Cover Photo Research Articles

The impact of Airbnb cover photo shot-scale presentation on consumer decisions

The growing competition for Airbnb properties is making their visual appeal increasingly important. Drawing from the elaboration likelihood model theory, this study aims to investigate the impact of Airbnb cover photo shot-scale presentation on consumer decisions (i.e., click-through and booking intention). Four experiments were conducted focusing on consumers’ click-through and booking intentions with different experimental stimuli. In particular, the results of Study 1 ( N = 239) demonstrated the interaction effect of shot-scale presentation and regulatory focus, showing that consumers’ promotion focus (vs prevention focus) increases their click-through and booking intentions for panoramic (vs close-range) cover photo. Study 2 ( N = 176) replicated the findings of Study 1 by manipulating consumers’ regulatory focus as a state. Study 3 ( N = 201) revealed the mediation role of the depth of information processing between the interaction effect and consumers’ click-through and booking intentions. Study 4 ( N = 260) further conducted a robustness check to confirm the reliability of the findings. This research bridges photography and hospitality visual marketing literature, enriches theories on visual persuasion and marketing, and offers hosts and platform suggestions on how to use shot-scale to facilitate consumers’ decisions.

La labor editorial en marcos glocales: vicisitudes y logros

In this presentation of Volume 6 Number 2 of the journal, we include references to the most relevant glocal discourses that have framed the enunciation of this issue, from the global war threat, the results of UN’s COP29 Conference, and the participation in a congress of scientific journals to the proposal of three categories that could define the work of scientific journal publishing. We make a brief history of scientific journals and suggest that the impact of Artificial Intelligence will be one of the defining features of the current stage of scientific publishing. Next, the contents of the issue are described: eight articles, a note and a review. To finish, we acknowledge and thank the author of the cover photo and creator of the journal's logo.

Putting It Together

This article demonstrates how collaborative teaching in the field of musical theatre has served as a platform for uncovering the research methodology of artography. This methodology explores the intricate entanglement of the roles of artist, researcher, and teacher. The reorganization of a new curriculum and collaborative teaching among a group of teachers at the bachelor program in musical theatre at Kristiania University College forms the basis of our reflections. We, the two authors, were involved in this process. We connect these experiences to theories of artography and collaborative teaching. We argue that our multidisciplinary artographic awareness relied on certain conditions of growth within the teacher group. These growth conditions include: 1) a culture of sharing pedagogy among colleagues, 2) working beyond an individual’s level of comfort through co-teaching and 3) reevaluating teaching habits. Cover photo: Johanne Karen Hagen

Breaking Down Five Core Elements Of The Improvised Comping Of Philly Joe Jones

This article examines how jazz drummer Philly Joe Jones created and maintained musical energy from the perspective of groove and rhythmic horizontality by using an improvised rhythmic interactional comping texture.1 Through my research, I have found goosing, active accenting, riffing, form structuring, and intuitive call-and-response as core elements of Jones’s comping. My research methods include aural analysis of recordings, musical analysis of transcriptions, imitation by playing, and improvisation. All of these methods are inherent to the history of jazz and the core processes of practice-based artistic jazz research, guiding the researcher “in and through the art“ (Kahr 2022, 9). My research material consists of transcriptions of Philly Joe Jones’s melody and solo comping from recordings made between 1957–60, a three-year period, which I hold as a peak of Jones’s career. I will first focus on Jones’s sound and fundamental textural elements, showing how Jones interprets the melodies in the jazz standard Surrey With The Fringe On Top and Wayne Shorter's composition Mama G (Nellie Blye). I will continue analyzing Jones’s solo comping textures, adding transcriptions of Jones’s comping in Kenny Dorham’s composition Karioka. In all these recordings, Jones’s comping creates a multi-layered grooving texture, following the harmonic form of the composition while synchronizing rhythmically around the melody. 1 Comping, according to Garrett Michaelsen (2013: 117–120), is derived from accompanying and complementing. He also claims accompanying is the act of supporting the soloist. Kahr, Michael (toim.) (2022) Artistic research in jazz : Positions, Theories, Methods. Routledge, New York. Michaelsen, Garrett (2013) Analysing Musical Interaction in Jazz Improvisations of the 1960s. PhD diss., Jacobs School of Music, Indiana University. Article cover photo: Philly Joe Jones (left) and Jaakko Lukkarinen (right) seated behind their drum sets.

