Copper Company Research Articles

Mineralogical aspects of ores Sediments, ores and metamorphism: new aspects

Recent years have witnessed the discovery of new large stratabound deposits of base metals, tungsten and uranium, as well as intensified research efforts in the investigation of known occurrences. Three problems are of particular interest: (1) The response of stratabound metal concentrations to varying degrees of metamorphism, and the limits of ‘survival’ of their geometrical and compositional parameters, (2) the distribution of manganese in the ore environment of sulphide deposits, and (3) the participation of elements not traditionally associated with the sedimentary cycle, such as tungsten, in the formation of stratabound deposits. The northwestern Cape Province, S. Africa, has been selected for an initial study of these aspects because of its wealth in large and economically significant base metal concentrations. These occur in volcano-sedimentary successions of probable Kheis age (2600 Ma) which have been metamorphosed during the 1200 Ma Kibaran orogeny. Metamorphism was of amphibolite facies grade (600-700 °C, 3- 4.5 kbar) in the east (deposits of Aggeneys and Gamsberg) and of granulite facies grade (800-1000 °C, 6—8 kbar) in the west (deposits of the O’okiep Copper District, including the Wolfram Schist). In amphibolite facies terrain, the stratabound nature of orebodies is generally well preserved, although complicated by several phases of folding. Electron probe analyses reveal high MnO-contents in silicates of the ore environment (garnets 20 %, pyroxene 5 %, stilpnomelane 11 %). These findings correlate with recent data from the Broken Hill, N.S.W. deposits (Stanton 1976) and from the Red Sea (Cronan et al. 1976). Their potential value lies both in the fields of ore genesis and of exploration geochemistry. Major concentrations of copper ore in transgressive ‘ noritoids ’ are limited to the granulite facies terrain of the O’okiep Copper District. Their isotopic, geochemical and petrological parameters favour crustal rather than mantle origin. A source bed model deriving the noritoids by partial melting of Cu-bearing members of the stratigraphic sequence, is thus proposed. Small tungsten deposits have in the past been mined in the granulite facies terrains of Namaqualand: concordant quartz-ferberite veins occur in the ' Wolfram Schist ’ and have previously been interpreted as hydrothermal and pegmatitic. Their distinct limitation to a specific stratigraphic horizon as well as new quantitative data on the age and grade of metamorphism in the area suggested a review of this genetic concept. The recent discovery of stratabound tungsten mineralization in Austria, Norway and Rhodesia, and the recognition of the sedimentary origin of the Sundong, S. Korea, deposit further stimulated these considerations. The Namaqualand tungsten deposits are thus interpreted as the product of granulite-facies metamorphism of sedimentary scheelite concentrations. These investigations necessitate the combination of many geoscientific disciplines, including field work, structural geology, geophysics, petrology, isotopic studies, geochemistry, ore microscopy and experimental mineralogy, here termed ‘the comprehensive geoscience approach’. This clearly requires team work; the author has had the privilege of closely cooperating with groups led by Professor T. N. Clifford (Witwatersrand University) and Mr J. Marais (O’okiep Copper Company Limited).

CHASE 192-HC

Abstract CHASE 192-HC is a copper alloy with a high conductivity that exceeds 60% IACS. It is available in strip form and has excellent formability. It is suitable for a wide variety of applications. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Cu-314. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

Anaconda Company and Chile Copper Company v. Overseas Private Investment Corporation. Case No. 16 10 0071 72

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

David Meredith Seares Watson, 1886-1973

David Meredith Seares Watson was born on 18 June 1886 at Higher Broughton, near Salford in Lancashire. He was the son of David Watson and Mary Louisa Watson ( née Seares). David Watson was a chemist and metallurgist who was a pioneer of the electrolytic refining of copper and had been educated at Clewer House School and at the Royal School of Mines where he was a student of T. H. Huxley, A. C. Ramsay and the metallurgist Perry, and took one of the earliest D.Sc.s in London, receiving a gold medal on graduation. He joined the Broughton Copper Company and eventually became the Managing Director. David Watson was a descendant of a Scottish family which included such eminent men as his father John Watson, an Advocate of Edinburgh and once Lord Provost of that city; great-uncle David Watson who was Minister of Cupar, Fife, once Moderator of the Church of Scotland; his great-grandfather James Watson who was Writer to the Signet, Edinburgh; and a Professor of Civil and Natural History in the United Colleges, St Andrews. Ultimately the line came from Turriff, Banffshire. Mary Louisa Watson was the daughter of Samuel Seares, a stockbroker of London, who was reputed to have among his ancestors a former Governor of Rhode Island at the end of the seventeenth century who married a ‘Red Indian’ wife. D. M. S. obtained a pedigree of this Sears or Seares, as variably written. From this stock apparently descended the Sears of Sears, Roebuck. D. M. S. Watson had one sister, C. M. Watson, who read classics at Manchester University and achieved first class honours on graduation at the age of nineteen, obtaining 97% marks from the famous Gilbert Murray of Oxford. She died tragically young in her second year at Somerville College, Oxford, having won the Chancellor’s prize for Greek Prose. It is not surprising that the children of such forebears should both have been brilliant.

