Conventional Lock Research Articles

A Study on Software Procedures to Enhance IoT and Android Software Security for Smart Homes

The Internet of Things is the idea of associating any gadget (with an on/off change) to the Internet and other associated gadgets. A protected house system incorporates a doorway lock structure, which has become perhaps the most favored customer gadgets, supplanting numerous conventional locks because of customer comfort and minimal expense. IoT security includes both actual gadget and organization security, and affects the cycles, headways, and techniques needed to guarantee IoT gadgets and organizations are secure. We recommended that the application gain from customer conduct and change security appropriately. The data about the customer who opened the lock will be saved in the server, along with the date and time, which might be utilized to foresee when the client will enter the property and change security in like manner. We involved the House Module just as the Control Module. Home computerization, as one of the main parts of the thriving housing market, requires the making of a fundamental yet successful framework that, through preparing, predicts and executes the customer's activities.

Comparison of Conventional Locking Titanium Miniplates and Three-dimensional Locking Titanium Miniplates in Treatment of Mandibular Fractures

Comparison of Conventional Locking Titanium Miniplates and Three-dimensional Locking Titanium Miniplates in Treatment of Mandibular Fractures

SISTEM KEAMANAN LEMARI PENYIMPANAN BARANG MENGGUNAKAN PASSWORD SEBAGAI KENDALI AKSES DAN SENSOR ULTRASONIK SEBAGAI PENDETEKSI BARANG

A sense of security in storing items and ease of finding storage cabinets in public places such as shopping centers is absolutely necessary, but this may still not be fulfilled because storage cabinets still use conventional locks or still use cards to store items, plus it requires a time-consuming process to look for an empty storage cabinets. Therefore, the creation of a storage cabinets model in this research aims to implement a security system for a storage cabinets with access control using a password and to know whether there are items in the storage cabinets or not so that users can find out which storage cabinets are available/empty. This storage cabinets security device uses a solenoid as a lock, a servo motor to actuate the cabinets door, an ultrasonic sensor to detect items in the cabinets and control it via keypad and LCD to display the condition of the cabinets use. This tool uses an Arduino Mega microcontroller as the main controller and password storage medium, thereby producing output automatically where the solenoid will open/close and the servo motor moves to open/close the cabinets door. The tool can function to detect items in cabinets and based on item detection using an ultrasonic sensor the user can find out which cabinets are empty and the cabinets door will open based on a password determined by each user to ensure the security of the items stored.

Finite element analysis and a pilot study of different fixation constructs for Danis-Weber A and B lateral malleolus fractures

BackgroundDisplaced lateral malleolus fractures are typically stabilised through open reduction and internal fixation. The biomechanically and clinically efficacy of locking plates and lag screws, particularly in Weber A and B distal fibular fractures remains a subject of contention. This study examines two locking plate designs for lateral malleolus fractures, evaluating their performance with and without interfragmentary screws using finite element models.MethodsUtilising CT images of a healthy adult male volunteer, a three-dimensional finite element model was constructed. The Fibula-specific Flank Multiaxial Locking Anatomic Plate (FMLP) and the Conventional Locking Plate (CLP) were subjected to stabilisation, both with and without an interfragmentary screw, mimicking the Danis-Weber A and B lateral malleolus oblique fracture fixation. Loads of 140 N and 70 N, equivalent to 20% of the body weight, were applied to simulate the single-leg and two-leg standing conditions in the axial direction. The von Mises stress (VMS) distributions and element displacements were subsequently analyzed.ResultsIn the Danis-Weber A fracture model group, the FMLP with an interfragmentary screw fixation exhibited the lowest peak VMS values: 51.9 MPa in the fibula, 89.0 MPa in the plate, and 61.3 MPa in the screws for simulating single-leg conditions. Under two-leg standing conditions, these peak VMS values decreased to 25.9 MPa in the fibula, 44.5 MPa in the plate, and 30.6 MPa in the screws, respectively. Furthermore, the overall structural peak displacements during single-leg standing for both Weber-A and B fractures with different implants ranged from 1.61 to 2.54 mm. While standing on two feet, the ranged was from 0.80 to 1.27 mm. An interfragmentary screw at the oblique fracture site resulted in reduced the peak value of VMS in the fibula, plate, screws, consequently decreased the overall structural displacement for FMLP and CLP fixation in lateral malleolus fractures.ConclusionsThe current finite element analysis (FEA) demonstrates that FMLP exhibits superior mechanical characteristics in Danis-Weber A and B lateral malleolus fractures compared to CLP. The inclusion of an interfragmentary screw, combined with locking plate design, enhances stability for simple oblique distal fibular fractures. The FMLP presents itself as potential as an alternative for lateral malleolus fractures from a biomechanical perspective. Nevertheless, further verification of these results is imperative through subsequent clinical studies.

