Conventional Sports Research Articles

Student Interest in Traditional Sports in the Era of Society 5.0

Given the strong connection between physical activities, such as sports, and factors like quality of life, health, and overall well-being, it is crucial for every person to cultivate an interest in sports. Many sports that are popular throughout the community are categorised as "traditional." Traditional sports are activities that take place on a flat or level surface and involve the use of conventional equipment. There are two sorts of characteristics, namely intrinsic and extrinsic variables, that can impact an individual's inclination for traditional athletics. The investigation sought to ascertain the level of enthusiasm for conventional sports among students at Bina Guna STOK. This inquiry utilised quantitative descriptive analysis. The population being utilised refers to the group of students from the 2023 cohort at PJKR STOK Bina Guna Medan. The snowball sample technique, encompassing a total of fifty individuals, was employed. A questionnaire is a research tool that is utilised. The findings of the comprehensive analysis indicate that students at STIKP Pasundan have a significant inclination towards traditional sports, with a 4% share classified as "moderate," 58% as "high," and 28% as "very high." Based on the percentage of interest, the average value obtained for the interest of Bina Guna STOK students in traditional sports is classed as "High".

Efficacy of Martial Arts in Higher Education Affecting Students’ Psychosocial Behavior and Academic Performance

Martial arts, rooted in Chinese martial arts traditions, provides an avenue for cultural appreciation. In higher education, exposure to martial arts can enhance students' understanding and appreciation of diverse cultural practices; martial arts offer an alternative and culturally rich approach to physical education in higher learning institutions, diversifying the options available for students seeking physical activity beyond conventional sports. This paper draws the following conclusions: (1) The efficacy of martial arts in higher education is contingent on thoughtful program design, addressing individual differences, and recognizing the broader impact on students' psychosocial behavior and academic experiences. (2) The practice of martial arts forms and mindfulness techniques contributes to emotional balance, positively impacting the mental resilience necessary for academic success. (3) Martial arts education instills discipline and self-control, transcending the physical domain to influence positive behavioral outcomes. (4) Students participating in martial arts programs often exhibit increased self-discipline, responsibility, and a proactive approach to academic challenges, fostering a conducive learning environment. (5) Martial arts education's efficacy lies in its ability to promote holistic promote the holistic development. By combining physical fitness with mental focus and discipline, martial arts contribute to a well-rounded educational experience, nurturing not only academic excellence but also personal growth and character development.

Correlation Analysis of Body Fat Percentage, Muscle Mass, and Bone Mass with Punch Speed in Kumite Karate Athletes

Objective. Anthropometry is recognized as a significant determinant of athletic performance. Despite extensive research on anthropometric factors in conventional sports, limited attention has been given to specific martial arts disciplines, notably in elite karate athletes. Hence, this investigation seeks to explore the correlation between muscle mass, body fat percentage, bone mass, and punch speed among karate athletes. Methods. A total 15 male elite-level karate athletes participated in thsi study. Body weight, body fat percentage, bone mass, and muscle mass were assessed utilizing the Xiaomi Scale 2, whereas punch speed was gauged employing the Hykso Punch Tracker. Results. There was a positive relationship with body fat percentage of 0.679, right speed had a positive relationship with body fat percentage of 0.609, and maximal speed had a negative relationship with body fat percentage of -0.692. While the muscle mass variable shows a correlation value with a left speed of -0.687, at the right speed of -0.616, and at a maximum speed of 0.701. In addition, the bone mass variable has a correlation value with left speed of -0.734, right speed of 0.592, and maximum speed of 0.805. Conclusion. A positive correlation between body fat percentage, muscle mass, and bone mass with punch speed among karate athletes. Athletes exhibiting lower muscle mass and higher body fat tended to demonstrate slower punching speeds. Consequently, the assessment of body fat percentage, muscle mass, and bone mass emerges as a valuable tool for informing the technical aspects of training, particularly in enhancing punch speed for karate practitioners. Keywords: Body Fat, Muscle Mass, Bone Mass, Punch, Karate

An Exploratory Study on the Conceptualization of Burnout among the Professional Esports Athletes: Focused on League of Legends Champions Korea League.

