Coping Attitudes Research Articles

Phenotyping chronic tinnitus patients using self-report questionnaire data: cluster analysis and visual comparison

Chronic tinnitus is a complex, multi-factorial symptom that requires careful assessment and management. Evidence-based therapeutic approaches involve audiological and psychological treatment components. However, not everyone benefits from treatment. The identification and characterisation of patient subgroups (or “phenotypes”) may provide clinically relevant information. Due to the large number of assessment tools, data-driven methods appear to be promising. The acceptance of these empirical results can be further strengthened by a comprehensive visualisation. In this study, we used cluster analysis to identify distinct tinnitus phenotypes based on self-report questionnaire data and implemented a visualisation tool to explore phenotype idiosyncrasies. 1228 patients with chronic tinnitus from the Charité Tinnitus Center in Berlin were included. At baseline, each participant completed 14 questionnaires measuring tinnitus distress, -loudness, frequency and location, depressivity, perceived stress, quality of life, physical and mental health, pain perception, somatic symptom expression and coping attitudes. Four distinct patient phenotypes emerged from clustering: avoidant group (56.8%), psychosomatic group (14.1%), somatic group (15.2%), and distress group (13.9%). Radial bar- and line charts allowed for visual inspection and juxtaposition of major phenotype characteristics. The phenotypes differed in terms of clinical information including psychological symptoms, quality of life, coping attitudes, stress, tinnitus-related distress and pain, as well as socio-demographics. Our findings suggest that identifiable patient subgroups and their visualisation may allow for stratified treatment strategies and research designs.

Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure of Religious Coping Scal

Objectives: Parenting is a difficult task. Factors like social support, sense of coherence, self-esteem, hardiness, optimism, internal locus of control, and religious coping play a vital role in this area. This study aimed to develop a religious coping measure for parents of differently-abled children. It also aimed to explore the factor structure and reliability of a religious coping scale. Methods: Two hundred parents of differently-abled children completed the research measure. The mean age and standard deviation of the parents were 40.04 and 5.31 years, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to identify the potential factor structure of the religious coping scale. Results: The findings of this study demonstrated that the religious coping scale had 5 factors comprising “divinely seeking”, “coping attitude”, “religious faith”, “sense of possibility”, and “spiritual and social support”. Discussion: The study showed that the scale had good internal consistency, factorial, and content validity. Furthermore, a significant positive association was found between the dimensions of the religious coping scale. The results suggest that this scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring religious coping among parents of differently-abled children.

Tinnitus-related distress and pain perceptions in patients with chronic tinnitus - Do psychological factors constitute a link?

ObjectiveTo investigate the co-occurrence of tinnitus-related distress and pain experiences alongside psychological factors that may underlie their association.MethodPatients with chronic tinnitus (N = 1238) completed a questionnaire battery examining tinnitus-related distress and affective and sensory pain perceptions. A series of simple, parallel- and serial multiple mediator models examined indirect effects of psychological comorbidities as well as -process variables including depressivity, perceived stress and coping attitudes. Moderator and moderated mediation analyses examined differential relational patterns in patients with decompensated vs. compensated tinnitus.ResultsThere were significant associations between tinnitus-related distress and pain perceptions. These were partially mediated by most specified variables. Psychological comorbidities appeared to influence tinnitus-pain associations through their impact on depressivity, perceived stress, and coping attitudes. Some specific differences in affective vs. sensory pain perception pathways emerged. Patients with decompensated tinnitus yielded significantly higher symptom burden across all measured indices. Tinnitus decompensation was associated with heightened associations between [1] tinnitus-related distress and pain perceptions, depressivity and negative coping attitudes; and [2] most psychological comorbidities and sensory, but not affective pain perception. Moderated mediation analyses revealed stronger indirect effects of depressivity and anxiety in mediating affective-, and anxiety in mediating sensory pain perception in patients with decompensated tinnitus.ConclusionPsychological constructs mediate the co-occurrence of tinnitus- and pain-related symptoms across different levels of tinnitus-related distress. Psychological treatment approaches should conceptualize and address individualised interactions of common cognitive-emotional processes in addressing psychosomatic symptom clusters across syndromatic patients with varying distress levels.

