Cost Analysis Model Research Articles

Societal costs of untreated perinatal mood and anxiety disorders in Vermont.

To estimate the societal costs of untreated perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) in Vermont for the 2018-2020 average annual birth cohort from conception through five years postpartum. We developed a cost analysis model to calculate the excess cases of outcomes attributed to PMADs in the state of Vermont. Then, we modeled the associated costs of each outcome incurred by birthing parents and their children, projected five years for birthing parents who do not achieve remission by the end of the first year postpartum. We estimated that the total societal cost of untreated PMADs in Vermont could reach $48 million for an annual birth cohort from conception to five years postpartum, amounting to $35,910 in excess societal costs per birthing parent with an untreated PMAD and their child. Our model provides evidence of the high costs of untreated PMADs for birthing parents and their children in Vermont. Our estimates for Vermont are slightly higher but comparable to national estimates, which are $35,500 per birthing parent-child pair, adjusted to 2021 USdollars. Investing in perinatal mental health prevention and treatment could improve health outcomes and reduce economic burden of PMADs on individuals, families, employers, and the state.

Economic evaluation of percutaneous cryoablation vs conventional surgery in extra-abdominal desmoid tumours in the Spanish healthcare system

BackgroundDesmoid tumours (DTs) or deep fibromatosis are benign soft-tissue tumours, sometimes locally aggressive, requiring intervention on some cases. Surgery has been the gold standard, but new less invasive techniques such as percutaneous cryoablation have proved their effectiveness, reducing health resources and complications. The study aimed to compare the total cost of percutaneous cryoablation and conventional surgery for patients with extra-abdominal and/or abdominal wall DTs, candidates for local ablative treatment in Spain.MethodsA cost-analysis model was developed. An expert panel provided data about resource consumption for the percutaneous cryoablation technique and validated the epidemiology used for target population estimation. Unitary resources cost (€ 2022) derived from local cost databases. A retrospective analysis of 54 surgical cases in 3 Spanish hospitals was performed to estimate the cost of conventional surgery based on the cost of the Diagnosis-Related group (DRG) codes identified on this patient sample, weighted by each DRG proportion. The total cost for each alternative included intervention cost and complications cost, considering debridement required in 4.5% of cases with percutaneous cryoablation and minor surgery for surgical site infection in 18.0% for conventional surgery.ResultsThe total cost for percutaneous cryoablation (€ 5774.78/patient-year) was lower than the total cost for conventional surgery (€ 6780.98/patient-year), yielding cost savings up to € 80,002 in 1 year for the entire cohort of 80 patients with DTs eligible for intervention estimated in Spain. One-way sensitivity analyses confirmed the results’ robustness.ConclusionPercutaneous cryoablation versus conventional surgery would yield cost savings for the management of DT patients in Spain.Critical relevance statementThis manuscript provides insight into the economic impact derived from the savings related to the use of percutaneous cryoablation for desmoid-type tumours from the perspective of the Spanish National Healthcare System, providing useful information for the health decision-making process.Key points• Desmoid tumours are locally aggressive and may require local therapy.• Percutaneous cryoablation procedure is less invasive than the conventional surgery.• Cost comparison shows savings associated to percutaneous cryoablation use.Graphical

Techno-economic analysis of hybrid liquefaction and low-temperature adsorption carbon capture based on waste heat utilization

The techno-economic analysis of CO2 capture is important to determine its economic feasibility and its application to hybrid CO2 capture systems urgently needs more attention. This research conducts a techno-economic analysis of a hybrid CO2 system in which the waste energy and uncaptured CO2 from liquefaction are supplied to low-temperature adsorption to enhance the overall energy efficiency. Here, the process and energy models are coupled with the cost analysis model to estimate the capital cost, operational cost, and levelized cost of CO2 capture (LCOC) of the hybrid system. A series of parametric analyses are conducted to determine how the hybrid system's LCOC can be minimized. Results indicate the heat pump has the highest capital cost and is 4 times the compressor because it needs to satisfy the large cooling energy requirement. Moreover, the adsorbent mass exhibits a trade-off between a higher CO2 recovery rate and lower LCOC value due to increasing costs. Ultimately, based on 12.5 % CO2 partial pressure 1 kg/s flue gas, a liquefaction temperature of −48.15 °C, a desorption temperature of 92.5 °C, and operating pressure of 6 MPa, a comparable LCOC of 106.19 $ per tonne CO2 is yielded by the hybrid system.