Research on the stress and burnout experienced by athletes in the esports field remains limited, necessitating an approach that considers the unique environment and circumstances of esports athletes. This study aims to explore the conceptualization of burnout experiences among professional esports athletes. The participants included 88 athletes from the League of Legends Championship Korea (LCK). Among these, in-depth interviews were conducted with 7 athletes who had experience in international tournaments (the World Championship), while an open-ended survey was completed by 81 athletes. Data collected through in-depth interviews and an open-ended survey were digitized and utilized for analysis. Through critical review by another author and inductive categorization, the conceptual components of esports athletes' burnout were derived. Through the analysis of 251 raw datum, it was conceptualized into five conceptual factors: performance, overtraining, interpersonal relationships, physical and psychological exhaustion, and career and motivation. The results of this study confirm that esports athletes, like athletes in other conventional sports, experience burnout during their careers, highlighting issues in their unique environment, particularly in aspects of interpersonal relationships and training and rest conditions. This research can serve as a foundational resource for effective athletes' psychological health management in the esports field and underscores the need for further research on burnout among esports athletes.

ESPORTS: PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES

<p>Esports are increasingly popular and are becoming more similar to conventional sports. This is due to the social interaction and community-building aspects, as well as the sporting elements embedded in the virtual environments of the video games they include. Esports are a topic of interest for the interdisciplinary field of Philosophy of Sport, which examines the various dimensions of sport in relation to human values. The aim of this paper is to illuminate the existing philosophical debate on the relationship between esports and the Philosophy of Sport. The paper is a philosophical work that aims to highlight the arguments of sports philosophers on esports over the last twenty years. The argument of this paper is that the focus of philosophical interest is not located in matters of ethics but also not in the human being itself. The majority of philosophical papers on esports focus on whether they can be considered real sports or Olympic sports. Other topics include their definition or institutionalisation, physicality, skill requirements, cheating, and corruption. Rules and the identity of esports players are also of concern to philosophers in the field of Philosophy of Sport. This research is significant due to its relevance and timeliness in the field of esports, as well as its contribution to philosophical discussions surrounding the topic. By advancing both philosophical and empirical research and providing ample material for reflection and debate, the paper is a valuable resource for researchers interested in studying and reflecting on esports.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0777/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

THE ESPORTS ECOSYSTEM

Esports constitute an organized competitive human activity involving video games using either the internet or a local area network (LAN). Notably, esports follow a distinct historical trajectory, which has resulted in their present characteristics, including competition, social interaction, economic-cultural elements, entertainment, popularity, and professionalism. The ecosystem of esports includes video games, players, teams, viewers, game communities, institutions, publishers, and any sponsors associated with them. This paper aims to describe the esports ecosystem and its elements. The argument put forth is that esports possess all the extrinsic elements that are characteristic of conventional sports. This is a theoretical article based on pertinent information and data from the relevant literature. The characteristics of esports can be categorised into four dimensions: the gaming dimension, the governance dimension, the social dimension, and the dimension of esports as an entertainment industry. This suggests that esports are becoming more similar to conventional sports. However, the question remains as to whether esports can really be considered as sports.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0701/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Application of graphene nanoparticles in sports clothing for enhancing moisture absorption, breathability, wear resistance, and antimicrobial properties

Carbon nanomaterials, with their exceptional properties, exhibit promising potential in the textile industry. In this study, we prepare sports clothing containing graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) for college physical education (PE) teachers and investigate its performance such as moisture absorption, breathability, wear resistance, and antimicrobial properties. The results showed that the moisture absorption rate and air permeability of the sports clothing containing GNPs were significantly superior (31.3% and 203.5 mm/s respectively) compared to conventional sports clothing. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that the sports clothing containing GNPs has excellent wear-resistance and antimicrobial properties. In conclusion, these findings suggest that GNPs can enhance performance in sportswear, which not only provides university physical education instructors with high-quality and durable athletic gear but also offers novel insights into the sports equipment industry.

Assessing the Influence of Unstable Footwear on Lower Limb Lymphedema

Introduction: Unstable shoes may benefit lower limb lymphedema patients by reducing foot volume and relieving symptoms. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of unstable shoes versus conventional sports shoes in managing lower limb lymphedema, focusing on changes in foot volume, circumference, and symptom relief. Methods: We conducted an 8-week clinical trial, recruiting patients with lower limb lymphedema. Participants were divided into 2 groups: one using unstable shoes and the other using conventional sports shoes. Measurements of foot volume and circumference were taken at the beginning and end of the trial. Additionally, participants were asked to report any changes in leg cramps and paraesthesia during the study period. Results: The results indicated a nonstatistically significant tendency toward a decrease in foot volume and circumference in the intervention group using unstable shoes. In contrast, the control group using conventional sports shoes showed a tendency toward an increase in foot volume and a statistically significant increase in foot circumference. Moreover, participants in the unstable shoes group reported a decrease in leg cramps and paraesthesia, indicating potential symptom relief. Conclusions: This study suggests that unstable shoes have the potential to offer benefits to individuals with lower limb lymphedema, particularly in terms of foot volume reduction and symptom relief. The use of unstable shoes may be suitable for activities such as walking and extended periods of standing. However, further research is necessary to explore their full potential and effectiveness in managing lymphedema symptoms comprehensively.

