Corrosion Inhibition Of Carbon Steel Research Articles

Exploring green and efficient zero-dimensional carbon-based inhibitors for carbon steel: From performance to mechanism

Metal corrosion results in significant economic losses and poses potential safety problems. Graphene oxide (GO) is an innovative and effective corrosion inhibitor but suffers from a laborious and financially burdensome post-modification. Herein, zero-dimensional carbon-based graphene quantum dots without and with N doping (namely, GQDs and NGQDs) were synthesized without any post-modification, and innovatively served as a novel green, efficient corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel. Crucially, their inhibition mechanism and the inhibiting enhancement mechanism induced by N incorporation was comprehensively revealed. The results showed that in stark contrast to GO, GQDs and NGQDs without post-treatment possessed smaller sizes, much better monodispersity, and higher water solubility. And they displayed a remarkable inhibition efficiency (η) for carbon steel, which was comparable to the modified GO. Specifically, GQDs exhibited an η of 83.32% at a concentration of 200 mg/L, while NGQDs achieved an even higher η of 89.25%. As evidenced by the corrosion morphology investigation, adsorption isotherm analysis, and theoretical calculation, the inhibition mechanism of GQDs and NGQDs was attributed to their physical and chemical adsorption on the steel surface, hindering metal dissolution of the anode and hydrogen evolution of the cathode. Innovatively, density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulation elucidated the positive impact of N doping on the inhibition performance of NGQDs. That was N doping endowed NGQDs with better charge-donating ability, leading to stronger adsorption on the steel substrate than GQDs. This study not only contributed to addressing a critical need in the industry by presenting a viable environmentally friendly, low-cost, and efficient corrosion inhibitor, but also provided new insights for the development of corrosion inhibition theory.

An exploratory assessment supported by experimental and modeling approaches for dinitrophenylhydrazine compound as a potent corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric acid solution

Comprehensive electrochemical and theoretical investigations were conducted to assess the effectiveness of 2, 4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel (CS) immersed in a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. The results demonstrated significant corrosion inhibition efficiency of DNPH, reaching an impressive rate of 88 % at a concentration of 10−3 M. Polarization analysis revealed DNPH's role as a mixed-type inhibitor. Furthermore, the study elucidated that DNPH adsorption on the CS surface followed the Langmuir adsorption model, with a mechanism attributed to specific physical interactions. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations of both treated and untreated samples confirmed DNPH's efficacy in protecting carbon steel in a 0.5 M H2SO4 environment. Quantum chemical calculations using Density Functional Theory (DFT) parameters, in conjunction with molecular dynamics simulations, provided theoretical data strongly correlated with experimental results.

Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel in Chloride-Acetate Solution and Stratal Water by Nitrogen-Containing Compounds

Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel in Chloride-Acetate Solution and Stratal Water by Nitrogen-Containing Compounds

Nickel-bipyridine-benzoic acid ternary complex: A new corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic medium

Nickel-bipyridine-benzoic acid ternary complex: A new corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic medium

Coconut coir dust extract as a novel green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in the chloride-contaminated concrete pore solution

The potential of coconut coir dust to inhibit corrosion, especially the pitting of rebars in concrete was tapped by electrochemical techniques. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and linear polarization results show that both deionized water and ethanol extracts of coconut coir dust can slow down corrosion development by forming a protective film even after long-term exposure to chloride and the latter performs better and is more stable. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization results further show that ethanol extract at a concentration of 0.1 g/L can significantly delay the initiation of pitting. This inhibitor has exhibited the highest inhibition efficiency, which can be sustained at over 90 % even after six months of immersion in solutions with high chloride concentration, but increasing the concentration of the inhibitor does not result in any additional improvement in its efficiency. Critical chloride concentration for corrosion initiation prediction and corrosion resistance evaluation was also discussed.

