Convenience Goods Research Articles

자율주행 차량 사고 원인 분석을 통한 안전성 제고 방안

Although the convenience of drivers is maximizing due to the full-fledged self-driving service, complex problems are still emerging in various areas, including legal, ethical, and social aspects. As a result, social awareness and acceptability of self-driving cars have not been sufficiently formed, and efforts to improve stability are essential at this point. Therefore, in this study, only records of accidents while driving autonomously were selected among the accident data of autonomous vehicles provided by California DMV and the causes of accidents were analyzed for about 400 cases. As a result, main causes were verified as low recognition rate of parked vehicles, inability to grasp changes in vehicle size due to attachment of convenience goods, insufficient defense driving system, low recognition speed in special road conditions, etc. To mitigate these problems, it is expected to increase vehicle recognition rate, reconstruct safety area range, devise additional vehicle functionalities for defensive driving, and emphasize the importance of communication between self-driving cars and smart roads. These measures aim to enhance the safety of autonomous vehicles and contribute to increasing positive social perception and trust in autonomous driving.

Measuring the impact of green packaging on consumer purchase intention: A study on selected convenience goods in Banglades

The fundamental accomplishment of moving towards the green concept is the use of green packaging in a product. With the growing worldwide environmental concerns, green practices like green packaging have become more important for businesses and consumers worldwide. This study was intended to identify the key factors that actually help enhance the buying intention of consumers towards green packaged convenience goods in terms of mini-pack shampoo, chips, and wallet tissue in Bangladesh. Based on previous research and fieldwork, a total of five (5) attributes have been chosen for the study. The survey was conducted using a self-structured questionnaire, with data collected from 150 respondents among the users of green packaging via the convenience sample approach. This study’s reliability, validity, regression, and correlation have been tested with the help of SPSS (version 21). The findings of this study examined that the variables named environment concern, environmental knowledge of green packaging, green trust, and availability have positive impact on consumers’ purchase intention towards green packaged convenience items in terms of mini-pack shampoo, chips and wallet tissue. On the other hand, the variable named price has a negative impact on consumers’ purchase intention towards green packaged convenience goods in the prospects of mini-pack shampoo, chips, and wallet tissue. The results presented have significance for national policymakers, product and package designers in Bangladesh, and marketers therein for creating compelling and successful marketing strategies for eco-friendly packaging that appeals to consumers' subconscious needs.

Factors influencing consumers’ willingness to pay more for green convenience goods in Indonesia

Adopting a green lifestyle by living a healthy life has the consequence of purchasing more expensive green products. This study aimed to explore the factors affecting consumers’ willingness to pay more for green convenience products. This willingness can be influenced by consumers’ attitudes, green lifestyles, and purchase intention. The respondents were 225 individuals who had purchased green products from bulk stores in Bandung and Jakarta. The data were obtained through online surveys, specifically distributing G-form. The majority of respondents are women at 78.7% and 39.1% were aged between 26-35 years. Subsequently, the samples were collected using cluster random sampling, which included selecting groups or areas to be sampled, and the data were processed using SEM-LISREL. The results showed that green lifestyles influenced willingness to pay more for convenience goods, while attitudes were only indirectly influenced. The intention to make a purchase was a significant predictor of how much consumers were willing to pay more. The majority of respondents are willing to pay around 10-25% more for green products. Simultaneously, attitudes and green lifestyles had a significant influence, with purchase intention as a mediator. These results can be used to develop green convenience product marketing strategies at bulk stores in Indonesia by providing confidence in product attributes that encourage consumers to pay a premium price.

Earning Management Analysis: The Role of Firm Size, Leverage, Managerial Ownership and Profitability

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of firm size, leverage, managerial ownership, and profitability on earning management in a convenience goods company, PT. Tiga Pilar Sejahtera Food Tbk, wich is listed on the Indonesian stock exchange under the name AISA. Method: Secondary data are collected through the company’s financial statement from 2006 to 2020. The data were collected from the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) and the Indonesian stock exchange websites. The quantitative approach was used to analyze the data. Then, the data were regressed by Ordinary Least Square estimation using Eview 12 software. Findings: Results revealed that firm size, managerial ownership, and profitability have no significance influence on earning management. However, leverage partially has a negative and significant effect on the earnings management. Meanwhile, firm size, leverage, managerial ownership, and profitability simultaneously influence earnings management of PT. Tiga Pilar Sejahtera Food Tbk significantly from 2006 to 2020 period. Research limitation: This research only uses some of the determinants of earnings management from many other factors that also have a contribution such as institutional ownership, board of commissioners, auditor reputation, etc. In addition, the use of several research objects in the form of companies engaged in the same business sector is also recommended for further research in order to obtain a more comprehensive and representative view. Practical Implication: This research has implications for the company's management considerations in making decisions to carry out earnings management. This form of intervention is ideal as long as it is carried out in accordance with accounting principles. This must be ensured so that the company's economic picture remains visible and risk management can still be carried out.

