Cost Reduction Strategies Research Articles

Aggressive strategies of the COVID-19 pandemic on the apparel industry of Sri Lanka using structural equation modeling.

During the COVID-19 crisis, the apparel industry faced many challenges. Aggressive cost-cutting strategies became a top priority, and in turn, these influenced stressors and adversely affected business sustainability. This study examines the impact of aggressive strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic on business sustainability in the apparel industry of Sri Lanka. Further, it investigates whether the relationship between aggressive cost-cutting strategies and business sustainability was mediated by employee stress, considering aggressive cost reduction strategies and workplace environmental changes. This was a cross-sectional study with data collected from 384 employees in the apparel industry in Sri Lanka. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied to analyze the direct and indirect effects of aggressive cost reduction strategies and workplace environmental changes on sustainability with mediating effects of stress. Aggressive cost reduction strategies (Beta = 1.317, p = 0.000) and environmental changes (Beta = 0.251, p = 0.000) led to an increase in employee stress but did not affect business sustainability. Thus, employee stress (Beta = -0.028, p = 0.594) was not a mediator in the relationship between aggressive cost-cutting strategies and business sustainability; business sustainability was not a dependent variable. The findings proved that managing workplace stress, particularly improving stressful working environments and aggressive cost reduction strategies, can enhance employee satisfaction. Thus, managing employee stress could be beneficial for policymakers to focus on the area(s) required to retain competent employees. Moreover, aggressive strategies are unsuitable to apply during crisis to enhance business sustainability. The findings provide additional knowledge to the existing literature, enabling employees and employers to predict causes of stress and serve as a significant knowledge base for further studies.

3D Printing Technology in Pediatric Orthopedics: a Primer for the Clinician.

This article reviews the basics of 3D printing and provides an overview of current and future applications of this emerging technology in pediatric orthopedic surgery. Both preoperative and intraoperative utilization of 3D printing technology have enhanced clinical care. Potential benefits include more accurate surgical planning, shortening of a surgical learning curve, decrease in intraoperative blood loss, less operative time, and fluoroscopic time. Furthermore, patient-specific instrumentation can be used to improve the safety and accuracy of surgical care. Patient-physician communication can also benefit from 3D printing technology. 3D printing is rapidly advancing in the field of pediatric orthopedic surgery. It has the potential to increase the value of several pediatric orthopedic procedures by enhancing safety and accuracy while saving time. Future efforts in cost reduction strategies, making patient-specific implants including biologic substitutes and scaffolds, will further increase the relevance of 3D technology in the field of pediatric orthopedic surgery.

Cost of Blood Products in Iran: A Case Study of the Shiraz Blood Transfusion Organization Using Activity-based Costing

Background: Although blood is donated rather than purchased, collecting, storing, and testing it for viral markers is expensive. During the Cost of Blood Consensus Conference (COBCON), activity-based costing (ABC) was proposed as a standard way to figure out the cost of preparing a unit of blood. Objectives: The ABC can be used by any organization that pays for blood or blood products. It was used to determine how much each unit of allogeneic blood costs in Iran, considering the limited blood sources and the importance of cost evaluation studies. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted at Shiraz Blood Transfusion Organization in 2020-2021 (Shiraz, Iran). We used the ABC method to determine how much each unit of allogeneic blood costs in Iran. In this study, activity centers were divided into high-level, intermediate, and final activity centers. The resources of each activity center were made up of human resources, consumables, buildings, equipment, and energy. Results: Direct and indirect costs of producing blood were separately investigated in the studied sub-units. The final estimated cost of preparing one blood unit was almost 13 million IRR (≈308 USD). According to our findings, indirect costs comprised a significant portion (86.45%) of the cost of producing a unit of blood, while direct costs accounted for only 13.55%. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, the cost of one blood unit was far more than the national average estimated by the Iran Blood Transfusion Organization. There is a need for additional research on the cost of other blood products and indirect cost reduction strategies.

