CPM Method Research Articles

PENERAPAN CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM) DALAM MENGANALISIS MANAJEMEN WAKTU PADA PERENCANAAN IKLAN GMS DIGITAL MARKETING

Planning helps monitor activities. to achieve the expected efficiency and effectiveness. In advertising planning at GMS Digital Marketing, there are often losses. The purpose of this study is to find out how to manage good time in advertising planning in GMS Digital Marketing and find out what efforts can be made so that advertising planning has efficient time. A mathematical approach called Critical Path Analysis (CPM) is used to organize the grouping of project operations. The project activities described using the CPM Method are a two-round procedure consisting of a forward and backward approach to setting a schedule when conducting a critical path analysis. ES and EF are set up during the forwarding process. During the transfer, LS and LF are determined. Early Start (ES) is the fastest way to start an activity. CPM is a cost-cutting approach for projects. We can know when costs and schedules need to be negotiated to meet project deadlines while keeping costs as low as possible. When a dimension is used, then CPM is used. (More accurate time estimates). Therefore, from the results of this study, a critical path is obtained that requires additional labor and time in completing the work

Comparison Of The S Curve With The CPM Method In Analyzing Project Scheduling

Comparison Of The S Curve With The CPM Method In Analyzing Project Scheduling

ANALISIS MANAJEMEN WAKTU KONSTRUKSI PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG KLINIK UNIBA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE CPM DAN APLIKASI QM FOR WINDOWS V5

Factors that influence the delay in the construction of the UNIBA clinic building is a lack of communication between labor and supervisor, delay shiping material, quality of job control, the intensity of rainfall. This research is to determine the analysis of the management planning of the construction. To find out the urgency of the use of barchart in the process of managing the construction of the UNIBA clinic building. Conclution in this problem the author uses the CPM method, barchart. In this CPM analysis there are several jobs that belong to the criticalpath, namely the critical path of the work of the UNIBA clinic building structure there are 10 jobs, namely preparatory work (A-7 days). Bored pilee (B-21 days) work. Pile cap (C-21 days). Floor plate work (H-14 days). Ladderwork (-3 days). Beam wor (N-21 days). Floor plate work (S-0-14 daays). Sanitair work (W-35). Ceiling work (S-42). Paint work (X-42). Conclution of the use of barchart in the process of managing the construction of th UNIBA clinic building timeliness, data objectivity, submitting information on time, to provide standards that can be used to measure or compare progress with status, to identify and isolate the most important information

Pengendalian Durasi Optimal pada Pembangunan Myze Hotel Sumenep Menggunakan CPM dan Metode PERT

The project owner expressed a desire to accelerate the project to avoid delays. According to observations and progress reports, the week 45 progress was 76.071% with a deviation of -7.894%. The delay was caused by the contractor's poor time and cost management which affected the project implementation. Warning letter 1 is given by the owner so that the contractor evaluates and accelerates implementation. Time control is required, as well as time optimization analysis using the PERT method for a more efficient and faster duration. PERT focuses on scheduling with synchronization of project elements, taking into account the uncertainty of the duration of tasks and the overall project. This research aims to identify project duration control by applying PERT and CPM methods, as well as exploring the cost of potential project acceleration through subcontractor integration. Data collection techniques are through project observation and documents such as cost budget plans, S-curves, progress reports, and reference drawings. This data is used to analyze the optimal time through identifying critical activities with CPM and determining the optimal duration using PERT. Alternative project acceleration with the addition of subcontractors. In the research results, the CPM method identifies critical activities such as procurement, piling, connection, and cutting pile heads, from the PERT method the optimal duration is 45 days, with a probability of 59.18%. Alternative acceleration by applying subcontractors occurred cost savings of Rp. 84,855,111.02 or 1.11% of the total normal cost so that the cost of acceleration with subcontractors amounted to Rp. 7,547,781,459.38.

Optimizing Project Scheduling Using Linear Programming Approach: A Case Study of Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning Mechanical Installation

In a construction environment, project scheduling is an essential tool to measure the success of all projects. This research paper will use project crashing of Activity to decrease the project completion schedule through the CPM method of time-cost trade-off and to minimize project cost. It includes linear programming with the aid of Microsoft Excel Solver to determine the result. And at the end of the research paper, it will show the impact of crashing the activities for the HVAC mechanical installation in a project for both normal and crash time, which displays that the selected Activity that had been crashed generated an increase of 9.8 % total cost from the total project cost.