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COVER PHOTO: In The Scientific Naturalist section of this issue, Lai et al. (Article e4470; doi: 10.1002/ecy.4470) document the Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis) foraging for nectar from the Ethiopian red hot poker (Kniphofia foliosa) in the Bale Mountains of southern Ethiopia. Therophily—the pollination of plants by non‐flying mammals—plays an important role in pollination with up to 87% of flowering plants depending on a wide variety of animal species for their pollination. Examples of carnivore species foraging for nectar are continuing to be discovered and present future opportunities for research of lesser‐known pollen vectors. The cover image from Figure 1 in their paper depicts an Ethiopian wolf nectar foraging in a large Ethiopian red hot poker field of the Web Valley, Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia. Photo credit: Adrien Lesaffre. image

Constraints and creativity: Transforming a live artistic experience for children into Zoom

This article explores how the Portuguese ensemble Companhia de Música Teatral (CMT) adapted their live performance PaPI – Opus 8 for Zoom in response to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, which severely limited in-person gatherings and artistic events. Originally planned for a nationwide tour, PaPI – Opus 8 faced major challenges due to pandemic restrictions, prompting CMT to rework the piece for an online audience. The result was a transformed version titled PaPI – Opus 8.z, crafted specifically for the Zoom video-conferencing platform. The article gives a detailed examination of this performance piece and its reception, providing a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and achievements associated with the adaptation of this live performance to the virtual realm. The article explores the transformation process into an online format, examining both the losses and gains incurred. To facilitate this exploration, an introduction to CMT and a contextualization of their work is given. Subsequently, PaPI – Opus 8 is situated within CMT's body of work, including its "sister" pieces, with a particular focus on evaluating the significance of interaction with the audience during the performance. This is followed by an overview of the pandemic-related constraints and the strategies employed by CMT to continue creating performances. To illustrate these strategies, two other CMT creations developed during quarantine are discussed as pivotal steps on the pathway from PaPI – Opus 8 to the transformed online performance PaPI – Opus 8.z. Cover photo by Companhia de Música Teatral

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COVER PHOTO: Tide pools at Corona del Mar State Beach, California, USA, are pictured on the cover. Declines in biodiversity in marine systems are occurring at unprecedented rates and it is essential to evaluate the complexities of the resulting transformations on ecosystems. Bracken et al. used tide pools on the southern California shoreline to experimentally manipulate grazer abundance and quantify mechanisms by which molluscan grazers promote algal abundance. Their results (Article e4439; doi: 10.1002/ecy.4439) suggest that mollusks in the pools enhance the abundance of the algae they consume by recycling nutrients and creating sticky slime trails that promote algal recruitment. Photo credit: Matthew E. S. Bracken. image

Morten Qvenild – The HyPer(sonal) Piano Project

Towards a (per)sonal topography of grand piano and electronics How can I develop a grand piano with live electronics through iterated development loops in the cognitive technological environment of instrument, music, performance and my poetics? The instrument I am developing, a grand piano with electronic augmentations, is adapted to cater my poetics. This adaptation of the instrument will change the way I compose. The change of composition will change the music. The change of music will change my performances. The change in performative needs will change the instrument, because it needs to do different things. This change in the instrument will show me other poetics and change my ideas. The change of ideas demands another music and another instrument, because the instrument should cater to my poetics. And so it goes… These are the development loops I am talking about. I have made an augmented grand piano using various music technologies. I call the instrument the HyPer(sonal) Piano, a name derived from the suspected interagency between the extended instrument (HyPer), the personal (my poetics) and the sonal result (music and sound). I use old analogue guitar pedals and my own computer programming side by side, processing the original piano sound. I also take out control signals from the piano keys to drive different sound processes. The sound output of the instrument is deciding colors, patterns and density on a 1x3 meter LED light carpet attached to the grand piano. I sing, yet the sound of my voice is heavily processed, a processing decided by what I am playing on the keys. All sound sources and control signal sources are interconnected, allowing for complex and sometimes incomprehensible situations in the instrument´s mechanisms. Credits: First supervisor: Henrik Hellstenius Second Supervisors: Øyvind Brandtsegg and Eivind Buene Cover photo by Jørn Stenersen, www.anamorphiclofi.com All other photo, audio and video recording/editing by Morten Qvenild, unless stated.

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COVER PHOTO: A mother toad‐headed agama (Phrynocephalus vlangalii) with her children. P. vlangalii is a species of viviparous agamid lizard endemic to the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau in China. This lizard lives in burrows at high elevations of 2,000 to 4,600 meters. They need to adapt to a series of harsh environments, including low oxygen levels, low temperatures, and strong ultraviolet radiation. Jiang et al. (this issue; Article: e4414; doi: 10.1002/ecy.4414) collected active and resting body temperatures of P. vlangalii and conducted physiological experiments and mechanistic modeling to assess how resting status determines physiological constraints within a species' distribution range and how climate change drives changes in these physiological constraints. Photo credit: Zhong‐Wen Jiang. image