Global strategies: concepts, types and features

Introduction. The paper is devoted to the definition and research of the concept of global strategies, their varieties and features. Different approaches to defining global strategies, proposed by well-known foreign and Ukrainian scientists, are considered. The peculiarities of various types of global strategies are studied, in particular, geopolitical, economic, sociocultural and technological strategies are considered. Specific cases of the application of global strategies are analyzed, namely on the example of the Apple company, and the impact of the chosen strategy on the company's success is described. The purpose of the paper is in a detailed analysis of the concept of global strategies, the definition of their types and features, consideration of conceptual approaches to the definition of global strategies and their classification depending on the goals, field of application, etc., as well as an overview of the role of global strategies in the modern world, their influence on politics, economy and social processes. Results. If we summarize all the information obtained, then the definition of the concept of global strategy can be presented as a plan or approach that establishes the general goal of the organization or company and the ways to achieve this goal at the international level, and which includes setting priorities, developing an action plan and developing policies, which are aimed at ensuring the success of the organization in the conditions of the global economy and competition. The most well-known and used types of global strategies are: cost reduction strategy, differentiation strategy, focus strategy, growth strategy, competitive advantage strategy, sustainable development strategy and digital transformation strategy. Global strategies may differ from company to company, as each company has its own needs and goals. For a deeper understanding of the types and features of global strategies, the purpose is to consider their use and combination on the device of a real organization. The global strategy of the company in question, Apple, is to create and sell products and services that allow users to be constantly connected to the world, which increases their productivity and entertainment. Conclusions. Summarizing all the above information, we can conclude that the global strategy is a long-term plan of action of the company, which determines how it will act in the international market. Each type of global strategy has its advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of the optimal strategy depends on the company's needs and local market conditions. A key feature of global strategies is that they not only contribute to increasing the company's profits, but also allow attracting new customer bases, expanding the geographical coverage of the market and ensuring competitiveness at the international level. Global strategies allow companies to effectively use their resources and capital at the international level, ensure stable production growth and increase their share in the international market. For the successful application of global strategies, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth analysis of market conditions and demand for products, as well as to determine the optimal option for the company's development at the international level.

Vigilant conservation: How energy insecure households navigate cumulative and administrative burdens

Energy insecurity research has described the prevalence and circumstances of household energy unaffordability, as well as its impacts on health. Previous studies have also noted coping strategies that result from energy insecurity. In 2020, we conducted in-depth interviews with 30 participant households enrolled in one or more energy assistance programs in Washington D·C. Participants were asked about housing conditions, approaches to energy consumption and cost-reduction strategies, experiences acquiring energy assistance services, and environmental concerns. Qualitative analysis revealed the underpinnings of "vigilant conservation," which characterizes how individuals experience energy insecurity and navigate energy assistance services. We provide evidence advancing new understandings of the nature and extent of vigilant conservation via 1) cumulative burdens, which refers to the duty to conserve utility resources and strictly manage the household's financial affairs by saving across various categories, and 2) administrative burdens which encompasses the hardships associated with seeking help and managing the bureaucratic processes of formal support. Our study connects energy insecurity and vigilant conservation to broader questions on sustainability and asserts a need to relieve households of cumulative and administrative burdens.

Extra‐EU immigrants and labour productivity: New evidence from Italian firms

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of extra‐EU workers on labour productivity in Italy. To this aim, we take advantage of firm‐level data derived from the Rilevazione Imprese e Lavoro (RIL‐AIDA) surveys merged with the AIDA‐Bureau Van Dijk archive over the period 2007–2015. Using an econometric strategy that accounts for firms' observed heterogeneity and endogeneity issues, we obtain the following results. First, an increase in the share of extra‐EU workers leads to a decline in labour productivity. Second, the relationship between extra‐EU workers and productivity appears to be different between firms located in centre‐north and those in southern regions. Third, the share of extra‐EU workers is also associated with a decline in average wages and sales per employee, even though this effect is less than that observed for productivity. Our findings support the hypothesis that the demand of immigrants arises as a labour cost reduction strategy and hence tends to weaken firms' competitiveness.

Development of competitive strategies by enterprises in the globalization of market

