincare TV advertisement. The responses were analysed using SPSS to address three research questions, finding correlations and mean results. The study found that personal technical and ethical perspectives significantly influenced viewers’ attitudes towards the advertisement, identifying these as the controversial aspects. In contrast, critical and cultural perspectives were the least controversial. The advertisement was deemed highly controversial, but gender did not affect viewers’ perspectives. This research concludes that the resulting data are very valuable for advertising students, brand advertisers and companies in understanding viewers’ perspectives on controversial elements in Malaysian skincare advertisements.

Fabrication of Bi‐Functional Samarium Oxide/Copper Oxide Nanocuboid Electrocatalyst for Electrochemical Water Splitting

The development of low‐cost, high‐performance electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for a vast array of chemical and energy transformation applications. Using non‐platinum metals as electrocatalysts in a key process such as OER has become increasingly attractive given their relatively low cost, high electrocatalytic activity, and low environmental impact. Herein, to achieve a better catalytic material with high permeability and mass charge transfer in a catalytic framework, a novel, oxygen‐defective Sm2O3/CuO nanohybrid with nanocuboid architecture is developed. The creation of a new composite material which consist of samarium oxide and copper oxide, demonstrates high effectiveness in the process of electrochemical water splitting. The combined use of samarium oxide and copper oxide improves the electrocatalytic performance, stability, and durability due to it synergistic effect. In alkaline media, the Sm2O3/CuO nanocomposite exhibits an astonishing overpotential of 248 mV along with a lower Tafel value of 46 mVdec−1 for OER and nanocomposite also exhibits acceptable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance. Due to the unprecedented porous nanocuboid morphology and the strong synergistic effect between the two materials, the oxygen‐defective Sm2O3/CuO composite exhibits impressive electrical properties and performs exceptionally well as an electrocatalyst for intrinsic water splitting. At an operational potential of 0.5 V, porous Sm2O3/CuO displays outstanding reactivity, Sm2O3/CuO exhibits remarkable results during electrochemical operation.

Design and practice of human-machine cooperative international Chinese character teaching in ChatGPT application

The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into language education has created new opportunities for improving the instruction and acquisition of Chinese characters. Nevertheless, the cognitive difficulties linked to the acquisition of Chinese characters, such as their intricate visual features and lack of clear meaning, necessitate thoughtful deliberation when developing AI-supported learning interventions. The objective of this project is to explore the capacity of a collaborative method between humans and machines in teaching Chinese characters, utilising the advantages of both human expertise and AI technology. We specifically investigate the utilisation of ChatGPT, a substantial language model, for the creation of instructional materials and evaluation methods aimed at teaching Chinese characters to individuals who are not native speakers. The study utilises a mixed-methods approach, which involves both qualitative examination of lesson plans created by ChatGPT and quantitative evaluation of student learning outcomes. The results indicate that the suggested framework for human-machine collaboration can successfully tackle the cognitive difficulties associated with learning Chinese characters, resulting in enhanced learner involvement and performance. Nevertheless, the research also emphasises the constraints of AI-generated material and the significance of human involvement in guaranteeing the accuracy and dependability of educational interventions. This research adds to the expanding collection of literature on AI-assisted language learning and offers practical insights for educators and instructional designers who aim to use AI tools into Chinese language curriculum. The results emphasise the necessity of employing a multi-disciplinary strategy in AI-supported language learning, incorporating knowledge from cognitive psychology, educational technology, and second language acquisition.