Eurasian Goshawk nesting in relation to prey numbers in Telemark, southern Norway

Cover photo: Eurasian Goshawk Accipiter gentilis eating a Hooded Crow Corvus cornix. Photo: Kjetil Salomonsen. In southern Norway, the breeding density of Eurasian Goshawk Accipiter gentilis has typically ranged between 2–4 pairs per 100 km2. However, not all territorial pairs attempt to nest each year. In a ca. 2000 km2 forest-dominated study area in central parts of Telemark County, the highest number of nesting attempts recorded per year during 1991–2022 was 46, and the highest number of successful nesting attempts was 40. The nesting success of Goshawks increased with age and was 66.7% for juveniles (n = 12), 79.3% for subadults (n = 82) and 89.4% for adult females (n = 736). The annual proportion of young Goshawk females (juveniles and subadults) depended on the annual proportion of recorded replacements of old females and was positively related to mean temperatures in April. The annual proportion of recorded substitutions was positively correlated with population indices of several important prey species, particularly forest grouse, and without a time-lag. In a multiple regression model, the relative change in the recorded number of Goshawk nesting attempts, compared to the previous year, was positively correlated with a population index for thrush spp. and a combined index for Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus and Hooded Crow Corvus cornix, without a time-lag, and with a combined index for Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus and Black Grouse Lyrurus tetrix, with a one-year time-lag. The one-year time-lag with grouse was most evident when only successful nesting attempts were considered. We conclude that the breeding densities of Goshawk in Telemark are rather stable, and we conclude that annual variation in the number of recorded nesting attempts to a large extent reflects the effects of variation in prey density on the body condition of female Goshawks.

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COVER PHOTO: Mulla et al. (this issue; Article e4368; doi:10.1002/ecy.4368) performed annual monitoring to assess the recovery of coral populations which led to the emergence of a Pocillopora‐dominated reef at Orchid Island (also called Lanyu), Taiwan, pictured on the cover. Their demographic data collection from 2012 to 2020 tracks individual corals after Typhoon Morakot severely impacted the region in 2009. Coral cover increased from 1.1% to 20.2% as Pocillopora juveniles quickly transitioned to sexually mature adults and dominated the reefs within six years of the disturbance. The increase of Pocillopora cover was accompanied with a decrease in the number of individuals. The authors used integral projection models (IPMs) to construct eight successive models examining annual changes to illustrate how the application of IPMs based on long‐term data can be useful for robust predictions and an improved comprehension of ecological dynamics. Photo credit: Aziz J. Mulla. image

About the Volume

Cover photo courtesy of National Photo Company Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA.

Combining biometrics and genetics to distinguish two subspecies of the Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo carbo and P. c. sinensis at an inland lake in southeast Norway

Cover photo: Adult Great Cormorant of the subspecies Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis in breeding plumage. Photo: Frode Falkenberg. Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo are now regularly seen in inland watercourses in southeast Norway, after the P. c. sinensis subspecies first established breeding colonies in coastal south Norway in 1996. Although both the sinensis and carbo subspecies occur, the ratio between them is unknown. We tested the accuracy of subspecific identification based on biometrics and genetic analyses in 75 Great Cormorants that drowned in fishing nets in a lake in southeast Norway during the period 2009-2020. Primarily based on the gular pouch angle (GPA), we classified 40 individuals to the carbo subspecies and 35 individuals to the sinensis subspecies. Eight of the carbo individuals and 14 of the sinensis individuals were within the overlapping range of GPA and were therefore classified to subspecies by supplementary measurements (bill depth minimum and bill length). Genetic analyses were based on seven polymorphic microsatellite markers. Assuming one panmictic population, we performed Structure analyses to separate the genotypes into two assumed genetic clusters. The two clusters, carbo and sinensis, could only be separated when adding information about morphological subspecies identities for the carbo, sinensis and carbo/sinensis groups. The sinensis and the carbo/sinensis groups belonged almost entirely to one genetic cluster, whereas the carbo group consisted of individuals with varying proportions of mixed ancestry. Furthermore, we found significant genetic differentiation between the carbo and sinensis groups, and between the carbo and the carbo/sinensis groups, but no significant differentiation between the sinensis and the carbo/sinensis groups. Our results suggest that gene flow is more common from sinensis into carbo than vice-versa, and that the use of GPA < 73° has limitations for the identification of Great Cormorant subspecies in areas where both forms occur. We conclude that the numbers of carbo vs. sinensis individuals in our sample were 32 and 43, respectively.

