Conventional Set Research Articles

Orthogonal-Moment-Based Attraction Measurement With Ocular Hints in Video-Watching Task

Pupil dilation and eye movements are closely related to human emotional and cognitive processes. Visual stimulus, especially video clips, is widely used in computer-assisted experimental paradigms as emotional inducers. However, the level of attraction as a critical factor to such visual stimulus still needs comprehensive investigation. This article conducts a novel study of attraction assessment with pupil diameter and eye movements. We collected high temporal resolution ocular variation data from 50 subjects while they viewed a variety of emotional video stimuli. Besides, this article proposes two orthogonal-moment-based feature extraction methods for emotion classification, i.e., Legendre moment and Krawtchouk moment. The results of experiments show that our proposed feature sets achieve better classification performance compared with conventional time-or frequency-domain feature sets. The accuracy of predicting attraction level reached 87.4% and 91.0% when new features were used alone and combined with conventional features, respectively. Compared with the conventional features with an accuracy of 86.6%, our proposed features can improve the accuracy by 4.4%.This study conducts a ground investigation of quantitative attraction assessment for video clips, which might provide reference for paradigm design of affective computing research.

Service users' perceptions of recovery from recent-onset psychosis and their long journey to and through psychiatric treatment.

A growing body of evidence highlights that individuals' understanding of mental illness and recovery influences their mental health care preferences. Journeys to psychiatric care settings vary across regions with different socio-economic and developmental characteristics. However, these journeys in low-income African countries have not been well explored. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to describe service users' journeys to and through psychiatric treatment and explore their conceptualizations of recovery from recent-onset psychosis. Nineteen adults with recent-onset psychosis were recruited from three hospitals in Ethiopia for an individual semi-structured interview. Data from in-depth face-to-face interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed. Participants' conceptualizations of recovery are summarized into four themes; "domination over the disturbance of psychosis", "complete medical treatment course and stay normal", "stay active in life with optimal functioning", and "reconcile with the new reality and rebuild hope and life". These perceptions of recovery were reflected in their accounts of the long and hurdled journey to and through conventional psychiatric care settings. Participants' perceptions of psychotic illness, treatment, and recovery seemed to result in delayed or limited care in conventional treatment settings. Misunderstandings about only requiring a limited period/course of treatment for a full and permanent recovery should be addressed. Clinicians should work alongside traditional beliefs about psychosis to maximize engagement and promote recovery. Integrating conventional psychiatric treatment with spiritual/traditional healing services may make an important contribution to early treatment initiation and improving engagement.

Challenges of quantitative phase analysis of iron and steel slags: a look at sample complexity

Quantitative phase analysis (QPA) of slags is complex due to the natural richness of phases and variability in sample composition. The number of phases frequently exceeds 10, with certain slag types (EAF, BOF, blends, stainless) having extreme peak overlap, making identification difficult. Another convolution arises from the variable crystallite sizes of phases found in slag, as well as the mixture of crystalline and amorphous components specific to each slag type. Additionally, polymorphs are common because of the complexity of the steelmaking and slag cooling processes, such as the cation-doped calcium aluminum silicate (Ca3Al2O6, C3A, Z = 24) supercell in LMF slag. References for these doped variants may not exist or in many cases are not known in advance, therefore it is incumbent on the analyzer to be aware of such discrepancies and choose the best available reference. All issues can compound to form a highly intricate QPA and have prevented previous methods of QPA from accurately measuring phase components in slag. QPA was performed via the internal standard method using 8 wt% ZnO as the internal standard and JADE Pro's Whole Pattern Fitting analysis. For each phase, five variables (lattice parameters, preferred orientation, scale factor, temperature factor, and crystallite size) must be accounted for during quantitation, with a specific emphasis on not refining crystallite sizes for iron oxides and trace phases as they are inclined to over-broaden and interact with the background to improve the goodness of fit (R/E value). Preliminary investigations show somewhat reliable results with the use of custom file sets created within PDF-4+ specifically targeted toward slag minerals to further regulate and normalize the analysis process. The objective of this research is to provide a standard protocol for collecting data, as well as to update methodologies and databases for QPA, to the slag community for implementation in a conventional laboratory setting. Currently, Whole Pattern Fitting “Modified” Rietveld block refinement coupled with the addition of a ZnO internal standard gives the most accurate QPA results, though further research is needed to improve upon the complex issues found in this study of the QPA of slags.