Analysis of solar-powered adsorption desalination systems: Current research trends, developments, and future perspectives

Growing population increases freshwater demand for all vital activities: industrial, agricultural, and drinking; thereby, desalination capacity has grown significantly. The development of new adsorption desalination technologies has been getting much attention recently. These systems can be driven by low-grade heat sources such as solar energy, using environmentally friendly working fluids to generate potable water. The present study conducted a bibliometric analysis to identify current trends, developments, and future perspectives in adsorption desalination systems based on the publications between 2011 and 2022. The analysis covers seven major research indicators: annual publication trends, major contributing countries, scientific mapping of research sources, analysis of keywords, highly cited papers, most contributing institutions and authors, and research gaps. The paper additionally characterized the yearly publication trends, emphasized significant phrases such as water filtration, evaporation, and environmental impact. Also identified major contributing countries such as China, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, India, and United Kingdom. Among the notable institutions mentioned are Sohag University, Ministry of Education in China, King Abdullah University. Finally, the analysis provided an outlook on future research directions, including investigating novel membranes and adsorbents, investigating hybrid desalination systems integrated with nanomaterials, and using energy and cost analysis modeling and optimization techniques.

Analysis and forecast of the substitution potential of China's wind power-hydrogen production for fossil fuel hydrogen production

The predominant utilization of fossil fuels for hydrogen production in China leads to substantial carbon emissions, posing a challenge to China's objective of achieving carbon neutrality. With the rapid development of wind power in China, hydrogen can be produced through water electrolysis powered by wind-generated electricity. This process offers the potential to gradually replace the hydrogen production from fossil fuel (grey hydrogen), thus promoting the low-carbon transformation of China's hydrogen energy industry. However, further investigation is required to determine the potential displacement of grey hydrogen through the production of hydrogen from wind power in China in the future. To address this issue, this study first obtained wind speed data for the entire China region from the MERRA-2 database. Subsequently, based on the wind speed data for each specific area, the wind turbine model with the lowest power generation cost was selected from the eight available wind turbine models. On this basis, the mixed integer linear programming method is used to construct the cost analysis model of wind power-hydrogen production (WPHP). Based on the local wind power generation data, calculations are performed to determine the optimal installed capacity of the wind turbine, electrolyzer, and hydrogen storage tank within the WPHP system. Additionally, the optimal scheduling of the WPHP system is determined. These optimizations collectively result in the best WPHP cost. Based on this research, the optimal cost of WPHP for each geographical grid in China can be calculated and compared with the local grey hydrogen cost. The analysis reveals that in some areas of Xinjiang, Gansu, and Guizhou, exhibit low costs of wind power. This suggests that the substitution of grey hydrogen with WPHP can be achieved in these areas. Based on technological progress and changes in carbon trading prices, this paper predicts that WPHP in China could potentially replace 16.35–28.69 million tons of grey hydrogen by 2040. Moreover, by 2060, WPHP in China is projected to replace 76.72–92.01 million tons of grey hydrogen. According to the sensitivity analysis conducted, it has been determined that the efficiency of the electrolyzer and the price of the wind power equipment exert the greatest impact on the cost of hydrogen production.

Cost-benefits analysis of ultra-low emissions standard on air quality and health impact in thermal power plants in China

As China's largest energy infrastructure, thermal power plant consumed approximately half of China's coal over the past decade and threatened air quality, human health and socioeconomic development. Thus, a series of control policies have been implemented to alleviate those impacts in China. Particularly, China has witnessed unprecedented declines in air pollutant emissions from thermal power plants since the ultra-low emissions (ULE) standards were implemented. In contrast, the effect of the ULE policy on air quality, health and cost benefits remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study estimates the improved air quality and associated health and economic benefits under the ULE standards in the thermal power sector by using a measure-specific approach, combining a bottom-up emission inventory, an atmospheric model, a health assessment model and a cost analysis model. The results show that all the control measures lead to reduced air pollution, and renovating pre-existing units (RPU) is the most effective. Compared to without implementing the ULE policy, the population-weighted average PM2.5 and O3 concentrations decreased by 1.50 μg/m3 and 0.87 ppm, and 67,831 premature deaths could be avoided nationally. Furthermore, the results also show the net economic benefits of combining health benefits and costs due to control measures are 109.92 billion Yuan (in 2015 value) in China. The comprehensive results reveal that the health benefits outweigh the direct policy. Based on these empirical findings and the specific circumstances of China, we suggest that RPU should be further promoted to the entire of China, and if necessary, establish a long-term compensation mechanism for inter-provincial interests and institute and enforce comprehensive policies that carefully consider the health impacts of policies. This study provides strong arguments for China's policy-making and considering tightening emission standards for thermal power plants worldwide.