Dopamine functionalized graphene oxide (DGO) as a corrosion inhibitor against X60 carbon steel corrosion in a simulated acidizing environment; An electrochemical, weight loss, SERS, and computational study

This study examines the effectiveness of dopamine-functionalized graphene oxide (DGO) as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in a 15 % HCl solution simulating an oilfield acidizing corrosive environment. Experimental electrochemical and weight loss techniques were used for the evaluation, complemented by surface analytical methods such as FTIR, SEM/EDS, and AFM. The influence of temperature on the performance of the inhibitor was also studied. The adsorption behavior of DGO at different concentrations was studied using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Computational tools were also used to understand the mode of adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the steel surface and the nature of the interaction between the silver nanoparticles used in the SERS study and the inhibitor molecules. DGO showed a maximum inhibition efficiency of over 85 % at room temperature at the optimum concentration of 5 ppm as observed in the weight loss and electrochemical studies. The inhibitor behaved like a mixed-type according to the PDP measurement and obeyed the Langmuir adsorption theory. SEM/EDS, AFM, and FTIR analyses of the steel surface after 24 h of immersion in the test solution confirmed the adsorption of the inhibitor on the steel surface to form a protective layer that protects the steel from aggressive attack by corrosive media. The intensity of SERS showed a strong correlation with the electrochemical and weight loss results. Computational analysis revealed that the primary adsorption mechanism of DGO molecules on the carbon steel surface involves the bonding between the steel surface and the aromatic rings of the GO component. This research is significant as it addresses two major environmental issues: corrosion and waste disposal using GO derived from waste graphite powder. The SERS technique used in this study has the potential to serve as a sensor to monitor the dynamic adsorption of corrosion inhibitors irrespective of the type of metal.

Modified nano-lignin as a novel biomass-derived corrosion inhibitor for enhanced corrosion resistance of carbon steel

Methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloric modified nano-lignin corrosion inhibitor (DMC-NL) is prepared and firstly applied as a novel biomass-derived corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in HCl solution. Nanosizing and modification processes can enhance its anticorrosion ability, the corrosion inhibition efficiency increases with additive amount and can reach 95.3 ± 0.9% for 15 mg/L. DMC-NL is belonging to the mixed-type corrosion inhibitor and its anti-corrosion ability gradually increases with immersion time. The dense film with two-tier structure forms on metal surface by interactions between N and Fe atoms. This work provides the new insight and opportunity of development of biomass-derived eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor.

Structure-performance relations of thio-alcohols and their synergistic corrosion inhibition for carbon steel in CO2-saturated solution

Corrosion of carbon steel in CO2-containing brine solutions is a major issue in the oil and gas industry. In this study, comparison of different structure thio-alcohols, dithiothreitol (DTT) and mercaptoethanol (ME), in synergism with oleic imidazoline (IM) for inhibiting corrosion of carbon steel in CO2-saturated oil/brine solution was investigated. The corrosion inhibition effect and mechanism of the mixed corrosion inhibitors (IM-DTT and IM-ME) were assessed using weight loss, electrochemical techniques, surface characterizations and theoretical simulations. The results demonstrate that DTT have better synergism with IM than that of ME in corrosion inhibition. IM-DTT is co-adsorbed forms a highly hydrophobic inhibition film on the specimen surface, which exhibits high stability and film persistency. DTT is preferentially adsorbs on the steel surface through S atoms, followed by the adsorption of IM through N atoms. The co-adsorbed film becomes denser due to hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions between IM and DTT molecule.

Insight into interfacial adsorption and inhibition mechanism of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx extract as high-efficient corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic solution

Aconitum carmichaelii Debx, which comes from the buttercup plant, is a common herbal remedy. Its main components have the potential to be employed as corrosion inhibitors. In this work, the corrosion inhibition properties of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx extract on carbon steel in acidic solution were investigated for the first time. Its inhibitive effect was assessed by electrochemical methods and surface characterization. It is confirmed that the inhibitive effect of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx extract exhibited outstanding corrosion inhibition efficiency of 98.1 % at 200 mg/L, which is more than many of the reported plant extracts in the literature. It is also found that the Aconitum carmichaelii Debx extract exhibits a good inhibition stability, with the inhibition efficiency of 98.9 % after 72 h exposure. In addition, theoretical calculations were performed to further investigate the adsorption mechanism of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx extract on carbon steel surface. GFN-xTB (Geometries, Frequencies, Noncovalent interactions eXtended Tight Binding) calculations reveal that the main chemical compositions of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx (1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol (MTD), 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol (HTD)) could adsorb on the steel surface through the O and N atoms. Therefore, Aconitum carmichaelii Debx extract, with good inhibition efficiency and convenient extraction process, is expected to be a new type of industrial corrosion inhibitor, thus promoting the development of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors in plant extract products.