Self centered interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy graph with an application

In comparison to conventional fuzzy sets, the idea of intervalvalued intuitionistic fuzzy sets provides a more accurate definition of uncertainty. Defuzzification is the aspect of fuzzy control that requires the most processing. It has numerous applications in fuzzy control. In this paper, the concepts strength, length, distance, eccentricity, radius, diameter, centred, selfcentered, path cover, and edge cover of an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy graph (IVIFG) are defined in this work. Further, we introduce the definition of a self-centered IVIFG and the necessary and sufficient conditions for an IVIFG to be self-centered are given. Moreover, we investigate some properties of self-centered IVIFG with an illustration and we have discussed applications in IVIFG.

Feasibility of novel atrial mechanical sensing method for leadless atrioventricular synchronous pacing

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background/Introduction A novel leadless pacemaker enables atrioventricular synchronous pacing. However, there have been still difficulties to obtain high atrioventricular (AV) synchrony due to a mechanical sensing algorithm. We’ve reported a new sensing method for acquiring high AV synchrony regardless of heart rate. Our hypothesis is that this novel sensing method might facilitate better AV synchrony. Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of our novel sensing method for the patients that ventricular activity completely depends on the ventricular pacing. Methods This study is a retrospective study conducted by 2 centers. From the 1st December, 2021 to the 31th October, 2022, leadless pacemakers with atrioventricular synchronous pacing were implanted to 32 patients in 2 centers. Among the 20 patients with sinus rhythm and complete AV block were analyzed. Two groups were compared in this study. Novel sensing setting was programmed during the hospitalization in Group 1, composed by 9 patients. Auto A3 threshold and auto A3 window end are turned off. An intentionally prolonged A3 window end and a low A3 threshold are programmed in a novel sensing method. Conventional setting (auto A3 threshold, auto A3 window end and auto A4 threshold were turned on) was programmed during the hospitalization in Group 2, composed by 11 patients. Device check was performed at the first outpatient clinic within 3 months after the implantation. Results Overall, 20 patients were analyzed. Baseline characters are described in Table 1. BMI (23.5±0.9 vs 20.4±0.8, p<0.05), BNP at the hospitalization (130.7±143.6 pg/ml vs 686.9±129.9 pg/ml, p<0.05) were different between 2 groups. Mean age, sex, past history of atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, past history of coronary artery disease, eGFR, previous cardiac surgery, left ventricular ejection fraction, E/A, left atrial diameter were no significant differences between 2 groups. Table 2 shows the comparison of the device parameters between 2 groups. In Group 1, AV synchrony (%AMVp) was significantly higher at the first outpatient clinic (81.0 ± 4.2 % vs 63.0 ± 5.7 %, p=0.03). A3 window end was significantly longer in Group 1 (883.3 ± 34.0 ms vs 757.0 ± 45.5 ms, p<0.05). A3 threshold was significantly lower in Group 1 (2.3 ± 0.5 m/s² vs 5.9 ± 0.7 m/s², p<0.05). There were no significant differences about A4 amplitude (1.8 ± 0.4 m/s² vs 1.0 ± 0.6 m/s², p=0.34) and A4 threshold (2.3 ± 0.3 m/s² vs 1.5 ± 0.4 m/s², p=0.12). Conclusion Novel sensing method might be a feasible sensing method to obtain higher AV synchrony than conventional algorithm. Further prospective studies will be required.

