Convenient Values Research Articles

Facilitators and inhibitors of attitude and word-of-mouth intention toward adoption of digital municipal service systems: A stimulus-organism-response approach.

Increased technology adoption has significantly transformed how governments interact with citizens. Today, e-government services and tools are integral to modern public administration. Factors affecting users' adoption of e-government services have been studied in the past. However, this study focuses on citizens' acceptance and resistance to such services, which have not been thoroughly explored. This study addresses the gap by examining the facilitators and inhibitors affecting users' perceptions of the Digital Municipal Service System (DMSS). An integrated research model was developed based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework. Using Smart-PLS, the study validated 353 respondents' data collected from Bangladesh. The study revealed that platform quality, convenience, social, and inclusiveness values significantly influenced attitudes toward DMSS adoption. On the other hand, tradition and usage barriers significantly negatively impacted attitudes toward DMSS adoption. These findings offer important insights for policymakers involved in developing and implementing e-government services in emerging economies such as Bangladesh. The study also provides a foundation for further research on technology adoption.

Customers’ reuse intention to autonomous delivery vehicles in terminal delivery service: A valence theory perspective

Autonomous delivery vehicles (ADVs), as a new tool in terminal delivery, are currently used extensively. However, for the permanent success of the ADV industry, logistics providers need to understand the influencing mechanism of consumers' reuse intention of ADVs. Therefore, this research uses valence theory as basis in analyzing the elements and mechanisms affecting consumers’ reuse intention of ADVs. Survey data were assembled from 550 ADV consumers in China through online questionnaires, and partial least squares structural equation model was used as a tool for data analysis. Findings indicate that convenience and hedonic value can enhance the perceived value of ADVs. Perceived value can positively affect reuse intention through the attitude toward using ADVs, whereas perceived cost negatively affects the reuse intention through the attitude toward using ADVs. The discussion section of this paper summarizes the results and implications and provides valuable suggestions for logistics providers and developers.

Comparative Analysis of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Types in the Metropolitan Region Along the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

Currently, with the acceleration of urbanization, traditional transportation modes are increasingly causing congestion, pollution, and resource waste, drawing widespread attention to Transit-Oriented Development (TOD). TOD is an urban development concept that advocates the implementation of high-density, mixed-use land utilization around transit stations to encourage the use of public transportation, reduce reliance on private vehicles, and achieve more sustainable urban growth. The ‘node–place’ model is a classic analytical framework in TOD typology, forming the foundation for assessing TOD effectiveness. However, this model requires expansion due to its limited adaptability. This study aims to bridge this gap by proposing an innovative, network-based ‘node–place–convenience (NPC)’ model to enhance insights on the overall assessment of metro networks. Using a combination of CRITIC weighting and K-means++ clustering, this study evaluates TOD in cities with metros in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. By assessing node, place, and convenience values of metro stations, this study compares how different urban structures, population distributions, and metro network configurations impact travel behavior, economic vitality, and regional sustainability. The results show that TOD degree in Wuhan decreases from urban to suburban areas, presenting ‘center to sub-center’ pattern in Changsha, and presenting ‘ring-radial’ distribution across the city center in Nanchang. The clustering results divide TOD benefits into six groups, with Changsha performing the best, followed by Wuhan, while Nanchang still has room for improvement. The average TOD benefits for Wuhan, Changsha, and Nanchang are 0.28, 0.35, and 0.28.