Impact of cost of Oncotype DX versus CanAssist Breast, an Indian prognostic test, in the management of node-negative early breast cancer in a single centre in India.

14 Background: It is well known that prognostication is important as not all women benefit equally from adjuvant chemotherapy, especially in HR+/HER2- early breast cancer (BC). Multiple publications have showcased the cost-effectiveness of Oncotype DX (ODX) in various countries. However, ODX remains out of reach for many patients in under-resourced geographies like Asia, Africa etc where healthcare insurance is not a norm. CanAssist Breast (CAB) is an affordable prognostic test developed on Indian patients. CAB couples the immunohistochemistry technique with an AI/ML-based prediction model to segregate patients as either low-risk or high-risk for distant breast cancer recurrence. CAB has been validated in the USA, Spain, Germany, Austria, Italy, and The Netherlands for predicting 5–10-year distant recurrences and has comparable low-risk accuracy with that of ODX/MammaPrint. In this abstract, we present real-world data about cost-analysis of the use of CanAssist Breast versus ODX in a single cancer care centre in Rajasthan, a state in Western India that has a per capita income of $ 1504 as against $ 68,400 in the USA. Methods: 124 patients with node-negative early BC were treated at a trust hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan from 2020-2022. All the high-risk patients received chemotherapy at the treating clinician’s discretion. For the cost analysis model, the cost of chemotherapy drugs, hospitalization charges, and costs involved in managing short-term adverse events was compared for CAB and ODX. Treatment is provided at subsidized costs to the patients in this trust hospital. Results: The median age of this cohort was 55 years (35-78), with primarily T2 and G2 diseases. High-risk proportions were 27% and 17% (as per TAILORx) and by CAB and ODX respectively. The cost of ODX is 5.8 times higher than the cost of CAB. The cost savings per patient with CAB over ODX were US $ 3477 (Rs. 278161) in this trust hospital. Conclusions: This economic model shows that the use of ODX could impose an economic burden due to its cost. Use of CAB would lead to savings without comprising the patient’s health, as both tests have comparable performance.

#2622 COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF SGLT2 INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS

Abstract Background and Aims Diabetes and its complications (e.g. chronic kidney disease [CKD] and cardiovascular disease [CVD]) impose significant clinical and financial burden. Recent large-scale randomized controlled trials have demonstrated cardiorenal benefit of the anti-diabetic drug sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, and they are approved for the treatment of CKD and/or heart failure (HF) in many countries. In the present study, we assessed the economic effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using a cost-analysis model that adopts CKD-dependent increases in the risk of developing CVD. Method We constructed a natural history model for T2DM patients incorporating CKD, end-stage renal disease, and CVD including myocardial infarction, HF, and stroke as diabetic complications. All diseases except for CKD were considered independent (i.e., the development of CKD increases the risk of CVD manifestation but a patient who develops one disease does not present with another disease). By using a population-based microsimulation, we estimated the 10-year medical costs in Japanese Yen (JPY) and outcomes (development of complications and quality-adjusted life years [QALY]) for patients who initiated antidiabetic therapy with SGLT2 inhibitors or conventional therapy. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was performed with 1,000,000 iterations. Results The total medical costs per person were JPY 1,193,000 versus JPY 1,160,000 and the QALYs were 8.13 versus 8.02 years for the SGLT2 inhibitor strategy versus the conventional strategy, respectively. As a result, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was 302,000 JPY/QALY, well below the threshold value of JPY 5,000,000/QALY. The PSA revealed that the probability of ICER being below the threshold was 97.7%. Conclusion We demonstrated that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors was cost-effective compared to the conventional strategy for treating patients with T2DM, and these results suggest clinical and financial benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors that can holistically approach T2DM and its renal and cardiovascular complications.