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM KEAMANAN PINTU LABORATORIUM KOMPUTER DENGAN FINGERPRINT BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER (ARDUINO UNO)

Technology at this time is developing very rapidly. The rapid development of technology in the modern industrial era, produces a variety of technologies, ranging from newly discovered technology, to technology that is a development of previous technology. The development of technology for a security system is also needed, for example a security system on the door of a computer laboratory room, which still uses conventional locks.
 The use of conventional keys has several disadvantages such as human error and prone to loss. To replace the use of conventional locks, you can take advantage of a door security system by using a fingerprint / fingerprint-based microcontroller. The system consists of hardware and software. The hardware consists of Arduino Uno, Fingerprint sensor, buzzer, selenoid door lock, and liquid cristal display (LCD). The software on the door security system with microcontroller-based fingerprints uses Arduino IDE software.
 This microcontroller-based door security system runs if the fingerprint sensor detects the finger of the user or officer. Then the selenoid door lock as a door lock will open, the buzzer as an alarm will sound and the liquid cristal display (LCD) as a monitor will display a message. The development of a computer laboratory door security system with microcontroller-based fingerprints uses the prototype method. Door security system models with tangible microcontroller-based fingerprints can replace conventional locks that are prone to loss.

Comparison between Novel Anatomical Locking Guide Plate and Conventional Locking Plate for Acetabular Fractures: A Finite Element Analysis.

The treatment of complex acetabular fractures remains a complicated clinical challenge. Our self-designed novel anatomical locking guide plate (NALGP) has previously shown promising potential in T-shaped acetabular fractures (TAF), but a direct comparison with conventional fixations is yet to be made. The TAF model was established based on a volunteer's computer tomography data and then fixed with double column locking plates (DLP), a posterior column locking plate with anterior column screws (LPACS), and our NALGP. Forces of 200 N, 400 N, and 600 N were then loaded on the model vertically downward, respectively. The stress distribution and peaks and maximum displacements at three sites were assessed. We found that the stress area of all three plates was mainly concentrated around the fracture line, while only the matching screws of the NALGP showed no obvious stress concentration points. In addition, the NALGP and DLP showed significantly less fracture fragment displacement than the LPACS at the three main fracture sites. The NALGP was found to have less displacement than DLP at the posterior column and ischiopubic branch sites, especially under the higher loading forces of 400 N and 600 N. The fixation stability of the NALGP for TAF was similar to that of DLP but better than that of LPACS. Moreover, the NALGP and its matching screws have a more reasonable stress distribution under different loads of force and the same strength as the LPACS.