Orthodontics Simulations as Teaching Tools

Traditional teaching methods in orthodontics employ static photos posing immense challenges as the learner is unable to conceptualise the changes in different planes that affect final tooth positions in the upper and lower jaws following treatment. Furthermore, the protracted treatment time of orthodontics ranges from 12 months (simple cases) to 36 months (complex cases) thus adding yet another dimension “patient growth” especially children often referred to as 4th Dimension of Time. Previous work at UQ with SBLi (Scenario Based Learning interactive https://youtu.be/PUIanIl5CFc?si=vDf8JwFjHixtzol7) (Naser-ud-Din, 2015) has shown that creating online teaching tools incorporating multimedia to address the concepts of dynamic change and is impactful for student learning on demand with global accessibility. Online asynchronous learning have three key strengths: firstly, flexibility for updating with contemporary software by learning designers and academics; secondly, ease for formative assessment for large cohorts and thirdly, international presence for potential commercialization. Feedback at UQ for postgraduate orthodontic students was overwhelmingly positive as students found interactivity highly engaging and appreciated the self-regulated aspect of it akin to that found in other publications (Hakami, 2021; Khoo et al., 2023; Naser-ud-Din, 2016). However, simulation creation is expensive (Kröger et al., 2017) and thus, it is essential to explore cost-effective teaching tools that are sustainable with the dental industry partners and easily translated into clinical practice. With advent of 3D simulations in Orthodontics, current literature is limited (Ho et al., 2022; Karanth et al., 2024; Sipiyaruk et al., 2023) and future best practices will require initiatives to enhance teaching recommendations. Moreover, LEAN an essential component for success in major industries who observer consistent success such as in aviation, and other professions have added value of efficiency, effectiveness, convenience and comfort. Hallmarks to improve outcomes and safety. The aim of this project is to complete 5 essential orthodontic chapters for the Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) students at MDS in (years 2-4) by introducing 3D simulations for orthodontic treatments start to finish; embedded in H5P teaching assessment tool. At present, limited number of such modules have been created with original clinical cases by the primary investigator (SN). Interactive online digital assets are valuable and need to be based on sound principles of Heutagogy for self-directed learning. Furthermore, LEAN foundation creates effectiveness and efficiency of delivery of core content. Essentially this project is aligned with Advancing students education strategy 2023-30 of the UoM P-9 “remove barriers to innovation and forge new partnership models between professional and academic”. At the time of writing there is lack of integrated 3D simulations for education in Orthodontics, thus addressing a gap to create interactive learning environments that are translated to clinical practice in dentistry. Thus utilizing in future CADCAM (Computer assisted Design Computer Assisted Manufacture) with efficiency and confidence for the graduate learner. The CADCAM tech is now widely incorporated by industry partners in dental technologies into mainstream Dentistry providing precision and speed. Refinement of these three modules will pave way as huge potential for commercialization under the banner of UoM with InnovateEd in near future. Moreover, the LEAN will assist in providing future sustainability.

An Analysis of the Use of Instagram among English Education Students at University of Mataram

Instagram is being a popular platform among students nowadays. This demographic finds the platform engaging and useful for multiple purposes especially in language learning. This research study aimed to (a) find out how students of the English Education Program at the University of Mataram use Instagram for language learning, (b) to identify the motivation of the students in using Instagram for language learning, (c) to reveal the challenges faced by students in using Instagram as a learning tool. The research employed qualitative research method to provide a comprehensive understanding. Data were collected through questionnaire with 61 students in the third semester of English Education Program and interviewed ten students each of them. Among other findings, the present study reports the use, motivation, and challenge on using Instagram for language learning. Most students use Instagram to learn English by following English learning accounts; watching English content; learning from infographics and memes; reading captions; and etc. Their motivations include the desire for practical language application; the sense of community; and the convenience and entertainment value that Instagram offers. However, challenges such as potential distractions; the risk of encountering inaccurate information; and the need for self-discipline in a largely unstructured environment highlight the limitations of relying solely on this platform for language learning.

