Cooperative Knowledge Research Articles

From spectatorship to loyalty: Unraveling the influence of game streaming watch and gaming-related social connectivity on MOBA gamers

Online gaming is quickly gaining popularity, but the effects of game streaming and social connections on player loyalty remain under-explored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of watching game streaming and game-related social connections on player loyalty in MOBA games based on social cognitive theory and social capital theory. Game streaming watching was hypothesized to have a positive effect on personal skills and cooperative game knowledge, and game-related social connections had a positive effect on cooperative game knowledge. In addition, the study examined the effects of these factors on player loyalty. The study was conducted by constructing structural equation modeling and administering questionnaires to 415 MOBA gamers. Specifically, watching game streams significantly improves individual skill and cooperative game knowledge, which in turn positively affects game loyalty. Game-related social connections also significantly increase cooperative game knowledge and directly contribute to higher game loyalty. Furthermore, both individual skill and game cooperation knowledge positively mediated the relationship between game streaming watch and game loyalty. This study provides valuable insights for stakeholders and game industry practitioners by elucidating the mechanisms behind MOBA game loyalty, and promotes greater engagement among MOBA gamers.

The Current Role of Western Development Actors as Knowledge and Policy Providers: The Making of Good Governance of Natural Gas Resources in Tanzania

The creation, dissemination, and application of knowledge are crucial for achieving sustainable development and have been at the heart of international development efforts since World War II. In conventional international development cooperation, the Global North is portrayed as the provider of knowledge and material assistance, with the South often perceived as a more passive receiver. This approach perpetuates hierarchical knowledge-power relations, as what is considered the ‘best practices’ are usually based on experiences, ideologies, and ideals from the North. This paper critically examines the current role of Western development actors as providers of knowledge and policy, specifically in the formulation of good governance for natural gas resources in Tanzania. Following significant offshore natural gas discoveries between 2010–2015, Tanzania has garnered the attention of international energy companies, foreign donors, technical advisors, and consultants, all offering guidance and capacity-building expertise to ready the country for production. Drawing on interviews with key actors supported by secondary sources, this analysis depicts how hierarchical knowledge relations persist, but also highlights the contested and evolving nature of what constitutes good governance of natural gas resources. The paper underscores how context matters in petroleum resource governance and, more broadly, the necessity for contextualising knowledge in international development cooperation.

Knowledge based interventions for sustainable development cooperation: insights from knowledge systems mapping in Zambia

Knowledge is an essential determinant and component of the international development cooperation agenda and projects. Therefore, it is vital to understand and reflect on how knowledge in international development cooperation is created, what knowledge counts, and how it influences the planning, implementation, and outcomes of international development cooperation projects. In this paper, we critically examine the knowledge system of the development cooperation of the Czech Republic, an emerging donor country, by applying system theory and utilizing system properties as an analytical tool. To this end, we carried out a multi-phase qualitative research with actors from the Czech Republic and Zambia. Subsequently, we analysed the knowledge system properties and identified those often overlooked by development actors, such as taboos, mistrust, and development burden, revealing how knowledge flows can be obstructed by these characteristics. In addition, we compiled a set of suitable interventions to tackle the overlooked system properties and foster knowledge cross-fertilisation. These interventions include, among others, active engagement of traditional leaders, active work with narratives of success, and introducing action-reflection-reaction cycle into the development practice. Furthermore, the proposed interventions clearly emphasize the need for more collaborative and transdisciplinary processes. Finally, we discuss that it is essential to uncover deep layers of the international development cooperation knowledge system to shift and leverage it towards more inclusive and just outcomes.