CRM TUNGSTEN-35 Re-18 Mo

Abstract CRM TUNGSTEN-35 Re-18 Mo is a high-melting alloy for applications such as electronic tube components, electrical contacts, nuclear equipment, rocket thrusters, thermocouples and heating elements. All products are produced by powder metallurgy. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, surface treatment, and powder metal forms. Filing Code: W-17. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

THIN-FIN

Abstract THIN-FIN is a high-strength, high-conductivity copper containing nominally O.1% cadmium. It is suitable for parts requiring forming and bending only. It possesses high resistance to softening during soldering and thus is a desirable alloy for cores of automotive radiators. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-237. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

CRM MOLYBDENUM-50 RHENIUM

Abstract CRM MOLYBDENUM-50 RHENIUM is a high-melting-point alloy for applications such as electronics tube components, electrical contacts, thermionic converters, thermocouples, heating elements and rocket thrusters. All products are produced by powder metallurgy. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Mo-11. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

CRM RHENIUM

Abstract CRM RHENIUM is a commercially pure, high-melting-point metal for applications such as electronics tube components, electrical contacts, thermionic converters, thermocouples, heating elements and rocket thrusters. All products are produced by powder metallurgy. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Re-1. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

Chile - Kennecott Copper Corporation Arrangements: Formation of Sociedad Minera El Teniente S.A. and Authorization of Investments

The Braden Copper Company, a foreign Corporation organized under the laws of the State of Maine of the United States, and with an agency authorized to operate in this country, is exempted from all taxes, contributions, duties or charges arising from, caused by, or as a consequence of the transfer of its property, assets and liabilities, rights and obligations, which it may effect upon formation of the Joint Mining Company** to be known as Sociedad Minera El Teniente S.A. This same exemption is granted to legal persons (corporate) who may be stockholders of Braden Copper Company.

Accumulation and Biota in a Pioneer Ecosystem of Kudzu Vine at Copperhill, Tennessee

The 28 km2 of barren landscape at Copperhill, Tennessee, amidst the richly forested southern Appalachian Mountains, is a classic example of total destruction of an ecosystem (Odum 1959). Sulphur dioxide from copper smelters killed the original forest at about the turn of the century. The subsequent complete surface erosion of the soil produced a harsh microclimate. In June, daily maxima of soil temperatures at 3 cm depth were 120 C higher, mean wind velocities at 60 cm above the ground were thirteen times greater, and evaporation from water surfaces at soil level was five times more rapid, than in adjacent forest (Hursh 1948). Repeated attempts to revegetate the area with various grasses, legumes and pines failed (Allen 1950; Ingersoll 1964). In 1955 the oriental legume kudzu (Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi) was planted by the Tennessee Copper Company. This plant is widely used in the Southeast to curb erosion (Bailey 1939). In 1964 kudzu was still the only phanerogam present, but it had spread from the planting sites and a simple ecosystem had developed with a soil profile, litter layer, and soil biota. The stages of development in this simple ecosystem furnished a unique opportunity to study regeneration and parallel development of vegetation, litter, soil humus, microflora and microfauna on denuded soil. The system was used also to test the methodology to be used in more comprehensive studies of chemical cycles in ecosystems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and in the Great Smoky Mountains (Shanks & Olson 1961; Auerbach, Olson & Waller 1964). Interest in the revegetation and restoration of severely damaged landscapes has been renewed by excessive strip mining, overuse of lands, and the threat of nuclear devastation. Interest in chemical cycles has been spurred by their implications for the evaluation of hazards from systemic poisons, fallout and radioactive wastes, for efficient use of fertilizers, and for the conservation of natural resources.

CHASE 50Re-50Mo

Abstract Chase 50Re-50Mo is a rhenium-molybdenum high temperature alloy recommended for temperatures up to 4200 F where high strength at elevated temperature combined with high ductility are required. The alloy retains remarkable ductility even in the recrystallized condition, is weldable, and can be formed into shapes with far less chance of failure than pure molybdenum. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Mo-7. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

HASH.