FINANCIAL PROVISION OF MARKETING ACTIVITIES OF MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES FOR STRENGTHENING COMPETITIVENESS IN THE CONTEXT OF A NEW REALITY

The purpose of this article is to develop a methodological approach to evaluating all possible options for the financial provision of the marketing activities of modern machine-building enterprises under conditions of full-scale war. Thus, the new conditions of reality are characteristic specifically of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises, which become the key object of the study. As a result, within this article, the optimal forms of financial provision, both external and internal, were chosen based on evaluation results, which will allow not only to "survive" in the current conditions for Ukrainian machine-building enterprises but also to strengthen their competitiveness in the face of new challenges and threats. The identification of the most optimal forms of financial provision and the conduct of evaluations were made possible through the implementation of expert analysis, using the Delphi method. The central place in the methodology of the article is occupied by the method of hierarchical multicriteria evaluation. Its thorough substantiation has better reflected the main results of the research. The developed methodological approach is distinguished by its convenience and practical value in the conditions of the new reality, that is wartime. Another feature is the consideration of not only internal resources but also external ones. Ultimately, the proper and secure application of the defined forms of internal and external financial provision of marketing activities to change their own competitiveness was also substantiated. This, in turn, allowed forming the correct trajectory for how to evaluate one’s own financial provision options for marketing activities and how to apply them to enhance one’s competitiveness. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in substantiating recommendations for establishing the optimal form of financial provision of marketing activities for machine-building enterprises.

Purchase intention toward E-pharmacy: the consumption value perspective

Purpose This study aims to examine consumer purchase behavior towards E-pharmacy from a consumption value perspective. For this purpose, the influence of consumption values on consumer purchase intention is evaluated. Further, the role of consumer involvement in online purchase setup in the context of E-pharmacy is observed using moderation analysis. Design/methodology/approach The study used a cross-sectional survey design, wherein the respondents in the Delhi-National Capital Region of India were approached using a purposive sampling method. Responses received through the structured questionnaire were subjected to analysis using Smart PLS Version 4.0.9.6. Findings Results indicate a significant influence of functional (partial), emotional, social and conditional values on consumers’ purchase intention. Moreover, the moderation effect of consumer online involvement is seen in functional value (partial) and emotional value–purchase intention relationships. Research limitations/implications This study reinforces the use of the consumption value perspective to explain consumer purchase behavior toward information system (IS)-based platforms such as E-pharmacy. Some of the results, in this context, that did not establish significant relationships between a given form of consumption values and purchase intention, open up the possibilities of retesting the said relationships in the future. The researchers would realize the benefit of such examinations, as the E-pharmacy sector further evolves and matures in the future. Further, the successful establishment of a significant moderating role of consumer online involvement in certain consumption value-purchase intention relationships such as safety, perceived convenience and comfort value paves the way for future researchers to explore consumer online involvement for a similar role in IS research. Practical implications This study provides cues for E-pharmacy marketers to focus on enhancing product safety, usage comfort, users’ social image and awareness toward health consciousness that will help build purchase intention and assist in overcoming the challenges in the long run. It further suggests that marketers should have a strong re-look at forming price value perceptions and they must enhance the interactive features of the company’s mobile apps/websites with the help of the emerging artificial intelligence tools to re-orient the epistemic value and perceived convenience value toward E-pharmacy services. Furthermore, this study recommends following digital marketing practices to increase consumer online involvement, which would help strengthen perceived convenience formation that would otherwise be difficult to attain for E-pharmacy consumers. Originality/value This study provides novel insight into consumer purchase intention evaluation through the consumption value perspective in an emerging E-pharmacy market. The consumption value frame of reference helps to understand consumers’ buying rationale that affects their buying behavior beyond the initial adoption. Further, the moderation analysis of consumer online involvement provides an additional dimension to understanding consumer buying behavior concerning E-pharmacy.