A STUDY ON SOCIAL APPEARANCE ANXIETY AND COPING AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS

Social appearance anxiety is a term related to the individual's concerns about their outer appearance so it is described as the worry and tension they experience if their outer appearance is assessed and criticized by the society. It is a term that predicts the fear on negative feelings on physical appearance. Social appearance anxiety in individuals who belongs to the adolescent category and the youth category might experience serious problems in their future. This helps the individuals to develop different types of coping attitudes among them. Individual use these coping strategies to minimize the problems occurred due to anxiety, stress or such negative life situations. The present study was used to determine the connection and association between social appearance anxiety and coping. The study was done on college students in Coimbatore and the data collected using Social Appearance Anxiety Scale and Brief Cope Inventory. The result showed that both the social appearance anxiety and the coping is moderate in college students but the relation between these two is relatively high. This means that the students developed coping to overcome negative evaluation of body image by the society and to minimize the problems of such anxiety.

Relationship between Older persons with cancer' Coping Attitudes and Mental Adjustment.

Objective Purpose is to examine the relationship between older persons with cancer coping attitudes and patterns of mental adjustment during treatment. Methods : Coping attitudes and patterns of mental adjustment were measured using an original questionnaire and the Mental Adjustment Cancer Scale (MAC) in 193 patients with cancer aged 65 or over under treatment with surgical therapy, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. Results : The mean scores for "Do my best to cope with cancer" ,"Make my own decisions on treatment" in coping attitudes showed a significant positive correlation with [fighting spirit] scores in MAC, and "Cancer is just a part of my life", "At my age, no complaint about cancer development", "Face cancer in an easy-going manner", "Do my best to cope with cancer" "Be anxious about my future" were significantly correlated with [fatalism] scores. Conclusions : In conclusion, [fighting spirit] [fatalism] were shown to form the basis for elderly's mental adjustment. [Fatalism] was shown to be a main component of mental adjustment for elderly to develop affirmative coping skills based on their life experiences. In addition, [fighting spirit] was also essential to fulfill their lives, and it may be necessary to support them to keep [fighting spirit] to the end of their lives. J. Med. Invest. 67 : 44-50, February, 2020.

Relationship Between the Anxiety and Depression Levels of Children with Type 1 Diabetes and the Resilience and Coping Attitudes of their Parents

Relationship Between the Anxiety and Depression Levels of Children with Type 1 Diabetes and the Resilience and Coping Attitudes of their Parents

The Effect of The Coping Attitudes of People with Stroke on Quality of Life

The Effect of The Coping Attitudes of People with Stroke on Quality of Life

Smartphone-supported Positive Adjustment Coping Intervention (PACI) for couples undergoing fertility treatment: a randomised controlled trial protocol

IntroductionInfertility generally counts as a profound crisis in the lives of couples and as an emotionally stressful experience. For couples undergoing fertility treatment, this is especially true of the waiting...

Kadın Hükümlülerin Bağlanma Stilleri ve Stresle Başa Çıkma Tutumlarının İncelenmesi

Bu çalışma kadın hükümlülerin bağlanma stillerinin ve stresle başa çıkma tutumlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma ilişkisel, tanımlayıcı türde bir araştırmadır. Araştırma İstanbul ilinde bulunan bir kadın kapalı cezaevinde, 1 Eylül-31 Aralık 2012 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini İstanbul ilindeki bir kapalı cezaevinde bulunan 273 hükümlü oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemi ise amaçlı örneklem yöntemi ile seçilen, araştırmaya alınma kriterlerine uygun ve araştırmanın uygulanacağı tarihte kadın kapalı cezaevinde kalan 130 kadın hükümlü oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan sosyo-demografik özellikleri kapsayan veri toplama formu, ilişki ölçekleri anketi ve stresle başa çıkma tutumları envanteri (SBTE) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan kadın hükümlülerin yaş ortalaması 34.55±9.223 olarak bulunmuştur. Cezaevinde kalan kadın hükümlülerin stresle başa çıkma tutumlarının ve bağlanma stillerinin, medeni durum, yaş, ebeveyn ile yaşama/yaşamama gibi sosyo-demografik özelliklerinden etkilendiği söylenebilir. Evli olanların ve aktivitelere katılanların daha olumlu stratejiler kullanabildikleri, anne babasından birini ya da her ikisini kaybetmiş olanların daha saplantılı bağlanma gösterdikleri; katılımcıların maneviyat ve dini yöntemlerle baş etme gibi stratejileri kullandığı araştırmadan çıkarılabilecek sonuçlardır.