Building Muscles from Eating Insects

Research and market data have shown a growing demand for sports supplements and increasing consumers’ awareness regarding their health and environmental attributes. An extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework was tested to explain insect-based protein bars and powder consumption among 256 Brazilians who are gym users and consume conventional sports supplements and results were analyzed using PLS-SEM. Perceived risk outperformed attitude as a predictor, diminishing the intention to consume insect-based sports supplements. Health proved to be the most important explanatory factor of attitude, while sustainability resulted in a smaller effect and taste impact was not significant. Whereas media was significant and a relatively strong predictor of the subjective norm, experts were not. Media content, such as social media, receives more attention and the information that gym users value is not predominantly provided by health professionals in the case of muscle-building products. Policymakers, marketing professionals, consumer psychology and product development can also benefit from the results to provide clear and accessible information about supplements across all sporting communities to reduce risk perception and increase acceptance.

Formulation of Standards for Assessing the Impact of Physical Education on Hue University Students

Assessing the influence of physical education on students is crucial for enhancing both the physical education training and its associated components. To ensure precise assessment outcomes, it's vital to establish a set of evaluation standards that align with the scientific rigor and the unique aspects of physical education. We've undertaken research using conventional sports science research techniques to establish a comprehensive set of standards for evaluating the effects of physical education on university students, encompassing three standards, fifteen criteria, and forty-two indicators.

Enhancing students’ hyperactivity disorder through physical education classroom design and blended teaching: a research study

Background Hyperactivity disorder significantly affects their academic and mental health. The research aims to explore whether the design of physical education classrooms using blended learning can have a positive effect on students’ ADHD psychology.Subjects and MethodsParticipants were selected from a school and divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group experienced a blended teaching approach within the physical education classroom, combining conventional sports activities with interactive e-learning resources. In contrast, the control group followed a traditional physical education classroom design. Data collection tools comprised a hyperactivity disorder questionnaire and psychological assessment tools, with Epidata 2.0 employed for data processing.ResultsThe scores of hyperactivity disorder in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The average ADHD score of the experimental group students decreased from the initial 6.78 to 3.92, while the average ADHD score of the control group students decreased from the initial 7.12 to 6.28. The difference between the experimental group and the control group was verified to be statistically significant using appropriate statistical methods.Conclusions The incorporation of blended learning within the physical education classroom design yields a positive impact on students’ hyperactivity disorder psychology. The integration of traditional sports activities with interactive e-learning resources establishes a more diverse and adaptable learning environment. This approach enables students to channel excess energy effectively, thereby enhancing their focus and self-regulation capabilities.

Coconut Water: A Sports Drink Alternative?

Coconut water is used as an alternative to conventional sports drinks for hydration during endurance cycling; however, evidence supporting its use is limited. This study determined if drinking coconut water compared to a sports drink altered cycling performance and physiology. In a randomized crossover trial, 19 experienced male (n = 15) and female (n = 4) cyclists (age 30 ± 9 years, body mass 79 ± 11 kg, V̇O2 peak 55 ± 8 mL·kg-1·min-1) completed two experimental trials, consuming either a commercially available sports drink or iso-calorific coconut water during 90 min of sub-maximal cycling at 70% of their peak power output, followed by a simulated, variable gradient, 20 km time trial. Blood glucose, lactate, sweat loss, and heart rate were monitored throughout the 90 min of sub-maximal cycling, as well as the time trial performance (seconds) and average power (watts). A repeated measures analysis of variance and effect sizes (Cohen's d) analysis were applied. There were no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) between the treatments for any of the measured physiological or performance variables. Additionally, the effect size analysis showed only trivial (d ≤ 0.2) differences between the treatments for all the measured variables, except blood glucose, which was lower in the coconut water trial compared to the sports drink trial (d = 0.31). Consuming coconut water had a similar effect on the cycling time trial performance and the physiological responses to consuming a commercially available sports drink.