Exploring the customer perceived value of online grocery shopping: a cross-sectional study of Korean and Chinese consumers using Means-End Chain theory

Objectives: Despite the growing market share of online grocery shopping, there is a need to understand customer perceived value due to the ongoing advancements in information technology. This study explores the connections between attributes, consequences, and values. Additionally, it conducts a cross-country comparison of consumers’ online grocery shopping behaviors to gain a deeper understanding of consumer market segments and any potential variations among them. Methods: Data was collected through an online questionnaire survey conducted from May 1 to 15, 2024, targeting 400 consumers in Seoul, Korea, and Shanghai, China, who have experience with online grocery shopping. The survey utilized the Means-End Chain theory and association pattern technique hard laddering. Data collation and analysis were conducted using the IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0 program. The LadderUX software was employed to analyze the links between attributes, consequences, and values and create the consumer purchasing process’s implication matrix and hierarchical value map (HVM). Results: The study identified key attributes that influence online grocery shopping decisions, including delivery service, price, freshness, and quality. Korean consumers demonstrated a higher sensitivity to price (19.0%) and delivery service (17.0%). In contrast, Chinese consumers prioritized delivery service (15.0%) and after-sales service (14.8%). Commonly cited consequences included time saving (12.6% for Koreans, 11.3% for Chinese), whereas prevalent values encompassed convenience (36.8% for Koreans, 19.6% for Chinese) and economic value (26.6% for Koreans, 14.7% for Chinese). The HVM underscored these insights, highlighting diverse consumer preferences and country-specific nuances. Conclusions: The findings highlight the current state of online food consumption and consumers’ value systems, revealing variations among countries. These findings offer empirical insights that can be used to create customized global marketing strategies that resonate with various consumer preferences and market dynamics.

In smartness we trust: consumer experience, smart device personalization and privacy balance

PurposeDrawing on the personalization–privacy paradox and guided by means–end analysis, this study explores how consumers balance their concerns for privacy and the benefits of smart home device personalization and the role that trust plays in the process. More specifically, this study aims to investigate how perceptions of smart device personalization and privacy concerns are shaped by consumers’ experiences and the role of trust in the deliberation process.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth interviews were conducted across diverse demographic groups of smart device users to shed light on the balancing act between personalization and privacy.FindingsThe study found that product experience, ownership type, perceived value of convenience and control and quality of life via “smart things” are key motivators for product usage. The benefits of tailored recommendations and high relevance are balanced against the risks of echo chamber effects and loss of control. The results also show the role of active involvement in the privacy calculus and trust level. The study points to the significance of an ecosystem-based service/business model in gaining consumer confidence when they balance between personalization and privacy.Originality/valueAlthough many studies have explored trust, privacy concerns and personalization in an artificial intelligence (AI)-related context, few have addressed trust in the context of both smart devices and the personalization–privacy paradox. As such, this study adds to the existing literature by incorporating the concept of trust and addressing both privacy concerns and personalization in the AI context.

Quantifying consumers’ cost-value trade-offs on on-demand food delivery services: Value-of-time framework and partitioned pricing

PurposeThis study aims to quantitatively characterize consumers' value-cost trade-offs in on-demand food delivery (ODFD) services. On the value side, the study endeavors to monetize the convenience value of ODFD with a Value-of-Time (VOT) framework, while on the cost side, this study investigates the implication of ODFD's partitioned pricing structure with the theoretical tenet of Attribution Theory. Design/methodology/approachA stated choice experiment is developed and distributed to an online panel in Singapore with 580 valid responses collected. The data is then analyzed with a mixed logit model. FindingsThe results show that cost, time, and health-related factors significantly influence consumers' dining channel choices. In terms of time, consumers' differentiated time sensitivities are revealed. Specifically, consumers are most sensitive to walking time, followed by waiting time at food establishments and at their own places. Also, the food type and dining locations affect consumers’ time perceptions. Regarding cost, consumers exhibit an inflated price sensitivity toward food premiums compared to delivery fees. Originality/valueThis study addresses the lack of quantitative investigations into the value-cost tradeoffs in ODFD services. ODFD's convenience values are quantified and monetized with a novel VOT-based framework. Besides, the study sheds light on the underexplored partitioner pricing scheme with the theoretical tenet of the Attribution Theory. Overall, the research provides behavioral insights to support practitioners' operational decision-making.