Cooperative Knowledge Distillation: A Learner Agnostic Approach

Knowledge distillation is a simple but powerful way to transfer knowledge between a teacher model to a student model. Existing work suffers from at least one of the following key limitations in terms of direction and scope of transfer which restrict its use: all knowledge is transferred from teacher to student regardless of whether or not that knowledge is useful, the student is the only one learning in this exchange, and typically distillation transfers knowledge only from a single teacher to a single student. We formulate a novel form of knowledge distillation in which many models can act as both students and teachers which we call cooperative distillation. The models cooperate as follows: a model (the student) identifies specific deficiencies in it's performance and searches for another model (the teacher) who encodes learned knowledge into instructional virtual instances via counterfactual instance generation. Because different models may have different strengths and weaknesses, all models can act as either students or teachers (cooperation) when appropriate and only distill knowledge in areas specific to their strengths (focus). Since counterfactuals as a paradigm are not tied to any specific algorithm, we can use this method to distill knowledge between learners of different architectures, algorithms, and even feature spaces. We demonstrate our approach not only outperforms baselines such as transfer learning, self-supervised learning, and multiple knowledge distillation algorithms on several datasets, but it can also be used in settings where the aforementioned techniques cannot.

Pengaruh Pelayanan, Nisbah Bagi Hasil, Dan Pengetahuan Koperasi Syariah Terhadap Keputusan Menabung Anggota KSPPS BMT Surya Abadi Riyanto Cabang Seputih Raman

This study aims to determine the effect of service, profit sharing ratio, and knowledge of Sharia Cooperatives on the decision to save members of KSPPS BMT Surya Abadi Riyanto Seputih Raman Branch. There is still a lack of people who decide to save or become members of KSPPS BMT Surya Abadi Riyanto, Seputih Raman branch, which is caused by several factors such as, from the perspective of members who save, there are still many complaints from members regarding poor service, inadequate facilities, and the views of members who are still minimal about Islamic cooperatives. In this study using analytical tools, namely SPSS (Static Package For Social Science). This study uses a type of Quantitative research, with a population of ± 3000 members, and a sample determined using the Slovin formula of 100 respondents. By doing several tests, namely, Validity Test, Reliability Test, Normality Test, Multicollinearity Test, Heteroscedasticity Test, Multiple Regression Analysis, t test, F test and Determinant Test (R2). Based on the results of the simultaneous test, it is obtained that the significant value is 0.000 <0.05 and the F-count value is 1231.804> 2.699, which means that there is a simultaneous influence between the Service variable (X1), Profit Sharing Rate (X2), and Sharia Cooperative Knowledge (X3) on the Saving Decision variable (Y). While the figure for R square is 0.975 or 97.5%. This shows that Service, Profit Sharing Rate, and Sharia Cooperative Knowledge have an effect of 97.5% on the Saving Decision of KSPPS BMT Surya Abadi Riyanto Branch Seputih Raman Members. The results showed that simultaneously Service, Profit Sharing Rate and Sharia Cooperative Knowledge had a significant effect on Member Saving Decisions, KSPPS BMT Surya Abadi Riyanto, Seputih Raman Branch should improve Services both in terms of facilities and infrastructure owned such as adding a queuing system, replacing employee support tools that have been worn out, provide a Profit Sharing Rate that is more profitable for members who save, and further educate or provide information so that members and prospective members (the public) have good Sharia Cooperative Knowledge such as products and services offered by KSPPS BMT Surya Abadi Riyanto, Seputih Raman Branch, so as to increase the Decision to Save Members and Prospective Members.

Has the agricultural cooperatives served each member fairly? A new perspective based on utilization level of member services.

With the rapid increase of the number of agricultural cooperatives in China, the problem of fake cooperatives has become more and more serious. The core problem is that some members do not use cooperative services, and elite capture phenomenon appears in the organization. Since services are one of the most important public goods attributes of cooperatives, it is important to ensure that more members use them. What are the factors that affect members' utilization level of cooperative services? Existing research does not provide a comprehensive answer. Based on the micro-survey data of 74 citrus cooperatives and 524 citrus members in China, the article found out that 50.9% of the members did not use any services provided by cooperatives, and only 20.04% of the members used cooperatives' sales services. So, this study empirically analyzes the factors that influence the use of cooperatives' services by puns model. The results show that quality of service, service convenience and mountain terrain promote the use of cooperative sales services for members. In addition, cooperative knowledge, planting area, surplus distribution, quality of service, and service convenience significantly increased the utilization leve of cooperative sales services by members. Finally, the study puts forward some suggestions, such as propagating cooperative sales service, improving the quality of cooperative sales service, perfecting cooperative distribution system.

