Area Council Research Articles

Influence of Audiovisual Materials on the Academic Performance of Senior Secondary Schools Student’s in English Studies in Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria.

This research study empirically examines the effect of Audiovisual Materials on the Performance of Senior Secondary Schools Student in English studies in Gwagwalada Area Council. A survey research design was employed and the study population consists of 3,999 teachers and a research sample 120 teachers were used. As a data collection instrument, a four-point Likert scale questionnaire was used. the data was evaluated using mean and multiple regression, An empirical hypothetical value of 0.05, multiple regression was used with the aid of version SPSS 20, The study discovered that the types of Audiovisual material used have influence on the performance of Students in English studies in Senior secondary schools and the available Audiovisual materials used enhances students’ performance in English studies in Senior secondary schools, there, based on these findings it was concluded that Audiovisual Aids play a vital role on student’s academic performance in English studies in senior secondary school, the study recommended that he government should organize workshops, seminars and conferences for teachers to enable them up-date their knowledge on new developments on the use of Audiovisual Aids and that funding could be made on the variable that enhances students’ academic performance in English studies such as environment, age, textbook, psychological needs, teacher’s related factors and counseling services in schools.

Effectiveness of Guidance Services on Students’ Academic Performance: a Case Study of Junior Secondary School Students in Abuja Municipality Area Council, Fgt Abuja, Nigeria.

Effectiveness of Guidance Services on Students’ Academic Performance: a Case Study of Junior Secondary School Students in Abuja Municipality Area Council, Fgt Abuja, Nigeria.

Quality Performance Leadership for Political Leadership at the Local Government Level in Nigeria: A Case Study of AMAC Abuja FCT

This study is of significant importance to academic researchers, policymakers, and practitioners, and delves into the impact of quality performance leadership on political leadership at the local government level in Nigeria. The focus is on the case of the Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC) in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). Using the conceptual frameworks of transformational leadership, servant leadership, and performance management frameworks to inspire and motivate their followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes, serve their constituents and set goals, monitor progress, and evaluate outcomes to enhance local government accountability, transparency, and service delivery. Through a qualitative methodology, data was collected via interviews, observations, document analysis, and review of case studies to analyze information provided by participants. The findings revealed that effective leadership in the LGAs could lead to better policy formulation processes because the Chairpersons and their team understand the needs and dynamics of their communities. Such understanding leads to better service delivery, robust community engagement, diligent resource management, and proactive development initiatives tostimulate economic growth and improve the quality of life for citizens living in the LGA. The study recommends implementing a comprehensive training and development program for leaders focusing on leadership skills, communication, and accountability. It also recommends leveraging and adopting emerging technologies to improve service delivery, and efficiency, and improve stakeholder engagement.

Assessment of the Physicochemical Properties of Drinking Water in Gwagwalada Area Council, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria.

Background of the study: Good quality drinking water is essential for human physiology, but its availability remains a challenge especially Nigeria. The need to ascertain physicochemical quality of water to determine safety becomes paramount. The qualities of selected sachet, tap and bottled water produced and most consumed within Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja were analyzed to determine their physicochemical properties. Methods: Six different brands of most consumed drinking water samples were collected within Gwagwalada metropolis. Twenty (20) physicochemical parameters in six (6) brands of drinking water samples which include, temperature, alkalinity, Total hardness, acidity, dissolved oxygen, color, taste, total dissolved solid were analyzed using standard procedure. Results: The Temperature (28.3-28.7◦C), Hardness (1000-2000 mg/L), Alkalinity (12-18.1 mg/L), Acidity (8-28 mg/L), Magnesium (0.1421-0.2085 mg/L), Sulphate (2.71-15.99 mg/L), Calcium (2.1165-2.6805 mg/L) and COD (18.23-30.21 mg/L) were not within the permissible limits stipulated by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ), while twelve (12) parameters analyzed (colour (<15), PH (6.64-7.85), Taste, Odour, Total dissolved solid (37.35-40.43 mg/L), Biological oxygen demand (3.21-4.03 mg/L), Nitrate (nil), Phosphate (0.85-1.43 mg/L), Electrical conductivity (72.33-82.53 us/cm), Iron (0.0231-0.1712 mg/L), Nickle (0.0412-0.1506 mg/L), Potassium (0.4120-2.9092 mg/L) and Phosphate(0.85-1.43 mg/L) were all within the permissible limits stipulated by WHO and NSDWQ for drinking water standard. This indicated a moderate level of conformity to specified standard procedures. Conclusion: It is highly recommended that the manufacturers of sachet, bottle and tap water should keep to WHO and NSDWQ standards to safeguard public health.