Investigation of Middle School Students' Attitudes towards Mathematics Course in the Context of Different Variables (Eskişehir-Türkiye Case)

It is believed that students' motivation and emotions have an important role in their understanding of mathematics teaching. In this context, this study aims to investigate middle school students' attitudes towards mathematics lessons in the light of various variables. A quantitative cross-sectional survey approach was used in the design of the study. It was tried to understand how these variables affect students' attitudes towards mathematics. In the study, various variables such as gender, grade level, school type, technology use, use of concrete materials/activities in lessons and use of Education Information Network (EBA), an online platform for distance education, were taken into consideration. According to the findings of the study, students' attitudes towards mathematics lessons are positively affected by educational policies, curriculum designs and the creation of concrete materials and activities in the classroom. In particular, a detrimental change was observed in the attitudes of students who used EBA less. The perspective provided by this study is crucial for understanding middle school students' attitudes about mathematics in learning environments. It is also recommended that the study be extended to cover more samples and regions, as the findings can serve as a basis for further research.

The Phosphonitrilic-derived graphynes as promising adsorbents of greenhouse gases

The new hybrid graphyne-like materials with highly developed specific surface area and excellent greenhouse gas adsorption properties have been described. Inorganic P3N3Cl6 was selected as a building block and 1,4-diacetylene benzene was chosen as a linker for these materials. The chemical structure of P3N3Cl6 allows for creation of three-dimensional materials with the BET surface area ranging from 600 to 1000 m2 g−1 and a pore volume as high as 0.3 cm3 g−1. The obtained materials showed microporous structure and distinctive greenhouse gas adsorption properties. For those materials, CO2 adsorption reached as high as 1.5 mmol g−1, while for N2O ranged from 1.5 to 1.7 mmol g−1, and for CH4 was 0.4 mmol g−1 when adsorption was carried out at 100 kPa and 300 K. Moreover, obtained by the modified Dubinin adsorption model, the maximum adsorption values were 2.5–11 mmol g−1 depending on the type of materials used. This finding suggests that new materials are promising high-pressure adsorbents of greenhouse gases.

Copper-doping enhanced electrochemical performance of cobalt embedded nitrogen-doped porous carbon dodecahedra in lithium-ion half/full batteries

The creation of negative electrode materials that have quick redox kinetics, reduced volumetric expansion, and a high reversible specific capacity is the linchpin to the advancement of lithium-ion batteries. Here, we prepared copper-doping cobalt-embedded nitrogen-doped porous carbon (CoCu@NC) by calcining copper-modified ZIF-67. The unique hollow structure presents a fast ionic diffusion channel and good structural stability. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation testifies that Cu-doping can regulate the electronic structure of the CoCu@NC surface as well as enhance lithium ions adsorption capacity on nitrogen sites. Furthermore, the presence of N and Cu could generate more defects, thereby achieving rapid storage reaction kinetics of lithium ions. Benefiting from the cooperative effect between Co and Cu double-doped at NC, strain and stress are alleviated during lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation processes, thus improving cycling stability and performance. Therefore, CoCu@NC shows a superior capacity of 1155.10 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, and good stability with 310.90 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 after 600 cycles. The assembled LiCoO2//CoCu@NC-7 lithium-ion full battery can achieve a discharge-specific capacity at 3 A g−1 for 182.60 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles.

Magnetic properties of GdFeCo thin films tailored by sputtering conditions

The unique properties of ferrimagnets including easy detection of their dynamic and static states, strong resistance to external disturbances, and rapid dynamic characteristics, have made them attractive in the spintronics community. Our study focuses on the engineering of these magnetic properties of ferrimagnets, particularly employing a GdFeCo alloy, a prominent ferrimagnetic material, by utilizing magnetron sputtering. A series of GdFeCo films are fabricated by altering their thicknesses and working pressure during the sputtering process. Our experimental results reveal that these sputtering parameters significantly influence a Gd composition within the films, which in turn affects critical properties of ferrimagnets such as magnetic anisotropy, and magnetic moment compensation temperature. By precisely controlling these sputtering parameters, we successfully tailored the magnetic properties of the GdFeCo thin films with desired properties, offering new possibilities for the creation of sophisticated magnetic materials tailored to specific technological needs.