The subject of the study is the process of formation and implementation of competitive strategies of enterprises in the conditions of globalization of markets. The purpose of the article is to study the relationship between the globalization of markets and the development of competitive strategies of enterprises, as well as to provide recommendations to enterprises on the development of effective competitive strategies that take into account global trends and the peculiarities of local markets. The methodological basis of the article can be various research approaches and methods, depending on the specific orientation. The methods of economic analysis are used, in particular, comparative analysis of various competitive strategies, SWOT analysis, Porter's analysis, and others. Also used are methods of sociological research, in particular surveys of various groups of stakeholders, or methods of practical experience, including case studies of successful enterprises and their strategies. Results of the article. It has been established that in the conditions of globalization of markets, enterprises must develop competitive strategies that take into account the trends of global market development and the peculiarities of competition in different regions of the world. The main factors influencing the development of competitive strategies of enterprises in the conditions of globalization of markets are identified, in particular: changes in the political, economic, socio-cultural and technological environment, the growth of competition, changes in consumer requirements, the strengthening of the influence of regulatory bodies, etc. The main strategies that can be applied by enterprises in the conditions of globalization of markets, such as: differentiation strategies, cost reduction strategies, focusing strategies and combined strategies, are studied. It was found that the success of the company's competitive strategy in the conditions of globalization of markets depends on several factors, in particular: choosing the right strategy, effective management of resources, adaptation to local conditions and interaction with partners. Recommendations are given on the development and implementation of competitive strategies of enterprises in the conditions of globalization of markets, in particular: analyze trends in the development of the global market. An additional result is the identification of key factors that influence the formation and implementation of competitive strategies of enterprises in the conditions of globalization of markets. This enables enterprises to more effectively adapt to changing market conditions and develop their strategies based on the analysis of these factors. Field of application of results. The recommendations for the development of competitive strategies that have been formulated can be used by enterprises of various sizes and industries that wish to compete in international markets. In particular, the research can be useful for managers who are responsible for the development of company strategies, as well as for researchers and teachers who deal with problems of competitiveness of enterprises. Conclusions. The development of competitive strategies of enterprises in the conditions of globalization of markets is an important factor in their success and preservation of competitiveness. Effective selection and implementation of strategies requires a deep analysis of external and internal environmental factors, a thorough study of the competitive field, and the use of modern strategic management tools.

Sustainable fabrication of cellulose aerogel embedded with ZnO@noble metal (Ag, Au, Ag-Au) NPs for sensitive and reusable SERS application

Nanostructured materials with designable microstructure fabricated through a facile and green method are highly desired for practical applications in nanotechnology. Herein, without using any toxic reagents, flexible cellulose aerogel nanocomposites embedded with ZnO@noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully prepared from a cellulose dope. Morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite were characterized. Flower-liker ZnO particles were synthesized through cellulose mineralization and it acted as a platform for efficient photocatalytic synthesis of noble metal (Ag, Au, Ag-Au) NPs. The noble metal NPs were well dispersed in the three-dimensional (3D) cellulose skeleton, resulting in abundant “hot spots” for high Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) signal enhancement. Using rhodamine 6 G (R6G) molecules as probe molecules, the detection limits and calculated enhancement factors approached to 10−10 M and 4.8 × 107, respectively. Particularly, the photocatalytic capabilities of noble metal-semiconductor heterostructure embedded in porous aerogel made it a self-cleaned SERS substrate. There was little sensitivity loss after recycling use for 3 times. This work presented a sustainable and cost-reduction strategy to construct sensitive SERS substrate.

Consumer preferences and willingness to pay for dried traditional mangos from Kitui – A marketing analysis for Kenya and Germany

The Kenyan mango value chain faces high post-harvest losses due to poor market access alongside a lack of storage technologies and processing facilities. Thus, using fruit processing methods, like solar drying, can enhance shelf life and help smallholder farmers access new markets, diversifying income and livelihoods. Nonetheless, the processing of both indigenous and grafted mango fruits is not a very common practice. This study was conducted to support product development targeting processing and marketing to link farmers to both local and export markets. Four independent consumer testing and sensory evaluation rounds on Kitui’s dried mango flakes were conducted in Germany and Kenya. Data were collected via a group tasting by 31 randomly selected participants and an online questionnaire of 304 randomly selected participants. All participants were given samples of different varieties of dried mango flakes with and without additives. Results show that high-quality mango cultivars, like Ngowe, receive high hedonic scores without any additives (honey, sodium metabisulfite, or ascorbic acid). Some varieties positively respond to the treatments and achieve higher scores, e.g., Van Dyke or the indigenous variety Kikamba. The consumers testing in Germany show that extrinsic attributes, such as organic production, fair trade, cooperative, and sustainable labelled flakes open up new opportunities for farmers who aim for the export market. Against findings derived from German panellists, in Kenya, consumers do not show a higher willingness to pay despite having a positive attitude toward sustainability. Thus, the local market should focus on cost-reduction strategies rather than introducing standardisation.