HASH CARL A. DRAGSTEDT* My dictionary gives two definitions for "hash." The first refers to the item which is an unlamented reminder ofa boarding-house menu. The second says hash is a new mixture ofold matter—a second preparation or exhibition. It is in this latter sense that I use the term. Onprevious occasions Ihave related some biographical items incidental to the thesis ofa particular paper. This was not done in a straightforward manner, but was intrudedhere and there as occasion permitted. I amagain going to annoy you with some biographical anecdotes, but there is no little pretense at any story with a theme to it. There is a widely held beliefthat ifone is conscious during a time of greatperil, andparticularly ifdeathseemsto be impending,therewillflash before the mind's eye a kaleidoscopic review ofmany ofthe major events ofone'slife. Iamaconverttothisview, althoughas maybediscernedfrom the frivolous nature ofsome ofthe following tales, I would not insist that the word "major" is appropriate. Some years ago I was "spread-eagled" on my back upon a hospital bed. There was a salt-and-sugar infusion going into one ofmy leg veins. There was a blood transfusion going into the vein ofmy right arm. My left arm was being used for intermittent small injections ofthis and that and for withdrawing blood samples at various intervals. I was uncertain whether they were interested in how the brew was mixing or in how the mix was brewing. There was atube goingthrough mynose down into my stomach with some bile-stained fluid being aspirated into a large bottle. There was another tube in my fundament connected to another bottle. My vital fluids were being reshuffled and redealt in some modern version of the ancient doctrine ofhumors. Supervising this glorified game of put-andtake was a grim-visaged intern, who, wittingly or unwittingly, conveyed * Northwestern University Medical School, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois Ö0611. 218 Carl A. Dragsteà · Hash Perspectives in Biology and Medicine · Winter 1965 the impression that it was a darn shame to waste all that good blood on a hopeless case. I was well doped with drugs, but not too lacking in perception to interpret the intern's pessimism as a very bad omen. This was the stage setting for the kaleidoscopic "flash-back" ofa series ofevents in my life, and thus for my credulity respecting this old legend. The events were not re-enacted in their proper chronological order, nor in their entirety, nor with explanatory footnotes, nor without some discursive wandering into areas ofthe world of dreams, but I shall try to remedy some ofthese faults in my description. Event Number i: We Find Some Dynamite My brother Lester and I were born and raised in Anaconda, Montana, the smelter city for the Anaconda Copper Company. During the summers before we were old enough to work we had ample time to explore thehills and mountains roundabout. At times our trips were motivatedby ahuntforsquirrels,jackrabbits, orcoyotes, andwe carrieda22-caliberrifle, but more often they were concerned only with what was to be found on the otherside ofthe mountain. Early onesummerwediscovereda cave ina rather remote area. It was situated about half-way up the wall ofa steep incline, and a number ofattempts to climb directly up to it had been unsuccessful because the mass of loose rock below the mouth of the cave offered very poor footing. Eventually we solved the problem, however, by climbing to the same elevation as the cave, at a considerable distance around a bend, and thenworking our waycautiously in a lateral direction. Imagine our surprise andjoy when we exploredthe cave and foundthat it contained a large box ofdynamite sticks, several boxes ofpercussion caps, and two coils offuse. It was obvious that no one had been there recently. We threw a few dynamite sticks down the mountain side onto the rocks below, buttheywere alittle damp and didn't explode. Wehadreadabout miners drying out dynamite in the oven of a stove—and getting away with it—but we abandoned the idea as not being feasible for our home or oven. But the percussion caps! They were dry and in good shape. They would explode in a terrifying fashion, either when thrown against a rock...

CHASE 75W-25 Re

Abstract CHASE 75 W-25 Re is a tungsten-rhenium ultra-high temperature alloy recommended for temperatures up to 5000 F. It is used for power and electron tube components, heat exchangers, thermocouples and thermocouple protection tubes, nuclear reactor and power generation components and in general any high temperature application requiring high strength and ductility. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: W-10. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

PHOSNIC BRONZE

Abstract CHASE PHOSNIC BRONZE is a high copper alloy combining high strength and high conductivity, both electrical and thermal, in an unusual degree. It has high workability and excellent corrosion resistance. The additions of nickel and phosphorus to the copper render the alloy capable of being hardened and strengthened by age-hardening heat treatment. The alloy has also high endurance strength in the harder drawn tempers of wire, and excellent resistance to creep or flow under the influence of prolonged stress. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-12. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc.. Originally published November 1953, revised February 1965.

Safety and industrial hygiene at Braden Copper Company.

(1962). Safety and Industrial Hygiene at Braden Copper Company. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal: Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 273-284.

SILNIC BRONZE

Abstract SILNIC BRONZE is a copper-nickel-silicon alloy having high strength, high conductivity and good corrosion resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-90. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

CHAMET BRONZE

Abstract CHAMET BRONZE is a copper-zinc alloy containing 0.75% of tin, having high strength, toughness and resistance to corrosion. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-50. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

CHASE 444 BRONZE

Abstract CHASE 444 BRONZE is a special free-cutting Phosphor Bronze, Grade B-2. It is used primarily for automatic screw machine products, bearings and gears. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-43. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

OLYMPIC BRONZE TYPE A

Abstract OLYMPIC BRONZE Type A is a silicon bronze designed especially for structural and engineering purposes. It has the combination of high strength, workability, and corrosion resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Cu-22. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

CHASE TELLURIUM COPPER

Abstract CHASE TELLURIUM COPPER combines good machinability and excellent hot forgeability with high electrical and thermal conductivity. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-16. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..