Assessing the cost competitiveness of electrolytic hydrogen production from small modular nuclear reactor-based power plants: A price-following perspective

Small modular nuclear reactor power plants (SMNRPPs) for hydrogen cogeneration are in early development, and their cost competitiveness for low-temperature electrolysis has not been well-studied. This study combines a quadratically-constrained economic dispatch model and a levelized cost analysis model to evaluate hydrogen cogeneration from a 300 MW SMNRPP coupled with proton exchange membrane electrolyzers. The SMNRPP adjusts its power output based on fluctuating electricity market prices and a time-invariant conversion value for electricity pricing arbitrage. We evaluated the SMNRPP-electrolysis system for 20 years in two case study locations and found the hydrogen supply cost ranged from CAD$1.77–3.36/kg and CAD$2.11–2.77/kg in electricity markets with high and low fossil fuel-dependence, respectively. The SMNRPP-electrolysis system is more cost-effective than fossil fuel-based hydrogen production at CAD$1.54/kg if the SMNRPP capital cost decreases to CAD$4,700/kW. This is because the SMNRPP capital cost accounts for 75% of the hydrogen supply cost variance, while other techno-economic parameters account for less than 27% of the supply cost variance. The system can achieve the lowest cost hydrogen production in under 17 years if the global learning rate and installation growth rates for SMNRPPs exceed 10% and 15%, respectively, to reach a 4.96 GW global footprint. The study outcomes can help formulate policies for SMNRPPs adoption in the hydrogen economy.

Workflow aware analytical model to predict performance and cost of serverless execution

SummaryServerless computing has emerged as a powerful deployment model based on the Function‐as‐a‐Service (FaaS) paradigm, where applications are orchestrated through a set of independent functions. The function orchestration within an application can be represented through a serverless workflow, which defines the overall execution plan of the application. To ensure the quality of service for serverless computing platforms, it is essential to develop performance and cost models that can predict the service quality that can be obtained from deploying and executing applications in the cloud platform. While several analytical models have been developed for various cloud deployment frameworks in recent years, there has been a lack of performance and cost analysis models for serverless computing platforms. The existing performance and cost monitoring tools available in serverless frameworks face several challenges, such as complexity, lack of transparency, and incomplete monitoring data. In this paper, we fill the gap by proposing an efficient workflow‐based analytical model that can estimate the end‐to‐end response time and cost of the serverless execution plan. The proposed model can handle complex structures like loop, cycles, self‐loop, and parallel substructures that exist in serverless workflows. Additionally, we propose a heuristic optimization algorithm to identify the optimal resource configuration to achieve the optimal response time under a given budget constraint. We evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed model by considering seven serverless applications in both AWS Lambda and Microsoft Azure platforms. We compared the accuracy of the proposed model with the real values of response time and cost obtained in AWS Lambda and Microsoft Azure serverless platforms. The proposed performance and cost model in the AWS Lambda platform has been observed to have an average accuracy of 99.2% and 98.7% respectively. In the Microsoft Azure platform, the average accuracy of the performance and cost model has been observed to be 98.6% and 98.2% respectively.

The Use and Efficacy of FFR-CT: Real-World Multicenter Audit of Clinical Data With Cost Analysis

BackgroundFractional flow reserve–computed tomography (FFR-CT) is endorsed by UK and U.S. chest pain guidelines, but its clinical effectiveness and cost benefit in real-world practice are unknown. ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to audit the use of FFR-CT in clinical practice against England’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance and assess its diagnostic accuracy and cost. MethodsA multicenter audit was undertaken covering the 3 years when FFR-CT was centrally funded in England. For coronary computed tomographic angiograms (CCTAs) submitted for FFR-CT analysis, centers provided data on symptoms, CCTA and FFR-CT findings, and subsequent management. Audit standards included using FFR-CT only in patients with stable chest pain and equivocal stenosis (50%-69%). Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated against invasive FFR, when performed. Follow-up for nonfatal myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality was undertaken. The cost of an FFR-CT strategy was compared to alternative stress imaging pathways using cost analysis modeling. ResultsA total of 2,298 CCTAs from 12 centers underwent FFR-CT analysis. Stable chest pain was the main symptom in 77%, and 40% had equivocal stenosis. Positive and negative predictive values of FFR-CT were 49% and 76%, respectively. A total of 46 events (2%) occurred over a mean follow-up period of 17 months; FFR-CT (cutoff: 0.80) was not predictive. The FFR-CT strategy costs £2,102 per patient compared with an average of £1,411 for stress imaging. ConclusionsIn clinical practice, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence criteria for using FFR-CT were met in three-fourths of patients for symptoms and 40% for stenosis. FFR-CT had a low positive predictive value, making its use potentially more expensive than conventional stress imaging strategies.