Impact of prechemotherapy preparation on knowledge, coping attitude and satisfaction among newly diagnosed patients with cancer

Objective: Cancer’s patients receiving chemotherapy need information about the treatments and self-care that must practice in order to prevent serious complications. Purpose of the study: To determine the impact of prechemotherapy preparation on knowledge, coping attitude and satisfaction among newly diagnosed patients with cancer.Methods: Quasi experimental research design was used. The study was conducted at outpatient’s chemotherapy clinic and at word of the Oncology Menoufia University Hospital, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt. A convenience sample of 100 adult patients of both sexes who were diagnosed with cancer in the Oncology outpatient clinic and would receive first time chemotherapy treatment were enrolled in this study. Three tools were used. Tool I: Chemotherapy Patients needs assessment: structured interviewing scheduled questionnaire: The tool consisted of the following 2 parts. Part 1: Sociodemographic and clinical data, Part II: Pre Chemotherapy Knowledge Assessment Sheet. Tool II: 16 attributes of cancer therapy satisfaction questionnaire (CTSQ). Tool III: Cancer Coping Questionnaire (CCQ) 21 Items Versions.Results: The study group had better knowledge, coping and satisfaction post intervention than control group. There was statistically considerable differences between study and control group concerning the mean total score of satisfaction and coping (p value < .001). There were significant positive correlation total score of cancer coping and mean score of cancer therapy satisfaction p value < .001.Conclusions: Prechemotherapy preparation to cancer patients improved patient’s knowledge, satisfaction and coping. Recommendation: Prechemotherapy education should be considered a part of routine nursing care performed for all newly diagnosed patients with cancer who would receive chemotherapy for first time.

Proactive behaviour in midwifery practice: A qualitative overview based on midwives’ perspectives

BackgroundMidwifery practice is in the process of continuing developments and contemporary working conditions asking for proactive behaviour, which could increase work-efficiency, job satisfaction, commitment and coping attitudes towards stress resistance. This study aims to provide an in depth exploration of midwives’ perceptions of facilitators and/or barriers of proactive behaviour in midwifery practice. MethodsA qualitative descriptive study, using individual semi-structured interviews, was undertaken within a sample of 102 Flemish and Dutch midwives who were interviewed from September to December 2017 using a four-item topic-list. ResultsSix influencing factors emerged from the data consisted of the causal, contextual and conditional factors faced by the midwives in order to show proactive behaviour in midwifery practice. Midwives elaborated the need for team consultations, a safe organizational culture, an appreciative midwifery leader and an attitude of lifelong learning. Furthermore, midwives are looking for a way to deal with both challenges in healthcare and the competitive societal system. ConclusionThis inductive study confirmed, supported and expanded previous deductive research and provided additional insights of proactive behaviour in midwifery. Providing midwives with knowledge of the influencing factors, required to successfully effecting proactive behaviour in midwifery, this study has subsequently merit for future research in the transfer of recommendation in daily midwifery practice, education and policymaking.

What Stimulates Proactive Behaviour of Midwifery Students during their Education?

Background: Proactive behaviour, triggered by various individual and/or contextual antecedents, could be a significant added value to cope with the major challenges midwifery students face in adapting quickly and effectively to different clinical settings. Aim: Assessing the presence of various individual and contextual antecedents in a group of midwifery students and explore their association with proactive behaviour which could bring benefits to the constantly evolving field of reproductive healthcare. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate associated antecedents of proactive behaviour in a group of midwifery students (n = 421) between December 2017 and February 2018. Findings: More than half (66.8%) of the midwifery students demonstrated some kind of proactive behaviour. Albeit, 13.6% of the proactive behaviour was associated to the appearance of the investigated individual and/or contextual antecedents. The Dutch nationality, the evolution in the educational programme, a high role breadth self-efficacy, generalized compliance, trust in peers and autonomy were all positively associated to proactive behaviour. Conclusions: Midwifery students showing generalized compliance to the organization, have a high role breadth self-efficacy and trust in their peers are positively associated to proactive behaviour. Discussion: Anticipating the various significant antecedents during the midwifery education, could strengthen the level of proactive behaviour of future midwives. The awareness of for proactive behaviour could have a positive contribution to the work efficiency and coping attitude of future midwives. This will indirectly contribute to the quality of care for mother and child.

Male Nursing Students' Social Appearance Anxiety and Their Coping Attitudes.