Household Solid Wastes: Collection and Disposal Methods in Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC), Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

Objectives: This study was to assess the composition and quantity of solid wastes and their collection and disposal methods in Abuja Municipal Area Council, Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria. Method: A total of 420 well-structured questionnaires (in English language) were administered to consenting participants to obtain information on methods of waste collection and disposal. Secondary data such as waste characteristics and types generated were collected from the Abuja Environmental Protection Board (AEPB) records from January to December 2020. Results: Proportion of solid wastes generated in AMAC were in the order Food and other organic wastes, Papers, water sachets, plastics, metals, glass and textiles, 46.23%, 20.27%, 13.23%, 8.53%, 4.88%, 4.37% and 2.45% respectively. On waste collection, significant 55.71% proportion of the respondents choose government-approved bins, 25.23% use household items while 19.04% employed commercial waste collectors (X2 = 32.5454, df= 12, P= 0.00113). An insignificant 47.4% of the respondents in the study claimed to patronize only government approved dumpsites in disposing off their household wastes, 24.5% at any available open spaces while 24.3% dumped their wastes in their private backyards, 3.80% disposed the wastes in drainages (X2 = 18.8314, df= 18, P= 0.4022). Conclusion: This study successfully achieved the objective for which it was set. This study successfully assessed the composition and quantity, collection and disposal methods of waste generated in AMAC, FCT, Nigeria.

1Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Abuja, Nigeria 2Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University of Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. 3Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.

This research work examined the economics of yam production among smallholder farmers in Gwagwalada and Kwali Area Council of Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. The specific objectives include to: estimate the profitability of yam production and examine technical efficiency in yam production. Multistage sampling was used for this study. Data was analyzed with descriptive Statistics, Stochastic Frontier Production Function, Gross Margin Analysis and Principal Components Analysis. The results showed that, (86.2%) of the respondents were males with average age of 40 years and 17 years farming experience. Also 43.27% of the sampled yam farmers had no formal education with average household size of 6 persons, and also (64.1%) were not members of any farmers association. Also 47.44% of the sampled farmers sourced their capital through personal savings. Whereas, 90.06% of the farmers had access to extension services with average farm size of 2ha. The result of costs and returns reveals that the cost of labour was N 98, 865.74/ha which carried the highest proportion of the total variable cost (TVC). The TVC incurred by the yam farmers was N 202, 544.82/ha and the total revenue obtained was N 410, 879.80/ha with the gross margin of N 208, 334.98 which indicates that yam production was a profitable enterprise in the study area. The factors that influence the total output were farm size (P<0.05), Agro chemical (P<0.01). The factors influencing technical efficiency were educational level of farmers (P<0.05), access to credit facilities (P<0.05), extension contact (P<0.05), farming experience (P<0.05), household size (P<0.05) and cooperative membership of (P<0.05). The mean technical efficiency was 51.1%. Yam farmers encountered the following constraints; high cost of transportation, inputs, seed material, inadequate finances and lack of storage facilities. The following recommendations were made: since yam production is a profitable enterprise it should be encouraged to increase their scale of production to earn more profit that could improve their welfare and livelihood. Farm input such as agro-chemical, improved seed varieties should be provided to yam farmers at subsidized rate and timely by government or non-governmental agencies. Keywords: Technical Efficiency, Yam Farmers, Yam Production, Farm Management Key words: Source Documents, Credibility, Financial Reports, Accounting Circle Journal Reference Format: Idisi, P.O., Musa, S., Maduekwe, I.M., Ogunrinde, H., Atteh, A.P., Emmanuel, A.I. & Simpa, O.J. (2023): Technical Efficiency in Yam Production Among Small Scale Farmers in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. Humanities, Management, Arts, Education & the Social Sciences Journal. Vol. 12. No. 1, Pp 29-48. www.isteams.net/humanitiesjournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/HUMANITIES/V12N4P3