Order prescriptions online: Determinants of purchase satisfaction in an emerging Indian e‐pharmacy sector

AbstractThe burgeoning Indian e‐pharmacy sector, spurred by digital commerce growth and affordable Internet access, presents a promising solution to distribution challenges, especially during the pandemic. Despite doubling online sales within a few months of lockdown and significant investments, understanding consumer behaviour in this novel domain remains crucial. This research addresses this gap by employing the stimuli–organism–response (SOR) model to conceptualize and empirically validate the determinants of customer purchase satisfaction in e‐pharmacies. In the e‐pharmacy context, stimuli encompass online cues like the perception of honesty (PH), convenience value (CV), perceived risk and quality perception. The organismic state embodies the user's propensity to purchase medications online (PPMS), whereas the response represents their customer purchase satisfaction (CPS). Employing partial least squares structural equation modelling on data from 220 consumers, this study reveals significant relationships between stimuli and PPMS and CPS. Furthermore, subjective norm moderates the influence of PH and CV on PPMS, highlighting the importance of social influence in online pharmacy decisions. These findings enrich the understanding of consumer behaviour in e‐pharmacies and demonstrate the utility of the SOR model in this context. This research contributes to both theory and practice. Theoretically, it pioneers applying the SOR model to e‐pharmacies, uncovering the interplay between environmental cues, internal states, and purchase satisfaction. Practically, the study offers valuable insights for e‐pharmacy platforms to enhance user experience and promote customer satisfaction.

여행상품 라이브커머스 특성이 지각된 유용성, 몰입 및 구매의도에 미치는 영향

This study aims to understand the factors influencing the intention to purchase travel products in live commerce, a rapidly emerging form of contactless online consumption. Specifically, this study examined how live commerce characteristics (i.e., real-time interactivity, playfulness, show host awareness, shopping convenience, price value, and presence), Technology Acceptance Model components (i.e., social influence and facilitating conditions), and flow lead to purchase intention. A total of 290 valid responses were collected via an online survey, targeting individuals who have watched live commerce for travel products. Results revealed that real-time interactivity, playfulness, and presence significantly impacted perceived usefulness, whereas show host awareness, shopping convenience, and price value did not. Furthermore, flow was significantly affected by real-time interactivity, playfulness, shopping convenience, price value, and presence but show host awareness had no impact. Perceived usefulness, flow, social influence, and facilitating conditions all significantly influenced purchase intention. Additionally, a significant moderating effect of gender was observed on the relationship between flow and purchase intention. The study offers several theoretical and practical implications for enhancing understanding and promoting travel products through live commerce.

Колокола-гиганты в Сибири в XVII–XX вв.: памятники литья и их культурное значение

There is fragmentary information about giant bells in Siberia; the topic of studying this phenomenon has not been raised before. The article gives and justifies the definition of a giant bell. Bells weighing 500 pounds or more were found in most large provincial Siberian cities; in some cases (Tobolsk, Kungur, Pyskor, Nizhny Tagil, Irkutsk) there were several such bells. It is noted that in Siberia, which has experienced a shortage of bells throughout the entire Orthodox period of existence, bells of smaller weight can also be considered giants. Giant bells were the subject of special concern of kings and bishops and had great cultural significance in the life of Siberians. Notifying local residents about the most important events not only in the church and state life of the country, the ringing of such bells was a kind of mass media for the population. In the conditions of low-rise buildings in Siberian settlements, this ringing covered not only the entire territory of the city, but was often heard in neighboring settlements. During the research, the problem of attribution of bells in terms of their weight arose. It turned out that in various pre-revolutionary sources the same bell can have different data; often the weight was rounded to some more convenient values, both up and down. Of the 22 bells described in the article, not a single giant survived after the anti-bell campaign of the 20th century; all of them were destroyed. The article raises the issue of restoring the lost bell heritage and provides data on the existing giant bells cast at the beginning of the 21st century.