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COVER DESCRIPTION AND PHOTO: Kente weaving is mesmerising artistry with profound meanings hidden within its colors and intricate symbols. It is woven on a horizontal loom to yield narrow strips, each with their own pattern, repetition, and colors. Several of these are then carefully laid out and stitched together lengthwise to make a large piece. Evidence-based practice is akin to this process by delicately weaving intricate threads of knowledge, acquired over time from several hypotheses and observations, and eventually reveal a meaningful pattern, a fabric of understanding, as complex and finely textured as the most intricate of tapestries. Photo Credit: Alan Tobey/Canva

Negative population trend of the Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus in an important wetland in southeastern Norway

Cover photo: Singing Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus at Årnestangen, Nordre Øyeren nature reserve. Photo: Øyvind Hagen. The Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus is considered the most common of the five species of Emberiza buntings breeding in Norway and is currently listed as a species of Least Concern. However, a complete census of territorial male Reed Buntings conducted in the Nordre Øyeren nature reserve in 2019 showed a decline in the local breeding population of 67% compared to the last counts completed 40 years ago. Censuses were conducted in 1976 and 1981 in the same area and with the same methods. Analyses of citizen science data from the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre also show a similar decreasing trend (-66%) for the Reed Bunting breeding population in Nordre Øyeren from 1976 to 2019. Moreover, image analyses of the census maps show that that the number and density of Reed Bunting territories have decreased locally and probably has done so since early 1980s. Interestingly, a subset of localities within the survey area still have the same territory densities as the 1976 and 1981 censuses. We suggest that changes in habitat, vegetation and farming practice, especially grazing, could be the underlying cause of variation in bird numbers. Our results indicate a negative population trend for the Reed Bunting locally, a tendency that is also observed regionally in the Nordic countries. Taken together, local and regional declines raise concerns about the conservation status of the Reed Bunting in Norway.

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The arts of attention and Oslo Architecture Triennale

This paper starts from a two-fold observation: firstly, that attention rests at the core of our environmental challenges; and secondly, that by becoming (more) attentive to the modified, transformed, and controlled urban environments in which we dwell, we may be better equipped to attend to these challenges. The paper therefore develops and introduces “an urban attention ecology” that seeks to expand our ability to attend to urban form in ways that open possibilities to critically address and creatively negotiate the ways in which cities are built and inhabited. The potentials and challenges of the urban attention ecology are thought through in a practice-based account of a broad range of critical spatial practices centring around the theme of degrowth. These practices took the form of performances, installations, and other artistic projects that the author gathered, developed and presented as curator of the Oslo Architecture Triennale 2019. Cover photo: The Factory of the Future at the Norwegian Centre for Design and Architecture. OAT / Istvan Virag.

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HSFA1s regulate thermomorphogenesis: Lĕi (鸓) is a legendary bird described in “The Classic of Mountains and Rivers”. It resembles a magpie, but has red and black feathers, two heads, and four legs. Keeping this bird was believed to protect against fires. The cover photo that Tang et al. (pages 20‐35) provided is inspired by the bird's dual‐headed nature and its association with fire protection, as an analogy for the dual function of HSFA1 proteins when plants encounter high ambient temperatures: at 28°C, HSFA1 promotes thermomorphogenesis, but at 37°C, it assists plants in resisting high temperatures.

Plucking the forest sound

This article examines Japanese enthusiasm for the Finnish kantele from the perspective of Borealism (Schram 2011). The question it addresses concerns the Northern characteristics that spring to mind among enthusiasts who use the kantele for recreational purposes. It also examines how these qualities are further used and developed in Japan. This cross-cultural music phenomenon reflects homogenous Japanese notions of the kantele, which influenced how its sound is used in a new environment. Borealism is reflected in the enthusiasts’ narrative and adoption of the instrument, which is perceived as an excellent tool with which to approach nature, fulfilling the fantasy and inspiring the imagination. The primary data comprises interviews and participant observation conducted in Japan between 2016 and 2018. Other supplementary materials include Internet data, liner notes, CD covers, promotional materials (posters, leaflets) and decorated instruments discursively gathered in the community. Article cover photo: A five-string kantele painted green with Unikko as decoration, made in Sapporo, Hokkaido, 2009 (courtesy of Mitsuko Sato).

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AbstractThe Asian longhorn beetle (ALB), Anoplophora glabripennis, is considered one of the most successful and feared invasive insect species globally. In recent decades, extensive research on ALB has captured the attention of scientists worldwide, leading to investigations into various aspects of its biology and strategies for control and management. These comprehensive explorations have been widely reviewed in China (see pages 1534–1551). Specifically, the ecological control of ALB involves planting mixtures of preferred and resistant tree species, which has proven effective in preventing outbreaks. The cover photo depicts an ALB adult feeding on Elaeagnus angustifolia, a type of dead‐end trap tree for ALB. Photo provided by Lixiang Wang.