Correctional Institutions Research Articles

Model for Coaching Terrorist Convicts in Increasing Legal Awareness Based on Progressive Law

Prisoners in cases of criminal acts of terrorism in correctional institutions (prisons) do not receive maximum legal awareness or national and state awareness. Guidance is carried out only to relieve obligations for correctional guardians, community counselors and other related agencies. This training does not have much influence on legal awareness programs national and state awareness for terrorist prisoners, so many still do not recognize the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The aim of this research is to analyze the ideal model for developing terrorist prisoners in Indonesian Correctional Institutions in realizing progressive-based legal awareness. The research methodology uses a sociolegal approach which emphasizes the social phenomena that occur. The social phenomena in question are the principles and thoughts of terrorist prisoners and guidance officers related to the implementation of punishment and the guidance process carried out in prisons. The findings show that the development of legal awareness, national and state awareness by correctional guardians, community counselors, and Densus 88 Polri is not running using a planned and structured program. Coaching is only carried out based on the experience of the actors, so the impact produced by the coaching is not very successful in the program. The coaching program is to create a coaching model with prisons as the coaching center by involving the Ministry, non-governmental organizations and other stakeholders.

The Influence of Leadership on the Performance of Employees in Karawang Class Iia Correctional Institution

This study examines the relationship between leadership and employee performance in Karawang Class IIA Correctional Institution. The research method involved descriptive analysis to understand leadership and employee performance in the institution, and verifiative analysis to quantify the impact of leadership on employee performance. Primary and secondary data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature review. The hypothesis tested whether leadership influences employee performance in the institution. Statistical methods including Simple Linear Regression, Correlation Coefficient, and Coefficient of Determination were utilized through the IBM SPSS application program. The findings revealed a Coefficient of Determination (KD) value of 0.45, indicating a significant influence of leadership on employee performance at Karawang Class IIA Correctional Institution.

Bodies of the State Criminal Enforcement Service of Ukraine in the system of entities protecting the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens

The article examines the bodies of the State Criminal Enforcement Service of Ukraine in the system of entities protecting the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens based on a comprehensive systemic analysis of current legislation.
 The object of the study is the legal relations formed during the implementation of the State Criminal Enforcement Service of Ukraine in the context of protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens. The subject is normative-legal acts regulating the activities of the bodies and institutions of the DKVS in the field of protection of rights and freedoms of persons who are in places of deprivation of liberty, as well as the practice of their application. The methodological basis consists of methods: formal and logical analysis of the conceptual apparatus; system analysis; comparative legal analysis - to identify gaps in the legal regulation of the activities of the DKVS. It is noted that personal dignity and personal inviolability, not being the objects of criminal punishment, are actually limited when the deprivation of liberty is carried out, but these issues are not sufficiently reflected in the legislation. Such a situation does not correspond to the spirit and requirements of the rule of law. The functions of the State Criminal Enforcement Service of Ukraine are considered. It is indicated that in the legal institution of restrictions on the rights of persons serving sentences in correctional institutions, there are no necessary logical transitions from the norms of international and constitutional law to the norms of the criminal-legal complex, and within its limits from the norms of criminal law to criminal-executive law. The activity of the DKVS of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine serves the main purpose - the execution of criminal punishments, and its most important functions are related and based on the implementation of the main means of dealing with offenders, such as regime, work, education. The effectiveness of the mentioned activity directly depends on ensuring the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of persons who are in the sphere of activity of the DKVS.

ASSESSMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS OF CONVICTS’ LABOR ADAPTATION IN PENITENTIARY INSTITUTIONS OF VARIOUS TYPES

Currently, due to the social orientation of convicts' work, the study of the organizational and administrative features of their labor adaptation in various types of correctional institutions is relevant, and its results are of practical importance for substantiating measures to improve the sphere of penitentiary employment. In this regard, the article analyzes the results of a questionnaire survey of convicts held in open and semi-open penitentiary institutions on the example of colonies-settlements and correctional colonies of strict regime, which was conducted by the author in accordance with the purpose of the study. The choice of the investigated correctional institutions and the volume of the sample population are justified. The main attention is paid to the problems of organizing the work of convicts in the correctional institutions under consideration and the role of employees in this process, the working conditions of convicts, the degree of satisfaction with the work performed, and the peculiarities of their attitude to employment in the post-penitentiary period. Some measures are proposed to improve the content and organizational aspects of the activities of correctional institutions to adapt to the work of persons held in them.

