Conventional Facilities Research Articles

Clean Electricity, Dirty Electricity: The Effect on Local House Prices

Renewable energy production is one of the most important policy instruments to fight climate change. However, despite global benefits, renewable energy production entails some local challenges, such as requiring more space per unit production capacity. In this paper, we study the external effects of large-scale conventional and renewable electric power generation facilities on local house prices. We combine information of all coal, gas, and biomass plants, as well as all wind turbines in the Netherlands, with 1.5 million housing transactions over a period of 30 years. Using a difference-in-difference as well as a repeated sales model, we study the effects of facility openings and closings. Our results show negative external price effects for gas plants and wind turbines, but positive effects for biomass plants, conditionally upon ex-ante lower priced locations. The external effects of power generating facilities on local housing markets are important to consider, especially with the current focus of public policies on the expansion of renewable energy generation. Our paper is one of the first to present a large-scale study, using detailed information, and comparing several different energy sources in one framework.

Projects which push the limits of efficient performance concepts of high-pressure grinding rollers

The ore pretreatment process evolution is briefly addressed, with some milestones and pioneer projects described. Two advanced projects of concentration mills based on the technology of the pioneer-level high-pressure roll milling are discussed. The operating Canadian Copper Mountain Mill is interesting for using the technology which eliminates bottlenecks of the classical semi autogenous milling circuit, with the resultant increase in the mill capacity more than two times as against the initial project value. This result has been achieved for the first time in the world owing to total rejection of the ore pretreatment circuit and thanks to complete transition to press roller milling. Design and engineering of high-pressure roll mill HRC3000, as well as auxiliary milling and flotation equipment is in progress. The high-capacity Iron Bridge Magnetite Mill under construction in Australia can be assumed as the breakthrough project owing to the world’s first time trial of Enduron high-pressure grinding rolls by Weir Minerals in milling of magnetite quartzite and in dry production of fine products suitable for further processing without ball milling. The power saving in dry milling using high-pressure rolls will make 30 % at the least as compared with the present-day ore pretreatment by wet milling. Ball mills are withdrawn from the processing circuit, water consumption drops, carbon emissions are decreased, and the tailing storage becomes simpler and safer. In dry tailing storage, the capital investment is cut down as the operation of thickening of wet tailings is rejected, dam construction for tailings ponds is eliminated, and the environmental impact related with contamination of surface and ground water bodies, which is intrinsic to operation of conventional tailings storage facilities, is mitigated.

Chlorine emission characteristics and control status of coal-fired units

Chlorine is a harmful trace element in coal. During coal combustion, the chlorine undergoes complex changes and transfers to the gas, and forms chlorine-containing substances. This paper summarizes the field test data of chlorine emission from domestic coal-fired units, and analyzes the chlorine emission and control characteristics. The results show that during the combustion process, the chlorine in coal is released into flue gas, mainly HCl, and a small amount of Cl2 and particulate Cl. Conventional pollutant control facilities affect the form and concentration of Cl. The impact of dust removal facilities on Cl is mainly reflected in the coordinated removal of particulate Cl. The impact of wet desulfurization facilities on Cl is mainly reflected in the coordinated removal of HCl. The Cl emission concentration in flue gas of coal-fired units is 0.85 mg/m3, which meets the emission requirements. Chlorine is transferred from coal to fly ash, desulfurization wastewater and desulfurization gypsum, so the secondary pollution of chlorine should be paid much attention. HCl in coal-fired flue gas has an adverse effect on wet desulfurization facilities. Based on the material balance of chloride ions in absorption tower slurry, this paper proposes a technical idea for removing HCl from flue gas with alkaline absorbents.

Survey of non-conventional mental health care facilities in C\xf4te d\u2019Ivoire: first stage