Conventions of author self-reference in Chinese academic writing

Abstract In this paper, we report on how authors of academic writing in Chinese (AWC) refer to themselves as single authors in the area of language studies. We find that AWC writers rely on the 1st-person plural 我们 women “we,” 3rd-person NPs such as 作者/笔者 zuozhe/bizhe “this author,” and inanimate NPs such as 本文 benwen “this article/paper” for self-reference. Based on these findings and subsequent surveys of journal style guides and interviews of authors, we propose that (1) these self-referring expressions are a set of conventions; (2) the motivation for these conventions is modesty, a deep-routed value of Chinese society; and (3) these expressions serve as indexicals to the writers’ identity of a modest scholar in the particular discursive context: the genre of academic writing. By so doing, our work links language use to social values, to identity studies, as well as to genre analysis, thus contributing to the literature in all these fields of investigation.

Variable weight coefficient MPC control strategy for qZSI‐VSG wind power grid‐connected system

AbstractQuasi‐Z source inverters (qZSI) can overcome the disadvantages of conventional wind power systems, because of achieving the balanced DC‐link voltage by using its boost ability. The majority of currently used control methods for conventional inverters are susceptible to parameter changes, and the qZSI are controlled by finite switching sequence model predictive control (FSS‐MPC). In this paper, a Variable weight coefficient Model Predictive Control (V‐MPC) strategy is proposed. First, based on the optimal scheduling algorithm, according to the priority of the controlled object. The proportioning weights of the global feasible solution and the local optimal solution in the algorithm are coordinated. Then, using the equality‐constraints quadratic programming method, according to the relationship between the system frequency and the reference value, increase the weight of the qZSI algorithm or increase the proportion of VSG control to improve the ability to suppress frequency fluctuations. It can give full play to the short‐term power support role of the virtual synchronous wind turbine. The modeling and testing findings validate the suggested control strategy. When compared to the conventional finite control set model predictive control (FCS‐MPC), the V‐MPC can minimize the big store inductance current ripple and have lower THD in the load currents waveform.

Application of Fuzzy Logic in Artificial Intelligence

Abstract: In 1965, Lotfi Zadeh created fuzzy logic as a development of Boolean logic in light of the numerical hypothesis of fuzzy sets, which is a speculation of conventional set hypothesis. Fuzzy logic offers a great deal of adaptability for exploiting reasoning, adding an idea of degree when checking states and allowing states to be other than obvious or misleading. , taking into account possible errors and weaknesses. We begin by giving a brief overview of fuzzy logic before talking about its application to artificial and computational intelligence. Then, with a focus on fuzzy expert systems, we discuss cutting-edge applications of fuzzy logic, with one representative example being thoroughly examined. The article's conclusion makes recommendations for how fuzzy logic and artificial intelligence might complement one another. We focus our endeavors on few plainly characterized sub-spaces of artificial intelligence, staying away from scattering, and keeping a good arrangement between essential examination and applications.

Hollow Microneedle‐based Plasmonic Sensor for on Patch Detection of Molecules in Dermal Interstitial Fluid

AbstractInterstitial fluid (ISF) extraction and analysis are challenges that can be tackled by Hollow MicroNeedles (HMNs) technology, overcoming most of the difficulties associated with in situ detection. Herein, a plasmonic transducer, composed of gold nanoparticles embedded in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels, is integrated in the inner cavity of HMNs to detect biomarkers from the ISF‐based point‐of‐care. The wearable HMN‐based patch is used for minimally invasive pierce of the skin. The large swelling capability of the plasmonic transducer allows the uptake of ISF by capillarity. Biotin, as a small model molecule, is efficiently collected in the inner cavity of HMN and its high specificity with the streptavidin is exploited as a validation of the plasmonic nanocomposite functionality embedded within. The recognition of biotin is achieved in dual‐optical mode: the localized surface plasmon resonance (label‐free) and the metal‐enhanced fluorescence (label‐based). Overall, the proposed HMN‐based patch for target sensing in ISF can represent a novel point‐of‐use device for the detection of biomarkers as an alternative to conventional hospital or lab settings to help faster medical decision‐making.