Policy-induced cooperative knowledge network, university-industry collaboration and firm innovation: Evidence from the Greater Bay Area

The major goal of this paper is to analyze the interactive impact of China's high-tech policies on university-industry (UI) collaboration and firm innovation by a network-based approach. Introducing high-tech policy to traditional innovative networks, we constructed a policy-induced UI collaboration network and applied social network analysis (SNA) method to empirically study the role of high-tech policies and the underlying mechanisms in firm innovation in the Greater Bay Area (GBA). This policy-induced innovative network consists of over 2000 innovative entities in GBA from 2012 to 2021, which reflects dynamic characteristics of innovative activities in this region. Based on this network, we find that high-tech policies play a positive and key role in regional innovation and we also clarify some potential mechanisms and routes in the effect of policies on UI collaboration and firm innovation. This paper advances our understanding of innovative networks and policy-induced regional innovation, which has implications for innovation policymaking in world-class innovative centers.

Nurses' and Physicians' Experiences After Implementation of a Quality Improvement Project to Improve Sepsis Awareness in Hospitals.

Previous research has explored nurses´ experience with the implementation of early detection alert systems, and nurses and physicians' perceptions of sepsis management and use of sepsis triage. As one of the first, this study aims to investigate the perceived usefulness of an interdisciplinary quality improvement project including standardized sepsis patient pathway to improve the early identification and treatment of sepsis patients. This study was a qualitative study that employed semi-structured interviews with thirteen ward nurses and five ward physicians recruited by convenience and respondent-driven sampling, respectively. The interviews explored the perceived usefulness of mutual training in sepsis care in medical hospital wards. We applied Systematic Text Condensation to analyze the experiences and knowledge of professional identification and cooperation in early identification of sepsis patients. The results revealed three main themes: Awareness of sepsis, collaboration between nurses and physicians, and clinical assessment and judgement. The findings highlighted the positive impact of the project in terms of raising awareness, improving communication, and enhancing the ability to detect and treat sepsis. The study also identified the importance of repetition and reminders to maintain awareness, the need for ongoing training for new healthcare professionals, and the challenges of collaboration and decision-making processes. The sepsis intervention seemed successful in improving awareness of sepsis and enhancing interprofessional collaboration between nurses and physicians. Health professionals continued to rely on their clinical judgment but increased the use of objective measurements and communication of vital signs. Continuous repetition and education for new colleagues were identified as important factors for the sustainability of the intervention. Overall, the study highlights the importance of standardized protocols and training for early detection and management of sepsis in healthcare settings.

Analysis of Cooperative Knowledge, Cooperative Motivation and Cooperative Image on Economic Education Students' Interest in Cooperatives

Cooperatives are business entities that are in line with the economic system in Indonesia because they are based on the principle of family. So in the curriculum structure of the economic education study program there are courses in cooperative economics and cooperative management. The hope is that, after studying these courses, students can become cooperative catalysts, namely competent and committed to developing cooperatives in Indonesia. However, in reality, after conducting an initial survey of students of the 2019 economics study program, only 3 out of 81 students were members of the cooperative. The existence of cooperative courses should increase students' interest in becoming cooperative members. This research is correlational research with a quantitative approach. In this research, what was studied was the interest in cooperatives of Economic Education Study Program students. To measure each variable, namely cooperative knowledges, motivation to cooperate and cooperative images on interest in cooperatives using test instruments and questionnaires. The population in this study were students of the Economics Education Study Program. The results of this research are: 1) Cooperative Knowledge does not significantly influence interest in cooperatives; 2) Cooperative Motivation has a significant influence on interest in cooperatives; 3) Cooperative Image has a significant influence on the intention to cooperate and 4) Cooperative Knowledge, Cooperative Motivation and Cooperative Image have a simultaneous influence on the intention to cooperate.