The Impact of User Experience (UX) Factors for User Satisfaction of Web-Based Application in SME IT Sector in Colombo Municipal Council Area

The Impact of User Experience (UX) Factors for User Satisfaction of Web-Based Application in SME IT Sector in Colombo Municipal Council Area

ANALYSIS OF HOUSEHOLD ASSETS ON LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES OF SMALLHOLDER CROP FARMERS IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA, NIGERIA.

The study analyzed the effects of household assets on livelihood strategies of smallholder food crop farmers in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was employed to select 68 smallholder crop farmers from three Area Councils in the Territory using questionnaire to solicit for primary data from the respondents. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logit analysis were used to analyze the data. Results of the analysis reveals that smallholder crop farmers were within the age range of (41-50%). They were mostly males (77.94%) and married {98.53%}. Their level of education was primary school education (38.24%) with farming experience of (21-30years). They were mostly (6-10) members/household. Farmers in FCT carried out LS1 (17.5%), LS2 (26.47%), LS23 ( 19.22%) and LS4 (36.76%). Results of household assets on livelihood strategies shows that distance from home to all season road was significant on LS1 at 5% level of significance (1.97)** as well as LS2 at 10% (2.01)** respectively. Income was significant at 1% (-3.03)***. It was therefore recommended that more household assets should be utilized among smallholder crop farmers. f the analysis reveals that smallholder crop farmers were within the age range of (41-50%). They were mostly males (77.94%) and married {98.53%}. Their level of education was primary school education (38.24%) with farming experience of (21-30years). They were mostly (6-10) members/household. Farmers in FCT carried out LS1 (17.5%), LS2 (26.47%), LS23 ( 19.22%) and LS4 (36.76%). Results of household assets on livelihood strategies shows that distance from home to all season road was significant on LS1 at 5% level of significance (1.97)** as well as LS2 at 10% (2.01)** respectively. Income was significant at 1% (-3.03)***. It was therefore recommended that more household assets should be utilized among smallholder crop farmers.

Financial Mismanagement of Small Businesses: A Study Based on the Hotel Industry in Nuwara Eliya District

The purpose of the study was to identify the financial mismanagement of small businesses and their effect on the business’s success. This research used the qualitative approach and continued the study through the general qualitative method. Sample were selected based on the purposive sampling method. Accordingly, data collection was done through in-depth interviews with owners of six small businesses in the Talawakele - Lidula Municipal Council area in the Nuwara Eliya District. The data were analysed, and themes were derived using thematic analysis. The main mismanagement identified from the study was mismanaging start-up capital, cash flows, budgetary system, personal spending, retained earnings, and working capital. Due to these mismanagements, businesses cannot run with a proper plan. The findings of this study will enable small businesses to identify their financial mismanagement. These findings will also help policymakers to identify the areas that are required to improve the financial management literacy of small business owners.