Characteristics of Marginalized Populations Seeking Acupuncture: Findings from an Observational Study of an Inner-City Community Health Service.

Introduction: Marginalized populations experience health inequities and are often underserved within existing health systems. Australian marginalized populations and their use of complementary medicine, including acupuncture, lack investigation. We have collected information on the health-seeking behaviors of marginalized individuals who utilize an acupuncture service within a community-based integrative health setting. Methods: A secondary analysis of pre-existing data involving the linking of three datasets. Information was collected across four domains: health characteristics, socio-demographics, health services utilization, and vulnerability markers. Bivariate analysis using Fisher's exact and chi-square tests additional to logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine the characteristics of the study population. All data once analyzed were then presented as a cumulative statistic. Results: Study participants (n = 42) included 28% of individuals with reported histories of homelessness (n = 12) and 32% with a history of psychological trauma (n = 13). Eighty-three percent (n = 31) of the population sought acupuncture to manage pain and 91% (n = 36) for musculoskeletal conditions. Sixty-three percent (n = 24) reported a mental health diagnosis, most commonly depression (n = 18). Participants were most likely to engage with three other health services within the study setting, in addition to acupuncture. Participants with an illicit substance abuse problem were 12 times more likely to seek a greater number of acupuncture treatments, and individuals with trauma histories were twice as likely to attend the acupuncture clinic eight or more times. Discussion: Our study findings suggest a robust level of engagement with acupuncture treatment among the target population and a willingness to engage with integrative health services when barriers to uptake such as accessibility and affordability are removed. Findings support current evidence pertaining to acupuncture's use as an adjunct to managing pain in marginalized populations as well as a perceived acceptability and feasibility of the integration of acupuncture within conventional health settings. There is the further observation that acupuncture in a group setting is suitable for a marginalized population and an interest in commitment to treatment among individuals with substance abuse problems.

THE USE OF MOBILE APPS TO ENHANCE READING SKILLS OF LANGUAGE LEARNERS: A REVIEW

Reading activities are generally compromised owing to the time constraints in the classroom. As an outcome, students’ inability to understand a passage has an adverse effect on their enthusiasm and confidence despite knowing that reading acquisition plays a crucial role in language learning. In this regard, mobile apps seem to be the powerful support for acquiring reading skills and interpreting comprehension which are the two challenging aspects of language learners to be knowledgeable enough. They also enrich readers with vast opportunities and provide a stress-free environment that aids them to improve their reading skills. The paper reported here explores the effectiveness and the role of mobile applications in acquiring reading skills. Reviewed articles and dissertations used in this paper focus on the development, analysis, examination of the mobile apps for enhancing reading skills. The paper also explores the research design, methodology and theory that support the usage of chosen mobile apps for the research. This review article concludes that reading skills can be enhanced better through mobile apps than that of the conventional academic setting.

Impact of time-temperature combinations on the anti-Cytomegalovirus activity and biological components of human milk.