Impacts of Justice Collaborator Revocation from Prisoner Remissions for Extraordinary Crimes in Class 1 Correctional Facilities in Tangerang

The elimination of Justice Collaborator as a requirement for an Extraordinary Crime convict to obtain sentence reduction or remission, in accordance with the provisions stated in the Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation Number 7 of 2022, which amends the Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation Number 3 of 2018 regarding the requirements and procedures for granting sentence reduction, has changed the mechanism for granting remission to prisoners at Class 1 Tangerang Correctional Institution, both in terms of administrative and subjective requirements. This change has both positive and negative impacts on the existing regulations. The research methodology employed is empirical legal research, as it relates to the effectiveness of the law. The recommendations obtained are related to communication, education, and transparency regarding the implementation of Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation Number 7 of 2022 at Class 1 Tangerang Correctional Institution, in order to be accepted and understood by the inmates, their families, and relevant stakeholders

The Unintended Effects of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) in a Maximum-Security Prison for Women: Weaponization, Bullying, and Compulsory Heterosexuality

Research on the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) has overwhelmingly focused on male correctional institutions, neglecting female ones. Sexual violence is also of concern within female prisons, and the need arises to understand whether PREA is achieving the goal of eradicating sexual misconduct in prisons housing women, or if the policy is having unintended effects. Based on results from surveys collected from women (N = 369) incarcerated in a Southeastern U.S. prison, both positive and negative aspects of the act were cited. In terms of the former, the legislation resulted in improvements to prison climate, yet for negatives, participants noted how PREA was being weaponized by staff and peers against other incarcerated women via false allegations. Policy implications are discussed.

Language in Nigerian Correctional Education: Incarcerated Persons Speak

ABSTRACT Purpose Language, as an integral aspect of human interaction, plays a pivotal role in the reformation process within the correctional setting. Nigerian correctional centers consist of a diverse population of incarcerated individuals originating from various cultural backgrounds, each possessing distinct linguistic abilities and comprehension. However, a conspicuous gap in the literature remains concerning the language practices of instructors in Nigerian correctional education programs and the active participation of incarcerated individuals in shaping their own educational experiences. The present study investigates the complex dynamics of language utilization in the correctional education system, with a specific focus on the perspectives and experiences of convicted incarcerated individuals. Materials and methods The study gathered data from a sample of 20 convicted incarcerated individuals who were actively participating in correctional education programs, using semi-structured interviews as the primary method of data collection. Information on the various forms of language utilization within correctional institutions, the impact of language on the learning experiences of incarcerated individuals, and linguistic obstacles encountered in accessing high-quality education were thematically analyzed. Results The study revealed that formal language, technical language and everyday language are the various forms of language used in correctional centers. However, the form of language used by the instructor can make or mar the incarcerated person’s learning experience thereby defeating the main goal of correctional education. Discussion and conclusion Correctional educators should employ clear language to convey information. Insights into the influence of language on the rehabilitation of incarcerated individuals can inform the development of social work curricula.

Psychological Experience of Juvenile Offenders in Correctional Institutions: A Systematic Review Of Qualitative Studies

Juvenile delinquency is at a worrisome rate in every part of the world. The juvenile offenders themselves are in a vulnerable period of development while also living in the difficult situation of detainment. However, challenges that juvenile offenders face in correctional institutions, how they construct their reality about detainment as well as their mental health needs have not been widely addressed. Research on juvenile offenders’ psychological experiences is not sufficiently documented and expressed. Hence, much less attention or programs were directed to address these obstacles. This review aims to present the psychological experience of juvenile offenders in correctional institutions. The systematic review examined qualitative studies over a 10-year period that were published between 2012 and 2022 from five databases, resulting in 16 articles mostly indexed in SCOPUS. The study utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework and the narrative synthesis approach. Moreover, the findings provide empirical evidence that juvenile offenders’ psychological experiences (i.e., negative and positive emotions) are evident throughout their detainment, and interaction with staff and peers is crucial in defining it. Therefore, some of the challenges of living in correctional institutions include the feeling of boredom, strict regulations, and lack of care. Hence, education on adaptive coping, expanded vocational opportunities, and programs providing warmth, safety, and positive environments are crucial to rehabilitating offenders.