Assessment of Community and Social Projects on Social Infrastructural Development of Kwali Area Council Federal Capital Territory

This study focuses on the assessment of the Community and Social Development Projects (CSDP) on social infrastructure development in the Kwali Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). Social infrastructure plays a vital role in enhancing the quality of life and well-being of a community's residents. The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness and sustainability of the CSDP's initiatives in promoting social infrastructural development within the Kwali Area Council. The study adopted the documentary research method through the review of various documents—books, journals, government publications, and other written materials that are relevant and valid in the area of study by subjecting the various information to deductive reasoning to find answers to research questions. The findings from the presented data highlighted the substantial impact of the Federal Capital Territory Community and Social Development Project (FCT-CSDP) on the development of social infrastructure in Kwali Area Council. The construction and rehabilitation initiatives undertaken through FCT-CSDP grants have significantly contributed to various aspects of the community. The study recommends that to ensure the continued benefits of the FCT-CSDP initiatives, it's crucial to incorporate sustainability measures into project planning. This could involve training community members in the maintenance and management of the constructed facilities, creating income-generating activities linked to the projects, and establishing mechanisms for ongoing monitoring and evaluation.

Exploring Indicators Impacting Gross Domestic Product: A Case of the Gulf Cooperation Council Members

This study investigates the factors that influenced the economic growth of the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) members from 1990 to 2021. The study employed statistical methods such as ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed-effects model (FEM), and generalized method of moments (GMM) regressions to arrive at its findings. The World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) databases provided the data for this paper. The six Gulf Cooperation Council members are the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the State of Qatar, the Sultanate of Oman, the State of Kuwait, and the Kingdom of Bahrain. In fact, the economies of Gulf Cooperation Council members (countries) are highly dependent on the oil sector. Therefore, one of the main positive indicators of gross domestic product in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries is oil prices. In addition, inflation plays a significant and positive role in supporting the gross domestic product in the Gulf Cooperation Council area. In contrast, unemployment rates and the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the gross domestic product in the Gulf Cooperation Council region significantly and negatively. The implications of this study help policymakers make the right decisions and implement policies to increase economic growth in Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Furthermore, this study supports economists and academics in conducting their research in the same field.

PROFITABILITY OF FUEL WOOD MARKETING IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLITAN, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA

This study analyzed the profitability of fuel wood marketing in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council Area of Borno State, Nigeria. The study employed purposive sampling technique to select 60 respondents from the three (3) main fuel wood markets in the study area. Primary data was used for the study. The tools used to analyze the data obtained were descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) and Gross margin. The study revealed that marketing of fuel wood is a profitable business. It is a major source of cooking energy for Nigerian households throughout the year with the average gross margin for wholesalers of N 69,000 and N 7, 000 for retailers per month. Fuel wood is providing reliable incomes for urban as well as rural households in Nigeria. Despite the profitability of fuel wood marketing, transportation and lack of capital are the major constraints faced by the marketers followed by inadequate storage facilities. To avoid indiscriminate bush burning and illegal tree felling to harvest fuel wood, government agencies should provide the marketers and gatherers with guidelines and support in their activities to prevent the deleterious effects it would have on the environment.

Sixth Schedule in Assam: An Overview

Sixth schedule of Indian constitution is an integral part of Indian polity and a very important topic in current political domain. Assam is one of the tribal-dominated hill areas in the northeastern region, and this constitution is the only one of its kind to protect the cultural identities, habits, economic and political interests of the people who live there. The sixth schedule of the Indian Constitution lists four different councils: the regional council, the district council, the independent council, and the territorial council. That being said, Assam has three councils: two independent councils, one local council, and the state government. The North Cachar Hill area Council and the Mikir Hill District Council were both created after 1951. They are both in the Cachar area. It is mentioning here that the provision of six schedule has been reviewed time to time as per demand of different indigenous groups for autonomy. The sixth schedule of Indian constitution have both positive and negative affects. In this Article, it is tried to focus on some major problems as well as grievances of the deprived peoples of these living in the sixth schedule areas in Assam. Suggestions have also been provided to redress those problems and grievances.

