Press releases and the publication of a map by the U. S. Department of Agriculture showing the presence of the Wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort., in all counties in Nebraska suggested the necessity of looking for its presence in Kansas. The species was described4 in 1891 from specimens reared from native grass in California and collected in Nevada and Montana. It was first reported attacking wheat in 1896 in Manitoba, Canada, and first reported doing severe damage to wheat in Manitoba and in North Dakota in 1908 and 1909. In 1929 it was known to attack wheat only in Canada, North Dakota and Montana. Since that time it has been found to attack wheat also in South Dakota, Wyoming and western Nebraska. Throughout most of Nebraska it has been reported only from other hosts. In mid-June, 1953, about a dozen adults of this sawfly were collected while sweeping western wheat grass, Agropyron smithii Rybd, in six localities in Rawlins, Thomas, Norton and Trego Counties in northwest Kansas. On one occasion an adult was seen ovipositing on a fruiting stem of this grass. None was collected by sweeping nearby wheat fields and in no place were they abundant. Toward the end of July, 1953, on a trip to some of these localities, the characteristically cut stems of Agropyron (Fig. 1) were easily located in the areas of the grass from which the adults had been collected. Additional areas of Agropyron were found to be infested in Decatur, Sheridan, Graham, Rooks, Osborne, Russell, Lincoln and Riley Counties. In late July, the infested fruiting stems of Agropyron may be readily located because the yellow, dead stems contrast sharply with the green, live ones. These dead stems are usually found to be loose in the leaf sheath and the larva present in the stub below (Fig. 2). Although these infested stems were easily located in all areas of Agropyron visited, they were nowhere common; the heaviest infestations were well under