Evaluasi Perencanaan Proyek Pembangunan SDS X Menggunakan Network Diagram dan Crashing Project Guna Mengoptimalkan Waktu Dan Biaya Proyek

The research focuses on evaluating the project time planning to know exactly when the project will be completed, the estimated budget to be spent, using the CPM and PERT methods to carry out an analysis of the SDS X Development Project Planning Evaluation. The results are with the CPM and PERT methods, the project's critical path is found in activities A – D – E – F – G – H – I – L – M – N with a project completion time using the CPM method is 52 days, while for the PERT method the project completion time is 54 days with a great chance of completing project work of 99, 94%. As for the results of the evaluation of cost planning using the crashing project method, it was found that there was an increase in costs of Rp. 6,902,000. So that the normal cost of a development project which is IDR 372,126.00 becomes IDR 379,028,000

Analisis Penjadwalan Proyek Dengan Program Microsoft Project 2019 (Studi Kasus Proyek Pembangunan Ruang Pelayanan dan Business Centre di SMK Muhammadiyah Kawali)

In the construction of a construction project, of course, there is a scheduling of a project. In practice, sometimes these two things deviate from what has been planned, so it is necessary to control and manage a project. In addition to being seen from the quality, the success of a project can also be seen in terms of time control. The CPM method can be used to manage project completion times more efficiently and effectively. The tools for operating this method are with the Microsoft Project program. Data analysis for the CPM method is to analyze which activities are included in the critical path in order to obtain the optimal duration. In this study, the duration of the project was 182 days. After analyzing the calculations, the duration of the project activities using the CPM method and the Microsoft Project program was found for 181 days.

Analisis Penjadwalan Proyek Gedung Bertingkat Menggunakan Metode CPM (Critical Path Method) dan PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) (Studi Kasus: Proyek Pembangunan Tahap 1 Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Gresik)

Time and cost are important and interrelated in the implementation of construction project activities. In the world of construction project that can be used as a measure of a project’s success is if the projet=ct can run according to the planned schedule with allocated costs in accordance with the quality of the materials used. The result of the analysis show that the CPM method is more efficient in terms of time and coast. The result of calculating the duration and cost of the CPM method produce a duration of 117 days with an allocated cost pf IDR 5.951.026.616, which is 19 days faster with a cost difference of IDR 307.764.792 compared to the PERT method. This research was conducted according to the calculation of the initial smart time of the project, namely on May 16, 2022 according to real sata. In the analysis in this study, scheduling planning using the CPM and PERT method was applied with the aim of knowing which method is more efficient in terms of time and cost.

ANALYSIS OF PROJECT TIME AND COST CONTROL WITH CPM, PERT AND CRASHING PROJECT METHODS IN SHOP BUILDING PROJECTS AT CV. MENTARI PERMAI

Delays in completing the Kelapa Dua shop-house construction project at CV. Mentari permai is a problem that often arises and affects the overall project work. The purpose of this research is to determine the critical path, calculate the costs incurred in the construction of the Kelapa Dua shop-house construction project with the duration of the initial and accelerated work and calculate the percentage of achievement of the shop construction project at CV. Mutia Enchantment of Nature. To overcome these delays, several control methods are used in project management. The methods used in this research are the Critical Path Method, PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) and the Crashing Project. The results of the CPM planning method analysis obtained the project completion time for 91 days from the initial duration of 154 days. Whereas in reality the CPM method, the project completion time is 101 days from the initial duration of 167 days. In the PERT method, the project completion time is 107 days from a duration of 181 days with a probability of completion of 0.62%. And in the crashing project there is an acceleration of the completion duration for 9 days with an increase in costs of Rp. 26,545,194 and a total cost of Rp. 506,613,766.