The Ralahine experiment and the politics of land in late nineteenth-century Ireland

In 1823 Robert Owen arrived in Dublin to give a series of lectures setting out how a ‘New View of Society’ might be made manifest in Ireland. At the heart of Owen’s vision was the establishment of a series of co-operative, self-sustaining communities that would at once take people out of poverty while shaping their moral character. Owen’s visit would have been unremarkable if not for the fact that ten years later, a landlord called John Vandeleur reorganised his estate into a co-operative colony: Ralahine co-operative society, an Owenite commune where tenant farmers effectively become co‑partners in the estate’s management. Even though two years later the society collapsed, the legacy and memory of Ralahine exerted a hold over the imaginations of an assortment of land reformers, nationalists, and co-operators in Ireland. This article shows how a failed experiment in co-operative community building created an influential resource of co-operative knowledge that shaped political imaginaries and inspired alternative visions of property ownership in response to crises occurring in the second half of the nineteenth century. In particular, the work of Owenites involved in Ralahine, such as Craig and William Pare, is examined to locate the enduring historical relevance of the Irish Owenite commune.

СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ МОТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ КООПЕРАЦИИ

The emergence of new models of socially oriented cooperatives in the agrarian sector of the economy is a necessary condition for the realization of successful economic policy of the state, implemented in conditions of institutional tension. The cooperative movement in Russia has a unique multifaceted and at the same time complex character of functioning. With the powerful development of agricultural holdings, which act as the main drivers of agricultural production and export, small farmers face signifi cant problems in building a successful cooperative system. The purpose of the research, the results of which are presented in this article, is to develop a comprehensive approach to the study of social motives for the development of agricultural cooperation in the modern market environment in the context of its special role in the development of the agricultural industry, rural communities and rural areas. In the framework of this study, the factors constraining the development of cooperative associations were identifi ed, the model of values of new-type cooperatives was proposed, including the key role of leadership as the main driving force for the powerful development of agricultural cooperation. The factors of cooperative trust formation are identifi ed in order to increase motivation and encouragement to join these associations. The conclusions formulate the most signifi cant parameters of the new model of cooperative knowledge management, contributing to the sustainable development of the Russian cooperation in modern conditions, acceptable for its realization with the following parameters.

Knowledge sharing in global governance: a path in public goods delivery

ABSTRACT The exchange of knowledge in development cooperation can help overcome common challenges while providing collective solutions. Country, regional and global platforms play a crucial role to facilitate development cooperation at both national and international level, but there is a lack of knowledge on their structure and operationalisation. The aim of this paper is to fill this knowledge gap to assess how global platforms can contribute to bridge the establishment of national priorities with the provision of global public goods. By way of a documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews, the study examines the case of the South-South Galaxy, a platform created by the United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation to promote the exchange of solutions among all Southern knowledge sharing platforms. The main results find that each node of knowledge sharing works to build a shared understanding of good practices on the SDGs and make this knowledge universally accessible.

Cooperative distillation with X-ray images classifiers for prohibited items detection

As for the characteristics of the objects in the airtight package in the X-ray image, some prohibited items of the airtight package are difficult to be detected from the X-ray images with complex and overlapped backgrounds. In this article, the cooperative knowledge distillation method is used to enhance the prohibited items detection model in the X-ray image. To efficiently implement hard example mining, this article designs an Multi-task Classification Head (MCH) for teachers to provide prior knowledge of image-level and instance-level predictions. Different from the distillation method in which the students imitate the teacher, the algorithm in this article is implemented by the cooperation between teacher and student. In order to verify the effectiveness of this algorithm, a series of related experiments are carried out on PIDray and SIXray respectively. Experiments show that the algorithm improves the AP of State-of-the-Art dense object detectors (e.g., RetinaNet, ATSS, GFL, and TOOD) in SIXray by 1% ∼ 2%. Especially for prohibited items that are difficult to be found in X-ray images, the algorithm is more effective, and the dense object detectors can achieve a performance improvement of about AP of 2% on the Hidden subset of PIDray. The experiments demonstrate that the cooperative knowledge distillation algorithm proposed in this article can effectively enhance the performance of prohibited items detection, particularly showing more pronounced improvements in detecting hard examples.

