Foreigners In Countries Research Articles

Analysis of The Influence of Import Volumes, Dynamics of Import Varieties, and Pricing Policies on Country's Foreign Exchange Growth

Analysis of The Influence of Import Volumes, Dynamics of Import Varieties, and Pricing Policies on Country's Foreign Exchange Growth

The Influence of The Value of Oil and Gas Exports and Imports on The Country's Foreign Exchange from 2010-2017

International trade requires a very important source of financing, namely foreign exchange reserves. Foreign exchange reserves are the net position of foreign assets of the government and foreign exchange banks, which must be maintained for international transaction purposes. This research aims to determine the effect of oil and gas exports, namely crude oil, oil and gas products on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. The type of data used in this research is secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency website, data taken from BPS is the value of oil and gas exports and imports for 1996-2017 and the position of foreign exchange reserves for 2005-2018. The method used in this research is the Simple Linear Regression Method which is used to see the form of relationship between variables through an equation. From the research results above, it can be concluded that oil and gas exports and imports in 2010-2017 did not have a significant effect on the country's foreign exchange reserves. This shows the lack of contribution of exports and imports of crude oil, oil and gas products in influencing the country's foreign exchange reserves.

Kontribusi Subsektor Perkebunan Dalam Mendukung Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Masyarakat di Sumatera Utara

Economic Growth Is The Thing That Gets The Most Attention, Because One Of The People's Welfare Is Achieved If The Economic Growth Is Good. One Of The Economic Growth Comes From The Plantation Subsector. The Plantation Sub-Sector Is Of Concern To The Government Because Its Production Can Increase The Country's Foreign Exchange, And Also Has A Great Opportunity To Increase Exports. This Study Used Qualitative Research Methods. This Study Aims To Review How The Plantation Subsector Contributes To Supporting Economic Growth, Especially In The North Sumatra Region. The Results Of This Study Indicate That The Plantation Subsector Has A Large Contribution To Economic Growth In The North Sumatra Region, It Can Be Seen That The Area Of ​​Land Is Getting Wider And The Plantation Yields Are Increasing From Year To Year, Both From Oil Palm Plantations Which Are The Most Superior Commodities, Rubber, Coffee And Tobacco . Rubber, Coffee, Cocoa And Tobacco Are Very Important Commodities From The Plantations Of North Sumatra At This Time. Apart From That, Germany Is Also Very Well Known For Its Deli Tobacco Plantations, Which Originate From North Sumatra.
 Keywords: Contribution, Plantation, Growth, Economy

The Impact of The Economic Factor on The Country's Foreign Policy

The foreign policy of any country expresses its status, its economic and military policies, and the real state of the country itself. There are also several factors that have their implications on the foreign policies of international units, and this research highlights the economic factor as the most important factor for the foreign policies of countries, and that the role of the economy is shown in terms of positive and negative aspects in the foreign policies of countries, and shows the importance of this research that the foreign policies for any country, it expresses the status and prestige of the country itself.

The Image of Russia and Its Evolution in the Country's Foreign Policy Strategy

The Image of Russia and Its Evolution in the Country's Foreign Policy Strategy

Kuwaiti Judiciary Harms Country's Foreign Investment Climate

Kuwaiti Judiciary Harms Country's Foreign Investment Climate

The Foreign Affairs of a State is Based on Its Strength in the International System

Neorealists say that a country's Foreign Affairs is based on its power or position as the power that has a state in the international system. Field of International Relations based on international legal policies and norms; It can be defined by different political perspectives and phenomena, depending on certain theories. Theories are the best determinant of defining policies in the International System. For a long time, in the international system have dominated realistic, liberal and radical theories; After the Second World War for the purposes of explaining or defining international policies, other theories, including neo-realism, were listed. As a structured theory versus reality that defined the theory of alignment for defining political theories in the international system. In International Relations there is no central authority or world government, the state and the international environment is in a state of anarchy, which pushes the states to create the conditions to create an environment where they can survive. Special studies of International Relations theory were spurred especially after World War I and World War II. The neorealistic theory itself contains some elements that differ from other theories and that as its base takes the strength or position of power of states in the international system. Responses to the framework of action, the theories are directed as perimeters to solve the problems of the international system. The international relations system may be positioned in other circumstances when a power is not balanced, depending on the different circumstances of politics and politicians