Investigation of the mechanisms and adsorption of a new pyrazole derivative against corrosion of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution: Experimental methods and theoretical calculations

In an electrolyte of hydrochloric acid (1 M HCl) at 303 K, the effectiveness of the pyrazole derivative N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis((3,5-dimethyl-1 H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)pyridine-2,6-diamine (PRPD) as a corrosion inhibitor was examined. Several experimental methods, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), surface morphology analysis (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), AFM, contact angle (CA), FTIR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–visible, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), were used to conduct the measurements. To support these experimental findings, we use theoretical calculations such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The achieved findings manifested that the PRPD behaves as a powerful corrosion inhibitor, achieving an anti-corrosion performance of 97.2% at 0.001 M. The PDP technique suggests that PRPD is part of a mixed-type inhibitor. The PRPD molecules are chemisorbed at the carbon steel (CS) surface in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm model. On the ground of surface analysis, the build-up of an adsorptive layer inhibitor on the steel surface has been verified. DFT and MD simulation analyses have validated the experimental findings. These results contribute to the creation of successful corrosion control methods by providing insightful information about the inhibition of carbon steel corrosion in a 1 M HCl environment.

Experimental, surface and theoretical investigations of a new benzodiazepine derivative designed for corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in 15% hydrochloric acid medium under hydrodynamic environment

The prime objective of the present research is to explore the green synthesis of benzodiazepine derivative (BDZ) using the microwave irradiation method and its application as a novel corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 15 % HCl under hydrodynamic condition at 1500 rpm. The performance ability of BDZ rises from 42.35 % (without BDZ) to 93.41 % (with BDZ). The BDZ depicted the cathodic inhibitive nature. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) changes from 41.9 Ω cm−1 to 313 Ω cm−1 with the falling of double layer capacitance (Cdl) from 92.1 μF cm−2 to 45.2 μF cm−2 on the introduction of BDZ supports the adsorption of BDZ molecules at the active sites of the carbon steel surface. The molecular adsorption of BDZ is governed by Temkin isotherm. The results of the surface analysis support the creation of an inhibitive layer of BDZ over the carbon steel surface. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Molecular Dynamic simulations (MD) calculations were further performed to justify the experimental results. Molecular docking was used to analyze the BDZ and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) protein interaction.

An investigation on the utilization of a synthesized benzodiazepine derivative as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric solution: Chemical and electrochemical synthesis, surface analysis (SEM/AFM), DFT and MC simulation

The goal of this research is to investigate the corrosion inhibiting properties of a synthesized benzodiazepine derivative, 4-methyl-1,2-dihydro-3 H-benzo[b] [1,4] diazepin-3-one (MHBZO), in 0.5 M H2SO4 medium. Weight loss measures (WL), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the MHBZO molecule. The organic molecule exhibits an interesting and effective anti-corrosion properties, with a maximum inhibitory efficacy (IE%) of 93.07% at 10−3 M. According to the results of the PDP, MHBZO operates as a mixed-type inhibitor. The temperature influence demonstrates that MHBZO is chemisorbed on CS. As the isotherm appears to fit the Langmuir model, MHBZO is monolayer adsorbed on the CS surface. The growth of a barrier film restricting the accessibility of corrosive ions into the CS surface is revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), resulting in a smooth protected surface. Theoretical investigations were carried out to back up the experimentally obtained results.

Dried Clove Leaf as Corrosion Inhibitor for Medium Carbon Steel in Acidic Media

Medium carbon steel is a widely used steel variant known for its susceptibility to mechanical property degradation due to corrosion. In order to decrease the corrosion rate of medium carbon steel, various protective measures are employed such as the addition of inhibitors. Dried Clove Leaf (DCL) extract was extracted and applied as an inhibitor for medium carbon steel AISI 1040 in different acidic environments. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was conducted to analyze the compounds present in the clove leaf extract. Subsequently, corrosion rate and inhibitor efficiency were assessed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the clove leaf inhibitor. The parameters under this research included varying inhibitor concentrations for 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and acidic media using HCl and H2SO4. The successful extraction of DCL was confirmed by the presence of a C=C bond in the FTIR results, occurring at wavenumbers ranging from 1638 to 1514 cm-1, indicative of the presence of benzene rings corresponding to eugenol (a phenolic component). The inhibitor exhibited remarkable efficiency, reaching its peak at 96.51% when used with HCl media at a DCL concentration of 15%. This high efficiency is notably reflected in the significant reduction of the corrosion rate from 352.96 mpy to 12.31 mpy in the presence of HCl media.