CHAP-child: an open source method for estimating sit-to-stand transitions and sedentary bout patterns from hip accelerometers among children

BackgroundHip-worn accelerometer cut-points have poor validity for assessing children’s sedentary time, which may partly explain the equivocal health associations shown in prior research. Improved processing/classification methods for these monitors would enrich the evidence base and inform the development of more effective public health guidelines. The present study aimed to develop and evaluate a novel computational method (CHAP-child) for classifying sedentary time from hip-worn accelerometer data.MethodsParticipants were 278, 8–11-year-olds recruited from nine primary schools in Melbourne, Australia with differing socioeconomic status. Participants concurrently wore a thigh-worn activPAL (ground truth) and hip-worn ActiGraph (test measure) during up to 4 seasonal assessment periods, each lasting up to 8 days. activPAL data were used to train and evaluate the CHAP-child deep learning model to classify each 10-s epoch of raw ActiGraph acceleration data as sitting or non-sitting, creating comparable information from the two monitors. CHAP-child was evaluated alongside the current practice 100 counts per minute (cpm) method for hip-worn ActiGraph monitors. Performance was tested for each 10-s epoch and for participant-season level sedentary time and bout variables (e.g., mean bout duration).ResultsAcross participant-seasons, CHAP-child correctly classified each epoch as sitting or non-sitting relative to activPAL, with mean balanced accuracy of 87.6% (SD = 5.3%). Sit-to-stand transitions were correctly classified with mean sensitivity of 76.3% (SD = 8.3). For most participant-season level variables, CHAP-child estimates were within ± 11% (mean absolute percent error [MAPE]) of activPAL, and correlations between CHAP-child and activPAL were generally very large (> 0.80). For the current practice 100 cpm method, most MAPEs were greater than ± 30% and most correlations were small or moderate (≤ 0.60) relative to activPAL.ConclusionsThere was strong support for the concurrent validity of the CHAP-child classification method, which allows researchers to derive activPAL-equivalent measures of sedentary time, sit-to-stand transitions, and sedentary bout patterns from hip-worn triaxial ActiGraph data. Applying CHAP-child to existing datasets may provide greater insights into the potential impacts and influences of sedentary time in children.

Effect of continuous passive motion on the early recovery outcomes after total knee arthroplasty

IntroductionContinuous passive motion (CPM) is a frequently used method in the early post-operative rehabilitation of patients after knee surgery. In this study, the effectiveness of the CPM method was evaluated after primary total knee arthroplasty during an early recovery period.MethodsEighty patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were assigned into two groups. The experimental group received CPM and active exercises, while the control group active exercises only. All subjects were evaluated once before the surgery and at a discharge, in terms of mean active range of motion (AROM), mean Knee Society Score (KSS), and Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC).ResultsThe mean AROM for the experimental group was 82.3° ± 14.3° and 76.1° ± 22.2° for the control. The mean KSS score was 136.4 ± 19.3 points for the experimental group, and 135.7 ± 15.1 for the control. There were no statistical differences between the two groups. The KSS functional score was 66.4 ± 8.1 points for the experimental group compared to 62.2 ± 7.3 points for the control, but there was a statistically significant difference between the groups at discharge from the hospital (p = 0.009). A subjective estimation of the pain level, joint stiffness and function also showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (38.6 ± 14.3 points for the CPM group and 21.2 ± 15.7 for the control).ConclusionThese findings show that there is no significant effect of CPM in terms of improving clinical measurements. However, there was a significant beneficial effect on the subjective assessment of pain level, joint stiffness, and functional ability.

Calculation of Potential Evapotranspiration and Calibration of the Hargreaves Equation Using Geostatistical Methods over the Last 10 Years in Central Italy

Potential evapotranspiration (ET0) is an indicator of great interest for water budget analysis and the agricultural sector. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to make the calculation reliable even if only the temperature data were present. In this research, the ET0 was initially calculated for a limited number of weather stations (12) using the Penman–Monteith method. In some cases, the simplified Penman–Monteith formula was adopted, while in others, as in the case of mountain weather stations, the complete formula was employed to consider the differences in vegetation, deduced from satellite surveys. Subsequently, the ET0 was calculated with the Hargreaves–Samani (HS) formula, calibrating the Hargreaves coefficient, through the spatialization of ET0, by the geostatistical method. The results showed a high reliability of the HS method in comparison with simplified PM (PM) method, and complete Penman–Monteith (cPM) method, with a minimum calibration of the empirical Hargreaves coefficient. In particular, a very good correlation between the results obtained in the mountain environment with the uncalibrated HS method and the cPM method was also observed in this area, while PM showed discordant and much higher results than ET0 compared with the other methods. It follows that this procedure allowed a more accurate estimate of potential evapotranspiration with a view to territory management, both in terms of water resources and the irrigation needs of the vegetation.