BackgroundMental illnesses and disabilities as well as epileptic diseases remain an important public health issue. In Côte d’Ivoire, the provision of psychiatric care and specialised psychosocial facilities is almost non-existent. This study is based on the hypothesis that the care of people suffering from mental illness and epilepsy in Côte d’Ivoire is mainly in the hands of non-conventional mental health care facilities, including so-called ‘Prayer Camps’. These work according to traditional and spiritual principles and are mostly not registered or controlled by the Ivorian authorities.MethodsThis study is the first stage of a multi-stage study. For the first stage, a quantitative method with an exploratory and descriptive aim was chosen. 541 non-conventional mental health care facilities in Côte d’Ivoire were mapped, typologised according to their spiritual orientation and treatment methods, and examined according to some charactersitics. Semi-structured interviews with 435 facility leaders were conducted.ResultsThe article provides a typology of four types of non-conventional mental health care facilities in Côte d’Ivoire including Christian Prayer Camps, Traditional Healing Centres, Phytotherapy Centres, and Roqya Centres. It explores their administrative embedding, the qualification of the facility leaders as well as their willingness, in principle, to cooperate with conventional mental health care centres. A considerable number of non-conventional expressed a desire or acceptance of cooperation with psychiatric organisations.ConclusionsThe next stage of this multi-stage study will be to assess the clinical and legal situation of the patients in these centres. The aim is to interview the patients in order to analyse their perceptions and to capture the concerns of relatives and staff in the centres as well as the human rights situation in a mixed-method study. The long-term objective is to establish future cooperation between conventional psychiatric care providers and suitable non-conventional mental health care facilities and to implement a community mental health care policy in Côte d’Ivoire.

Technology Focus: Flow Assurance (November 2021)

I sincerely hope that all JPT readers and your families, peers, and employers remain safe and healthy and have work as they read this year’s Flow Assurance feature. Flow-assurance effects from slug-flow engineering, design, maintenance, and operations technical concerns still create and sustain challenging technical issues requiring safe, economical solutions for both onshore unconventional and offshore conventional production facilities. The recurring long-term mitigation of slugging and various flow-assurance phenomena—along with the prevention of wax, erosion, asphaltenes, corrosion, and salt deposition—and gas hydrate prediction and handling still demand attention and considerable project technical effort. Slug-flow assessments present opportunities for significant optimization in work flows to target governing operating scenarios. Paper OTC 30172 describes an integrated iterative approach between the flow-assurance and pipeline-engineering disciplines to streamline the work flow based on the value or cost associated with changes in input parameters that affect pipeline fatigue-assessment outcomes. Case studies on two multiphase pipelines are presented to illustrate this design approach. The results show that early identification of the key pipeline profile features and dominating spans for pipeline slugging fatigue assessments facilitated the optimization of slug-flow modeling and reduced computational time. The second paper, SPE 203448, presents decision trees that are considered as nonparametric machine-learning models. The data sets used in training and testing the predictive model are experimental and were collected from literature. Air/kerosene and air/water mixtures were used in obtaining the experimental data points. Results show that the proposed boosted decision tree regression (BDTR) model outperforms the best empirical correlations and the fuzzy-logic model used in estimating liquid holdup in gas/liquid multiphase flows. For the built model, the most important input feature in estimating liquid holdup is the superficial gas velocity. The empirical correlations developed in the past for identifying liquid holdup in multiphase flow can be applied only under the flow conditions by which they were originally developed. However, this machine-learning model does not suffer from this limitation. The third paper, OTC 31298, describes a slugging-control solution that was rejected because of the use of a pseudovariable as the principal control point. A novel control scheme, therefore, was developed and tested on simulations for both hydrodynamic slugging and severe riser-induced slugging in an Angolan field. The project implemented the novel active slugging control using a topsides control valve and topsides instrumentation. While a pseudovariable, a pseudoflow controller, was used, it was part of a cascade scheme such that the principal control variable was a real top-side pressure measurement. Upon com-missioning, slugging at the facility was found to be more severe than anticipated during design, but the novel active slug-control scheme was effective in controlling incoming slugs. The desire to understand better how to describe and improve flow assurance and multiphase flow for both offshore and onshore facilities drives new production technology research, applications, and approaches. The three papers listed for additional reading focus on developing further new analytical tools while providing safe, cost-effective, and reliable operations for flow assurance. I hope you find them as interesting as I did. In addition, I invite you to join the Flow Assurance Technical Section to augment your learning. Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org. OTC 30177 - Real-Time Online Hydrate Monitoring and Prevention in Offshore Fields by Syahida Husna Azman, Petronas, et al. SPE 201316 - Modeling Dynamic Loads Induced by Slug Flows Considering Gas Expansion Caused by the Pressure Gradient in a Free Span Horizontal Hanging Pipeline by Gabriel Meneses Santos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, et al. OTC 31238 - Taylor Bubbles of Viscous Slug Flow in Inclined Pipes by Longtong Abednego Dafyak, University of Nottingham, et al.