Group Based Learning And Academic Achievement Of Upper Basic 2 Students’ In Pre-Vocational Studies In Umuahia North Local Government Area Of Abia State

The study assessed the effect of Group based instructional strategy on upper basic two (junior secondary school two) students’ achievement in Prevocational studies in Umuahia North Local Government of Abia State. The study adopted a quasi-experimental control design; specifically the pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group design was used. Two research questions were posed, and one hypothesis formulated to guide the study which was carried out in a Government co-education school in Umuahia North Council Area in Umuahia Education Zone of Abia State. Eighty-seven (87) JSS two students were used for the study. The study is a quasi- experimental study which employed pretest posttest control design and a 2x2 factorial design. Instrument used for data collection was Pre-vocational Studies Achievement Test (PSAT) developed by the researchers. PSAT was validated by three experts and the reliability coefficient using Kuder Richardson (KR-20) was found to be 0.81. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) statistics was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 significance level. The result revealed a significant factor on students’ achievement in Pre-vocational studies. Thus, it was confirmed that students taught Pre-vocational studies using Group based instructional strategy performed better than those taught using the lecture method. The result also revealed that gender was not a factor in achievement of students in Pre-vocational studies. It was recommended among other things that efforts should be made by curriculum experts to incorporate Group based instructional strategy, teaching strategy into the teaching of pre-vocational studies.
 

Spatial Analysis of Urban Road Traffic Accidents Using GIS

Road traffic accidents are on the rise in urban areas globally, including Sri Lanka, leading to significant human and property losses. The Colombo Municipal Council (CMC) area in Sri Lanka witnesses a particularly high number of these accidents. This study aimed to analyze urban traffic accidents using GIS within complex urban networks. It employed a two-step approach, starting with a hot spot analysis based on accident times and types (fatal, non-grievous, and damage-only), using Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Nearest Neighbor Hierarchy (NNH) methods. Additionally, it created separate severity maps and compares the results visually, with KDE offering a comprehensive overview and NNH pinpointing high-accident areas. The KDE method was expected to benefit long-term traffic congestion reduction and safety enhancement. NNH's severity map provides immediate insights for road safety specialists. A mathematical approach involved calculating the Prediction Accuracy Index (PAI) for each method, revealing a notably higher value for NNH, making it a more suitable choice. In conclusion, this study recommended the Nearest Neighbor Hierarchy (NNH) method as superior for road safety analysis, offering important guidance for urban planning and accident prevention efforts

Domestic Water Conservation in the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria: Perceptions and Practices

Many regions in Nigeria currently experience physical or economic water scarcity; a situation that isexpected to worsen because of the nation’s rapid population growth, which has resulted in increased pressure on available freshwater resources. This study, therefore, examines water conservation practices in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), one of the fastest-growing areas in Nigeria. A questionnaire was administered to 649 respondents, from across the six Area Councils that make up the Territory. The findings revealed that water investments in the FCT have not yielded 100% public water supply coverage for residents. About half of the respondents (48.7%) reduced their water use by minimizing the water used for washing, and a slightly higher proportion (53.5%) minimized water used for bathing. While rain harvesting was the most widespread conservation practice, with 65.3% of the respondents adopting it, the least practised conservation method is wastewater reuse, where only about 41% of the respondents adopted it. Although themajority of the respondents were literates, education did not impact their conservation practice. The age and gender of respondents played no significant role in the adoption of conservation practices. More public awareness and water education are needed to promote greater domestic water conservation among residents.