Ethnocentric Tendency and Religiosity Levels According to Brand Preferences of Consumers

Küreselleşme tüketici pazarlarının birbirine benzer hale gelmesine ve kültürler arası etkileşimin gerçekleşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bununla birlikte tüketici pazarlarını etkileyen ve farklılaştıran kültürel faktörlerin etkisi de gözardı edilmemekte, etnosentrizm ve dindarlık kavramları bireylerin tutumlarını ve tercihlerini etkileyen önemli faktörler olarak literatürde tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı tüketicilerin yerli ve yabancı markalı ürün tercihleri ile etnosentrik eğilimleri ve dindarlık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya çıkarmaktır. Tüketici tercihlerini değerlendirmek için beğenmeli mallardan cep telefonu markaları, kolayda mallardan ise soğuk çay ve çikolata markaları araştırmada ürün grupları olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların etnosentrik eğilimlerinin ve dindarlık düzeylerinin, çay ve çikolata marka tercihlerinde farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Cep telefonu marka tercihinde ise herhangi bir farklılık bulunamamıştır.

Can Voice Reviews Enhance Trust in Voice Shopping? The Effects of Voice Reviews on Trust and Purchase Intention in Voice Shopping

Despite the high expectations of the voice shopping market, the impact of reviews and product types on voice commerce has yet to be explored. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of reviews and product types on users’ trust and purchase intentions in voice shopping. We explore users’ trust for voice shopping, trust in the vendor and purchase intention in three different types of reviews (i.e., no review, review by rating, and review by feature) and product types (i.e., search goods, experience goods, and convenience goods). We found that review conditions had a significant effect on purchase intentions and trust in voice shopping, whereas product types did not. Even within the review conditions, only the review by rating condition showed a significant difference from the no review condition. This study contributes to consumers and marketers by demonstrating the importance of providing rating reviews which requires a low cognitive load in the audio-centric environment.

Roblems of Planning in the Development of Trade in Bashkiria in 1947 to 1953

Introduction. With the monetary reform in December 1947, the rationing system was abolished, and as a result open trade was reinstituted. The changes brought about organizational restructuring of the state and cooperative sectors, and hitherto closed workers’ supply departments. Goods funds grew significantly, the retail network started to expand and specialize. However, the plans for the goods turnover were not fulfilled completely and evenly, which resulted in failure to meet the growing demands of the population of the Republic as well as in a growing amount of excess leftovers in the network. The purpose of the research is to identify the main problems in the planning of trade in Bashkiria after the abolishment of the card system in 1947. Materials and Methods. The article is based on statistical and accounting documents of the Republic’s Ministry of Trade, Bashkir Consumer Union, the Regional Committee of the Party, unpublished before and provided by the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The principles of historicism, historical-comparative and historical-system methods were used in process of research. Results and Discussion. In the course of the study it has been proved that goods turnover plans were fulfilled unevenly by organizations of state and cooperative trade (both by quarters and in terms of the assortment). The deficit for goods coexisted with the growing excess of goods leftovers on all levels of the trading network. At the same time, there were some relapses into distribution system as well as various infringements, which all hampered the uninterrupted trade of foodstuffs and manufactured goods. Conclusion. Infringements and flaws in trade planning, lack of attention to the seasonal character of certain goods, the cultural level and ethnicity in different districts led to increasing shortages in trade not only of scarce goods but also convenience goods, which were in sufficient stock in warehouses. Trading systems could not sell all the goods produced by the state and cooperative industry and meet the people’s demands for necessary goods.

Problems of Staffing Organizations of State and Cooperative Trade in Bashkiria in 1945 to 1953

The article considers staff training in organization of state and cooperative trade in Bashkiria during the post-war economic recovery. Based on documents of the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the article outlines the main trends in human resources policy of the Ministry for Trade and Bashkir Consumer Union in the context of the steady growth of the goods turnover, increasing the assortment, capital construction of new retail organizations. Following the abolishment of rationing, the demands for qualifications of the sales staff grew significantly. Tenders managers, shop directors, merchandisers, accountants and shop assistants had to meet the growing public demands, examine the changes in the structure of demand among people in the city and in the countryside. Their training was provided by cooperative polytechnics, and School for Sales and Cooking. Apart from that, there were training courses and seminars on various aspects of trade. Each trade organization re-certified its accountants and shop assistants. This disclosed considerable faults in the work with personnel. Incompetent people were hired by trade organizations, which led to poor sales of non-scarce goods, shortages in the sales of convenience goods as well as a growth in embezzlement and theft, of which shop assistants were accused regularly. The author comes to a conclusion that it was a lack of attention on the part of the management of the state and cooperative trade to selecting, training and distributing personnel that was one of the causes of failure of the plans for goods turnover.