Interpreting the Role of the State in Innovation Transformation:Review of “Dual Roles of the State: A National Innovation System Approach for Development and Transformation Analysis”

This article reviews the book “Dual Roles of the State: A National Innovation System Approach for Development and Transformation Analysis” by Feng Kaidong from Peking University. The neoclassical economic paradigm has limited explanatory power for innovation because it fails to grasp the non-linear, knowledge reticent character of innovation. The book explains the logic of innovation market interaction at the level of micro-network interactions. Unlike the perfect market, which is coordinated by price, the interaction between subjects in the innovation market is an organized process of mutual discovery and cooperative knowledge exchange. The “organized” market surpasses the perfect market because it is more in line with the information structure of innovation knowledge. The key to successful innovation is a smooth transition between public and private knowledge, and the best option for unlocking the knowledge conversion mechanism is the government. The state plays two roles in the innovation system: one is as an important institutional supplier and resource allocator for innovation activities, and the other is as a key driver of the transformation of the innovation economic system. Innovation transformation requires a concentration of resources by the state in strategic industries, and the transformation requires state capabilities such as the ability to allocate resources on a large scale and an information feedback mechanism that can identify strategic industries. Based on the historical analysis of innovation transformation in developed countries, the book explores the process and ways in which countries with successful transformation experiences acquire the national capabilities required for transformation, and provides new references for China's autonomous innovation system construction.

ELEMENTS OF COOPETITION STRATEGY

The research examines 129 coopetition models through a qualitative-quantitative study performed using the IRAMUTEQ software to provide the dimensions and variables with more representativeness in the coopetition strategy literature. We used three techniques: Lexical analysis, Descending Hierarchical Classification, and Similarity Analysis. The results showed one macro dimension and two subdimensions divided into six classes. The elements hierarchy was the Creation of coopetitive value, Coopetitive orientation, Strategic adjustment, Coopetitive alliances as determinants, Perceived benefits, and Organizational profile. Similarity analysis results validated both the hybrid nature of coopetition and applications of the construct in market environments and related to cooperative knowledge sharing.

High-Throughput Gel Microbeads as Incubators for Bacterial Competition Study.

Bacteria primarily live in structured environments, such as colonies and biofilms, attached to surfaces or growing within soft tissues. They are engaged in local competitive and cooperative interactions impacting our health and well-being, for example, by affecting population-level drug resistance. Our knowledge of bacterial competition and cooperation within soft matrices is incomplete, partly because we lack high-throughput tools to quantitatively study their interactions. Here, we introduce a method to generate a large amount of agarose microbeads that mimic the natural culture conditions experienced by bacteria to co-encapsulate two strains of fluorescence-labeled Escherichia coli. Focusing specifically on low bacterial inoculum (1-100 cells/capsule), we demonstrate a study on the formation of colonies of both strains within these 3D scaffolds and follow their growth kinetics and interaction using fluorescence microscopy in highly replicated experiments. We confirmed that the average final colony size is inversely proportional to the inoculum size in this semi-solid environment as a result of limited available resources. Furthermore, the colony shape and fluorescence intensity per colony are distinctly different in monoculture and co-culture. The experimental observations in mono- and co-culture are compared with predictions from a simple growth model. We suggest that our high throughput and small footprint microbead system is an excellent platform for future investigation of competitive and cooperative interactions in bacterial communities under diverse conditions, including antibiotics stress.