Synthesis, Characterization and Corrosion study of new Copolymers

Two new copolymers (T1, T2) were prepared, namely (Undecyl acrylate). (Pentadecyl acrylate). With (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) .The prepared compounds were identified by (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, CHN).The copolymers were study as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in (HCl) solution (1M) where the corrosion rate was measured by weight loss method. The weight loss measured indicate that the copolymers (T1, T2) were prevent and efficiently (93.3,97.3%) corrosion of inhibitors respectively at a time (2 h), concentration (1M) and a temperature of 30 °C.

Corrosion mitigation of peanut shell extract as a novel effective corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric acid medium

The extract of peanut shell extract (PSE) is firstly utilized as a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for the mitigation of corrosion on carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid medium. The corrosion inhibition performance and adsorption properties of PSE were researched via weight loss, electrochemical measurements and surface characterization analysis. It is demonstrated that the PSE acts as a mixed type inhibitor with a superb inhibition ability of 95 % with the addition of 300 mg/L PSE. The adsorption of the active ingredients in PSE on steel surface contributes to effective corrosion inhibition. The outstanding inhibition efficiency and straightforward extraction method with environment-friendly solvent convincingly demonstrate that the PSE possesses promising application prospects to be a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor in industrial corrosion mitigation.

Electrochemical Study of Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel During Oil/Water Intermittent Wetting

Application of corrosion inhibitors in production systems containing oil and water is an economic method to protect carbon steel against internal corrosion. This study investigates how intermittent oil/water wetting of such a steel surface, simulating multiphase flow phenomena, impacts corrosion inhibition in exploration-production (high salinity with CO2) and refinery (low salinity without CO2) environments. The employed corrosion inhibitor was a pyrimidinium-type model compound, its effectiveness against corrosion being characterized using linear polarization resistance measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Experimental results demonstrated that the presence of an aliphatic oil promotes corrosion inhibition in the exploration production condition, but failed to do so in the refinery condition. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed two different protection mechanisms in the presence of oil between the two environments. The inhibitor layer in refinery condition with oil was different from in the simulated exploration production environment after oil wetting. Results also demonstrated that the inhibitor in this study was physically adsorbed on the surface steel via electrostatic attraction. Anions, identified as chloride ions, played a critical role in inhibitor adsorption.

Exploring the mechanisms of eco-friendly pyridinium ionic liquids for corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in saline mediums: Unveiling deeper understanding through experimental and computational approaches

Addressing the ongoing issue of carbon steel corrosion, this study evaluates the corrosion inhibition performance of two eco-friendly pyridinium-based ionic liquids, 4-(dimethylamino)-1-nonylpyridin-1-ium Bromide (4DMN) and 4-(dimethylamino)-1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)pyridin-1-ium Iodide (4DMP), in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Weight loss tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), quantum chemical calculations (QCCs), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to carried out experimental and theoretical studies. Both 4DMN and 4DMP showed concentration-dependent inhibitory effects with 94 % and 92 % effectiveness, respectively. Potentiodynamic data showed that these compounds control both anodic and cathodic reactions without changing the corrosion mechanism. EIS results indicated a decrease in double-layer capacitance, suggesting adsorption of IL molecules on steel surface. Over a 60-h period, 4DMN maintained its effectiveness, although it decreased at higher temperatures. Surface analyses using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) showed improvements in surface morphology and roughness. Computational studies supported these findings, showing the reactivity and adsorption patterns of the ILs on the Fe (110) surface. Overall, this study contributes to understanding how pyridinium-based ILs can be used for effective and sustainable corrosion control.

