Coordination Skills Research Articles

Hand Function and Hand-Eye Coordination in Cervical Conditions – A Cross Sectional Study

Background of the study: Cervical Conditions are most common orthopaedic condition that may affect a large number of people. It compresses the nerve roots and may cause muscle weakness, numbness and loss of fine movements of the upper limbs. Hand Functions are movements of the hand and Hand eye coordination is the coordination of motor and visual inputs to produce a movement. This study helps to find out whether the hand function and hand eye coordination are affected in Cervical Conditions. Aim: Aim of this study is to find whether the hand function and hand eye coordination are affected in Cervical Conditions. Method: A total number of 212 subjects with cervical pain were screened for the study inclusion criteria and 132 subjects were selected for the study. The assessment of hand function, hand-eye coordination skills and shoulder disability were carried out for all the Subjects. NDI scale was used to evaluate the subject’s severity of pain and the associated disability among the samples. Hand function we evaluated using Purdue pegboard. Ball Tossing Task and Wall Ball Bounce Task were done to assess the Hand eye coordination. Results: On assessing the correlation between NDI and PURDUE, the results obtained on analysis is -0.108, which shows a negative relationship between the variables. The non-parametric correlation analysis using the spearman’s rho between the Neck disability index (NDI) with the PURDUE is -0.053, which shows a negative relationship between the variables. On assessing the correlation between NDI and Hand-Eye Task-1, the results obtained on analysis is -0.0081, which shows a negative relationship between the variables and the non-parametric correlation analysis is -0.162, which shows a negative relationship between the variables. On assessing the correlation between NDI and Hand-Eye Task-2, the results obtained on analysis is -0.023, which shows a negative relationship between the variables and the non-parametric correlation analysis is -0.092, which shows a negative relationship between the variables. Discussion: The purpose of the study is to find whether the hand function and hand eye coordination are affected in Cervical Conditions. Conclusion: This study concludes that the hand function and hand eye coordination are not affected in Cervical Conditions.

The Application of Body Rhythm in Music Therapy - Taking the Experience of Autistic Children as An Example

According to the data of 2021, the number of autistic people in China exceeds 10 million, and the number of autistic children exceeds 2 million. However, there is no specialisation in autism rehabilitation and intervention in the domestic education system, and most practitioners receive training only after joining the profession. In the new period of the "14th Five-Year Plan", the state has put forward new guidance for the development of the autism industry, and the number of special education institutions and practitioners has increased rapidly, but at the same time, they are also facing the bottleneck of the application of diversified methods of rehabilitation therapy, and the insufficient construction of the accreditation system and standardisation, and other problems. Based on the concept of music therapy and the scientific theories required for the rehabilitation of children with special needs, the study explores the integration of the role of music and rehabilitation interventions, combining musical elements with the practice of somatic rhythms, and paving the way for medical rehabilitation after long-term planned training, promoting physical coordination, exercising imitation and observation skills. The assessment system for the application of body movement derived from the practice is summarised to provide reference for the service model and future development of children with special needs.

Relationship among some coordinative and dynamic strength capabilities and constructive and conceptual thinking among preschool-age children.

Existing research underscores the positive influence of consistent physical activity, fitness, and motor coordination on school-aged children's cognitive and academic performance. However, a gap exists in fully understanding this relationship among preschoolers, a critical age group where the development of cognitive functions is significant. The study aims to expand upon existing evidence that connects motor and cognitive development by examining the correlation between specific motor coordination and physical fitness skills and the development of constructive and conceptual thinking in preschool-aged children. Data from 56 children aged 4-5 years (mean age 4.5 ± 0.36y), comprising 30 girls and 26 boys, participated in this study. We assessed muscular strength (via standing long jump, wall toss test, flexibility), agility (4 × 5 m shuttle), cardiorespiratory fitness (20 m pacer test), and motor coordination (lateral jumping, platform shifting). Cognitive abilities were measured using the IDS-P. Linear regression models showed that significant predictors of constructive thinking scores were observed solely for flexibility (p = 0.02) and shifting platforms (p = 0.01). Notably, flexibility exhibited a negative relationship (β = -1.68). In the context of conceptual thinking, significant predictors (p < 0.05) included standing long jump (p = 0.01), jumping laterally (p = 0.005), shifting platforms (p = 0.001), throwing (p = 0.02). Coordination-demanding activities seem to be related considerably to conceptual thinking in preschoolers. Integrating such motor activities into preschool curricula that demand cognitive engagement can positively influence the development of cognitive functions.