Domain-specific risk assessment using integrated simulation: a case study of an onshore wind project

Although many quantitative risk assessment models have been proposed in literature, their use in construction practice remain limited due to a lack of domain-specific models, tools, and application examples. This is especially true in wind farm construction, where the state-of-the-art integrated Monte Carlo simulation and critical path method (MCS–CPM) risk assessment approach has yet to be demonstrated. The present case study is the first reported application of the MCS–CPM method for risk assessment in wind farm construction and is the first case study to consider correlations between cost and schedule impacts of risk factors using copulas. MCS–CPM provided reasonable risk assessment results for a wind farm project, and its use in practice is recommended. To facilitate the practical application of quantitative risk assessment methods, this case study provides a much-needed analytical generalization of MCS–CPM, offering application examples, discussion of expected results, and recommendations to wind farm construction practitioners.

Penjadwalan Proyek Konstruksi Dengan Penerapan Simulasi Monte Carlo

The scheduling method that is often used in project planning in a deterministic way is the CPM method, the PERT method. However, in reality, uncertainty is often found in project completion, in accordance with the characteristics of a construction project that has a high level of risk. One of the methods used to determine the estimated project time is the monte carlo simulation method. The monte carlo simulation is a statistical sampling technique used to estimate solutions to quantitative problems. The research was conducted on the construction project of the Public Service Center (PSC) building in Krueng Sabee District, Aceh Jaya Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine the probabilistic method of scheduling and to explain the application of the monte carlo method for scheduling. The data used in this study are secondary data in the form of interviews and project implementation time schedule (curve S). Based on the monte carlo simulation that has carried out the distribution of completion on a public service center building construction project, the minimum value of the total project duration is 86.40 days, the maximum value of the total project duration is 105 days, and the mean value is 96 days. So the project can be completed within 96 days of the 100 plan days. So it can be concluded that the project is completed 4 days faster than the 100 day plan. Based on the above explanation, the Monte Carlo simulation is not significant enough to reduce the project duration, so that more significant work can be added or overtime. Keywords — Scheduling, Probabilistic, Simulation, Monte Carlo

Accelerate the Implementation Time of Kadiri University Clinic Constructions Projects Using Critical Path Method (CPM)

The efficiency of project implementation time becomes one of the efforts in optimizing the use of implementation time. CPM is one of the network methods used to determine the critical path of each implementation. This research aims to optimize Time by applying CPM methods in the Kadiri University Clinic construction project in Kediri. The project consists of 2 floors with 12 essential items of work. The implementation time of the project is planned to be complete for 134 days. The data used in this study form a project schedule (Gantt chart). From the data, analysis of the sequence of implementation using the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) method and carried out the calculation of earliest start (ES), latest start (LS), earliest finish (EF), and latest finish (LF). Critical paths are known from slack/float calculations and are depicted in the form of network diagrams. From the analyses, it is known that the project can be complete within 71 days. The results were 63 days earlier than planned. With the use of the CPM method in project scheduling, optimal timing and critical implementation are found. So that it can be used as a reference in the performance of the project implementation.

OPTIMALISASI WAKTU PROYEK DENGANMENGGUNAKAN METODE CPM DAN PROBABILITAS WAKTU 3 DURASI (Studi Kasus Proyek Pembangunan Mall Laves Grand Sungkono Lagoon Surabaya)

There is many aspects of uncertainty on the project has led to accuracy in the preparation of the project schedule, Leading to the need scheduling analysis with probability 3 duration so that the different as a supporter who affect in duration total settlement in a project can be controlled and are not too late .An arrangement of scheduling existing on the project mall laves proven cause place aside of uncertainties aspects, so with using cpm method and probability of 3 duration to find the end of the project total duration of the most effective and efficient, the existing of project duration is 500 days the project start on 7 july 2018 and end on 1 december 2019 change into 694 days total duration and project start on the same existing duration project is on 6 july 2018 and end on 26 september 2020 with the deviation time of the day or about 194 days or around 6,5 month. The activities thats on the critical line is structure installment activities (like concrete foundation, concrete beam, concrete column, slab and concrete emergency ladder), ground activities (like cutting of the head of pile),elevator installment activities.