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl by pyrazolone-sulfonamide hybrids: synthesis, characterization, and evaluation

Carbon steel is widely used in the petroleum industry for pipelines, storage tanks, and equipment due to its mechanical properties, and strength. However, challenges such as environmental conditions and corrosive materials can affect its lifespan and require maintenance and repair. This work aimed to prepare pyrazalone-sulfonamide hybrids, and confirmed by mass spectra, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. These compounds were examined as mild steel corrosion inhibitors in 1 M HCl solutions at 298–323 K using the gravimetric technique, electrochemical measurements, scanning electronic microscope analysis, and quantum chemical calculations. The values of inhibitory efficiency identified by electrochemical and non-electrochemical techniques exhibit good agreement. At various temperatures and in the 50 to 500 ppm concentration range. During the adsorption process, these substances connect to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Some adsorption isotherm and kinetic parameters have been developed and discussed. The metal surface had a thin inhibitory protective layer, according to investigations using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). These findings demonstrated the potential of pyrazolone-sulfonamide as effective organic corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel.

Synthesis and Characterization of New Polymeric Ionic Liquids as Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel in a Corrosive Medium: Experimental, Spectral, and Theoretical Studies.

A novel series of polymeric ionic liquids (ILs) based on benzimidazolium chloride derivatives, namely, 1,3-diheptyl-2-(2-phenyl-propyl)-3H-benzimidazol-1-ium chloride (IL1), 1,3-dioctyl-2-(2-phenyl-propyl)-3H-benzimidazol-1-ium chloride (IL2), and 1,3-Bis-decyl-2-(2-phenyl-propyl)-3H-benzoimidazol-1-ium chloride (IL3), were synthesized and chemically elucidated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. Their influence as corrosion suppressors were investigated for C-steel corrosion in 1 M HCl, by weight loss (WL), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods, revealing that their exclusive addition decreased corrosion with mounting concentrations. These assays demonstrated that novel ILs are efficient inhibitors at relatively low dosages. The efficacy of the synthesized ILs reached 79.7, 92.2 and 96.9%, respectively, at 250 ppm and 303 K. Parameters for activation and adsorption were calculated and are discussed. The Tafel polarization results demonstrated that the investigated ILs support the suppression of both cathodic and anodic reactions, acting as mixed type inhibitors. Langmuir's adsorption isotherm was confirmed as the best fitted isotherm, describing the physical-chemical adsorption capability of used ILs on the C-steel surface with the change in the free energy of adsorption, ΔG°ads = 32.6-37.2 kJ mol-1. The efficacy of the synthesized ILs was improved by increasing the doses, and the temperature reached 86.6, 96.1, and 98.4%, respectively, at 318 K. Surface morphology was proved by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and then, changes in test solutions were checked by Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Theoretical modeling (density functional theory and Monte Carlo) revealed the correlation between the IL's molecular chemical structure and its anticorrosive property.

Chemical, electrochemical and morphology studies of three di-cationic amphiphiles and their applications: Corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in formation water during gas and oil production and as broad antimicrobial agents against standard microbial strains

In the present work, the previously synthesized di-cationic amphiphiles surfactants have displayed an excellent surface attitude in formation water, according to surface tension findings. The three di-cationic amphiphiles surfactants (CSI, CSII, and CSIII) were tested as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel (CS) in the formation water during gas and oil production using weight loss (WL), Tafel polarization (TP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and surface morphology using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The obtained results demonstrated that the di-cationic amphiphiles surfactants are good corrosion inhibitors in the formation water.As the concentration of the inhibitors increased, the effectiveness of the dissuasion increased. The Tafel polarization results showed that, corrosion current densities (icorr) decreased whereas inhibition effecenicy (ηp) increased as the inhibitor concentration increased. EIS results showed that, the constant phase element (CPE) values decreased and the polarization resistance (RP) values increased with increasing the inhibitor concentrations. SEM & AFM photos exhibited a good CS surface in presence of the CSI, CSII & CSIII in opposite of the absence of them. Furthermore, the three di-cationic amphiphiles surfactants (CSI, CSII, and CSIII) were applied as broad antimicrobial agents against standard microbial strains (bacterial and candida strains). Results demonstrated a great broad antimicrobial activity of the three di-cationic amphiphiles surfactants with a zone of inhibitions ranging from (15–30) mm for the bacterial strains and (25–30) mm for the candida standard stain in comparison to the positive control antimicrobial agents. Moreover, the CSI, CSII & CSIII have displayed the highest antibacterial efficiency against the Gram-positive (27–30 mm) than the Gram-negative bacterial strains (15–19 mm).