Measuring Upper Extremity Activity of Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy Using Wrist-Worn Accelerometers: A Pilot Study.

Children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) have poor strength and movement control on one side of their body, leading to impaired bimanual coordination skills. To compare duration and intensity of all-day habitual movement of the dominant and nondominant upper extremities (UEs) in typically developing (TD) children and children with UCP. Two-group observational study. Children's naturalistic settings. Convenience sample of 9 TD children and 9 children with UCP. Children wore accelerometers on both wrists all day and night for 1 wk. We compared the extent of asymmetry in bilateral arm use (intensity and duration) between the 2 groups. Compared with TD children who use both UEs equally, children with UCP were more likely to use their dominant or unaffected UE than their nondominant or affected UE during daily activities. There were no differences between groups in dominant UE activity. However, children with UCP engaged in lower levels of moderate to vigorous activity and greater levels of light activity with their nondominant or affected UE than their TD peers. Wrist-worn accelerometry can provide objective information on real-world habitual activity with both arms in children. Accelerometers are nonintrusive, easy to use, and well tolerated by children, and they allow prolonged monitoring of UE activity outside therapeutic contexts. Occupational therapists can use wrist-worn accelerometers as sensitive tools to assess asymmetries in UE use at baseline and as an outcome measure to assess the efficacy of behavioral interventions and carryover into real-world settings among children with UCP. Plain-Language Summary: This pilot study provides promising evidence that supports the use of wrist-worn accelerometry as an accurate, easy-to-use, and objective assessment tool for children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) to detect asymmetries in bilateral real-world arm activity at baseline and after intensive occupational therapy interventions to improve arm function. The authors used wrist-worn accelerometry for one week with 9 typically developing (TD) children and 9 children with UCP to compare dominant or unaffected versus nondominant or affected upper extremity (UE) use for intensity and duration of activity. Compared with TD children, children with UCP had lower relative intensity of activity in the nondominant UE than the dominant UE. Wrist-worn accelerometers seem to be a sensitive measure to detect asymmetries in bilateral all-day UE use in children with UCP. The findings have implications for the use of wrist-worn accelerometers as an outcome measure to assess the efficacy of intensive therapies to improve real-world affected UE activity and bimanual function among children with UCP.

A Model with Feedback Mechanism for Learning Hand-Eye Coordination: A Pilot Study.

Practicing neuroendoscopic skills like hand-eye coordination is mandatory before embarking on actual surgeries. Synthetic models are able alternatives for cadavers and animals. Presently available models in the literature are either very costly or lack a feedback mechanism, which makes training difficult. We aimed to make a basic low-cost neuroendoscopic hand-eye coordination model with a feedback mechanism. An electronic circuit in series was designed inside a clay utensil to test inadvertent contact of the working instrument with implanted steel pins, which on completion lighted a light-emitting diode (LED) and raised an alarm. Two exercises-moving-a-rubber exercise and passing copper rings of multiple sizes were made and tested by 15 neurosurgeons. The moving-a-rubber exercise was completed by 6/15 (40%) neurosurgeons in the first attempt, 6/15 (40%) in the second, and 3/15 (20%) in the third attempt. For the 1.5 cm copper ring passing exercise, 12/15 (80%) successfully performed in the first attempt; for 1 cm copper ring, 6/15 (40%) performed in the first; and for the 0.5 cm copper ring, 1/15 (6.6%) performed in the first attempt. The time to finish all the exercises significantly decreased in the third successful attempt compared to the first. The model gave excellent feedback to the trainee and examiner for basic neuroendoscopic hand-eye coordination skills.

Links between Behavioural Self-Regulation, Gross Motor Coordination and Social-Emotional Skills in Preschoolers

Recent studies have emphasized the importance of children’s ability to control their behaviours, thoughts, and emotions. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between behavioural self-regulation, motor coordination and social-emotional competencies in Romanian preschool children. We assessed 120 preschoolers using measures of behavioural self-regulation, gross motor coordination, and social-emotional competencies. Results revealed that there are no significant relations between behavioural self-regulation and gross motor coordination, nor between behavioural self-regulation and social-emotional skills. Interestingly, no gender differences emerged in terms of behavioural self-regulation, gross motor coordination, and social competencies. The only gender-related difference was found concerning emotional competencies, with girls outperforming boys. Further studies should investigate longitudinally the relations among these constructs, and also in relations with other factors, such as the preschool setting, the socio-economic status, and children’s academic achievement.