A SWOT analysis of generative AI in applied linguistics: Leveraging strengths, addressing weaknesses, seizing opportunities, and mitigating threats

Background The integration of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Gemini, into the field of applied linguistics presents transformative opportunities alongside notable challenges. This study aims to evaluate the role of AI in applied linguistics through a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis. Methods Using a sample derived from Scopus and Web of Science, we identified relevant studies by applying specific search terms. Our qualitative research design used the SWOT framework to systematically review and analyse studies, ensuring a robust synthesis of data. Results The results of our SWOT analysis revealed the following: 1) Strengths: Enhanced educational tools and resources through AI-driven personalization and interactive learning, increased efficiency and accessibility in generating educational materials, and innovative research applications leveraging semantic similarity measures and advanced linguistic analyses. 2) Weaknesses: Quality and accuracy concerns in AI-generated content, potential over-dependence on AI tools leading to diminished student creativity and ethical issues, and technical limitations in handling complex academic writing tasks. 3) Opportunities: Potential for educational innovation and pedagogical integration, advancements in AI technology to support linguistic research, and fostering global collaboration and access through AI tools. 4) Threats: Risks to academic integrity due to AI-generated content, technological and implementation challenges, and privacy and security concerns regarding data handling. Conclusions Based on the SWOT analysis, we introduced a strategic plan to maximize strengths and opportunities while addressing weaknesses and threats. The strategy includes promoting personalized learning through AI tools, streamlining the creation of educational materials, fostering innovative research applications, ensuring human oversight to maintain content quality, developing ethical guidelines to prevent misuse, investing in necessary infrastructure and training, and implementing robust data protection measures.

Optimising the effectiveness of osmotic desalination process by using graphene-based nanomaterials

This work examines how graphene-based nanoparticles can be integrated into membranes to improve the effectiveness of water treatment in osmotic desalination processes. This is important since sustainable practices can help address the world's water scarcity. Water treatment, desalination, and resource recovery are areas where osmotic desalination shows great potential. However, membrane performance constraints frequently impede its efficacy. High mechanical strength, superior hydrophilicity, and the ability to lessen internal concentration polarisation are just a few of the remarkable qualities that make graphene-based nanoparticles stand out. In order to increase the membranes' overall functionality, these nanoparticles were created and added to them. Comparing the study to conventional membranes, the main goals were to increase water flux rates and salt ion rejection capacities. It was shown by experimental results that the membranes strengthened with graphene-based nanoparticles performed better. They outperformed conventional membranes in terms of water flow growth and salt ion rejection rates improvement. In order to advance osmotic desalination technologies towards more effective and sustainable water treatment options, this study highlights the revolutionary potential of graphene-based nanoparticles. Graphene-based nanoparticles provide an attractive option for tackling major water issues worldwide by improving membrane characteristics that are essential for osmotic desalination, such as permeability and selectivity. Water management techniques that are environmentally sustainable are supported by their integration into membranes, which also enhances performance metrics. This study opens the door for creative approaches to resource recovery and water treatment by providing important insights into the creation of cutting-edge materials specifically designed for osmotic desalination applications.

SUPPLEMENTARY OPEN AND DISTANCE EDUCATION FOR IMPRISONED ADULTS

The adoption and implementation of distance education in the prison school context implies new roles for teachers, formal and non-formal learners and educational materials, while enhancing openness as an integral feature of a distance education environment. This study – through a participatory action research – seeks to explore how teachers have applied e-inclusion to enable inclusive online teaching/learning strategies, emphasizing the interaction of digital tool learners and teachers. Needs emerged that helped to clearly show the necessity of face-to-face teaching but also the existence of complementary distance education to prevent the digital divide from increasing the difficulties of students with special educational needs, in relation to the possibilities of distance education in prison schools. The investigation of the educational needs of institutionalised adults from their own perspective was defined as the basis for the creation of appropriate and effective educational material. The novelty of the material lies in the fact that it presents information in a way of active involvement of the trainees in the learning process. In the design of the multimodal educational material, the purpose and expected results were used, so that the trainee could evaluate their progress on their own. Our aim was for learners to be able to improve their knowledge across the whole range of teaching contents by developing cognitive and social skills.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0717/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Применение методов интернет-маркетинга для стимулирования агротуризма на сельских территориях