Impact of Cost Reduction Strategies on Purchasing and Procurement in Mozambique

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the impact of cost reduction strategies on purchasing and procurement in Mozambique.
 Methodology: The research was conducted entirely on computers. Secondary data, or data that doesn't require actual observation in the field, are the focus of desk research. Because it requires little more than an executive's time, telephone rates, and directories, desk research is generally seen as a low-cost strategy in comparison to field research. As a result, the research used data that had already been collected and reported. This secondary data was readily available via the internet's digital library and scholarly articles.
 Findings: The results show that cost reduction strategies are effective ways of reducing costs associated with purchasing and procurement. Cost reduction strategies enables companies to reduce costs associated with materials, services, and labor, as well as reduce overhead costs. Additionally, strategic partnerships and the use of technology also help companies reduce costs and optimize their purchasing and procurement process. Overall, cost reduction strategies can be an effective way of reducing costs and improving efficiency.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Future research in the field of purchasing and procurement may be grounded in the competitive advantage theory and the supply chain theory. Policymakers, researchers and academics from all across the world will all stand to gain from this study's findings. Executives in charge of national purchasing and procurement initiatives will also use the study's findings to boost the cost reduction strategies performance across the board. The research suggests that the purchasing and procurement sector should implement cost reduction policies to boost the effectiveness of their primary operations and activities.

Intravenous Anaesthetic Drug Wastage and Its Financial Burden on A Tertiary Care Hospital in Sri Lanka

With recent advancements in anaesthetic management where newer drugs and innovative treatment modalities are being introduced, the healthcare cost has increased and it is prudent to reduce the healthcare expenditure in a developing country such as Sri Lanka without compromising on patient care. Reducing drug wastage, can reduce the impact on hospitals pharmaceutical budget. The present study was conducted to assess the wastage of intravenous anaesthetic drugs and to assess its economic impact at a tertiary hospital in Sri Lanka. Following ethical clearance and institutional approval, a prospective study was conducted at all operations rooms at a tertiary care hospital for four consecutive weeks. Intravenous anaesthetic drugs left in syringes, vials and opened ampules not used were documented at the end of each day. The total and daily cost of drug wastage was calculated using the unit price list issued by the Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka. The largest volume of drug wastage was from Propofol 1489.28 mg. per day followed by Ephedrine (145.35 mg per day). The total financial loss during the study period was Rupees. 164477.95, and the average daily loss was Rupees. 5874.21. The maximum daily cost of drug wastage was due to Metaraminol (Rupees. 3537.9) followed by Propofol (Rupees. 616.35). The financial impact form anaesthetic drug wastage was considerable with Metaraminol and Propofol being the main contributors. Educating the staff on drug costs, employing practical methods to reduce wastage and frequent audits can be used as a wastage cost reduction strategy.

Cost Reduction Strategies and Growth of FMCG Companies in Kyoto, Japan

Cost Reduction Strategies and Growth of FMCG Companies in Kyoto, Japan

Drug cytotoxicity screening using human intestinal organoids propagated with extensive cost-reduction strategies

Organoids are regarded as physiologically relevant cell models and useful for compound screening for drug development; however, their applications are currently limited because of the high cost of their culture. We previously succeeded in reducing the cost of human intestinal organoid culture using conditioned medium (CM) of L cells co-expressing Wnt3a, R-spondin1, and Noggin. Here, we further reduced the cost by replacing recombinant hepatocyte growth factor with CM. Moreover, we showed that embedding organoids in collagen gel, a more inexpensive matrix than Matrigel, maintains organoid proliferation and marker gene expression similarly when using Matrigel. The combination of these replacements also enabled the organoid-oriented monolayer cell culture. Furthermore, screening thousands of compounds using organoids expanded with the refined method identified several compounds with more selective cytotoxicity against organoid-derived cells than Caco-2 cells. The mechanism of action of one of these compounds, YC-1, was further elucidated. We showed that YC-1 induces apoptosis through the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway, the mechanism of which was distinct from cell death caused by other hit compounds. Our cost-cutting methodology enables large-scale intestinal organoid culture and subsequent compound screening, which could expand the application of intestinal organoids in various research fields.