Optimal techno-economic design of hybrid PV/wind system comprising battery energy storage: Case study for a remote area

Due to the sustainability and emission-free property of hybrid renewable energy sources (RESs), they became challenging alternative sources to conventional energy production facilities. However, cost of energy (COE) and the intermittent nature of RESs are two adverse factors complicating the problem of system appropriate sizing. This study develops a generalized mathematical model to find the optimal PV/wind/battery system sizes for remote areas. The proposed methodology is applied on a remote area in Egypt-Sinai called Ras-Shaitan. The purpose of the optimization process is to meet the load demand while minimizing the COE under different loss of power supply probability (LPSP). The grey wolf optimizer (GWO) is employed to decide the number of units among photovoltaic, wind and battery banks to achieve the best minimum objective value. To validate the solution quality generated by the GWO, the widely used HOMER software, the particle swarm optimizer (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) as a well-known meta-heuristic algorithms, are applied to the same and their results are compared with those obtained by the GWO. Further validations are made, in which, a new algorithm called wild horse optimizer (WHO) is also applied as a new algorithm and its results compared to aforementioned methods. Moreover, different solutions are offered according to the LPSP. The optimal system offered by HOMER has COE of 0.118 $/kWh, while GWO resulted in a save of about 17% of the COE. The GWO has a better convergence trend and best statistics measures than the PSO.

Inconvenient truth: unsafely managed fecal sludge after achieving MDG for decades in Thailand

Abstract In most low- and middle-income countries, due to financial constraints and improper management practices, the expansion of conventional centralized systems to enhance wastewater management services is not practical. Despite the fact that the majority of the world population has met the Millennium Development Goals 7c (MDG7c) targets, more than 2.5 billion are still using unimproved sanitation facilities and affecting the safety of drinking water and public health. Because of this problem, a novel approach on ‘Non-Sewered Sanitation’ with decentralized treatment systems is being recognized as a promising alternative to accomplish the Sustainable Development Goal No. 6 (SDG6) targets on ‘Safe Water and Sanitation’ and bringing health benefits to the people. This study aimed to investigate the current status of access to improved sanitation facilities in relation to the MDG7c and SDG6 in Thailand and comparing with other countries, including the effects of unsafely managed fecal sludge (FS) on the prevalence of diarrhea and liver fluke infections. The prevailing constraints and weaknesses were identified, and effective sanitation management measures to accomplish SDG6 targets were recommended. Based on data collected from 20 cities located in the north and northeastern regions of Thailand during the period of 2015–2020, the sanitation facilities data on conventional centralized systems and FS management facilities that affect the prevalence of diarrhea and liver infections were analyzed and interpreted using statistical and response surface methodology techniques. The findings showed that most of the surveyed cities have achieved the MDG7c targets, but 70% of the FS generated from on-site sanitation systems are still unsafely managed, caused by limited expansion of sewage systems for wastewater collection and conveyance (with inadequate operation and maintenance) as well as the financial constraints, especially in areas outside of urban neighborhoods. The effective sanitation management practices to accomplish the SDG6 targets were proposed such as increasing the capacity of sanitation facilities to be 55,000 m3/day/30,000 households, designing appropriate FS collection program and treatment technology, and providing more awareness programs for safe sanitation management and health risk protection.

Ozonation of diclofenac in a laboratory scale bubble column: Intermediates, mechanism, and mass transfer study

Diclofenac (DCF), a non-steroidal analgesic drug, has been recurrently detected in surface and groundwater during the past two decades. Traces of DCF pass through the conventional wastewater treatment facilities without any alteration due to its resistance and high stability. This study aims the complete degradation and partial mineralization of DCF by an ozonation process. The findings of the study suggest that increasing pH of the system and ozone supply rate, and generation of hydroxyl radicals in situ enhance the degradation process. In contrast, the increasing initial concentration of DCF slows down the process. The pseudo-first-order reaction rate constants were in the range of 0.0742 – –0.0979 min−1. A model has been developed to predict the behavior of the rate constant with various operating variables. High volumetric mass transfer coefficients (i.e., 1.150–2.717 × 103 s−1) was observed during the mass transfer study of ozone in water. A probable mechanism for ozonation is suggested along with the structures of major intermediates formed during the oxidation. Distinct orange pigments appeared during the reaction, which confirmed the production of DCF-2, 5-iminoquinone. Di-chloro aniline, 5-hydroxy DCF. The carboxylic acids were mainly detected as the metabolites. The treatment cost was estimated to be USD 0.80 for treating 1 m3 of the solution containing 50 mg dm−3 DCF. In addition, the effect of other water matrices on DCF degradation was also investigated and reported.