Adapted Sport: A Bibliometric Analysis

Adapted sports (AS) allows the physical activity level to increase in groups such as people with disabilities, pregnant women, children and older people. AS modifies conventional sports' formal structure to make them accessible. This study aimed to analyse the trend followed by the annual publications on this topic and identify the most productive and cited authors, journals, and countries with the highest number of publications, the most cited documents and the most used keywords. The search was conducted in the Web of Science (WoS) and traditional bibliometric laws were applied. A total of 398 documents were identified. The annual publications followed an exponential growth trend (R2=89.5%). "Influence of Adapted Sport on Quality of Life: Perceptions of Athletes with Cerebral Palsy" was the most cited document. The categories of most interest to researchers were Sports Science and Rehabilitation. The journal with the higher number of publications was Retos-Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación. The USA had the highest number of published documents (122 documents) and citations (973), leading extensive research networks worldwide. A total of 1270 authors have published on this topic, using "adapted sport", "adaptive sport", "disability, and "physical activity" as the most used keywords. Makhov (12 documents) was the most prolific co-author, and Lundberg was the most cited. Keywords: Adaptive Sport; Modified Sport; Disability; Physical Activity; Exercise.

Proximity Sports as a Sustainable Strategy for the Promotion of Physical Activity at an Early Age: The KIA Project

This paper presents the main results of the Kids in Action (KIA) project, which aimed to promote physical activity and sport among children aged 3 to 11, by linking the education, sports, and family sectors. It applies the concepts of proximity consumption and the 15-min city to sustainable and healthy habits. This study aims to evaluate the application of the concept of proximity to the provision of physical sports activities from an early age to reduce the drop-out rate of PA through collaboration between schools, local government, and the sports sector. A mixed methodology was used, applying a survey and interviews with the stakeholders to identify good practices when promoting physical activity at an early age. A total of 147 children and 10 adults (3 family members, 4 school managers or teachers, and 3 sports managers) participated. The main results included the importance of introducing sport and providing adequate facilities, namely through guided workshops. It influences not only the actual participation in sport but also the intention to continue practicing it. It is observed that children with less affinity for conventional sports benefit particularly from initiatives such as the KIA program. On the other hand, the lack of available resources and the influence of sports culture in families are considered the main barriers. They are factors that harm the quality of participation.

PUSAT PEMBINAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN E-SPORT DI KOTA BANJARBARU

Banjarbaru has become a thriving city with various existing communities, from art, food, clothing, conventional sports, and electronic sports, which can invite people from outside the city to come. The electronic sports in Banjarbaru has the potential to be developed as an opportunity to show the local children's potential and have quality players who are no less competitive. Along with the rapid development of E-Sports, and the increasing number of enthusiasts who are highly expected in Banjarbaru, a Guidance and Development are needed to accommodate E-Sport enthusiasts themselves to practice and obtain adequate facilities. The Eco-Futuristic Architecture theme is applied to the design because E-Sport is closely related to technology that has developed until today.

Permainan Olahraga Tradisional SMAN 1 Polewali Mandar

The Community Diversity Program implemented at SMAN 1 Polewali Mandar aims to address the issue of disparities and boredom in students' learning that often occur in school. Through this program, students will be given the opportunity to play simple, innovative, and challenging traditional games. This is expected to revive their interest in learning and make them more ready and motivated to continue their studies after a break. The program will last for 240 minutes and will use a hands-on approach and lecture method. In the hands-on session, students will play traditional sports games and are expected to be physically active, thus improving their gross motor development. This program will also enhance students' understanding of conventional sports games and provide them with the opportunity to create traditional games as creative and enjoyable learning materials. This community literacy program is very important for students' development as the physical activities performed during the program will help improve their physical condition, making them fresher and more enthusiastic to continue their studies. It is hoped that this will motivate them to be more active and enthusiastic in learning and participating in other school activities

The AACTT of Trash Talk: Identifying Forms of Trash Talk in Esports Using Behavior Specification

Esports, much like conventional sports, are guided by social norms that determine the acceptability or unacceptability of certain behaviors. One act guided by social norms is trash talk. However, understanding its practice has been difficult due to the various definitions of its use. Focusing on the first-person shooter genre, this study aimed to uncover and encapsulate the various forms of trash talk into a single framework. Applying Presseau et al.’s Action, Actor, Context, Target, and Time (AACTT) framework for specifying behavior, 61 cases of trash talk were analyzed across Counter Strike: Global Offensive, Overwatch, and Rainbow Six: Siege esports. Actions associated with trash talk were primarily found through verbal and written exchanges though they can occur through in-game mechanics—a practice unique to esports. Traditionally, actors and targets are the professional players in a game. However, trash talking was also practiced by coaches, stage talent, and esport organizations. The context of trash talk can be further identified through physical, environmental, and social settings, nd whether the time trash talk occurs is centered around a match or tournament. Understanding the impact of each AACTT element may have on the social norms of trash talk can allow researchers to further distinguish behaviors across esport consumers.