Why has Japanese Global Competitiveness Been Declining in the Automobile Industry? Comparative Analysis of Korea

The paper is to study the reasons why the global competitiveness of the Japanese industry has weakened significantly in the automobile industry. Four leading causes will be analyzed to weaken Japanese global competitiveness regarding technical, market, policy, and corporate factors. Above all, the human element, which is consisted of the dynamics of entrepreneurs, workers, experts, politicians, and administrative bureaucrats, is the most critical in analyzing the technical, market, policy, and corporate factors of global competitiveness in each industry. In Japan, workers and experts were responsible for technology transfer within the industry. Japan was far ahead of Korea regarding technological equipment, but there were frequent cases of human leaking. Japanese automakers’ entrepreneurs failed to the quality management of the overseas workforce while promoting a growth-centered corporate strategy, resulting in a massive recall in 2009. As for the Japanese automobile industry, global competitiveness has been weakened due to the inability of the technicians to supply an overseas workforce to cope with the boom period of the worldwide market. In addition, politicians and bureaucrats, via the government's industrial support or policy, played an inevitable role in enhancing the competitiveness of Japan in early development. As an industry incumbent, Japan formed an industrial ecosystem while pursuing industrial development through government-led industrial policy. Thus, when the economy came into a recession, especially macroeconomic stagnation, there should have been timely action or policy support at the government level. With the technological development of products, the market of the industry was booming or depressed at that time, along with the government's policy and strategic support to develop each sector and to maintain its global competitiveness. The Japanese government failed to take advantage of the market due to the wrong choice of investment period and, thus, caused to lessen the gap with Korea. The investment reduction or cost reduction decided by entrepreneurs as one of the main factors, explained in detail by the corporate factor as the internal cause, is noteworthy among the four factors of weakening global competitiveness. The biggest reason Toyota lost global competitiveness, mainly due to its massive recall in the automobile industry, is that it made small investments during critical periods, delayed investments, or impractical cost reduction strategies in significant investment periods. The technology, market, and policy factors are the leading causes because of the necessary-to-sufficient relationship with the investment or cost reduction. With the decision-making process for investment or cost reduction by entrepreneurs, Toyota Motors would have avoided the massive recall in the global arena.

Turnaround strategies and performance of Kenya airways

Many organizations across the globe today are facing declining performance at some point intheir cycles due to internal and external factors or changes in the business environment. Mostoften, the organizations enter the state of decline due to pressures emanating from these factorswhich threaten their existence. These organizations compete for survival in the volatile andhostile market environment (the red ocean) and in order to emerge successful during the times ofdistress, most of them adopt turnaround strategies to enable them return back to their normalprofitability as well as improve their performance. As an alternative response to the crisis,turnaround strategies are applied to enhance an organization’s chances of survival and achievesustainable performance and recovery. This paper is an initiative into a study that sought todetermine the effect of turnaround strategies on performance of Kenya Airways. Specifically, thestudy sought to establish the effects of revenue generating strategy, cost reduction strategy, assetreduction strategy and financial restructuring on performance of Kenya Airways. The studyadopted a descriptive research design where data was analysed using descriptive statistics.Findings revealed that the four strategies affected the performance of Kenya Airways positivelyand contributed a lot to its turnaround.

The Impact of Business IT Strategic Alignment on Corporate Performance

Information technology's role is vital for a company's progress in its business management. Companies must implement differentiation and cost-reduction strategies to gain a competitive advantage in intense competition, especially among electrical appliance distributors. The implementation of cost reduction cuts business processes by streamlining IT/IS. However, business processes still have not implemented information systems, such as stock data collection, transaction problem reporting, and much more. Therefore, companies need to move dynamically with the flow of technological changes by planning the right technology strategy. Based on the problems that arise, this research is only limited to strategic planning of information systems and application portfolios using the Ward and Peppard approach because it focuses on mapping the company's internal-external factors regarding business and technology. This research hypothesizes that the determination of the strategy can be successful in realizing the application's application within five years in an electrical appliance distributor company. The research stage begins with collecting data from the literature, interviews, and direct observation. Next, analyze the internal and external environment using the help of the Ward and Peppard method. The environmental analysis results become the basis for mapping the Critical Success Factors (CSF) that need to be evaluated using the IT Balanced Scorecard. The results of this research are in the form of a proposed strategy for business, management, and information technology systems in the form of an application portfolio. The direction of application implementation is through product roadmap and master plan planning. This study aims to build the right business strategy and technology to help companies realize application implementation in the short and long term.

A comprehensive review on thermochemical, and biochemical conversion methods of lignocellulosic biomass into valuable end product

Lignocellulosic wastes have emerged as a potential feedstock in the last decades. There are multiple reasons for its abundance, easy availability, economic, and abundant sources. It can be used to produce several value-added products. Among them, fuel is considered one of the important requirements. Production of fuel from lignocellulosic biomass is a tricky business. The major reason for its failure is the low product yield. Therefore, high yield and low-cost are the two key parameters which need significant optimization. To achieve the target several newer technologies such as pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction and gasification have emerged. These techniques are much more efficient than that of conventional acid or alkali. At the same time quality of the product is also improved. The focus of this review is to analyze the efficiency of chemical conversion of lignocellulosic residues into valuable fuels keeping in mind the cost-reduction strategies.