Sustainable Cost Optimisation Measures for The Lifecycle of Tolled Highway Projects in Malaysia

The implementation and maintenance of highway infrastructure often requires significant capital throughout its life cycle which affects stakeholders including the government, developers, operators, users, etc. Furthermore, the sustainability aspect and existing toll systems in Malaysia are currently in the midst of being re-evaluated in order to attain a long-term gain that benefits both road users and relevant stakeholders. The objective of this study is to propose a Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) model for sustainable highway projects in Malaysia which considers certain cost optimisation measures throughout the stages of concept, design, construction, and operation & maintenance. The proposed LCCA model intends to act as a cost optimisation tool that provides sustainability recommendations for toll systems, highway alignments, pavement maintenance and rehabilitation, existing policies, contract and project type, material, equipment, time-cost factor, etc. Additionally, a relationship between the financial efficiency of toll systems and the affect it has on the overall cost of highway projects was established. The significance of cost pertaining to highway infrastructure components and the perception of toll systems was evaluated via a survey questionnaire; distributed to a select group of senior and principal engineers. The survey utilised a 5-point Likert scale which assisted in forming a regression analysis along with determining a correlation between toll systems and the overall cost of highway projects. Secondary data obtained from a reputable consultancy aided in understanding highway components that could potentially undergo further cost optimisation. Lastly, the sustainable and cost optimised LCCA model consists of recommendations and measures intended for a new age of sustainable highway projects in Malaysia.

Formation of Coordinated Alliance for China Railway Express Platforms Considering Logistics Cost Sharing

Lack of coordination, mutual independence and disorderly competition among China Railway Express platforms gives rise to high logistics costs; in contrast, horizontal collaboration could form a pool of logistics resources with a scale effect to effectively reduce operating costs. This paper presents a methodology to build a coordinated alliance of China Railway Express platforms in a cost-sharing model. A hybrid approach is proposed, using the gravity model of cross-border logistics, variable-weighted Shapley value, cargo volume decision-making model, and cross-border logistics cost analysis model. Seven China Railway Express platforms in southwest China: Chengdu, Chongqing, Guiyang, Kunming, Liuzhou, Nanning and Zunyi, are selected as examples for empirical analysis. The results demonstrate that alliance is an effective way to control costs, however, issues of railway connectivity can lead to deflection of the optimal alliance and insufficient capacity can affect the stability of the alliance.

The economic impact of anastomotic leak after colorectal cancer surgery

ObjectiveTo determine the economic impact of the incremental consumption of resources for the diagnosis and treatment of anastomotic leak (AL) in patients after resection with anastomosis for colorectal cancer compared to patients without AL on the Spanish health system.MethodThis study included a literature review with parameters validated by experts and the development of a cost analysis model to estimate the incremental resource consumption of patients with AL versus those without. The patients were divided into three groups: 1) colon cancer (CC) with resection, anastomosis and AL; 2) rectal cancer (RC) with resection, anastomosis without protective stoma and AL; and 3) RC with resection, anastomosis with protective stoma and AL.ResultsThe average total incremental cost per patient was €38,819 and €32,599 for CC and RC, respectively. The cost of AL diagnosis per patient was €1018 (CC) and €1030 (RC). The cost of AL treatment per patient in Group 1 ranged from €13,753 (type B) to €44,985 (type C + stoma), that in Group 2 ranged from €7348 (type A) to €44,398 (type C + stoma), and that in Group 3 ranged from €6197 (type A) to €34,414 (type C). Hospital stays represented the highest cost for all groups. In RC, protective stoma was found to minimize the economic consequences of AL.ConclusionsThe appearance of AL generates a considerable increase in the consumption of health resources, mainly due to an increase in hospital stays. The more complex the AL, the higher the cost associated with its treatment.Interest of the studyit is the first cost-analysis study of AL after CR surgery based on prospective, observational and multicenter studies, with a clear, accepted and uniform definition of AL and estimated over a period of 30 days.