A Nuanced Picture: Microbial Contamination at Conventional and Split Meat Processing Facilities.

Figure 2 is a scientific illustration titled “Examples of how antibiotic resistance spreads.” The figure uses cartoon illustrations in a flow chart to demonstrate how antibiotic resistance spreads ...

A novel experimental method to the internal thrust of rocket-based combined-cycle engine

• The method can be used to study high altitude performance of the RBCC engine. • There is a great moment to the engine when the rocket turns on. • The air mass flow rate is the most important factor to the RBCC engine. The rocket-based combined-cycle engine is considered as a promising scheme to achieve affordable and reusable space transportation. Under the ejector mode, the air mass flow rate is limited by aerodynamic chocking in the mixer of the engine. In other words, the air mass flow rate is determined by the downstream mixing. However for the requirement of critical air mass flow rate, the air stream supplying and the internal thrust measurement are difficult to conduct in the conventional ground experimental facilities. And more importantly, the critical thrust performance is also hard to obtain. A novel experimental facility is introduced in which the air stream is entrained from the ambient atmosphere. The inlet throat is large enough to make sure the inflow air is throttled by aerodynamic chocking in the mixer. In addition, a supersonic ejector is used to simulate the pressure environment at a high altitude. The internal thrust under different flight conditions can be calculated through the measured parameters in the experiments. The results show that the novel experimental facility can be used to study the thrust performance of rocket-based combined-cycle engine in ejector mode. The test precision is acceptable and the thrust difference between the test and the simulation is less than 8%. With the increase of the inflow Mach number, the engine internal drag under the cold flow condition rises as well as the specific impulse augmentation. The specific impulse augmentation could be 16.5% when the entrainment ratio is 1.88 at a simulated condition of H6.8 km / Mach 1.2.

Data Center Aggregators’ Optimal Bidding and Benefit Allocation Strategy Considering the Spatiotemporal Transfer Characteristics

The aggregator, an emerging entity in the electricity market, gathers and creates market power for the small flexible resources, which traditionally contain distributed generation, electric storage, and flexible load. Recently, the exploding growth of information technology demand gives rise to the data centers, whose participation in demand response (DR) is becoming increasingly significant for its remarkable performance in spatiotemporal transfer characteristics compared to conventional facilities. The high-quality DR potential of data centers provides a new opportunity for the profit-seeking data center aggregators (DCAs) to optimize their bidding plans in the day-ahead electricity market. Therefore, this article targets the formulation of the optimal bidding strategy of demand response aggregators (DRAs) to achieve the maximization of the joint benefit of both DCA and data centers. A spatiotemporal transfer characteristics-based optimization strategy is formulated to obtain the electricity purchasing scheme and arrangement of data centers. Meanwhile, the Shapley value method is introduced to design the appropriate and equitable DR reward mechanism that each DCA should compensate its customers, which would serve as a guarantee to ensure data centers' active participation in DR events and lay a solid foundation for the implementation of the DCA's optimal bidding strategy. Numerical tested results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal bidding model and the benefit allocation mechanism, which profit both DRA and data centers when participating in DR programs while preserving their daily power demand.

Optimization of the trimming tilting angle of the electric tiltrotor propeller group

The paper examined the possibility of improving the energy efficient performance of an electric tiltrotor with a lift-propulsion propeller group for a steady flight mode by reducing the energy consumption of the propeller group per unit of time or per unit of the path traveled by the electric tiltrotor. This is achieved by selecting the optimal tilting angles of the electric tiltrotor total thrust vector. In the proposed approach, the trimming tilting angle of the propeller group is variable, depending on the aerodynamic characteristics of the electric tiltrotor, its propeller group. Since the propeller group is equipped with the drives for tilting them, this approach is easily implemented by the conventional facilities of the electric tiltrotor. The tilting of the total thrust vector, on the one hand, leads to an increase in the effective value of the aerodynamic lift coefficient and, on the other hand, it is accompanied by a decrease in the projection of the total thrust vector on the flight speed vector, a change in the drag and power required to create the thrust of the propeller group. This circumstance makes it necessary to solve the optimization problem in order to increase the maximum endurance and long-range capabilities in the cruise mode of the electric tiltrotor flight. The paper presents a method for calculating the optimal tilting angles of the total thrust vector based on the equations of steady motion of the electric tiltrotor in the cruise flight mode, the expression for the total power required for the rotation of the propellers of the propeller group. The analytical dependences for the optimal tilting angles of the total thrust vector are obtained depending on the ratio of the wing area to the total propeller-disk area of the propeller group and the aerodynamic quality of the electric tiltrotor.