Rancang Bangun Kotak Penyimpanan Dengan Akses Masuk Menggunakan Rfid Berbasis IOT (Internet Of Things)

A strongbox is a place to store goods, usually used at home, tourist attractions, libraries, sports fields or other public places. The function of the cabinet as a storage area certainly has a high level of security, because valuables are stored in it. The security of a safe cabinet depends heavily on the strength of its door lock. To this day, traditional metal safety locks are still often used. In addition to looking old-fashioned, the use of such locks is also not effective for securing items in a safe or a storage area. Therefore, an innovation is needed that can increase the level of security of a safe or storage cabinet by using RFID entry access and covert to the internet (IoT). The stages of research in this thesis include, literature study, system design, hardware design and software design, System Integration and testing stages. Based on the results of tests that have been carried out both on hardware and software that has been made and see the purpose of the research, it can be concluded as follows: this equipment has been tested and can be used as a locker for storing goods that has a higher level of security compared to conventional locks and can be controlled and monitored with a semartphone.

Comparison of Catheter Related Blood Stream Infections in Hemodialysis Patients Treated With Trisodium Citrate as Catheter Locking Solution vs Heparin as Conventional Locking Method

Objective: To compare the frequency of temporary catheter related blood stream infections using sodium citrate as catheter locking solution with heparin as standard in hemodialysis patients. Methodology: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a nephrology department's hemodialysis unit in Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) between August 2022 and February 2023. Total 110 consecutive end-stage renal disease patients, aged above 18 years, undergoing hemodialysis with temporary central venous catheters, were divided into two groups. Group-I received trisodium citrate 46.7% as a lock solution, while Group-II received heparin 2000 U/ml (control). Results: The average age of patients in both groups was 51.98±13.57 years. The average duration of dialysis in both groups was 4.01±3.1 months and mean catheter time in Group-I was 13.65±8.29 days and in group-II was 13.40±8.33 days with statistically insignificant (p ? 0.05). The rate of CRBSI per 1000 catheter days was 3.12 days for group I and 5.14 days for group II (p = 0.001). The cumulative mean infection-free catheter survival in the trisodium citrate group was lower than the heparin group (log rank = 2.31, p = 0.128). Cox regression survival analysis between two groups; the difference in group I & II was insignificant (HR = 1.6, CI = 0.49–1.17, p = 0.201). Conclusion: There is insignificant difference between trisodium citrate 46.7% and heparin as a catheter lock solution in the survival rate of tunneled hemodialysis catheters in end-stage renal disease.

Perancangan Smart Locker dengan Implementasi Sistem IoT dan Aplikasi Mobile Android

A locker is a storage facility that can be seen at several public facilities such as public swimming pools, a library, and sports facilities like a gymnasium. Most lockers at public facilities still use conventional locking techniques. This has a negative impact in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and security. Therefore, a QR-Code-based system that is integrated with the android application has been created to function for monitoring availability, borrowing lockers, and opening and locking lockers through the android application. Smart locker system using ESP32 as microcontroller and network that used to receive data sent from android application. When data is received, ESP32 will respond by activating the relay which controls the magnetic lock that replaced the conventional lock, while the android application is created for monitoring locker availability, borrowing lockers, and opening and locking lockers through the android application. This test is carried out for this application, which refers to the ISO 25010 standard with aspects of functional suitability, usability, and compatibility. The results of testing aspects of functional suitability and compatibility get 100% feasibility percentage results. Then for usability, it shows that from the 10-point questionnaire distributed to respondents, the percentage of feasibility results is 78.98% which is included in the acceptable category, this shows that the mobile application has good quality. The system test was done by pressing the button in the android application at the same time with two different devices and having a time difference while opening the lockers with a time average of 0.874 seconds.

Implementasi Sistem Kendali dan Monitoring Keamanan Pintu Berbasis IoT Menggunakan Perangkat Mobile