The Excellence of Batik Art: Exploring the Impact of Batik Jumputan on Fine Motor Skills in Early Childhood Education

The issue of developing hand-eye coordination skills among preschool students has yet to be completely resolved. This research examines the effectiveness of Batik Jumputan as a teaching method to improve students' fine motor skills at the TKIT Alhamdulillah Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul, Yogyakarta. The research employed a qualitative approach, employing participant observation, in-depth interviews, and recording to gather data. The study implemented Batik Jumputan learning in three stages to improve fine motor skills: planning learning objectives, indicators, and materials; implementing learning activities and assessing results; and controlling and following up on learning. The Batik Jumputan lesson was carefully planned and designed by the instructor, laying a solid foundation for students to practice fine motor skills. Students exhibited great enthusiasm, especially when mixing colors and dipping the cloth, demonstrating a strong curiosity. Upon viewing their vibrant creations on the fabric, students appeared happy, thus indicating a strong desire to learn batik. The evaluation noted that each student managed to show fine motor development as expected, even though some students reached a very good level of development. The study revealed that learning to make Batik Jumputan positively affected students' fine motor skills, leading to significant improvements.

Unpacking the Connections Between Fractions and Algebra: The Importance of Fraction Schemes and Units Coordination

ABSTRACT Researchers from multiple disciplines have found that fractions and algebra knowledge are linked. One major strand of research has identified children’s units coordination structures as crucial for success with fractions and algebra via multiplicative reasoning, whereas a second strand of research points to magnitude knowledge as a central conceptual structure supporting fractions and algebra knowledge. In an online study with 59 eighth graders, we compared the associations of these two foundational factors with fractions and algebra knowledge by assessing students’ units coordination skills, magnitude knowledge, and several general cognitive skills alongside multiple aspects of fractions and algebra knowledge. In regression models controlling for math anxiety and general cognitive skills, units coordination and fraction schemes were better predictors of students’ algebra knowledge than were fraction magnitude or fraction arithmetic skills. We replicated findings from previous studies that showed units coordination and fraction schemes were closely related and showed for the first time that units coordination was significantly associated with fraction number line estimation and fraction arithmetic scores, even after accounting for general cognitive skills. We emphasize the need for interdisciplinary teams to continue investigating relations among these constructs to further our understanding and ultimately support student learning of fractions and algebra.

Design and evaluation of UltRASim: An immersive simulator for learning ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia basic skills

Virtual reality shows great promise as a technology for training healthcare professionals within a secure simulated environment. This work presents the design, development, and assessment of UltRASim: an immersive simulator for ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. First, task and skills analyses were performed with domain experts to build the task model of the procedure and determine the simulator’s learning objectives and design constraints. Then, a face and content validity study was conducted with eighteen anesthesiologists to assess the simulator’s prototype. The responses to seven of eleven face validity questions were predominantly positive, indicating a favorable reception. The primary concerns pertained to the fidelity of haptic feedback during needle insertion. This suggests incorporating a higher fidelity haptic device in future design iterations. Conversely, responses to all six questions related to the content validity were predominantly positive. Participants found that the simulator held significant potential as a training tool, particularly for developing hand–eye coordination skills. These findings validate several design choices and highlight areas for improvement in subsequent iterations of UltRASim before its formal validation as a training tool.

A Comparative Study of Some Coordination Abilities between Males and Females for the Age Group (10-12) Years

Coordination capabilities refer to a set of physical abilities that impact the organization and coordination of movements resulting in consistent performance. They are considered one of the necessary conditions for good performance. Therefore, the objective of the study is to identify the differences in coordination abilities between males and females in the age group of 10- 12 years. A hypothesis is that there are statistically significant differences in certain adaptive skills between males and females aged 10-12 years. The research community consists of primary school students from Mosul 135 male and 135 female students as samples. Tests were administered. T-tests for independent samples were given as numbers and percentages for categorical variables. a p-value of &amp;lt;0.05 was considered significant. The study concludes that the coordination skills of male and female students between the ages of 10 and 12 are equal. Males outperform females in the ability of motor coordination between the arms, eyes, and balls, which may be due to the nature of the test. Throwing a Tennis Ball (25 seconds)(t(270)=10,785 ; p&amp;lt;0.001), Balance (t(270)=2.023 ; p&amp;lt;0.044), Throwing Balling (t(270) = 3.072 ; p&amp;lt;0.002), Significant differences were determined for Touch 30 Seconds (t(270)=3.122 ; p&amp;lt;0.002), Circuit Accuracy (t(270) = 6.551 ; p&amp;lt;0.001).In conclusion; Aging and participating in sports have a good impact on coordinative performance. Athletes with a genetic propensity for a certain sport may develop motor proficiency that is on par with or even surpasses that of older athletes with well-planned training.