A comprehensive approach for microbiota and health monitoring in mouse colonies using metagenomic shotgun sequencing

BackgroundHealth surveillance of murine colonies employed for scientific purposes aim at detecting unwanted infection that can affect the well-being of animals and personnel, and potentially undermine scientific results. In this study, we investigated the use of a next-generation sequencing (NGS) metagenomic approach for monitoring the microbiota composition and uncovering the possible presence of pathogens in mice housed in specific pathogen-free (SPF) or conventional (non-SPF) facilities.ResultsAnalysis of metagenomic NGS assay through public and free algorithms and databases allowed to precisely assess the composition of mouse gut microbiome and quantify the contribution of the different microorganisms at the species level. Sequence analysis allowed the uncovering of pathogens or the presence of imbalances in the microbiota composition. In several cases, fecal pellets taken from conventional facilities were found to carry gene sequences from bacterial pathogens (Helicobacter hepaticus, Helicobacter typhlonius, Chlamydia muridarum, Streptococcus pyogenes, Rodentibacter pneumotropicus, Citrobacter rodentium, Staphylococcus aureus), intestinal protozoa (Entamoeba muris, Tritrichomonas muris, Spironucleus muris) nematoda (Aspiculuris tetraptera, Syphacia obvelata), eukaryotic parasites (Myocoptes musculinus) and RNA virus (Norwalk virus). Thus, the use of NGS metagenomics can reduce the number of tests required for the detection of pathogens and avoid the use of sentinel mice.ConclusionsIn summary, in comparison with standard approaches, which require multiple types of test, NGS assay can detect bacteria, fungi, DNA and RNA viruses, and eukaryotic parasites from fecal pellets in a single test. Considering the need to protect animal well-being and to improve the success and reproducibility of preclinical studies, this work provides the proof-of-concept that the use of NGS metagenomics for health monitoring of laboratory mice is a feasible and dependable approach, that is able to broaden the current concept of health monitoring of laboratory mice from “pathogen surveillance” to a more inclusive “microbiota surveillance”.

Steam Oxidation of Silicon Carbide at High Temperatures for the Application as Accident Tolerant Fuel Cladding, an Overview

Since the nuclear accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in 2011, a considerable number of studies have been conducted to develop accident tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings for safety enhancement of light water reactors. Among many potential ATF claddings, silicon carbide is one of the most promising candidates with many superior features suitable for nuclear applications. In spite of many potential benefits of SiC cladding, there are some concerns over the oxidation/corrosion resistance of the cladding, especially at extreme temperatures (up to 2000 °C) in severe accidents. However, the study of SiC steam oxidation in conventional test facilities in water vapor atmospheres at temperatures above 1600 °C is very challenging. In recent years, several efforts have been made to modify existing or to develop new advanced test facilities to perform material oxidation tests in steam environments typical of severe accident conditions. In this article, the authors outline the features of SiC oxidation/corrosion at high temperatures, as well as the developments of advanced test facilities in their laboratories, and, finally, give some of the current advances in understanding based on recent data obtained from those advanced test facilities.

A multi-objective model to optimize country-scale municipal solid waste management with economic and environmental objectives: A case study in Malaysia

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Experimental validation of a new type of direct-connect facility for scramjet studies

Combustion chamber design has been important to the development of scramjet engines for a long time. Conventional experimental facilities of scramjet could be divided into two types: free-jet and direct-connect facilities. Free-jet facility can provide real incoming conditions to the combustion chamber, especially the real shock wave train structures formed in inlet and isolator. Unfortunately, it is relatively expensive. While direct-connect facility has a distinct advantage in experimental cost and period, so it has been used widely in relevant researches. However, traditional direct-connect facility usually can only provide a uniform incoming flow, which is much different from the distorted flow field in real scramjet, and this is a non-negligible disadvantage to relevant design. An inverse design method based on method of characteristics (MOC) is presented to solve this problem. The facility designed by this new method can produce the pre-assigned distorted flow field without encountering unstart phenomenon. In this paper, experimental investigation of the new direct-connect facility, which is designed to reproduce a specific distorted flow field with Mach number more than 2, is further presented. Test data of particle image velocimetry (PIV), flow visualization experiments and corresponding numerical simulation results are used to verify the reliability and accuracy of this new facility. Qualitative flow visualization and quantitative measurement results further prove that this new type of direct-connect facility can generate the target distorted flow field as pre-defined.