GgViz: Accelerating Large-Scale Esports Game Analysis

While esports organizations are increasingly adopting practices of conventional sports teams, such as dedicated analysts and data-driven decision-making, video-based game review is still the primary mode of game analysis. In conventional sports, advances in data collection have introduced systems that allow for sketch-based querying of game situations. However, due to data limitations, as well as differences in the sport itself, esports has seen a dearth of such systems. In this paper, we leverage player tracking data for Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (CSGO) to develop ggViz, a visual analytics system that allows users to query a large esports data set through game state sketches to find similar game states. Users are guided to game states of interest using win probability charts and round icons, and can summarize collections of states through heatmaps. We motivate our design through interviews with esports experts to especially address the issue of game review. We demonstrate ggViz's utility through detailed case studies and expert interviews with coaches, managers, and analysts from professional esports teams.

Esports Associations and the Pursuit of Legitimacy: Evidence From Germany.

The dominant position of esports game publishers is a fundamental difference between the systemic governance of esports and traditional sports. There are no such equivalent organizations in traditional sports. As for-profit corporations, the publishers develop and market the electronic games as their commercial products and thus, possess exclusive property rights. Publishers control the virtual sporting environment and the rules of the game. In conventional sports, by contrast, non-profit associations administer their sports with the core task of developing the sport by regulations, playing rules, and licensing. There are, however, esports associations which resemble traditional leagues and national governing bodies. Given this, we explore how esports associations pursue legitimacy. This study is empirically motivated by the recent emergence of two esports associations in the insightful case of Germany and examines the pursuit of legitimacy by the World Esports Association (WESA) and the eSport-Bund Deutschland e.V. (ESBD). The study is based on a content analysis of 55 documents and nine interviews with relevant stakeholders. The findings show that the esports associations rely on conformance and manipulation strategies by transferring existing structures from traditional sports to esports. The most effective practices are lobbying for social and public acceptance of esports and creating supportive networks for esports development. While publishers possess an undisputed and taken-for-granted legitimacy based on their product property rights, esports associations struggle for recognition and acceptance. They may still have a long way to go, given that established associations in conventional sports have a history for decades. Yet, esports associations need to accept publisher dominance. Thus, they can only claim partial legitimacy within the esports ecosystem by targeting segments of stakeholders. Management, policy and theoretical implications of this key insight are finally presented.

E-sports and the application of sports and labor legislation

Objective: The present study aims to describe the similarities between e-Sports and the conventional Sports, in order to emulate the viability of conventional Sports law to regulate the relations formalized with cyber athletes, at least until the emergence of a specific legal regulation on e-Sports. The interaction between Labor Law and those relations will be focused too, in order to confer social rights security, especially constitutional human rights involved on that debate.Methodology: The article is a theoretical approach that seeks to recognize how the dynamics of e-Sports encompass the legal science of Sports Law, based on the deductive method, supported by market analysis, legal research and bibliographic review.Originality/Relevance: Nowadays some discussions suggest a controversy about the e-Sports legal framework at Brazil, especially about the application of the conventional Sports Law and interaction with the Labor Law discipline. This controversy is not justifiable, either because e-Sports constitute a sport in the authentic sense, or because all work relationships in this field are bound to the legal parameters of adjudication of social rights provided for in the Constitution. This constitutional approach is important because the legitimacy of e-Sports initiatives depends on that, putting on the core of the business consider the real legal limits emerging of the State regulations applicably incidents on contracts signed with cyber athletes. In the course of Revolution 4.0, those approximations between conventional ways and electronic ones will be the tonic of the society transition onto technological new way of life. Describing those interactions is essential to provide new ways of State´s legal regulations, attributing liberty on business dynamics and ensuring social rights on the labor relations. The parameters of ethics on business here emerges as exigencies by ESG (Environment, Social and Governance) administration models, which is embraced by relevant theories, as the John Elkington´s one, especially on his concept of triple bottom line.Main results: The activity that has been called e-Sports and its vertiginous growth puts pressure on the legal system to reach appropriateness solutions for the controversies that arises from the relationships between players, clubs, associations and all of stakeholders rounding this innovative market. Immediately, the application of Sports and Labor Law emerges as a palliative solution, but specific new regulations are necessary, in order to provide development ways to the businesses, focusing on liberty for the market dynamics and on security for the social rights.Theoretical/methodological contributions: The article seeks to emulate the attraction of sports and labor legislation for e-Sports regency, guaranteeing legal certainty to the already established relationships, and developing increase ways for business on this market, with citizens social rights preservation, especially constitutional ones.