Studi Evaluasi Kinerja Anggota Tim Sahabat Pelanggan Di RSUD Kota Bogor

This This study evaluates the performance of the customer friend team at the Regional General Hospital (RSUD) of Bogor City and analyzes the factors influencing their performance. The study adopts a qualitative field research method. Effective performance evaluation has been found to enhance employee competence and motivation, while ineffective evaluation can have negative repercussions such as employee complaints, decreased motivation, and turnover. Critical factors influencing the customer friend team's performance include inter-team coordination, customer engagement, and interpersonal communication skills. Training and skill fulfillment are also vital in improving employee performance. Effective performance evaluation aids RSUD Bogor City in enhancing employee competence, work motivation, and achieving organizational goals optimally. Factors such as fairness, transparency, and clear and constructive feedback are important considerations in performance evaluation. The study findings provide a better understanding of the factors influencing the customer friend team's performance and offer practical implications for RSUD Bogor City to enhance service quality and patient relations.

Leadership of school principals for school health implementation among primary schools in Mataram, Indonesia: a qualitative study

BackgroundHealth-promoting schools (HPS) are acknowledged as a comprehensive approach to improving children’s health and educational outcomes through learning and school life. Principals are key players in HPS implementation. However, concrete leadership practices in HPS in low- to middle-income countries have not been clarified. Therefore, this study aimed to explore and generate themes surrounding the leadership practices of principals in implementation of school health in Indonesia, a predominantly Muslim country consisting of diverse religions that have expanded HPS at the national level.MethodsIn-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with the principals, teachers, parent representatives, and school board committee members in 10 target schools. FGDs were conducted with school health supervisory board members in Mataram City. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was undertaken to generate themes.ResultsThe principals demonstrated leadership practices based on their religious beliefs, values, and morals. This may suggest that beliefs and morals support an understanding of their responsibility to ensure the well-being of all school community members, regardless of religion, in a diverse environment that is predominantly Muslim but also multicultural and multi-religious. Further, these beliefs and morals might reinforce implementation of school health. Importantly, the principals’ coordination skills in cooperating with multiple sectors might contribute to successful implementation of school health. Also, principals emphasized they were tasked to develop capacity for implementation of school health. Thus, principals should understand leadership in the implementation of school health as their duty from the training stage to encourage health at the school level.ConclusionIn this study, “have professional educators’ beliefs and religious beliefs and Indonesia’s morals” was generated as a new theme, whereas several common themes were found as in previous studies. The results of this study suggested the importance of leadership by principals in the implementation of school health. Strengthening the capacity of school principals by integrating the contents of school health leadership practice into pre- and in-service training through the development of a policy on principals’ duties in school health might contribute to the successful implementation of school health.

Effect of juggling expertise on pointing performance in peripheral vision.

Juggling is a very complex activity requiring motor, visual and coordination skills. Expert jugglers experience a "third eye" monitoring leftward and rightward ball zenith positions alternately, in the upper visual fields, while maintaining their gaze straight-ahead. This "third eye" reduces their motor noise (improved body stability and decrease in hand movement variability) as it avoids the numerous head and eye movements that add noise into the system and make trajectories more uncertain. Neuroimaging studies have shown that learning to juggle induces white and grey matter hypertrophy at the posterior intraparietal sulcus. Damage to this brain region leads to optic ataxia, a clinical condition characterised by peripheral pointing bias toward gaze position. We predicted that expert jugglers would, conversely, present better accuracy in a peripheral pointing task. The mean pointing accuracy of expert jugglers was better for peripheral pointing within the upper visual field, compatible with their subjective experience of the "third eye". Further analyses showed that experts exhibited much less between-subject variability than beginners, reinforcing the interpretation of a vertically asymmetrical calibration of peripheral space, characteristic of juggling and homogenous in the expert group. On the contrary, individual pointing variability did not differ between groups neither globally nor in any sector of space, showing that the reduced motor noise of experts in juggling did not transfer to pointing. It is concluded that the plasticity of the posterior intraparietal sulcus related to juggling expertise does not consist of globally improved visual-to-motor ability. It rather consists of peripheral space calibration by practicing horizontal covert shifts of the attentional spotlight within the upper visual field, between left and right ball zenith positions.