Examining Environmental Sustainability and Conservation in Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State

Karu local government council is one of the Local Government Areas of Nasarawa State in the North Central Zone of Nigeria with lots of environmental sustainability and conservation issues ranging from erosion, flooding, tree felling, dumping of refuses on unauthorized sites, indiscriminate digging of roads and sewages for private uses. This paper focuses on appraising the Bye-Laws of Karu Local Government as it relates to environmental conservation and sustainability with a view to ascertaining whether such Bye-Laws, were they exist, are effective and efficient enough to meet the conservation and environmental sustainability issues affecting the Council Area. It was found that Karu Local Government have Bye-Laws which happed on the environment by failed to provide for conservation and sustainability in a manner befitting a legislature that knows through research the impact of obnoxious toxic poisonous waste drawn from the Koko Village incident of 1988. It was recommended that an interim measure of Regulations by the Agriculture Department or the Forestry Section be made to conserve and sustain the environment in the Local Council till the legislature does the needful in enacting for conservation and sustainability in the Council Area. In conclusion, the paper aligned with the view that conservation of the environment is the duty of individuals and government in tim

Employment Barriers as Correlates of Economic Empowerment of Persons with Physical Disabilities in Bwari Area Council of Federal Capital Territory Abuja Nigeria

Employment Barriers as Correlates of Economic Empowerment of Persons with Physical Disabilities in Bwari Area Council of Federal Capital Territory Abuja Nigeria

Water Quality Assessment of Lower Usuma Dam Water from Treatment plant to points of Consumption in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

This study investigated and compared the bacteriological, physicochemical and heavy metals concentrations of drinking water quality of Lower Usuma Dam from treatment plant to the points of consumption in three Area Councils (Bwari, Abuja Municipal and Gwagwalada) of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Most probable number technique was employed for coliform detection. Molecular characterization of isolated bacteria was carried out. Seven out of the 26 water samples analyzed in this study were contaminated in the range of 7 MPN/100ml to >23 MPN/100ml. Physicochemical parameters such as colour, pH, temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity and seven heavy metals were also determined using Atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results showed that Bwari had the highest value for colour, 16.67 Pt.Co while AMAC had the least with 1.00 Pt. Co, Gwagwalada had the highest pH value (7.33±0.12) and Bwari the lowest pH of 6.77±0.06. Bwari also had highest temperature of 30.23±2.80oC while AMAC recorded the least (27.29±0.26oC). Turbidity ranged from 1.86 to 2.83 NTU. The highest level of the other parameters [(TDS 54.27 mg/L, conductivity 90.10 µs/cm, total hardness 34.00 mg/L, total alkalinity 28.00 mg/L, Cl– 20.82 mg/L)] was observed in water samples from Gwagwalada Area Council. Gwagwalada recorded the highest values for iron and zinc at 0.09mg/l and 0.003mg/l respectively. Copper concentration was highest in AMAC (0.043mg/l) and lowest in Bwari area council (0.007mg/l). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the concentration of Cr detected in all the water samples. There is need for provision of adequate sanitation facilities and improvement on monitoring of distribution system in order to maintain drinking water quality and prevent water borne disease outbreaks.

EXAMINING ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND CONSERVATION IN KARU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF NASARAWA STATE

Karu local government council is one of the Local Government Areas of Nasarawa State in the North Central Zone of Nigeria with lots of environmental sustainability and conservation issues ranging from erosion, flooding, tree felling, dumping of refuses on unauthorized sites, indiscriminate digging of roads and sewages for private uses. This paper focuses on appraising the Bye-Laws of Karu Local Government as it relates to environmental conservation and sustainability with a view to ascertaining whether such Bye-Laws, were they exist, are effective and efficient enough to meet the conservation and environmental sustainability issues affecting the Council Area. It was found that Karu Local Government have Bye-Laws which happed on the environment by failed to provide for conservation and sustainability in a manner befitting a legislature that knows through research the impact of obnoxious toxic poisonous waste drawn from the Koko Village incident of 1988. It was recommended that an interim measure of Regulations by the Agriculture Department or the Forestry Section be made to conserve and sustain the environment in the Local Council till the legislature does the needful in enacting for conservation and sustainability in the Council Area. In conclusion, the paper aligned with the view that conservation of the environment is the duty of individuals and government in times where industrialization is demanding much from the human environment.