The Determining Role of E-Service Quality, Utilitarian Value, and E-Customer Loyalty in the Banking Sector

The industrial revolution in the Internet sector has occurred worldwide, including in the banking industry. Internet banking has many advantages compared to traditional banking. For example, internet banking allows customers to carry out various banking activities at any time at low costs. The research method used was explanatory research with a quantitative approach; the research used SPSS analysis, and based on this, the sample used was 200 Bank Banjarmasin customers. The research results show that the E-Service Quality variable is reflected by system availability, fulfillment of needs, compensation, contact, responsiveness, efficiency, and privacy, which are most appreciated by system availability. The Utilitarian Value variable is reflected by convenience and security, most appreciated by convenience. The E-Customer Loyalty variable is reflected by continued use and recommendations that are most appreciated by continued use. The findings can be helpful theoretically, namely scientific development material that contributes to the theory of consumer behavior and related theories, all of which are linked to current advances in digital technology. For practitioners, namely the banking sector, it is hoped that they will be able to improve E-Service Quality, especially efficiency, Utilitarian Value, especially convenience, and Hedonic Value, especially pleasure. However, these elements have little influence; if they can be improved further, they will provide more satisfaction and a sense of attachment to the parties. banking and will ultimately be able to improve loyalty to customers.

Feasibility of Provision and Vaccine Hesitancy at a Central Hospital COVID-19 Vaccination Site in South Africa after Four Waves of the Pandemic.

As mortality declined significantly during the fourth and fifth waves compared to previous waves, the question of the future role of COVID-19 vaccination arose among both experts and the public in South Africa. Turning attention away from the general public, now considered to be at very low risk of severe COVID-19 disease, a commonly held view was that the vaccination campaign should focus only on those who remain highly vulnerable to severe disease and death from COVID-19. Primary amongst this group are patients with common chronic diseases attending hospital outpatient departments. We hypothesized that providing COVID-19 vaccinations on-site at a central hospital will increase uptake for the patients with co-morbid chronic conditions who need them most in the Omicron phase of the pandemic. Evaluate the acceptability, need, and uptake of a hospital-based vaccination site for patients attending the medical hospital outpatient departments. To assess vaccination uptake, coverage, and hesitancy in people attending a central hospital, to determine factors associated with and influencing vaccination uptake, and to document implementation and assess acceptability of the vaccination project among staff and persons attending the hospital. Mixed-methods study using quantitative and qualitative methods. Of the 317 participants enrolled in the study, 229 (72%) had already received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. A total of 296 participants were eligible for a first vaccination, additional vaccination, or booster vaccination according to the South African Department of Health guidelines. Of those previously vaccinated, 65% opted for an additional dose on the day it was offered (same day). Only 13 previously unvaccinated participants (15% of vaccine naïve participants) opted for vaccination, increasing vaccine coverage with at least one dose from 72% to 76%. Approximately 24% (n = 75) of all participants refused vaccination (vaccine hesitant). Variables tested for an association with vaccination status demonstrated that age reached statistical significance. Emerging themes in the qualitative analysis included perceptions of vulnerability, vaccine safety and efficacy concerns, information gaps regarding vaccinations, the value of convenience in the decision to vaccinate, and the role of health promoters. This study has shown that it is logistically acceptable to provide a vaccination site at a large hospital targeting patients attending outpatient services for chronic medical conditions. This service also benefits accompanying persons and hospital staff. Access and convenience of the vaccination site influence decision-making, increasing the opportunity to vaccinate. However, vaccine hesitancy is widespread with just under one-quarter of all those offered vaccinations remaining unvaccinated. Strengthening health education and patient-clinician engagement about the benefits of vaccination is essential to reach highly vulnerable populations routinely attending hospital outpatient departments with an appropriate vaccination program.