The influence of the two-tier network of a regional innovation system on knowledge emergence

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the characteristics of a two-tier network featuring internal subject cooperation and external embedded cooperation in the context of regional innovation systems (RISs) and explore the influence of network characteristics on knowledge emergence.Design/methodology/approachUsing social network analysis, a two-tier internal and external cooperation network of a RIS is constructed. A negative binomial regression method is used to explore the effects of the characteristics of these two-tier internal and external networks on knowledge emergence, the moderating effect of the cooperation knowledge base in this context is investigated and grouping and quantile regressions are used to conduct heterogeneity analysis.FindingsThe scale of the internal cooperation network has a positive effect on knowledge emergence, and the betweenness centralization of the internal cooperation network has an inverted U-shaped effect on knowledge emergence. The scale and structural holes of the external embedded network have an inverted U-shaped effect on knowledge emergence. Furthermore, the internal cooperation knowledge base weakens the influence of the external embedded network on knowledge emergence.Practical implicationsThis research may enlighten policymakers with respect to improving the scale and structure of the RIS cooperation network and matching the embedded network based on the internal cooperation knowledge base to promote knowledge emergence.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the study of knowledge emergence by exploring the influence of a two-tier network structure and scale characteristics on knowledge emergence in RISs. This paper also extends the framework of relevant research by integrating the internal cooperation knowledge base into the analysis of externally embedded cooperation and knowledge emergence.

Cooperate to play: How in-game cooperation knowledge impacts online gamer loyalty

Online games are prominent computer applications worldwide. Gamers form teams to cooperate to achieve gaming goals. If gamers do not have in-game cooperation knowledge, they may find it difficult to integrate into gaming groups (e.g., teams and communities), which may further undermine their loyalty toward online games. Nevertheless, little is known about how in-game cooperation knowledge forms online gamer loyalty, indicating a research gap. This gap hinders game makers from effectively allocating resources to strengthen gamer loyalty. Based on social capital theory, we develop a model to fill this gap. We collected 3036 responses from online gamers and used hierarchical regression to analyze the data. We find that cooperation knowledge, team participation experience, and gaming community identification are positively related to online gamer loyalty. Moreover, cooperation knowledge strengthens the relationship between team participation experience and loyalty. Overall, our findings uniquely inform game providers that gamers’ cooperation knowledge not only directly strengthens gamer loyalty but also amplifies the positive impact of team participation experience on loyalty.

SUMOylation regulates pre-mRNA splicing to overcome DNA damage in fungi.

Pathogenic fungi are subject to DNA damage stress derived from host immune responses during infection. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification and precursor (pre)-mRNA splicing are both involved in DNA damage response (DDR). However, the mechanisms of how SUMOylation and splicing coordinated in DDR remain largely unknown. Combining with biochemical analysis, RNA-Seq method, and biological analysis, we report that SUMO pathway participates in DDR and virulence in Fusarium graminearum, a causal agent of Fusarium head blight of cereal crops world-wide. Interestingly, a key transcription factor FgSR is SUMOylated upon DNA damage stress. SUMOylation regulates FgSR nuclear-cytoplasmic partitioning and its phosphorylation by FgMec1, and promotes its interaction with chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF for activating the expression of DDR-related genes. Moreover, the SWI/SNF complex was found to further recruit splicing-related NineTeen Complex, subsequently modulates pre-mRNA splicing during DDR. Our findings reveal a novel function of SUMOylation in DDR by regulating a transcription factor to orchestrate gene expression and pre-mRNA splicing to overcome DNA damage during the infection of F.graminearum, which advances the understanding of the delicate regulation of DDR by SUMOylation in pathogenic fungi, and extends the knowledge of cooperation of SUMOylation and pre-mRNA splicing in DDR in eukaryotes.

BRICS na produção e distribuição de vacinas de covid-19 aos países do sul

Abstract This study describes the participation of the BRICS in the production and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines in 2020 and 2021 and its commitment to prioritizing access by the countries of the Global South. It also reflects on how the Group dealt with the challenges of technology sharing and the economic empowerment of peripheral countries, signaling the space dispute between vaccine diplomacy and the economic interests of nations. This analysis was based on institutional reports, journalistic and scientific documentary data, and their dialogue with the knowledge of Health Diplomacy and International Health Cooperation, showing the complexity and challenges of the world after the emergence of the SARSCoV-2 virus and its variables.