One of the important things in the management of the lecture building is the need for a security system to lock the door. This is necessary to avoid the possibility of theft and negligence in opening or closing the door at certain hours. The purpose of this study is to implement an Internet of Things-based door security control and monitoring system using a mobile device. This system is a substitute for door security that uses conventional locks. The system can be accessed by setting the operating time from 07.00-17.00. If there is a change in operational time, the admin can reset the operational time. Before the operating time ends, the speaker gives an automatic door lock warning, and the door is automatically locked and cannot be accessed. In addition, the system is equipped with a door alarm using a buzzer and a notification is sent via the application when the door is forcibly opened. The door control process starts by reading the operating time and the status of the door lock solenoid. If the initial status of the door lock solenoid is locked, the RFID tag sends data to the RFID reader, then the door lock solenoid opens. The test results show that the response time for opening and locking doors using RFID is 26,22 seconds and 22,25 seconds. The response time to open and lock the door using the application is 5,03 seconds and 5,34 seconds, respectively. The average response time when the door is forcibly opened is 14,83 seconds

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM KEAMANAN PINTU RUMAH MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR RFID (RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION) DAN TOUCH SENSOR BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO

The current door lock system still uses conventional keys, making it less efficient for homes with many doors because there are too many keys to carry, besides conventional locks are easily opened by thieves. So that a more practical and efficient key is needed, from this statement the idea of making an automatic door unlock device with an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Sensor and a Touch Sensor by using an electronic ID card as a key to unlock the door is needed. RFID sensors and touch sensors are supporting components so that the device can be controlled. Solenoid door lock can open the door and unlock the door for 5 seconds via commands previously sent from the RFID sensor and touch sensor. And after that the door closed and locked. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that the simulation of the door safety device can operate properly, according to the design made. RFID reader is used to read the tag code on the electronic ID card. The solenoid can unlock the door if the electronic ID card tag code matches that registered with the Arduino lde program, when the door is closed the solenoid will lock the door within 5 seconds.

Core-aware combining: Accelerating critical section execution on heterogeneous multi-core systems via combining synchronization

In heterogeneous multi-core systems, performance differences of the cores can affect lock synchronization, where the high-performance cores have to wait for slower cores to complete critical section execution. To better utilize the high-performance cores, we can offload critical section execution to high-performance cores. Since combining synchronization has the potential to transfer critical section execution to the combiner, this paper presents a core-aware combining approach for heterogeneous multi-core processors to accelerate critical section execution. In combining synchronization, one competing thread will become the combiner to help complete pending requests. It typically provides better performance than conventional locks on multi-core systems. To enable transferring critical section executions to a more efficient core, we implement the ideas of core efficiency-based selective lock ownership transfer and the dynamic helping quota in four combining implementations. On an aarch64 heterogeneous machine and an x86 asymmetric machine, we ran several micro-benchmarks and workloads to evaluate the performance of our core-aware implementations. The results show that core-aware combining implementations accelerate critical section execution and achieve better throughput than the original combining implementations.

Design Concept of a Motorcycle Secondary Electronic Lock

Design process of a motorcycle secondary electronic lock system is reported in this paper. The design of a smart lock was established based on an available conventional lock in the market. The process began with design generation to gather related idea and design concept. The design then was subjected to concept evaluation through a design matrix to determine the best option. In addition, selection of internal component and mechanism were evaluated through a morphological chart. The design and component were selected based on the highest score in term of functionality, fabrication, safety and marketability. The chosen design was then converted to a 3D model using computer aid design (CAD) and a simulation strength test was applied to the model by using a commercial software. The simulation using common hacking tool used by theft was successfully conducted and showing positive results on its robustness.

Desain Sistem Buka Tutup Pintu Rumah Otomatis Menggunakan E-Ktp Berbasis Arduino Uno

The current door lock system is still dominated by the use of conventional keys, making it less efficient for houses with many doors because there are too many keys to carry, besides that conventional locks are easily opened by thieves, so a more practical and efficient key is also safer and not easy to duplicate by thieves. From this problem, the author has an idea to produce a safe and practical RFID-based door opening tool by utilizing e-KTP as an RFID tag. Design and build and open the door using Arduino Uno as a circuit controller. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that the simulation of the door safety device can operate properly, according to the design made. The RFID reader used has a frequency of 13.56MHz which is attached to black acrylic with a thickness of 3 mm and can read e-KTP ID with a maximum distance of 1 cm. The selenoid will actively unlock the door and the servo motor will actively open the door if the e-KTP ID matches the Arduino Uno memory. Then it will close the door and lock it again within 15 seconds. If the door of the house is tried to be opened with an e-KTP ID that is not registered in the Arduino memory, the buzzer will sound and the red LED will light up as an alarm and the solenoid remains in the locked position. The design is also equipped with manual operation using a button placed on the inside of the door, making it easier to open the door when you want to leave the house.