An Innovative Layer-by-Layer Edible Coating to Regulate Oxidative Stress and Ascorbate–Glutathione Cycle in Fresh-Cut Melon

Fresh-cut fruits, renowned for their convenience and nutritional value, are susceptible to rapid deterioration, compromising their quality and shelf life. In this study, a sustainable and environmentally friendly edible coating was developed based on sodium alginate (SA; 1% w/v), cedar mucilage (CM; 4% w/v), and calcium chloride (2% w/v), applied using a layer-by-layer technique to preserve the quality and prolong the shelf life of fresh-cut melon. Fruits were cut into cubes coated or uncoated by dipping and subsequently packaged in a polyethylene terephthalate container and stored for 15 days at 4 °C. Physicochemical traits and qualitative features such as polyphenol, flavonoid, carotenoid, ascorbic acid content, as well as antioxidant activity, were assessed. Furthermore, the enzymatic antioxidant system and the ascorbate–glutathione cycle were investigated. The coating reduced weight loss and enhanced polyphenol, flavonoid, and ascorbic acid content and antioxidant activity during cold storage. Edible coating (SA + CM) represents a valid tool to extend the postharvest life, improve the storability, and enhance the physicochemical and qualitative traits of fresh-cut melon. Further research is required to optimize coating formulations and application techniques to maximize their effectiveness and commercial viability in the food industry.

Detection Swell Situation using LED by Pulse Changing-state of Porous Matter on Skin

Changes in fluid within the vitreous chamber were examined using a non-invasive technique using LED. The vitreous chamber was irradiated with a certain amount of LED as an elliptical circular sphere to confirm the acute-angle vitreous chamber status with continuous pulsation transition. Dazzling-divergence knowledge level (DDKL) was determined as the number generated by pulsation knowledge figuration by receiving the scattered signal generated from the irradiated LED for a certain number of seconds. The knowledge level was configured as a system that converts pulsation generated in a vitreous chamber, and the uneven conveyance technique was used to confirm the experimental conditions of dazzling halftone-free-vector-dot. The degree of scattering around micro-vessels and foreign substances was found to occur at a halftone-free-vector-dot level within the vitreous chamber. The maximum average value of DDKL was calculated as the result of the tide-beating status as a result of the output formed in the vitreous chamber status. In Pu-KF-FA-αAVG-MIN, the pulsation far transformation due to pulsation halftone-free-vector-dot beating was shown as 10.90±12.69 units. In pulsation convenient transformation value, Pu-KF-CO-αAVG-MIN was found to be 4.08±3.45. In pulsation flank transformation value, Pu-KF-PU-αAVG-MIN was found to be 0.85±0.76 units. In pulsation vicinage transformation value, Pu-KF-VI-αAVG-MIN was found to be 0.19±0.17 units. By expanding the knowledge level in DDKL, a vitreous chamber status was formed and halftone-free-vector-dot was developed, and the pulsation knowledge figuration ability was evaluated by scattering the vitreous chamber figuration according to the acute-angle. Examining the vitreous chamber using the uneven conveyance technique as a non-invasive technique confirmed that dazzling-divergence figuration, which requires a knowledge level system, appeared due to uneven conveyance. These physical findings enable the functional peculiarity of pulsation knowledge figuration in a vitreous chamber and provide a data base that can be utilized at the vitreous chamber level in a tide knowledge system.