Kolayda Mallarda Markaların Sürdürülebilirlik Politikalarının Tüketici Tercihleri Üzerindeki Etkisi

Dünya kaynaklarının hızlı bir biçimde yok olma tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya kaldığı günümüzde bireylerin tüketim alışkanlıklarını ve şirketlerin üretim politikalarını yeniden gözden geçirerek yeni yaklaşımlar geliştirmeleri zorunlu bir duruma dönüşmüştür. Günümüzde hiçbir dönemde olmadığı kadar tüketebilme olanağına kavuşan bireylerin ve şirketlerin yarattığı çevresel kirliliğin önüne geçilebilmesi amacıyla öne çıkan sürdürülebilirlik kavramı birçok şirket tarafından da dünya genelinde benimsenmiştir. Çevre politikaları konusunda bilinçlenen ve gelecek kuşaklara yaşanabilir bir dünya bırakmak isteyen tüketicilerin sürdürülebilirlik konusundaki olumlu yaklaşımları da markaların uygulamalarını etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada genel olarak sürdürülebilirlik kavramı ele alınarak bireyler için yaşamsal bir ihtiyaç olan su ve çok sayıda bireyin tüketim alışkanlıkları içinde önemli bir yeri olan kahve/çay markalarının bu konudaki yaklaşımları gerçekleştirilen anket ile ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada kolayda mallar kategorisi içerisinde yer alan su, kahve/çay markalarının uyguladıkları sürdürülebilirlik politikalarının tüketici tercihleriyle olan ilişkisi sürdürülebilirlik sürecinin çevresel, ekonomik ve sosyal boyutları üzerinden yapılan anketle incelenmiştir.

Customers’ Perception of Superstore Retail Organization: A Descriptive Study on Shwapno

Shwapno is the leader retail superstore in Bangladesh. Maximum family members in urban area used department store or supermarket for purchasing groceries commodities. Shwapno is the largest and the best platform to provide farm fresh necessary products and services to their customers. The high and mid class people in city are preferred to buy convenience goods or services from one platform, the retail store of Shwapno provides all items of commodities to their targeted customers. This study is identified the factors influencing to customers perception and their satisfaction by using or getting goods and services from Shwapno retail store. The study has suggested top-level managers and authorities of Shwapno retail organization to consider these factors while retaining existing customers, attracting new and competitor’s customers by offering better services.

Silver Nanoparticles Modulate the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Estrogen-Dependent Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are frequently detected in many convenience goods, such as cosmetics, that are applied directly to the skin. AgNPs accumulated in cells can modulate a wide range of molecular pathways, causing direct changes in cells. The aim of this study is to assess the capability of AgNPs to modulate the metastasis of breast cancer cells through the induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The effect of the AgNPs on MCF-7 cells was investigated via the sulforhodamine B method, the wound healing test, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the standard cytofluorimetric method of measuring the cell cycle, and the expression of EMT marker proteins and the MTA3 protein via Western blot. To fulfill the results, calcium flux and HDAC activity were measured. Additionally, mitochondrial membrane potential was measured to assess the direct impact of AgNPs on mitochondria. The results indicated that the MCF-7 cells are resistant to the cytotoxic effect of AgNPs and have higher mobility than the control cells. Treatment with AgNPs induced a generation of ROS; however, it did not affect the cell cycle but modulated the expression of EMT marker proteins and the MTA3 protein. Mitochondrial membrane potential and calcium flux were not altered; however, the AgNPs did modulate the total HDAC activity. The presented data support our hypothesis that AgNPs modulate the metastasis of MCF-7 cells through the EMT pathway. These results suggest that AgNPs, by inducing reactive oxygen species generation, alter the metabolism of breast cancer cells and trigger several pathways related to metastasis.