Development and application of an internet of things door lock Network Bridge for classroom access control management

School classroom doors are usually managed using conventional machine locks. This can cause inconvenience for the borrowing and returning of keys. In addition, issues on the copying and embezzlement of keys are persistent. To avoid these problems, schools have replaced conventional locks with card readers and magnetic locks to manage classroom access; users need only a RFID card to enter and exit classrooms. However, the hardware and software equipment required for such control schemes is expensive and entails cumbersome installation processes. This study developed an innovative Internet of Things (IoT) door lock network bridge, which can be installed on conventional electronic locks to transform it into IoT locks. The developed bridge can be integrated with a customized web-based classroom access information system and QR code scanning to establish a low-cost classroom access control system. The system can be provided to schools to perform user management, lock management, and lock matching. Each door in the school is assigned with a unique QR code for unlocking. Users only need to use the QR code scanner on their smart phone to send relevant information required for unlocking a door to the web-based classroom access information system, which then performs user and lock matching verification. Verified users can then unlock the door and enter the venue. The proposed classroom access control system does not require card readers or RFID cards. The cable installation of the system is simplified through by using wireless connections, thereby greatly reducing the time, cost, and human resource required for installation. In addition, users and locks can be matched directly using the proposed system. This greatly improves the convenience of classroom management in schools.

Unlocking the smart home: exploring key factors affecting the smart lock adoption intention

PurposeThis study examines the factorial structure of salient user beliefs associated with smart locks. We also examine the predictive value of the identified constructs on the smart lock adoption intention and we evaluate gender differences in the predictive value of the identified constructs.Design/methodology/approachThe study assumes pragmatic epistemological stance and it leverages mixed-methods research design. The research progresses through three stages: belief elicitation, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis within a nomological network. New groups of participants were recruited for each stage of the study.FindingsWe find that while potential adopters express a broad range of perceived benefits and concerns associated with smart locks, only the perceived relative advantage of smart locks vis-à-vis conventional locks in providing safety and security is significantly correlated with adoption intention for both genders. We also find that perceived novel benefits are a significant predictor of the smart lock adoption intention for women, but not for men.Research limitations/implicationsOur results indicate that perceived relative advantage can be the singular critical consideration in the adoption of smart home technologies that replace incumbent solutions. The results also demonstrate that gender-specific models can better capture gender effects that influence technology adoption and use.Practical implicationsSmart home technology vendors would need to convince prospective users that new technology is better than the incumbent solutions on the core affordances of the incumbent technology. Men and women differ in the consideration of novel benefits afforded by novel technologies.Originality/valueThis is among the first studies to examine salient beliefs that affect smart home technology adoption. The findings suggest that the traditional models (TAM, UTAUT) do not capture the key salient beliefs that can influence innovative smart home technology adoption. The study also suggests that gendered models are needed to understand technology adoption in contexts where technology adoption intersects with gender roles.

A Behavior-Learned Cross-Reactive Sensor Matrix for Intelligent Skin Perception.