Maintenance engineering in practice

Maintenance engineering has traditionally been viewed as a hands-on field with strong inclination toward mechanical engineering. With advances in information technology, operations management, and manufacturing systems, such an understanding of mechanical engineering is no longer valid. This paper sheds light on what maintenance engineering means today and what maintenance is in practice. The paper is based on firsthand experiences and insights gained by the author while working as a senior maintenance engineer. It provides a conceptual guide to the skills and expertise, such as analytical skills, coordination skills and technical know-how, required of today’s maintenance engineers. It also offers design principles for enhancing these skills and summarizes the findings into a design of a suitable maintenance engineer profile. The insights shared in this paper can help both academics and practitioners advance the field of maintenance engineering and bridge the gap between science and practice.

Motor activities to improve maths performance in pre-school children with typical development.

Poor maths skills are associated with negative outcomes throughout life, such as lower academic qualifications, decreased professional success and socio-economic results. Mathematical skills emerge continuously throughout childhood and those that children acquire in pre-school are crucial for activities that support analytical thinking, problem-solving and reasoning and argumentation skills. Many of these activities are related to motor skills, since certain cognitive and motor areas of the brain are activated simultaneously when solving maths problems. Of all motor skills, visuomotor integration skills have been documented as those that are most consistently positively and significantly associated with maths performance in pre-school children. These skills are influenced by visual perception (spatial and attention skills), fine motor coordination and gross motor skills. Early intervention can improve visuomotor integration skills in pre-school children. Of all skills that make up visuomotor integration, spatial skills, in addition to being the first skills to influence numerical knowledge and the recognition of geometric shapes, are also those skills that form part of the majority of programs and activities to be worked on with pre-school children for the development of mathematical concepts. However, most intervention programs or activities to develop spatial skills are carried out in the classroom, usually through activities involving handling small objects. In this sense and given the significant association between visuomotor integration skills and gross motor skills, the main objective of this study was to list a set of activities to develop spatial skills, with a strong involvement of gross motor skills, in a classroom, playground or home context.

Conversational Coordination Skills Of Engineering Students—An Interpersonal Communication Perspective

Interpersonal skills are the fulcrum on which the levers of interpersonal relations revolve. It is imperative to maintain interpersonal rapport and conduct ourselves with the requisite communication competence with others. Interpersonal skills are the conduit through which students interact with others effectively and appropriately. Duality in interpersonal interactions determines the extent to which our conversations succeed or fail. Duality is a process where individuals feel respected and heard in their conversations. The foundational pillar of duality in interpersonal communication is reciprocity. Monopolizing communication is the antithesis of a productive conversation. This could amount to egotism or narcissism. Competent communicators talk and help others to express themselves. Participants in a conversation cannot have a huge number of latency pauses that stifle the smoothness of a conversation. Smooth coordination, turn taking, listening patiently without being judgemental, giving co-communicators opportunities to express their views and opinions are the crux of interpersonal communication competence. Results indicated that competent communicators not only talk and express their views but take it as a solemn responsibility to give others also a chance to express their views. Conversational narcissism defeats the purpose of smooth conversations. Further, students indicated that their overall conversational communication competence needs to improve. This paper will deal with the significance of conversational skills, the various elements of conversational coordination, the need to cultivate a reciprocal give and take in all our interpersonal interactions, what constitutes good conversational coordination, and why many of our conversations become awkward, laborious, and cumbersome. A meta-analysis of various findings of the relevance of interpersonal conversational coordination skills is discussed here. Finally, the steps to be taken to ensure that our interpersonal conversations are smooth and courteous marked by reciprocity, respect, and empathy will be discussed.

ОCОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ КООРДИНАЦИОННЫХ СПОСОБНОСТЕЙ У ДЕТЕЙ МЛАДШЕГО ШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА

In the article the specifics of the development of coordination skills of younger schoolchildren. The content of the work substantiates the relevance, goals and objectives of the study, and considers methods for diagnosing these qualities of students. The author also reveals the content of the program for the development of these qualities of younger schoolchildren, shows and substantiates the dynamics of positive changes in the framework of the implementation of the ascertaining and control stages of the experimental study.