Abstract. In the context of the development of digital technologies and the increasing number of internet users worldwide, internet marketing becomes a powerful tool for attracting and retaining the target audience. For rural areas, the application of internet marketing can significantly enhance the attractiveness and accessibility of agritourism destinations and offerings. Purpose of article is to identify effective internet marketing methods for stimulating agritourism in rural areas. Methods. The study employs analytical and empirical methods, including a review and analysis of existing internet marketing methods such as SEO, content marketing, social media, and email marketing, and their adaptation to agritourism. The study also includes the analysis of successful cases and provides practical recommendations for integrating internet marketing into the development strategy of agritourism. Results. Strategies are identified for creating unique and attractive tourism products that meet the demands of modern tourists and support the sustainable development of rural areas. The study examines aspects of content development that reflect the uniqueness and authenticity of rural regions, including the creation of visual and textual materials, videos, and virtual tours. Special attention is given to the role of social media in promoting agritourism products, which allows for direct communication with potential tourists, creating a loyal community, and improving the reputation of tourism destinations. The impact of reviews and ratings on tourists' decision-making is also analyzed, and methods for managing online reputation are proposed. Scientific novelty. The article presents a new concept for integrating internet marketing into agritourism, which can become a valuable contribution to the practices of regional management structures and entrepreneurs. Unique approaches to the creation and promotion of agritourism products are considered, the importance of integrating Internet marketing into the overall strategy for the development of agritourism in rural areas is emphasized, which helps attract more tourists, support local communities, create jobs and preserve cultural heritage. Special attention is given to the use of data analytics and offer personalization to increase tourist engagement and improve their experience.

Transforming Urban Sanitation: Enhancing Sustainability through Machine Learning-Driven Waste Processing

The enormous increase in the volume of waste caused by the population boom in cities is placing a considerable burden on waste processing in cities. The inefficiency and high costs of conventional approaches exacerbate the risks to the environment and human health. This article proposes a thorough approach that combines deep learning models, IoT technologies, and easily accessible resources to overcome these challenges. Our main goal is to advance a framework for intelligent waste processing that utilizes Internet of Things sensors and deep learning algorithms. The proposed framework is based on Raspberry Pi 4 with a camera module and TensorFlow Lite version 2.13. and enables the classification and categorization of trash in real time. When trash objects are identified, a servo motor mounted on a plastic plate ensures that the trash is sorted into appropriate compartments based on the model’s classification. This strategy aims to reduce overall health risks in urban areas by improving waste sorting techniques, monitoring the condition of garbage cans, and promoting sanitation through efficient waste separation. By streamlining waste handling processes and enabling the creation of recyclable materials, this framework contributes to a more sustainable waste management system.

Optimization of Na2SO4•10H2O composites for cold storage by D-optimal mixture design

This study delved into the creation of a composite phase-change material (PCM), named SBNSC, for potential application in cold storage air-conditioning systems (8–16°C). The composite PCM was formulated using sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4·10H2O) as the primary PCM, borax as a nucleating agent, ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as a temperature control additive, sodium hexametaphosphate as a crystal modifier and carboxymethylcellulose as a thickening agent. The D-optimal mixture design was employed to optimize the composition, and this resulted in the identification of an optimal formulation characterized by the most desirable properties. The thermal properties were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry and revealed a phase-change temperature of 15.40°C. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the composite PCM. After 100 cooling and heating cycles, the crystallization temperature was 9.50°C, the melting temperature was 15.50°C and the supercooling degree was 0.70°C. The enthalpy values showed an 11.22% decrease, indicating reliable thermal performance. The study concluded that the optimal formulation (SBNSC) exhibits commendable thermophysical properties, demonstrating its potential for effective application in phase-change cold storage air-conditioning systems.