Mimicking human skin sensation such as spontaneous multimodal perception and identification/discrimination of intermixed stimuli is severely hindered by the difficulty of efficient integration of complex cutaneous receptor-emulating circuitry and the lack of an appropriate protocol to discern the intermixed signals. Here, a highly stretchable cross-reactive sensor matrix is demonstrated, which can detect, classify, and discriminate various intermixed tactile and thermal stimuli using a machine-learning approach. Particularly, the multimodal perception ability is achieved by utilizing a learning algorithm based on the bag-of-words (BoW) model, where, by learning and recognizing the stimulus-dependent 2D output image patterns, the discrimination of each stimulus in various multimodal stimuli environments is possible. In addition, the single sensor device integrated in the cross-reactive sensor matrix exhibits multimodal detection of strain, flexion, pressure, and temperature. It is hoped that his proof-of-concept device with machine-learning-based approach will provide a versatile route to simplify the electronic skin systems with reduced architecture complexity and adaptability to various environments beyond the limitation of conventional "lock and key" approaches.

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PENGAMANAN GEDUNG YANG DIKONTROL MELALUI APLIKASI ANDROID BERBASIS IoT

Building or home security systems at this time are needed because there are still many security systems that can trigger crime, one of which is the use of padlock or conventional door locks and security that has not worked automatically. A security system is needed which has a high level of security and is automatic so that it does not bother users.
 Security systems are often a problem, namely the low level of security, how to use is not easy, and not automatic. The way to overcome this problem is to create a security system that has tight security, easy to use, works continuously automatically and can be connected to the user's mobile phone.
 Based on research that has been made this security system shows one of the security systems that have a high level of security because it is equipped with an infrared sensor that serves to detect the presence of humans, the camera takes pictures if the infrared sensor detects humans, a fingerprint sensor that functions as access to open the door and all The sensor works automatically and continuously and can be connected to mobile phones through the internet, this security system works well and can be relied upon.

Two Sequential Authentication Method on Locker Security System Using Open-Sourced Smartphone

Lockers are commonly used to store luggages temporarly. For security purposes, lockers are equipped with conventional lock keys to keep it safe. In order to enhance the security aspects, there are several options by optimalizing current emerging technology that is two-factors authentication. This method is commencing by inputting some PIN (Personal Identification Numbers) code then it would trigger confirmation access by smartphone to unlock the lockers. By having this security schemes, any unauthorized users could not allowed any attempt to unseal the locker. More over, the owner could immediately recognize if there was any suspicious access. The result of this research shows that the system could unlock the locker by inputting the correct PIN and verified access by achieving the successful percentage of 100%. The averages response time is around 6.647 seconds, while any attempt to unlock the locker by inputting the incorrect access gain 100% percentages

전통 빗장과 자물쇠를 활용한 스카프 디자인 개발

The purpose of this study is to spread information and knowledge regarding the traditional Korean culture, and foster the cultural fashion product with a perception of high added consumer value, by developing a scarf design with the ability to showcase and highlight a conventional lock and latch motif. Methodology for the study was employed with a comprehensive literature review on the characteristics of native designs featuring locks and latches, a preference survey regarding the basic motif designs, and an empirical study for the design. Chiefly, Adobe Illustrator CS 6 was adopted as a tool for use with the design development. The following information are the results of the study. Five types of applications were applied for the basic motif design based on outcome from a preference survey: simply modelled latch in turtle shape, turtle-shaped latch in realistic mode, ㄷ-shaped lock, fish-like lock, and combined mode with hambak lock and swallow latch designs. These images were designed in order that the themes of tradition and modernity could be harmonized into the designs. As to the utilization of color and tone, such were used as an achromatic color theme with a highest preference level, tranquil greyish tone, and a bright vivid tone in the red and blue series. For the scarf pattern design, a total of 30 pattern designs was developed through various constructions such as utilizing the themes of repeat, rotation and reflection with a basic motif. These designs were proposed to the application to a twilly, long scarf and used on a square scarf. This examination found that traditional latch and lock are recognized as part of the cultural heritage, as a theme reflecting the conventional life craft product native to Korea. These themes were recognized as a reflection of goodness in the Korean culture, and the acceptance of the themes shows that there is an unlimited possibility for the developed and continued use of these specific themes as represented in cultural fashion goods, which can also be seen to have a place in Korean culture to show a modern sense of purpose and style for the enjoyment of the Korean people.