Development of Normative Data of the Athletic Skill Track and Development Coordination Disorder Questionnaire in Children

Background: The escalating prevalence of pediatric obesity and the concomitant decline in physical activity levels have underscored the imperative to rigorously assess motor competencies in the younger demographic. The Athletic Skill Track (AST) and Development Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) are pivotal instruments in this context. However, normative benchmarks for these tools, particularly within the Pakistani pediatric milieu, remain inadequately delineated. Objective: This investigation aimed to establish preliminary normative benchmarks for AST and DCDQ among a cohort of children aged 4 to 12 years in Lahore, Pakistan. A secondary objective involved delineating gender disparities in test performance and elucidating the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and test outcomes. Methods: Adopting a cross-sectional study framework, data were collated from an urban-based private school in Lahore, utilizing convenience sampling methods. The participant pool comprised 500 healthy children within the 4-12 age bracket. The research protocol encompassed anthropometric measurements and subsequent administration of AST and DCDQ. Data analysis was executed utilizing SPSS software, version 28.0. Results: The study unveiled a marked gender-based disparity in AST performance, with boys manifesting superior rapidity across all AST tracks (AST 1: Mean=21.84, SD=4.99; AST 2: Mean=22.66, SD=5.083; AST 3: Mean=20.23, SD=4.76). An age-progressive enhancement in test performance was evident, as reflected in the linear decrement in completion times for AST-1 and AST-2 with advancing age. This trend, however, exhibited deviations from extant literature in specific cohorts, particularly in nine-year-old participants. In the realm of DCDQ outcomes, a significant positive correlation with age was observed, suggesting developmental advancements in coordination skills. The gender analysis revealed that boys outperformed girls in DCDQ assessments (Boys: Mean=60.17, SD=5.87; Girls: Mean=57.45, SD=7.09). Conclusion: The present study enriches the extant body of knowledge by providing essential normative data for AST and DCDQ within a Pakistani pediatric population. It underscores notable gender and age-related variances in motor skills and coordination, offering critical insights for the formulation of targeted interventions and early detection strategies in motor skill development.

Impact of Mahjong Game on the Physical, Mental and Cognitive Health of the Elderly in China

Objective: The mahjong game is known for stimulating cognitive skills and improving the physical and mental functioning of particularly the elderly population. This study discusses how the mahjong game is extended from leisure and entertainment to improving the physical, mental and cognitive health of the elderly. Methodology: The study utilized a qualitative and explorative research design to examine the impact of mahjong activities on physical, cognitive and mental states of the elderly in China. The data was collected through both primary and secondary sources. Being empirical in nature, the study findings were analyzed through sorting techniques and content analysis, categorizing the impact into physical, cognitive and mental impacts. Results:The study found out severe impacts of the mahjong game on nervous system, cardiovascular system, nervous systems and digestive tract of the elderly. The study also evaluated the cognitive and emotional abilities of the elderly in some cases like dementia and depression, mahjong is reported to have positive effects. Conclusion: Elderly people should adjust the arrangement of recreational mahjong activities according to their conditions. The findings of this article would be beneficial and serve as a reference to future mahjong-related research. It may also be used therapeutically to treat emotional problems and poor coordination skills among the elderly.

MENGEMBANGKAN FISIK MOTORIK HALUS ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI KEGIATAN MEMBATIK DI RA ISLAMIYAH TRIWUNG KIDUL

Fine motor skills are the ability to organize real movements that only cover certain parts of the body and are carried out by small muscles, such as fingers and precise movements of the wrist. One of the movements that can be implemented to develop children's fine coordination skills is batik activities to develop the fine motor skills of young children. RA Islamiyah Triwung Kidul will be the place for this research, which is undertaking develop fine motor physical abilities in early childhood through batik activities. The importance of physical development of fine motor skills at the beginning of early childhood development is the basis for the formulation of this research. Fine motor physical abilities in early childhood education are still lacking, especially in pre-writing tasks such as holding a pencil that is still stiff and tracing it, and coloring that still has streaks on it. Basic batik projects can help improve fine motor skills. Methodology This research uses qualitative research methods. We call this kind of research descriptive research. and describes real-world events taking information from documents, interviews, and observations. The research conclusion shows that even a simple batik project can improve the fine motor physical abilities of young children. Key words : Batik, Early Childhood, Fine Motor Skills.