There is extensive evidence that Holder pasteurization (HoP) (30 min at 62.5 °C) has harmful effects on the bioactivities of human milk (HM). We previously demonstrated that lowering HoP temperature is sufficient to inactivate Cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Here, we analyzed the effect of lowering time/temperature on the antiviral activity against HCMV and IgA levels of HM. Eighty HM samples from five mothers were pasteurized in a range of temperature (62.5-56 °C) and time (40-10 min) in a conventional setting of Human Milk Bank. Unpasteurized HM from each mother was used as control. The samples were assayed against HCMV-AD169 strain in cell cultures and IgA levels were determined by ELISA. All HM samples exhibited anti-HCMV activity, to a different extent. An improvement of antiviral activity was observed in samples treated at 60, 58 and 56 °C compared to those at 62.5 °C, with ID50 values near those of unpasteurized milk. Similarly, better retention in IgA levels was observed by reducing the temperature of treatment. We demonstrated that a 2.5 °C reduction of heat treatment significantly preserved the IgA content and fully restored the anti-HCMV activity of HM, supporting this variant of HoP as a valid alternative to preserve HM bioactivities. This work questions the standard HoP and opens the debate on whether the pasteurization temperature commonly used in Human Milk Banks should be lowered to better preserve the biological components of the milk. A reduction of HoP temperature at 60 °C determined a significant preservation of anti-HCMV activity and IgA content of donor HM, compared to standard HoP. This alternative HoP is highly feasible compared to other substitute pasteurization techniques, since it would employ the same pasteurizer equipment found in most Human Milk Banks.

HDF5eis: A storage and input/output solution for big multidimensional time series data from environmental sensors

Modern high-performance computing (HPC) tasks overwhelm conventional geophysical data formats. We describe a new data schema called HDF5eis (read H-D-F-size) for handling big multidimensional time series data from environmental sensors in HPC applications and implement a freely available Python application programming interface (API) for building and processing HDF5eis files. HDF5eis augments the popular Hierarchical Data Format 5 with a minimal set of additional conventions that facilitate fast and flexible data input and output protocols for regularly sampled (in time) data with any number of dimensions. HDF5eis supports arbitrary ancillary data (e.g., metadata) storage in columnar format or as UTF-8 encoded byte streams alongside time series data. Our HDF5eis API enables simple and efficient access to big data sets distributed across a potentially large number of small heterogeneous files through a single point of access. HDF5eis outperforms conventional seismic data formats by up to two orders of magnitude in terms of random read access times. We contribute HDF5eis as an operational tool and an experimental draft proposal that will help establish the next generation of data standards in the earth sciences.

Reading will not find you a husband: Eloise Bridgerton, accomplishment and the ‘thinking woman’ in the early nineteenth-century period drama

From the very opening scenes of Bridgerton (), Eloise Bridgerton, the second-eldest daughter, takes centre stage as a character entrenched in a Regency London world, yet immediately identifiable to a modern audience. Her desire to learn and live beyond a conventional path sets her apart in a way that provides hope to a viewing audience that desires from her a myriad of things, including the intertwining of her reticence to marry, her close friendship with Penelope Featherington and intellectual aspirations with longed-for queer representation. This article will explore how the building of Eloise’s character allows for the exploration of the gendering of intellectual freedom on-screen at a place where fact, fiction and audience desires meet. In examining the translation of the complicated nature of the ‘thinking woman’ and ‘accomplishment’ onto screen through the lens of Eloise, and the references and language used, in particular those to Wollstonecraft, as well as audience responses to and desires for Eloise, this article will demonstrate how a conflation of historical reference and modern outlook both re-energizes and often polarizes feminist tropes of the scholarly woman.

Large-Scale Predictions of Compound Potency with Original and Modified Activity Classes Reveal General Prediction Characteristics and Intrinsic Limitations of Conventional Benchmarking Calculations.

Predicting compound potency is a major task in computational medicinal chemistry, for which machine learning is often applied. This study systematically predicted compound potency values for 367 target-based compound activity classes from medicinal chemistry using a preferred machine learning approach and simple control methods. The predictions produced unexpectedly similar results for different classes and comparably high accuracy for machine learning and simple control models. Based on these findings, the influence of different data set modifications on relative prediction accuracies was explored, including potency range balancing, removal of nearest neighbors, and analog series-based compound partitioning. The predictions were surprisingly resistant to these modifications, leading to only small error margin increases. These findings also show that conventional benchmark settings are unsuitable for directly comparing potency prediction methods.