Analisa Jaringan Kerja dengan Metode CPM pada Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Balai Diklat BPK RI Perwakilan Provinsi Sumatera Utara di Medan

<p><em>Research was conducted at the training center bulding projec RI BPK Representative in Medan, North Sumatera, where the purpose of this research is to create a complex framework of activities based on project completion time and human resources available for job creation building structures manager. The framewwork presented in the form of work flow diagram (Network Diagram). From the data obtainned by the completion of the project structure has been estimated tim required to finish the job thus structure with the critical path method (Critical Path Method – CPM). After the calculation of forward and backward calculation is obtained : fastest tim starting and completion activities, no later than beginning and completion of, the lenght of the interval delay /postponement of activities. With the CPM method, completion building structure mnagement training center of RI BPK representative of North Sumatera Province is known than the sum of time critical activities. These critical activities each time interval did not have to delay the implementation of activities. The activities that are on the critical path is the activity with the notation : A-C-E-F-I-L-MQ-U-V-W-X-Y-Z-AA-AC-AD gained 4+9+6+6+1+3+6+1+1+6+1+6+6+1+6+1 = 64 days.</em></p>

OPTIMALISASI WAKTU DAN BIAYA PROYEK DENGAN METODE CPM DAN PERT DI PROYEK ABC CONDOTEL

Abstract Planning until controlling process during construction work are important activity of a project. Success or failing of the project caused by not maximal planning and insufficiently effective controlling, so that the project activity is inefficient. As the consequences of these impacts suffered project delay, decreasing of quality, and increasing performing cost. Project management working time drew the line by given schedule, so the manager of project shall get to anticipate condition changing. CPM and PERT methods can be used to manage the time of project completion more efficiently and effectively. To be able to reduce the impact of delays and swelling of project costs, a crashing process can be proposed with additional working hours. Duration acceleration is carried out on the work that is on the critical path because the work on the critical path does not have a delay time. With the addition of working hours besides being able to shorten the completion time, it also results in additional operational costs. Keywords : Project management, CPM and PERT method.

CYCLE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS IMPROVEMENT IN EXTRACTION LEVEL ON PRODUCTION PLAN UNDERGROUND GRASBERG BLOCK CAVE (GBC) AT PT.FREEPORT INDONESIA

Abstract:. Development is a process of making aperture (tunnel) is done by dismantling (excavation) both manually and mechanically. The results to be obtained that is in the form of opening holes according to Grasberg Block Cave (GBC Mine) production plan based on the purpose of the open pit function. Propose is done to support other fix facility in order to support the Production Plan in 2018. Completion of a hole openings (Tunnel) with the rule that is a continuous stage (cycle development) that there must be a good control system of development process. Control that is done design engineering and its application in the field. The fact is that in 2015 - 2016, the target gain is not in line with expectations and causes the meter (d Equivalent meter) of operational development at the extraction level in the GBC Underground mine to decrease by 50 - 55% or about 641 meter up to 1000 meter difference of the second plan of the year.Identification of the current problem is the process of progress of opening aperture that has not reached the target because one of the process in the cycle development of Mucking and Hauling not achieved the target because of some basic things. The minimal information and low support of the reporting system caused some strategic decisions to be delayed and caused simultaneous cycles to experience significant constraints. A centralized and fast-accessible Information System from either input or share data by all stakeholders responsible for operational project development tunnel is very supportive. Good motivation greatly affects the performance of each stakeholder working on the project, so that the appropriate approach according to Human needs can be done in order to increase productivity.Project Management with CPM method as well as Human Resource Management (Motivation application of Abraham Maslow) becomes an option in humanizing according to the Root problem obtained by the Current Reality Tree method. The hope is that the development process runs quickly, safely and safely and operational with little operational expense and minimal repetitiveKeywords: cycle development, production plan, underground mine

Risk Analysis of Project Scheduling Using Microsoft Excel

Scheduling plays a very important role for the successful implementation of construction projects. One of the biggest risks in scheduling is in terms of project costs and duration uncertainty. To anticipate these uncertainties, scheduling methods have been developed using probabilistic duration, including PERT and Monte Carlo Simulation methods. In this research the simulation process was carried out using Microsoft Excel which was integrated with @Risk's add-ins. From the results of the analysis, the project duration obtained from the scheduling model with the CPM method, conventional PERT and Monte Carlo simulation produces an average value that is close to the same. The difference occurs in the standard deviation value, the conventional PERT method produces the smallest standard deviation, followed by a Monte Carlo simulation using the PERT distribution and the last is Monte Carlo simulation using the TRIANGULAR distribution. From the results of the sensitivity analysis, it was found that the dominant input variables that affect the duration of the project are the duration of activities that most often enter the critical path or those that have a great critical index. Meanwhile, project costs are influenced by a combination of the duration of activities on the critical path and activities that have a great direct cost.