Inflection of Beating Transformation by Routing Point on Vitreous Chamber

Moist skin on the wild surface is a roll alteration that transports droplets like a superconductor in a single or multi-layer multi-block module. Coruscating-individualization realization level (CIRL) within the skin used a technique of messaging with a roll realization level function in the stiff swell-repercussion status and mixing with pulse changes. In the swell-repercussion status, the roll messaging function within the skin was calculated as the roll value found as a peel-stick-wall-dot by the superstructure being observed. The roll repercussion function shown in the dermis layer consisted of an alteration signal as a realization level based on the coruscating-individualization level, and was measured using the technical concept of pulse change of the diffusion repercussion function and converted to the value of CIRL by the maximum average. The degree of pulse change was expressed as the degree of water distribution within the skin, and a value was formed according to the realization level of the repercussion function. In Ro-RG-FA-ΦMAX-MIN, the roll far alteration value due to roll peel-stick-wall-dot repercussion was shown as 19.77±4.36 units. In roll convenient alteration value, Ro-RG-CO-ΦMAX-MIN was found to be 6.68±1.33. In roll flank alteration value, Ro-RG-RO-ΦMAX-MIN was found to be 1.64±0.01 units. In roll vicinage alteration value, Ro-RG-VI-ΦMAX-MIN was found to be 0.42±0.15 units. In the dermis layer, swell repercussion by CIRL is evaluated by the degree of peel-stick-wall-dot diffusion function shown at the roll realization level of porous matter, and the dermis layer shown at the messaging level system is expressed as a differentiated function and can be used. You can. The function of the porous in the dermis layer is a concept that suppresses differential signals in diffusion realizationl systems and could be utilized as a promising key tool to utilize the data from a nanotechnology perspective and for basic applications for analyzing surfaces.

Characterizing the US Market for Salad Mixes through the Lens of Environmental Preferences

The consumption of salad mixes has increased because of their convenience and nutritional value, resulting in significant sales increases during the past decade. Conversely, the uses of pest-control chemicals, long-distance transportation of salad mixes, and plastic packaging have raised environmental concerns among “green consumers.” Because proenvironmental products are becoming more widespread, this study delved into market segments of salad mix consumers based on their preferences for proenvironmental labels. Data for this study were collected via a 2020 web-based survey of 2100 salad mix consumers in the United States. We performed a comprehensive two-stage cluster analysis that integrated both hierarchical and partitioning methods. This analysis was based on consumers’ preferences and evaluations of production (low energy use, low fertilizer use, low greenhouse gas emissions, low water use, and pollinator-friendly) and marketing-related (biodegradable packaging, low carbon footprint, and low food miles) proenvironmental labels. Three segments were identified. We used ordered probit regression to assess the impact of consumer demographic characteristics, market preferences, and environmental perceptions on cluster membership. The deep-rooted segment, which represented 36% of the sample, highly valued all proenvironmental labels related to salad mixes and had a particular preference for labels that included low fertilizer use, pollinator-friendly production methods, and low greenhouse gas emissions. The indecisive segment comprised 40% of the sample and moderately valued all proenvironmental labels; this group mainly comprised individuals with lower income levels and those living in rural areas. The skeptic segment represented 23% of the sample and valued environmental labels less than the deep-rooted and indecisive segments did; additionally, they reported the lowest consumption of salad mixes. These findings can help retailers and policymakers communicate information about proenvironmental labels more effectively to each segment of salad mix consumers.

ARvolution: Decoding consumer motivation and value dimensions in augmented reality

Recent technological advancements, notably in augmented reality (AR), have disrupted the marketing landscape, arousing interest in immersive experiences for consumers. In particular, AR has emerged as a powerful tool for marketers across various industries for bridging the imagination gap. Despite this potential, many managers grapple with how to strategically integrate AR. The literature on AR marketing highlights its ability to inspire, engage, increase sales, induce impulse buying, and enhance customer–brand relationships. However, a comprehensive understanding of the value AR provides to users remains lacking. This study addresses this gap by applying consumption value theory to identify the dimensions influencing AR usage. By integrating this theory into the technology acceptance model, we establish a coherent framework for analyzing the values driving AR adoption. The study uncovers the importance of convenience value and informational value, in particular, for closing the imagination gap. While emotional hedonic value was only significant for female consumers, there was no statistical support for monetary value and social value in the present study. Thus, this study uncovers motivational values that people seek when they use AR.