The Relationship of Nutritional Status and Energy Adequacy with the Work Productivity of Class I Kedungpane Semarang Penitentiary Employees

Employee productivity is very important for a company. Employees who have good productivity will produce high-quality products or services. Nutritional status and energy adequacy are one of the factors that affect employee productivity. Energy intake will be the main source of energy for employees to do work. The more adequate energy intake will make the nutritional status close to normal. Determine the relationship between nutritional status and energy adequacy with the work productivity of employees of Class I Correctional Institution Kedungpane Semarang. This type of research uses observational analytics with a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted at the Class I Penitentiary Kedungpane Semarang. The sampling technique is consecutive sampling of 70 employees. The data measured are nutritional status with anthropometric measurements consisting of employee weight and height, energy adequacy with a 3x24 hour food recall instrument, and work productivity using a 3-day work time record. The results of bivariate tests using the Gamma test showed that there was a relationship between nutritional status and work productivity (p = 0.000), and there was a relationship between energy adequacy and work productivity (p = 0.024). There is a relationship between nutritional status and energy adequacy with the work productivity of Class I Kedungpane Semarang Penitentiary employees.

Perceived anxiety and depression and associated factors among women inmates with a long-term sentence in Thailand.

In Thailand, the growing prevalence of mental health problems among the increasing number of adult female prisoners has emerged as a significant public health concern. However, studies on the health of women prisoners are primarily conducted in Western societies, and studies in other countries are rare. Thailand, a non-western country, is no exception to this. The objectives of this study were to assess the current levels of anxiety and depression among women drug offenders in Thailand and to identify possible associated factors. Data were collected from a sample consisting of 554 women drug offenders serving sentences of eight years or more. Stratified random sampling with proportionate stratification was employed during the data collection. The female inmates were being held in three categories of prisons: correctional institutions, central prisons, and provincial prisons. A single question was used to measure self-perceived levels of anxiety and depression: none, moderate, or substantial. Ordered logit regression was employed in the data analysis. One out of five (21.1%) of the inmates in the sample reported no perceived current anxiety and depression, 61.7% reported moderate anxiety and depression, and 17.1% reported having substantial perceived levels of anxiety and depression. It was found that chronic health conditions or disease, concerns about economic status, and feelings of shame were associated with the perceived anxiety and depression reported by the inmates. The study's findings suggest that integrated mental health services that emphasize a holistic approach that acknowledges the intersectionality of women's mental health and societal gender roles should be provided in prisons. Regular mental health screening and accessible mental health services are essential for all incarcerated women. Empowerment programs during confinement can boost self-esteem and thus lead to better post-release outcomes. The government should also implement programs to alleviate the financial burden on prisoners' households.

Association between the Big Five personality traits and suicide-related behaviors in Japanese institutionalized youths.

Inmates in correctional institutions experience higher rates of suicide attempt (SA), suicidal ideation (SI), and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) than the general population. This study aimed to examine the association between the Big Five personality traits and suicide-related behavior, and to estimate the prevalence rate of such behaviors among Japanese institutionalized youth. The participants were 436 youths who had been admitted to four juvenile classification homes (JCHs) between September 2021 and March 2023; they were asked to respond to a self-report questionnaire after obtaining informed consent. A total of 8.1% and 19.3%, 29.4% and 44.7%, and 46.3% and 75.3% of males and females had experienced SA, SI, and NSSI in their lifetime, respectively. Females reported significantly higher instances of suicide-related behaviors than males considering all suicide-related behaviors. Logistic regression analyses revealed that neuroticism significantly increased the odds ratios for SA, SI, and NSSI on controlling for sex, age, and number of admissions to JCHs. For NSSI, the odds ratio for agreeableness was significantly lower than 1, indicating a lower probability of NSSI. The findings of our study demonstrate that neuroticism, one of the Big Five traits, was consistently and significantly associated with all suicide-related behaviors, including SA, SI, and NSSI, among youth offenders, while agreeableness was found as a protective factor only against NSSI. The results of this study might help correctional officers identify justice-involved youth at higher risk for suicide and allow the development of early interventions to prevent suicide.

THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF RESIDIVITY DEVELOPMENT FOR INFORMED CITIZENS IN CILEGON CLASS II A COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS

The role of social institutions in the context of developing prisoners in prisons, especially Cilegon prisons, needs to be increased so that the Binaa residents, after they have finished serving as prisoners, when they are released, have truly become good human beings in the community. Both from a religious and moral perspective and obeying legal regulations. The aim of this research is to determine the role of Cilegon Prison in the context of developing citizens in Class II Cilegon Correctional Institutions. The research method uses a quantitative descriptive approach with data analysis using descriptive statistics. The instrument used in this research is the researcher, who acts as a "human instrument" to obtain the required data. The researchers used observation guidelines, interview guidelines, and questionnaires aimed at each data source, Head of Cilegon Prison, Residents of Cilegon Province Prison. Banten. From the results of research and discussions, it is clear that in the last 3 years the pattern of training inmates in Cilegon prisons has been successful with a significant reduction in criminal cases, especially general criminal cases, and a reduction in recidivists re-entering Cilegon Provincial prisons. Banten, where the consistent application of criminal law for repeat criminals with increased punishment and the provision of special treatment for recidivist prisoners, is expected to reduce the number of recidivist prisoners. In general, there is no difference in the mechanism for training ordinary prisoners and recidivist prisoners. The form of guidance for recidivist prisoners is more focused on independent activities, so that it is hoped that recidivists who have already committed crimes will no longer commit crimes and after leaving their sentence will be well received by the outside community