Double-Objective Global Optimal Model-Free Predictive Control for SMPMSM Drive System Based on DSVM

To achieve the global optimization of stator current and inverter switching frequency, a double-objective global optimal model-free predictive control (MFPC) is proposed based on discrete space vector modulation (DSVM) for surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SMPMSM) drive system. First, the double-objective invalid optimization area of the conventional DSVM-based finite control set (FCS) model predictive control (MPC) is revealed, and the reason is analyzed that the global optimal voltage vector cannot be achieved. Then, according to the distribution of the double-objective invalid optimization area, the voltage hexagon is divided into three subareas. In each subarea, the candidate voltage vector with the best current control performance (BC-CVV) is obtained. Moreover, the inverter switching number of the three BC-CVVs is used as a criterion, and the number of voltage vectors evaluated online is significantly reduced. As a result, the double-objective global optimal voltage vector is achieved without enumerating all the feasible voltage vectors. Finally, experiments under different operating conditions are implemented and the effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed.

Adaptive Model Predictive Current Control for PMLSM Drive System

This article proposes an adaptive model predictive current control (AM-MPCC) for surface-mounted permanent magnet linear synchronous motor systems to simultaneously enhance the robustness against permanent magnet flux, inductance, and resistance mismatches. First, the conventional continuous control set model predictive control is analyzed, illustrating that parameter variations will inevitably deteriorate the current regulation performance. Then, an adaptive predictive model, which involves a disturbance term and an optimized current change rate coefficient, is proposed. The optimal coefficient is estimated using a steady-state incremental model and the steepest descent method at each control period. A discrete-time sliding mode disturbance observer is devised based on the adaptive model with updated coefficients to achieve the disturbance term. Finally, an exponential reaching law-based-reference trajectory is defined for the cost function of AM-MPCC to adjust the current approach trajectory. Experimental results verify the excellent robustness performances of the proposed method.

PD22-10 HOW SAFE ARE PREGNANT SURGEONS DURING PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY?

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023PD22-10 HOW SAFE ARE PREGNANT SURGEONS DURING PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY? Toby Clark, Kye Park, Nicole Mack, Cliff De Guzman, Matthew Buell, Akin S. Amasyali, Rose Leu, Kanha Shete, Ala'a Farkouh, Elizabeth Baldwin, and D. Duane Baldwin Toby ClarkToby Clark More articles by this author , Kye ParkKye Park More articles by this author , Nicole MackNicole Mack More articles by this author , Cliff De GuzmanCliff De Guzman More articles by this author , Matthew BuellMatthew Buell More articles by this author , Akin S. AmasyaliAkin S. Amasyali More articles by this author , Rose LeuRose Leu More articles by this author , Kanha SheteKanha Shete More articles by this author , Ala'a FarkouhAla'a Farkouh More articles by this author , Elizabeth BaldwinElizabeth Baldwin More articles by this author , and D. Duane BaldwinD. Duane Baldwin More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003295.10AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: There has been little study of radiation safety among pregnant healthcare workers, but current occupational recommendations limit fetal dose to 1 mSv. No prior study has investigated surgeon uterine radiation dose during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). With the increased gender diversity in urology, understanding radiation exposure to the gravid uterus is essential. The purpose of this study was to determine surgeon uterine radiation dose during PCNL and the efficacy of radiation reduction techniques. METHODS: A coronally bisected cadaver, with an 8-week sized uterus, was positioned standing at bedside, similar to a surgeon performing PCNL. An ion chamber was placed behind the anterior wall of the uterus to measure radiation dose, while a second complete cadaver was positioned prone on the operating table, to produce scatter radiation. Three different methods for reducing uterine exposure were studied: pulsed fluoroscopy (1, 4, 8, 15, 30 pps), low dose (LD) fluoroscopy, and surgeon shielding (none, 0.35, 0.50, 0.70 mm lead equivalents). Using a conventional image intensifier C-arm, 20 trials were conducted for each of 40 comparison groups to determine dose/second. For calculations, PCNL exposure time was assumed to be 5 minutes and the case number prior to reaching the 1 mSv limit was determined. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test, and Kruskal Wallis with Dunn’s test. RESULTS: Decreasing pulse frequency from 30 to 1 pps resulted in a 96% dose reduction (p<0.001). Compared to automatic exposure control (AEC), low-dose settings decreased dose by 56% (p<0.001). Using continuous fluoroscopy with AEC and without shielding resulted in 0.086 mSv per PCNL to the uterus. Addition of a standard (0.35 mm) lead vest resulted in a 94% dose reduction (p<0.001). Compared to the 0.35 mm lead, the 0.50 and 0.70 mm lead vests reduced dose by 12% and 47%, respectively. At AEC (30 pps) with no lead and 0.35 mm lead, a surgeon could perform 12 and 189 PCNLs respectively, prior to reaching the 1 mSv limit. Using a 0.70 mm lead vest at LD and 1 pps, a pregnant surgeon could safely perform 11,700 PCNLs. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnant surgeons performing PCNL with conventional fluoroscopy settings and no lead could reach unsafe fetal exposure levels after 12 cases. In contrast, pregnant surgeons using low dose and pulsed fluoroscopy, together with lead shielding can practice in a high volume endourology setting without exceeding occupational dose limits. Surgeons, especially those considering pregnancy, are strongly encouraged to implement dose reduction strategies. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e668 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Toby Clark More articles by this author Kye Park More articles by this author Nicole Mack More articles by this author Cliff De Guzman More articles by this author Matthew Buell More articles by this author Akin S. Amasyali More articles by this author Rose Leu More articles by this author Kanha Shete More articles by this author Ala'a Farkouh More articles by this author Elizabeth Baldwin More articles by this author D. Duane Baldwin More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Promoting the thrills: a study of emotional reactions to advertisements for fright tourism heritage attractions