Correlation between Airlines' Use of Foreign Languages and Their Country of Origin's Acceptance of Foreigners

The Airline sector is probably one of the most international industries nowadays. Thus, one should expect that airline companies are also international orientated and show their open-mindedness through all the services they offer. Using the renowned cross-cultural Bennett scale to rate the degree of ethnorelativity, this empirical study aims at analysing the link between the use of foreign language in inflight magazines and the attitude towards foreigners in countries the airlines originates from. The authors discovered that there exists a strong correlation between the use of foreign language in inflight magazines offered to the passengers and the degree welcoming foreigners in the country of origine of the airline.

An Examination Of The Country Liquidity Index To Predict A Country's Foreign Direct Investment

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is critical to the economic development of any nation regardless of its level of growth. There is a plethora of research on the determining factors of FDI, both economic and non-economic, but very little on the weighted influence of these factors. This research is an attempt to categorize and rank the major determinates of FDI. The conclusion reached by this research is that economic condition of a country is a major determining factor for FDI, but there are other competing factors, as well, that have major impact on FDI. Using the Country Liquidity Index (CLI) as a barometer, the FDI is regressed to develop a model to predict the potential FDI of a country. Results conclude that only 22.46% of a country's FDI is explained by economic factors leaving the remaining 77.54% unexplained. This research attempts to explain the unexplained factors and rank the countries as overinvested and underinvested. A review of the data for the over and underinvested countries indicates that political factors and third country influences may outweigh economic factors when it comes to FDI. The paper concludes with a ranking of 62 countries and their foreign direct investment potential along with their current over/under foreign direct investments.

MBRAS Visit to Bandar Seri Begawan

MBRAS Visit to Bandar Seri Begawan Neil Khor Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of the Sultanate of Brunei, is located on Borneo Island. The Society last organized a visit to Brunei in 1981; the late Tun Mohammad Suffian led that delegation. Brunei, independent since 1983, is an integral member of the MBRAS. HH Pengiran Muda Mohamed Bolkiah, the country's Foreign Minister, is a patron of the Society. Brunei is represented on the Council by PM Dato' Shariffudin, a Vice President of the Society. This time, the 11-member delegation was led by our President Tun Hanif Omar and organized by PM Dato' Shariffuddin. The delegation was met at the Brunei International Airport and very generously accommodated at the Radisson Hotel by our Brunei hosts. On the first night, a welcome dinner was held in the home of Dato' Shariffuddin, in a leafy suburb some 15 minutes from the centre of town. It was a great opportunity for the Council to meet the Society's Brunei members, including Cabinet ministers, senior civil servants, academics and business leaders. The highlight of the dinner, which was a lavish affair, included tropical fruits of a very high quality. This writer, for example, has never tasted better rambutans and pulasan anywhere in the Malaysian region. The following day started with a tour of the country's important institutions and historical sites. These included the Islamic Museum, which is also the Kathi's office. The museum's collection of the Holy Qur'an is both fascinating and wide-ranging—not only in the physical size but also in its historical production, script, illumination and styles. The exhibition highlights the range and breath of Islamic traditions with a special focus on Southeast Asian Muslim communities. The visit to the museum was followed by a visit to the Royal Gallery dedicated to HRH the Sultan of Brunei, his coronation and the royal traditions associated with the Brunei court. The exhibits are well maintained with careful descriptions about the history of the Brunei Royal lineage, one of the oldest in the region. Interestingly, gifts from all over the world are elegantly displayed in an extensive gallery on the first floor. Finally, the tour ended with a visit to the floating village, the proto-typical dwelling of old Brunei. Here, well-maintained houses linked by a series of jetties and a modern sewerage system are another symbol of the peoples' seafaring roots. Bandar Seri Begawan, it must be recalled, began in these humble dwellings before modern town planning arrived in the late nineteenth century. These visits gave us an interesting insight into the three key aspects of the country's national philosophy, which is predicated upon Malay heritage, Islam and the monarchy. Lunch was followed by a public talk organized by the Society given by HE Pehin Dato Dr Haji Abdul Aziz Umar, Brunei's last colonial Chief Minister and its first Education Minister. He was among the country's 'founding leaders', Western-educated Bruneians who had the opportunity to contribute to their country after independence. [End Page 89] Click for larger view View full resolution Fig. 1. MBRAS Council members 2012 (From left, back-row: Dr Joseph Fernando, Dr Cheah Boon Kheng, Dato' H.S. Barlow, Tun Mohammad Hanif Omar, Dr. Paul Kratoska, Dr Loh Wei Leng, Dr Neil Khor, Dato' R. Sethu; (front row, from left): Dr Badriyah Haji Salleh, Mr Woo Kum Wah, Ms Patricia Regis, Datin Kobkua S. Pian, Datin Sethu and PM Dato' Shariffudin). Click for larger view View full resolution Fig. 2. Tun Hanif Omar, MBRAS President, being briefed about the Brunei Royal family by PM Dato' Shariffudin (back to the camera). [End Page 90] Click for larger view View full resolution Fig. 3. A replica of HRH Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah's coronation carriage in the Royal Regalia Museum, which was built to commemorate the Sultan's Silver Jubilee. Click for larger view View full resolution Fig 4. A view of the Kampung Ayer that the council visited. This traditional water village is fitted out with modern waste-management systems and features schools as well as other public amenities. Dr Abdul Aziz's public lecture on the MIB policy is published in this...