This study aimed at examining social appearance anxiety levels of male nursing students and their coping attitudes and identifying the relationship between them. A cross-sectional research approach was adopted in a study population of 180; the sample comprised 129 students. Data were collected using a socio-demographic information form, the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and the Assessment of Coping Attitudes Inventory (COPE). The average age of students was 20.54 ± 1.49 years. The male students’ average score obtained from the SAAS measure was 32.64 ± 13.07, while that of the COPE Inventory was 138.11 ± 14.47. Significant correlations were detected between students’ SAAS scores and COPE scale scores. There were negative relationships between social anxiety scores and COPE subscales of positive reinterpretation and growth (p < .05), use of instrumental social support (p < .05), active coping (p ≤ .01), and planning (p ≤ .01). In contrast, there were positive relationships between social anxiety scores and COPE subscales of mental disengagement (p ≤ .01), denial (p ≤ .01), behavioral disengagement (p ≤ .01), restraint (p ≤ .01), use of emotional social support (p < .05), substance use (p ≤ .01), and acceptance (p < .05). The conclusion was that male students who do not perceive themselves as having an ideal body image face high social appearance anxiety. There is a prejudice that social appearance anxiety has negative effects on these students’ self-confidence. In this context, this research revealed concrete results about how male nursing students have battled the prejudices that they have faced throughout their student life.

Relationship between dysfunctional beliefs and stress coping methods in drug-addicted patients: A sample of Turkey.

Background:Dysfunctional beliefs are believed to have an effect on substance abuse. Drug-addicted individuals experience difficulties with coping in stressful situations and therefore, start reusing these drugs.Aim:This study was conducted to determine the relationship between dysfunctional beliefs and stress coping methods in drug-addicted patients.Materials and Methods:The population of this descriptive and cross-sectional research study comprised 51 patients who were admitted to the Alcohol and Drug Addiction Treatment Center of a state hospital, diagnosed with drug addiction, and consented to participate in our study. The data were collected by using the Sociodemographic Information Form, the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), and the Coping Assessment Questionnaire (COPE). The data obtained were evaluated by percentage, correlation, one-way analysis of variance, Mann–Whitney U-test, and Kruskal–Wallis test.Results:The average COPE score of the drug-addicted patients was found to be 171.60 ± 23.35. The average DAS score of the drug-addicted patients was determined to be 161.66 ± 36.94. A statistically significant difference was found between the DAS and COPE scores of the patients (P < 0.05).Conclusions:It can be concluded that these patients have dysfunctional beliefs and exhibit emotion-focused coping attitudes. More comparative studies investigating the dysfunctional beliefs of alcohol- and drug-addicted people and coping methods should be conducted.

Factors Affecting the Adherence to Disease-Modifying Therapy in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.

Adherence to medication treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is important to increase its effectiveness, reduce patient disability, prevent attacks, and increase the quality of life. This study investigated factors that influence adherence to disease-modifying therapy in patients with MS. This descriptive study was conducted with 198 patients with MS who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate between July 2016 and February 2017. Data were collected using an Individual Identification Form that included sociodemographic characteristics, the Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Adherence Questionnaire, the Fatigue Severity Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Brief COPE. We found that 59.6% of the patients were adherent to therapy. Patients were significantly more adherent to Avonex than other treatments, and "memory problems" was the most common reason for missing or forgetting medication in nonadherent patients. There was a significant difference between medication adherence and some sociodemographic characteristics and disease characteristics (P < .05). There was no significant difference between coping attitudes, fatigue, and self-efficacy level and medication adherence (P > .05). Patients' adherence to medication treatment was low and may be associated with social, physical, and cognitive measures.

Correlation of anxiety and depression levels with attitudes towards coping with illness and sociodemographic characteristics in patients with a diagnosis of breast cancer

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of anxiety and depression levels of breast cancer patients that had completed a year since receiving the diagnosis with their sociodemographic characteristics and attitudes towards coping with their disease. This study was conducted with 94 female patients between the ages of 35 and 65 years who had been diagnosed with breast cancer and who were treated at the Oncology Department of Cukurova University’s Faculty of Medicine between June 5 and July 31, 2017. Data were collected via a personal information form prepared by the investigator, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and COPE inventory. It was found that 27.7% and 16.0% of patients with breast cancer who had completed one year of treatment and had not presented or been referred to psychiatry experienced clinically relevant anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms, respectively. A positive relationship was found between depression and anxiety in breast cancer patients (p<0.05, r=0.68). The level of anxiety was higher in patients who were not sufficiently informed about the disease (p=0.014) and who thought that the partner was behaving more distant (p=0.019). Patients between the ages of 35 and 44 years were found to be more depressive and anxious than those at age 55-65 (p=0.006 and p=0.010, respectively). It was found that primary school graduates were more likely to use “religious coping” (p=0.02) and university graduates were more likely to use “humor” (p=0.04). In addition, “positive reinterpretation” and “planning” attitudes were found to be more common in those with sufficient knowledge of the disease (p=0.045 and p=0.01, respectively). There was a negative correlation between depression and “mental disengagement” (p=0.011) and “active coping” (p=0.008). There was a positive relationship between anxiety and “use of emotional social support” (p=0.038). In our study, sufficient information about the disease and the partner’s behavior were found to be associated with anxiety in breast cancer patients, and coping attitudes were found to be effective regarding depression and development of anxiety. Addressing the psychological effects of breast cancer and giving importance to psychosocial interventions and coping attitudes have been considered preventive factors in the development of depression and anxiety.