Pharmaceutical enterprises drug quality strategy Moran analysis considering government supervision and new media participation.

The improvement of drug quality requires not only the supervision of government, but also the participation of new media. Therefore, this paper considers the impact of government regulation and new media reports on pharmaceutical enterprises, constructs a Moran Process evolutionary game model, and analyzes the evolution trajectory of pharmaceutical enterprises' choice of drug quality improvement strategy and drug cost reduction strategy. We obtain the conditions for the two strategies to achieve evolutionary stability under the dominance of external factors and the dominance of expected returns. To verify the theoretical results, we conduct a numerical simulation by the software MATLAB 2021b. The results show that, first of all, when the government penalty is high, the drug quality improvement strategy tends to become an evolutionary stable solution, increasing the penalty amount will help promote the improvement of drug quality. What's more, when the government penalty is low and the new media influence is low, the drug cost reduction strategy is easier to dominate. The higher the new media influence, the higher the probability that pharmaceutical enterprises choose the drug quality improvement strategy. Thirdly, when the number of pharmaceutical enterprises is lower than a threshold, the drug quality improvement strategy is easier to dominate. Finally, the drug quality improvement strategy is dominant when the quality cost factor is low and the government penalty is high, the drug cost reduction strategy is dominant when the quality cost factor is high and the government penalty is low. Above all, this paper provides countermeasures and suggestions for the drug quality improvement of pharmaceutical enterprises in practice.

Reference Based Pricing for Employee Healthcare Needs

Agencies that provide supports and services to individuals who have intellectual and/or developmental disabilities operate within a system in which governmental agencies typically control the price to be paid for the provision of these supports and services. One consequence of the imposition of these fixed prices is a chronic shortage of those staff who provide direct supports and services to people who have disabilities. Because agencies have no control over the prices they can charge for the provision of supports and services, they are unable to raise staff wages sufficiently to create an equilibrium between supply of and demand for staff. Instead, equilibrium must be sought by cost reduction measures. Strategies to reduce costs are essential to the continuation of this service model as substantial increases in governmental funding are unlikely. Reference based pricing for employee health insurance is described and proposed as a cost reduction strategy within the intellectual and developmental disability community. An example of the adoption of this strategy within the intellectual disability field is provided.

Investment Bank, Financial Performance, Economic growth and Development: An Empirical Analysis of Investment Banking Activities and Financial Market in an emerging Economy: A case study of Nigeria

The investment bank's performance was researched and critically analysed, and how such performance might contribute to economic growth notably in Nigeria. This study is unique in the Nigerian financial market since it empirically studied connected characteristics that potentially impact investment bank performance in Nigeria. This study spanned the years 1996 through 2022. The period was marked by a credit boom, a financial recession, a rebound, and strong economic expansion. Because of the nature of the study topics, a quantitative approach was taken. The study discovered that bank-specific characteristics, industry-specific factors, macroeconomic drivers, and institutional factors are relevant in evaluating the performance of Nigerian investment banks. That is, a critical examination of the performance of Nigerian investment banks is centred on bank-specific characteristics. This suggests that the capacity of investment banks to fulfil their essential functions is determined by internal factors such as capital, credit risk, operating expenditures, and size. Additionally, the industry strength demonstrated that the financial market's depth had an influence on investment banks. The significance of competitiveness was underlined. Macroeconomic factors such as GDP growth, interest rates, inflation rates, and oil prices shown that a strong macroeconomic environment is required for vibrant investment banks. Lastly, institutional variables such as a developed insurance industry, political stability, the rule of law, and effective government policies can all have an impact on the success of Nigerian investment banks. The research recommended that, in order to significantly improve the performance of investment banks in Nigeria, the following strategies be pursued aggressively: cost reduction strategy, cultural transformation, adopting a customer-centric approach to business, technological development, financial depth development, and development of a sustainable investment bank framework. This study believes that if the recommendations are adopted, investment banks' profits would improve, allowing them to execute their core functions and contribute to the growth of the economy, particularly in a rising economy like Nigeria. &nbsp