Comparative Analysis of Life Plans of Inmates of Different Regimes in Places of Deprivation of Liberty

The relevance of the research topic is due to the importance of studying and analyzing the life plans of prisoners in prison. The purpose of this study was a comparative analysis of the life plans of prisoners of different regimes (strict, general, colony-settlement). The study was conducted on the basis of correctional institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Ryazan region . It was attended by 118 male convicts serving sentences in various regimes (general, strict, penal colony). Methods. During the study, the following methods were used: observation, conversation, questioning, analysis of personal files, methods: “Self-assessment of life plans” by A. V. Naprisa (modified version of the “Self-Assessment of Orientation” test by V. G. Deev); “Time Perspective Questionnaire” by F. Zimbardo; “Time Attitude Scale” by J. Nuytten, V. Lensom; Questionnaire “Style of Explanation of Successes and Failures” (STONE-B) T.O. Gordeeva, Ye. N. Osina, V. Yu. Shevyakhova; “Vitality test” S. Maddi (adapted by D. A. Leontiev, Ye. I. Rasskazova); methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It has been established that convicts in colony settlements have the most constructive life plans . For general convicts and strict regimes requires the development of a psychocorrectional program that will allow them to realize the values of their life, model positive plans for the future, and admit guilt in the crime committed and become law-abiding citizens

РЕЗИЛЬЕНТНОСТЬ В МЕХАНИЗМЕ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ КРИМИНОГЕННОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ОСУЖДЕННЫХ С ПСИХИЧЕСКИМИ РАССТРОЙСТВАМИ, НЕ ИСКЛЮЧАЮЩИМИ ВМЕНЯЕМОСТИ

The article attempts to uncover the problem of taking into account the resilience (stability, viability, adaptability) of convicts with mental disorders that do not exclude sanity in the activities of correctional institutions. The analysis of statistical information from the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, scientific data, as well as the results of their own research, revealing the high prevalence of mental disorders of varying severity among those sentenced to imprisonment, as well as the criminogenic nature of the behavior of these persons, is presented. The need to take into account the resilience of the considered category of persons in the detail of correctional personnel performing medical, supervisory, operational, psychological, educational and other functions is emphasized. A set of signs is given indicating the key points of increasing the effectiveness of the prevention of criminogenic behavior and correcting this category of persons due to their resistance.

КОЛЛИЗИИ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА О РЕЖИМЕ ОСОБЫХ УСЛОВИЙ В УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ УГОЛОВНО-ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ

Based on the analysis of the provisions of normative legal acts (the Penal Code of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law «On the Detention of Suspects and Accused of committing Crimes», etc.), a number of conflicts of legislation regulating the application of the regime of special conditions in various institutions of the penal enforcement system (mainly in correctional institutions and pre-trial detention centers) are revealed. Attention is focused on the grounds for the introduction of a regime of special conditions in the institutions under consideration, the organization of their activities, the amount of restrictions imposed on detainees, the procedure for the introduction of a regime of special conditions. Separately, there is a lack of legislative regulation of the introduction of a regime of special conditions in correctional centers.

On Significant Violations of the Law that Influenced the Outcome of the Case

The paper examines debatable issues of content when considering in cassation proceedings caused by incorrect application of significant violations of the criminal law and significant violations of the criminal procedural law that influenced the outcome of the case. The types of violations of criminal and criminal procedural laws that are recognized by the courts as significant and influencing the outcome of the criminal case are shown. It is substantiated that the grounds established in the law for the court of cassation for canceling and changing a sentence that has entered into legal force do not contain any uncertainty and are interpreted uniformly by courts of general jurisdiction. Identifying significant violations of the criminal and criminal procedural law that influenced the outcome of the case, the cassation court is obliged to check if lower courts comply with the requirements of the criminal procedural law on establishing the factual circumstances of the criminal case, the requirements of the procedural form, the correct application of the criminal law when qualifying the actions of the defendant, the requirements of the criminal the law on the fairness of the imposed punishment, the correctness of resolving issues of compensation for damage caused by a crime, the correctness of determining the type and amount of punishment, the type and regime of a correctional institution, fulfillment of the requirements for a court decision, etc. It is concluded that checking the legality of a sentence or other court decision involves checking its validity, motivation and fairness, without which it is impossible to determine the correct application of criminal and criminal procedural law by the courts.