Children and Television: Vicarious Socialisation Experiences

AbstractThis article contributes to the understanding of socialisation of children of Filipino immigrants in South Australia by examining their experiences and engagement with media, particularly television. Thirty children, aged 8–12 years, who participated in the study were mainly accessed through social networks. Children’s names, which reflect Anglicised or Spanish influence to Filipinos, were changed to maintain ethical considerations. A qualitative methodological framework grounded the children’s perspectives in symbolic interactionism. The study particularly focused on symbolic interaction concepts of the self (selves) and influence of others, forming perspectives, roles, attitudes of others and coping, as well as how socialisation experiences of children facilitated children’s perspectives on media. These concepts are significant in understanding how children made sense of television content. This discussion on children’s media socialisation is organised into two sections according to children’s engagement with television and parental control of television watching. The children in this article have been exposed to both television content in the Philippines and Australia. Whilst the article focuses on a small cohort of primary school children, the theory and methodology could be applied to children of other cultures and as such may generate comparative results.

초기 청소년의 정서지능, 공격성, 학교폭력에 대한 인식 및 대처 태도 간의 관계

초기 청소년의 정서지능, 공격성, 학교폭력에 대한 인식 및 대처 태도 간의 관계

Comparison of Psychiatric Symptoms and Attitudes of Coping with Stress in Somatization Disorder and Fibromyalgia and Osteoarthritis and Their Relatives

Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare patients with fibromyalgia, their first degree relatives; osteoarthritis patients, their first degree relatives; patients with somatization disorder and healthy controls in terms of psychological symptoms, somatic complaints and ways of coping with stress.Materials and Methods: The study is planned as crosssectional. Patients who presented to the Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Outpatient Clinic between June 2016 and January 2017 and who diagnosed with fibromyalgia and osteoarthritis, and their first-degree relatives, patients with somatization disorders and a healthy control group who filled out the informed consent form was included in this study. The socio-demographic information query form, Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (COPE) Form, Psychological Symptom Checklist (SCL- 90) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were applied to all volunteers. Covariance analysis was used to compare groups in terms of scale scores.Results: It was determined that the groups were not homogeneous in terms of age, VAS, education level, sex, marital status and occupation. The groups were compared taking into account the impacts on the COPE and SCL-90 scores of these characteristics which are thought to be confounders. As a result of the evaluations, it was determined that the patients with fibromyalgia and somatization preferred the problem-focused coping and emotional-focused coping attitudes significantly less and the non-functional coping attitude significantly more. Osteoarthritis patients were found to be in the middle of both sides on many occasions. However, there was no significant difference among the groups in terms of psychological symptoms when the effect of the confounding factors were eliminated.Conclusion: Since the findings achieved suggest that fibromyalgia and somatization disorder are the same diseases, it has been concluded that more research should be conducted on the subject.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 01 No. 01 January’17. Page : 34-44

Influence of coping strategies on oral health-related quality of life in patients with myalgia

ObjectiveTo identify coping strategies used by patients with myalgia and to assess the influence of pain characteristics and coping attitudes on their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).MethodsOne hundred patients diagnosed with myalgia due to temporomandibular disorders were included in this study. They were administered a three-part questionnaire. For preselecting associated coping variables, correlation analysis was performed between coping strategies and OHRQoL domains. A block-wise hierarchical multiple regression analysis was carried out to evaluate whether coping strategies had any influence on OHRQoL.ResultsNotable trends were found between coping strategies and demographic variables and pain characteristics. OHRQoL appeared to worsen with pain severity and with coping strategies that reveal passive or avoidant attitudes of the patient.DiscussionIndividual coping strategies should be considered while managing myalgia. A multidisciplinary approach that aims to help these patients acquire suitable coping strategies may be useful in improving their OHRQoL.