Final Efficacy and Cost Analysis of a Fish Skin Graft vs Standard of Care in the Management of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Introduction. DFUs remain a cause of significant morbidity. Objective. This is the third of 3 planned articles reporting on a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial evaluating the use of omega-3–rich acellular FSG compared with CAT in the management of DFUs. Materials and Methods. A total of 102 patients with a DFU (n = 51 FSG, n = 51 CAT) participated in the trial as ITT candidates, with 77 of those patients included in the PP analysis (n = 43 FSG, n = 34 CAT). Six months after treatment, patients with healed ulcers were followed up for ulcer recurrence. A cost analysis model was applied in both treatment groups. Results. The proportion of closed wounds at 12 weeks was compared, as were the secondary outcomes of healing rate and mean PAR. Diabetic foot wounds treated with FSG were significantly more likely to achieve closure than those managed with CAT (ITT: 56.9% vs 31.4%; P =.0163). The mean PAR at 12 weeks was 86.3% for FSG vs 64.0% for CAT (P =.0282). Conclusions. Treatment of DFUs with FSG resulted in significantly more wounds healed and an annualized cost savings of $2818 compared with CAT.

Research on Civil Engineering Cost Prediction Based on Decision Tree Algorithm

Civil engineering includes not only all engineering construction on the ground, but also the maintenance, exploration and design of equipment and materials used in the whole construction process. During the construction of civil engineering, there is no scientific and reasonable supervision system for the supervision of construction, which greatly affects the quality of engineering and the control and management of engineering cost. In this paper, through the application of DT (Decision tree) algorithm, the research of civil engineering cost prediction is carried out. Aiming at the application of the algorithm in civil engineering cost management, this paper tries to improve the C4.5 algorithm. DT civil engineering life-cycle cost analysis and prediction model is trained by training set, and the optimal result of civil engineering life-cycle cost analysis is obtained by inputting sample data for model prediction. The application results show that the above algorithm has lower computational complexity and higher prediction efficiency in civil engineering cost prediction, which can better meet the needs of actual civil engineering cost analysis and prediction.

ANFIS Model for Cost Analysis in a Dual Source Multi-Destination System

Managers face uncertainties while making allocation decisions, especially in dual or multi-source multi-destination inventory systems. Regrettably, many studies focus on classical methods as a technique for product distribution, which has never guaranteed a satisfactory solution. Real-life problems are non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-hard), and solving such problems is relatively challenging. Such complicated problems need an efficient and robust computational hybrid algorithm. This study emphasises the need for a hybrid intelligent technique for effective product distribution. Soft computing hybrid algorithm, ANFIS was applied to product distribution in a double source multi-destination system. Rules were developed from available input datasets. Distributing products from dual manufacturing plants to fifteen available depots using the creative algorithm resulted in an overall 13.5% decrease in cost compared to the existing method adopted by the company. The result showed that the proposed method is relatively satisfactory and adequate for cost modelling. In addition, it is easy to use and outperforms the classical approach.

Site planning and selection of hydrogen refueling stations considering the life cycle and demand uncertainty

A life-cycle cost analysis model for hydrogen refueling stations (HRS) has been established, considering initial investment and operational stage hydrogen supply chain costs.

Comparative Analysis of Server and Serverless Cloud Computing Platforms Vladyslav Kotyk, Yevhenii Vavruk

Cloud computing is emerging as a powerful computing paradigm for the efficient use of resources. However, decisions to move to cloud computing always remain risky from the customer's point of view, considering the benefits they get from it. Existing research on cloud computing is more focused on technical aspects such as security, quality, efficiency, etc. However, research on the implementation of cloud computing is at an early stage. Thus, in this article, an attempt is made to create a model for cost analysis and advantages for deciding on the application of cloud computing. It takes into account various organizational parameters, designing server and serverless architectures using Microsoft Azure Portal cloud platform services and policies of this organization. Also, it makes a comparative characterization of these services according to power and price criteria. A comparative description of these services according to capacity and price criteria is also given. It shows the structure of the test tool for assessment. Evaluation parameters and metrics are defined. In addition, this article contains information about approaches to evaluating cloud platforms according to various criteria that are most important for a developer.

A Life Cycle Cost Analysis Model of Goods Movement for the Gulf Cooperation Council Region

A Life Cycle Cost Analysis Model of Goods Movement for the Gulf Cooperation Council Region