Гуманное воспитание как основа исправления: о съездах по проблеме детских правонарушений в Российской империи (вторая половина XIX – начало XX века)

By analysing historical sources, the study aims to shed light on the role of congresses of Russian correctional institutions’ representatives in the formation of humane education as the basis for the correction of juvenile offenders in Russian penal colonies in the second half of the 19th and the early 20th century. The paper analyzes the problem of juvenile delinquency in pre-revolutionary Russia, which is relevant to the history of pedagogy. The study is novel in that it is the first to present a detailed analysis of the activities of congresses of Russian correctional institutions’ representatives held to discuss significant issues on the education and correction of juvenile offenders. The authors note that the relevant problems of educational and correctional institutions for juvenile offenders were covered at the congresses. Based on the analysis of materials from the Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg, the activities of the Second Congress, held in 1884, are presented in detail. It is important to emphasize that such events provided an opportunity to solve problematic issues, which had a positive impact on the pedagogical process, making it most effective and efficient. As a result of the study, it was found that the material presented in this paper is important for pedagogical science. This is explained by the possibility of extrapolating from the experience of correctional institutions of the past to the practice of modern educational colonies for juvenile offenders. Based on the ideas of Russian teachers of the second half of the 19th and the early 20th century, the authors emphasize the need to apply educational retro-technologies in penitentiary practice at the present time, referring primarily to humane education as the basis for correcting children who have broken the law.

Analysis of the Satisfaction of Narcotics Residents with Services at Nunukan Class IIB Correctional Facility

This research aims to examine the satisfaction level of narcotics prisoners regarding the services provided at the Class IIB Nunukan Penitentiary. The research employs a qualitative research method, utilizing interview and literature review techniques. The data analysis technique utilized is qualitative data analysis, involving data presentation, data verification, data reduction, and the re-presentation of the reduced data. The results of the study indicate that inmates at Class IIB Nunukan Penitentiary are pleased with the caregiving and medical services that meet the standards of Law No. 12 of 1995. However, the service delivery faces hindrances such as budget constraints, inadequate facilities, limited transportation, and insufficient staff. Additionally, surveys and interviews reveal issues related to the non-objectivity and lack of empathy from officers, as well as insufficient communication between officers and inmates. Keywords: Satisfaction, Service, Prisoners, Correctional Institutions

НЕПОВИНОВЕНИЕ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЯМ АДМИНИСТРАЦИИ ИСПРАВИТЕЛЬНОГО УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ: ПРАВОВАЯ ПРИРОДА И ОТГРАНИЧЕНИЕ ОТ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ

The article examines the legal category of “disobedience to representatives of the administration of a correctional institution.” Group disobedience in the form of strikes, refusal to eat, and acts of autoaggression is analyzed. The article reveals the legal nature and role of the organizer of mass protest actions in places of detention, the causal relationship between the actions of the organizers and the behavior of active participants in malicious violations of punishment. A distinction is made between crimes and disciplinary offenses in the form of organizing groups of convicts aimed at disobeying the administration of a correctional institution and participating in such groups. It is concluded that in any form of legal disobedience there should be no violence or threat of its use, otherwise the illegal behavior of a person can be qualified as disorganization of the activities of institutions that ensure isolation from society.

"Human Rights in Nigerian Correctional Institutions: The Place of Social Workers"

Issues on human rights especially in correctional institutions have become the focus of international programs, policy makers, the general populace, researchers and conferences aimed at ensuring effective monitoring of its abuses. Human rights protect the essential attributes of human beings: needs, capacities and interests that if guaranteed respect their dignity as persons and if violated results in lives of desperation and diminishment. This study examines human rights in Nigeria correctional institutions. It also identified the roles of social workers in challenging injustice and ensuring that the rights of offenders are upheld. Worried by the state of human rights in our correctional institutions, the paper attempts to investigate the inmates’ rights, human rights and correctional practices and seeks to proffer ways by which social workers can enhance human rights in correctional institutions. Secondary source of data collection was utilized in the study. Documents from international and national agencies as well as textbooks and journal articles were employed. Furthermore, the paper recommends creation of awareness on the services of social workers in enhancing human rights in correctional institutions.