Haja Zainab Bangura: Sierra Leone's tireless Minister of Health

Haja Zainab Bangura: Sierra Leone's tireless Minister of Health

Immigrant Cohesion and Political Access in Influencing Host Country Foreign Policy

Abstract: Two factors limit the political power of immigrant groups in the national policymaking of their host country. The first is the immigrant group's cohesion, based on organizational and material capabilities. The second is the group's access to political power, determined largely by the political institutions of each host society. Thus, in countries that facilitate the acquisition of citizenship and grant other participatory rights, immigrant groups that are large, homogeneous, and well organized will have greater influence over their host country's foreign policy. Conversely, in countries where immigrants are less organized and less able to participate in the political process, they will have less influence. Ultimately though, immigrant influence matters only if immigrant preferences are distinctive from those of the host society. This can be illustrated by examining Turkish immigrants in the Federal Republic of Germany and German foreign policy toward Turkey, and comparing this case with that of Cuban immigrants in the United States.

Russian policy towards central Asia‐I

Moscow's diplomacy is currently faced with challenge of adjusting to post-Soviet reality all along its borders in conditions of grave economic crisis, general military decline, and political uncertainty arising from systemic transition and change. The formula prescribed by country's Foreign Minister—and now Prime Minister—Yevgeny Primakov, for country's foreign policy establishment stresses oven greater activity and vigilance on its part in order to protect country's interests in present conditions of relative weakness and vulnerability. The emphasis is on stoutly defending country'^ interests while avoiding a slide back to past policy of global confrontation with West. It seems that general pattern is aimed at evolving a mechanism of constructively engaging Russia's major interlocutors all along its borders and beyond within a mutually-agreed formal framework of talks and agreements. The country's foreign policy establishment appears to be practising what Henry Kissinger said about diplomacy, that it is the art of possible. Thus, despite its strong opposition to North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), Russia has signed RussiaNATO Founding Act. Moscow is willing—and working—for a layered relationship within Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) framework; closer integration is sought with those CIS countries that are more willing for it. Russia fears a geo-political threat to its historical influence in Central Asia from USA, China and Islamic militancy and fundamentalism from south. With China, Russia and three Central Asian Republics (CARs) bordering on China have succeeded in evolving a mechanism of cooperative geo-politics among border five. Despite strong concern over ,US-led multinational military exercises in Central Asia under NATO's Partnership for Peace (PfP) programme, Russia has opted to participate in them. As a last resort, some virtue is'seen in keeping CARs within European

Nicolae Bratu v. Upper Silesian Steel Works Company and German State.

Prescription — Extinctive — Mixed Arbitral Tribunals — Belated Applications — The Power of Tribunals to Admit Claims after Lapse of Prescribed Period — Tribunal Sitting in a Country Foreign to Both Parties — Possible Ignorance of Applicants as to the Constitution of the Tribunal — Presumption of Ignorance to be Established in Each Case.