Refining Analysis of Convenience Goods Accessibility by Introducing Inclusion Line

本研究は、特定の区域における最寄り品アクセス環境の把握において、特定の距離圏を徒歩圏として想定する従来の手法に不足する視点を考慮することで、より精緻な把握が可能となることを示している。本研究で提案する「包含率線」は、個々人の移動能力を考慮に入れた任意の距離圏とこれに含まれる区域内人口割合の関係を図示したもので、居住者ごとの移動可能距離の差異を考慮に入れた分析が可能となる。区域内の最寄り品アクセス環境は、「包含率線」全体のふるまいで把握できるが、市街化区域・ DID ・立地適正化計画の誘導区域の三区域の差異もそれぞれの「包含率線」を比較により明らかにできる。また、同一地区における高齢者・非高齢者の「包含率線」は一致し、高齢化率の高い地区は偏在する一方で、全体的には高齢・非高齢者は同程度に包含されていた。そして、既存手法の有効性も一定程度確認された。

The Influence of OEM’s Brand Type (NB vs. PB) on the Brand Attitude and Purchase Intention: Product Type as a Moderator

This paper tested the consumer’s attitude and Purchase Intention to two brands and the moderating effect of product type. LG is a token of NB (National Brand) and E-Mart is a stimulus for PB (Private brand). But the company in charge of manufacturing in OEM contract is the same and one. Experimental design is as follows: 2 (OEM’s Brand type: NB vs. PB) x 2 (Product Type: convenience goods vs. shopping goods). 266 responses were reflected. The results of this study are as follows. First, consumer favored more NB than PB. Second, there was moderating effect of product type. In shopping goods, attitude towards NB was better than PB. But there was no difference in convenience goods. Third, the brand attitude according to OEM’s brand type had a positive effect on Purchase Intention. The results of this study suggest a strategic implication for OEM manufacturing. Generally the product quality in NB is perceived better than PB. But there is some difference according to product type. With shopping goods, consumers compare the alternatives and choose the better one, so OEM manufacturer has to choose NB as a strategic alliance partner. Whereas, in convenience goods, consumers nearly don’t feel the quality difference between NB and PB, and would rather favor the cheaper one. So OEM manufacturer had better choose anyone which can take advantage of cost leadership. Especially NB can be more influenced by the country of origin and in specialty goods. So research including COO and specialty goods is needed.

Purchase Intention Towards Japanese Convenience Goods: A Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam

Purchase Intention Towards Japanese Convenience Goods: A Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam

СИСТЕМА ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МЕРЕЖЕВОЇІНТРАЛОГІСТИКИ НА РИНКУ ТОВАРІВ ПЕРШОЇНЕОБХІДНОСТІ

The features of essential goods have been investigated under the view of changes and challenges that have arisen as a result of the spread of the COVID 19 pandemic. The key factors on which the formation of competitive advantages of domestic enterprises in the unstable economic conditions in the fast moving convenience goods (FMCG) market were detected. Since the lockdown of COVID 19, consumers have been heavily stocking up on basic FMCG and home luxury goods in all monitored markets. The FMCG Industry is one of the few industries that has been able to grow during the crisis. Compared to March 2019, interest in these goods increased by 53% in March 2020. It also grew stronger in the countries most affected by the crisis – presumably due to a longer lockdown period. It’s noticeable that retailers with strong digital capabilities are experiencing a growth (having delivery slots booked for months in advance), while the retailers with weaker e-commerce offerings are losing consumer interest. At the same time, it’s important for FMCG brands to hit the right communication tone and not to risk having their campaigns considered inappropriate. Data shows that only brands with purpose-driven advertising and social support seem to be successful. The foundations of the existence of contraversion regarding the interpretation of the concept of network intralogistics in modern challenges have been investigated and it has been established that networked intralogistics is a systemic concept in which many processes and mechanisms interact with each other, and therefore, based on a systematic approach, the technological component of intralogistics must necessarily be balanced, integrated with "intangible", that is, the sphere of relations in which strategic marketing approaches and their integration with other functional areas: logistics and finance are of key importance. Therefore, marketing and logistics support of the market of essential goods should be based on the system of selection of the most relevant for this market tools of network intralogistics and marketing, including: network intralogistics, digital and green technologies, digital marketing, SMM, Customer Relationship Management.

How Does the Mobile Channel Reshape the Sales Distribution in E-Commerce?

This study empirically investigates (1) how the sales distribution in the mobile commerce channel is different from the sales distribution in the traditional PC channel and (2) how mobile commerce channel adoption affects e-market users’ search intensity and their aggregate sales distribution. Our analysis shows that transactions in the mobile channel are more concentrated on “head” products compared with PC channel sales. However, it does not imply that the presence of the mobile channel concentrates the demand on head products in online markets, given that mobile channel users can purchase products in the PC channel as well. On the basis of the subsequent user-level analysis, we reveal that in the case of preference goods such as books, CDs, toys, and fashion items, mobile commerce channel adoption increased e-market users’ search activities and resulted in more “tail” product sales. For quality goods such as PCs, phones, cameras, and digital appliances, however, adoption intensified the search activities but resulted in more head product sales. Finally, for convenience goods such as home supplies and processed foods, adoption discouraged search activities and decreased the choice of tail products.