ABSTRACT The paper examines emotions generated in potential visitors through the promotional imagery used in fright tourism, a form of dark heritage tourism. In fright tourism, an unusual combination of human emotions of fun and fear are experienced by tourists through activities such as haunted house visits and ghost tours. A modified model, based on Russell’s [1980. A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 1161–1178] Circumplex Model of Affect, was developed to measure emotions in fright tourism advertising. The model was constructed with empirical data from the United States and New Zealand. The data were obtained through interviews with business owners of fright tourism attractions, focus groups, and a questionnaire of potential visitors. Findings indicated statistically significant correlations exist between human emotions in different quadrants of the model (positive/pleasant and negative/unpleasant). The findings suggest, contrary to the application of the Circumplex Model in more conventional tourism settings, that fright tourism business’ advertisements induce contradictory emotions. The study challenges current understandings of visitor experiences and contributes to knowledge about how fright tourism heritage experiences may best be promoted.

Relationship between braking intensity and driver heart rate as a function of the size of the measurement window and its position

Heart Rate (HR) is often used to capture the driver's mental workload and stress. Usually, during a predefined time window (e.g., 10 s, 30 s, or longer). In addition, the center of that time window is commonly placed at the peak of events of interest (e.g., safety events such as hard braking). However, the choices of window size and window position relative to driving events are often not explained in the literature, and conceivably, other choices could have been made for estimating changes in HR. This research tested the effect of window size and position on HR estimates. Participants executed 12 braking events on a closed driving course and were monitored for HR and skin conductivity. We fitted a regression model on HR as a function of driver braking intensity, multiple times (N = 210), each time, we calculated the HR with different window sizes (1–70 s) and three window positions (onset of braking, peak deceleration, and end of braking). We found that the coefficients in the model on HR by braking intensity changed as a function of the window size and its position. Our sample's optimal time window size was different from conventional settings: it was 4-second long and centered at the end of the braking events. Our findings showcase the analysis procedure that we employed and can contribute to research on physiological markers (HR and others) and to the design of driver assistance systems.