Malaria in Guinean Rural Areas: Prevalence, Management, and Ethnotherapeutic Investigations in Dionfo, Sub-Prefecture of Labe.

As part of a validation program of antimalarial traditional recipes, an ethnotherapeutic approach was applied in Dionfo, a meso-endemic Guinean rural area where conventional health facilities are insufficient. A prevalence investigation indicated a malarial burden of 4.26%. Ethnomedical and ethnobotanical surveys led to a collection of 63 plant species used against malaria from which Terminalia albida (Combretaceae) was one of the most cited. Ethnotherapeutic evaluation of a remedy based on T. albida was applied to 9 voluntary patients suffering from uncomplicated malaria. Treatment of 7 to 14days led to an improvement of clinical symptoms and a complete parasite clearance achievement of 8/9 patients without side effects. In addition to antiplasmodial activity in vitro and in vivo previously described, this study indicates an efficacy to support the antimalarial traditional use of T. albida, which could constitute a first-aid treatment when access to other medicines is delayed in the Dionfo community. Ethnotherapeutical investigation could be a valuable approach to guide subsequent investigations on traditional remedies.

Bioelectrochemical system as an innovative technology for treatment of produced water from oil and gas industry: A review

Disposal of the high volume of produced water (PW) is a big challenge to the oil and gas industry. High cost of conventional treatment facilities, increasing energy prices and environmental concern had focused governments and the industry itself on more efficient treatment methods. Bioelectrochemical system (BES) has attracted the attention of researchers because it represents a sustainable way to treat wastewater. This is the first review that summarizes the progress done in PW-fed BESs with a critical analysis of the parameters that influence their performances. Inoculum, temperature, hydraulic retention time, external resistance, and the use of real or synthetic produced water were found to be deeply related to the performance of BES. Microbial fuel cells are the most analyzed BES in this field followed by different types of microbial desalination cells. High concentration of sulfates in PW suggests that most of hydrocarbons are removed mainly by using sulfates as terminal electron acceptor (TEA), but other TEAs such as nitrate or metals can also be employed. The use of real PW as feed in experiments is highly recommended because biofilms when using synthetic PW are not the same. This review is believed to be helpful in guiding the research directions on the use of BES for PW treatment, and to speed up the practical application of BES technology in oil and gas industry.

Enhancing Oneness through a Co-Housing Community

Many of us live in conventional housing facilities, and recent changes in the demographic shift and economic changes create a more significant impact and reshape the spaces we live, work, etc. Modern life makes it challenging to find an answer for the housing crisis and social change, and this, when paired with a safety and security crisis, we can see the decline in meaningful social connections, isolation, leading to sparse human interactions and a lack of vibrant community life. These issues, in turn, threaten not just the quality of life but also human well-being. In response, architecture must create an inclusive urban fabric that meets all groups of people’s social, physical and economic needs. One way to deal with these issues is by revisiting previous models of inhabitation, analysing and modifying them in order to achieve a sustainable living model. This study aims to understand and compare the existing models of co-housing communities across the globe and provide insights into how the concept of co-housing is evolving and how it is likely to impact India. A survey has been conducted with 150 people of diverse age groups to understand the needs and trends of people and further by developing a framework for co-housing communities in an urban setting, where it has the potential to offer a different scale of social organisation and to provide a supportive housing environment emphasising more on sustainable lifestyle practices. Architecture must enhance a person’s lifestyle, and co-housing can catalyse the same.
 Submitted: 29 November 2020; Revised: 18 December 2020; Accepted: 14 April 2021

PENGELOLAAN BANK PLASTIK DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN EKONOMI DAN KEBERSIHAN DI DESA WISATA CEPAKA

Garbage is a major problem in the community which can cause environmental pollution, the daily life of the village community is more about processing the final waste by burning it at a certain time, therefore with the existence of a waste bank there will be an increase in environmental awareness and perhaps economic awareness. The Garbage Bank is a business entity engaged in inorganic waste management. People can sort and save waste at the Garbage Bank, so that it can generate economic value. The Garbage Bank serves customers in saving waste, but most of the Garbage Bank still uses conventional transaction facilities, which causes the transaction data to be lost, damaged, or inaccurate calculation of transaction data. The Garbage Bank also serves garbage collection to customer locations around the Garbage Bank. This research has the main objective to provide assistance in the making and provision of administrative bookkeeping to the Management of the Cepaka Harum Plastic Bank.