An Empirical Study of Convenience of Online Services and Purchases

The research provides a substantial reference from a retail point of view, considering the significance of service convenience, and it impact on customer loyalty, loyalty intention and customer’s trust with the services. The research provides a substantial reference from a retail point of view, considering the significance of service promotion, to the impact of service comfort on consumer purchasing behavior. It is a primary data research where data was collected through questionnaire and for analysis purpose AMOS and SPSS softwares have been used. A convenient sampling method was applied to select the convenience goods customers. This was done by randomly selecting respondents. The member’s examples were taken from Aurangabad, Banaras, Aligarh, Delhi and NCR locale. Different tools has been taken in this study. The study found that trust in e-retailing doesn’t affect dependability aim, which is not at all like past investigations. The study conclude that consumer loyalty doesn’t prompt the reliability aim of clients. The current examination has an extraordinary commitment in the arena of the post-buy conduct of the clients in the e-retailing division. The study is useful to e-commerce retailers who provide help in India. It helps to develop the administration and the strategies used to keep customers steady and productive.

Conveniently healthy: The impact of health endorsements on brand trust, brand loyalty and brand equity in Fast Moving Consumer Goods convenience versus shopping goods

Purpose: While millions of dollars is spent yearly on health endorsements, and its associated research, findings in studies where product category wasn’t considered might be inaccurate. Design/methodology/approach: An experimental research design was used to investigate the effect of health endorsements on FMCG brand loyalty, brand trust and brand equity of both convenience and shopping goods for 160 shoppers. Findings/results: The study found that when looking at the impact of health endorsements overall, only brand trust was impacted. However, when distinguishing between product categories, health endorsements did not impact the brand trust, brand equity or brand loyalty of shopping goods, while having a great influence on those of convenience goods. Practical implications: While most health endorsements are for shopping goods, these findings present an opportunity for marketers, to make better use of health endorsements in their packaging design. It presents an opportunity for health endorsers to target an untapped market, and it presents a challenge to producers to design convenience products worthy of health endorsements. Originality/value: Studies considering the return on investment of health endorsements must consider the product category, in order to decrease the likelihood of encountering misleading results as the influence of health endorsements greatly differ between products.

Effects of Country of Origin in Product Categories: A Study Concerning Italy and Great Britain

This study examines country-of-origin in terms of the fit between two countries (Italy and Great Britain) and product categories. A framework is suggested which matches the importance of product category dimensions with the perceived image of the country-of-origin along the same dimensions. Such matches (or mismatches) can influence or not the customers in their decisionmaking process in a different manner concerning the country. Data collected from consumers in Italy and Great Britain demonstrate that strategic implications can increase sales in some category. This study has underlined the presence of an important domestic bias concerning convenience goods category, especially in food purchases. Instead, in specialty goods category, the customer seems to identify and prefer specific countries, and goods are critically evaluated for their origin.

The Effects of Consumption Propensities On Product Preference and Purchase Decision Factors in Health & Beauty Store

This study attempted to analyze the propensities to consume, product preferences and purchase decision factors against those in their 20s, who are the primary customers of beauty & beauty retailers, and figure out the effects of consumption propensities on product preferences and purchase decision factors. The results found the followings: First, in terms of consumption propensities, three different types were derived: Planned purchase, trend seeking, ostentatious spending. In product preferences, makeups, convenience goods and foundations were found. Lastly, purchase decision factors were divided into brand/store-specific factors and product-specific factors. Second, trend-seeking consumption propensity affected makeup preference while planned purchase propensity had an influence on the preference to face and body foundations. Third, those with planned purchase propensity tend to buy products based on product-specific factors while brand/store-specific factors were more critical among those with trend-seeking propensity. Fourth, according to a survey on consumers’ buying patterns at beauty & beauty stores, they usually put on tone makeup. When asked why thy buy cosmetics, ‘easy to buy’ was mostly responded. When asked about the source of their information, ‘friends or acquaintances’ was answered. Fifth, when differences in consumption propensities were analyzed by demographic characteristics, it was a group of those with planned purchase propensity that revealed a statistically significant difference by the degree of makeup application while those with trend-seeking consumption propensity showed a significant difference in fitness management.