Development of Controllable Hetero‐Pauson‐Khand Polymerization to Functional Stimuli‐Responsive Poly(γ‐lactam)s

Polymers containing lactam structures play a crucial role in both natural biological systems and human life, and their synthesis, functions and applications are of utmost importance for biomimetics and the creation of new materials. In this study, we developed an efficient heterogeneous Pauson‐Khand polymerization (h‐PKP) method for the controlled synthesis of main‐chain poly(γ‐lactam)s containing α, β‐unsaturated γ‐lactam functionalities using readily available internal alkynes and imines. The molecular weights of the resulting poly(N‐Ts/γ‐lactam)s can be precisely controlled by adjusting the ratio of phenyl formate and nickel. These polymers exhibit high solid‐state luminescence and demonstrate rapid and sensitive dual responsiveness to light and acid stimuli. They further demonstrate strong reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capability. The unique dual‐emission peaks observed in poly(N‐H/γ‐lactam)s obtained through post‐treatment under acidic conditions demonstrate a mechanism of aggregation‐induced intermolecular excited‐state proton transfer specific to lactam structures. The efficient one‐pot synthetic method for poly(γ‐lactam) provides a novel strategy for constructing polymers with γ‐lactam structures in the main chain and the simple and efficient post‐modification method offer a versatile toolbox for functionalizing poly(γ‐lactam)s to expand their potential applications.

Quantum Computing for All: Online Courses Built Around an Interactive Visual Quantum Circuit Simulator.

Quantum computing is a highly abstract scientific discipline, which, however, is expected to have great practical relevance in future information technology. This forces educators to seek new methods to teach quantum computing for students with diverse backgrounds and with no prior knowledge of quantum physics. We have developed an online course built around an interactive quantum circuit simulator designed to enable easy creation and maintenance of course material with ranging difficulty. The immediate feedback and automatically evaluated tasks lower the entry barrier to quantum computing for all students, regardless of their background.

Magnetic casein/CaCO3/Fe3O4 microspheres stimulate osteogenic differentiation

The quality of life is significantly impacted by bone defects, which calls for the creation of optimum restorative materials with particular qualities. Current repair materials, such as metal alloys, polymer scaffolds, and bone cement, have a number of drawbacks, such as poor fracture toughness, non-degradability, and insufficient osteogenic ability. To address these challenges, we designed a novel magnetic casein/CaCO3/Fe3O4 microspheres (CCFM), combining biodegradability, osteoinductivity, osteoconductivity, and osteogenesis properties together. In vitro studies confirmed the outstanding biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation effects on MC3T3-E1 cells of CCFM, highlighting their potential as a promising bone regeneration platform for clinical applications. As a novel bone repair material with superparamagnetic properties, CCFM not only possess good osteoinductivity, osteoconductivity, and osteogenesis properties but also can remain in the lesion location for a long time under an external magnetic field, representing a significant advancement in the field of bone tissue engineering and offering new possibilities for effective bone defect remediation and patient care.

Computer Augmented Reality Model-Based Interactive Teaching System for Chinese Line Drawing CAD

To achieve automatic target region detection, an interactive image segmentation technique has been always used as preferences. However, when it comes to the implementation of computer aided design, there is a problem with the structured method. The technique of stroke contour extraction based on boundary detection is used in this investigation. The high-frequency lifting filter improves the original image, and the grey scale and spatial distribution of the pixels are used to determine how the pixels are distributed on the pen track. The segmentation of mural lines and strokes is achieved well in a limited space. To ascertain each pixel's grey value distribution, a non-realistic rendering technique is suggested. Draw in accordance with the boundary tangential flow and each pixel's category. In conclusion, the two approaches can cover more application scenarios and yield good results in the extraction of creative materials from Chinese classical mural painting while maintaining the entire shape of the original strokes in the painting.