Control Tower Research Articles

The effect of linguistic intelligence and memory on air traffic control performance of field aviation polytechnic

Some research has been conducted to understand how general knowledge and short-term memory affect academic achievement. However, research that links these two predictors with air traffic control performance in a laboratory has not been found. Twenty-four ATC cadets participated in this research. This is associative research with multiple correlation analysis that aims to find the correlation between linguistic intelligence and short-term memory toward cadets’ air traffic control performance in Aerodrome Control Tower (TWR) Laboratory. The research instruments used are oral proficiency interview, Intelligence Structure Test (IST), and air traffic control simulation. Data obtained, then, are analyzed by using the product-moment method of correlation. The results show that there is a positive correlation among the three variables with the level of closeness that falls in the high category that can be seen from the correlation coefficient value. In fact, linguistic intelligence and short-term memory both contribute to air traffic control performance during simulations. These findings offer several implications for the training program to promote success in learning air traffic control, especially in the laboratory.

Percieved Utilization of Cloud Computing Towards Acceptance of Employees in Medical Records Department of King Khalid General Hospital in Hafar Al-Batin

The study has been carried out with the objective to explore the provision of occupational safety and health standards in Nepalese legislation in building construction of Gautam Buddha International Airport. For this building such as international terminal building, administrative building, control tower, and fire rescue block were taken for study and analysis. For this population size, sample size of respondent was taken through purposive sampling method. The study found that enforcement status of rules and regulations at construction site was not satisfactory. Most of the workers even didn’t hear about labour act and labour regulation, yet. There was poor implementation of rules & regulations in project site by contractor. Not even a single project was found of having provision of safety officer and no any factory inspector visit to project site till date by which it could easily predict the implementation status of labour act and labour regulation. While a legal framework has been developed, the proper implementation of such legislation is a must to keep up with changing times. The workers must be aware of safety requirement. A saturator action against the issue should be enforced through strong safety committee.

자동차 경성 사기 방지방안에 관한 연구

The main culprit of car hard fraud is using social media to recruit people through a legal method of recruiting part-time jobs and engaging them in crimes. Through this, criminals intentionally cause traffic accidents targeting vehicles that violate the law and acquire insurance and settlement money from the victim driver or insurance company. As a result, the purpose of the study is to present measures to prevent insurance leakage and increase insurance premiums for auto insurance subscribers. The method of research is to identify the status and trend of insurance fraud by the Financial Supervisory Service, identify cases of auto-hard fraud based on Internet and domestic and foreign research data, and identify what measures insurers are taking to prevent damage to insurance fraud. As a result of the study, car-hard fraud is causing an accident by intentionally colliding a vehicle that violates traffic laws. Through this, the high proportion of the victim drivers' negligence and the fact that the perpetrator claims to be a negligence accident are exploited by the insurance company. Insurance companies are responding by establishing a system that can detect habitual criminals, but it is less efficient in crime prediction and detection, and it seems that there is a limit for insurance companies to respond to and detect first-time criminals. Therefore, it was derived that it is possible to prevent insurance fraud only by preparing countermeasures through a more scientific and detailed approach. In conclusion, car-hard fraud are becoming increasingly intelligent, and as a result, it is difficult to arrest criminals, so crimes are on a continuous increase. In order to eradicate such crimes, a control tower should be created under the Financial Supervisory Service to predict and arrest insurance fraud crimes. The first offender of a fraudulent crime using a car has a limit that cannot be arrested. Therefore, a detective system should be established to approach from the recruitment stage through social media, participate in crime execution, secure evidence, and request an investigation to an investigative agency. Car fraud criminals target vehicles that violate traffic laws, so if an accident occurs in violation of traffic laws, the driver is obligated to receive compliance education from the Korea Transportation Safety Authority, and The punishment regulations should be revised so that criminals can be reasonably punished.

Effect of Structural Shape on Seismic Response of Air Traffic Control Tower

Abstract: Air Traffic Control Towers (ATCT) is one of the obligatory infrastructures for the airport to control the takeoff and landing of airplanes. The primary purpose of ATCT is to prevent collisions and shape the flow of air traffic. Due to a lack of adequate information about the seismic analysis, the performance of ATCT is generally considered to be the same as that of normal structures. However, the performance and demands of ATC towers differ significantly from common structures. In the present study, the analysis of ATCT for different structural shapes (viz., Hexagonal, Octagonal, Pentagonal, Square) with a height of 55m has been investigated. The structural performance of these models has been studied by different time history analysis using commercial software ETABs. The results exhibited that the performance of octagonal and hexagonal configurations was effectively better for seismic loads as compared to the pentagonal and square configuration in respect of story displacement, story drifts, story shear, and time periods. The seismic analysis also shows that the octagonal shape attracted larger base shear than pentagonal, hexagonal, and square shaped ATCT. However, due to more lateral resisting capacity, the drifts and displacements are found to be least. Keywords: Air Traffic Control Tower, Structural shape, Structural configurations, Time history Analysis

Control Strategy Development for Optimized Operational Flexibility From Humidified Microgas Turbine: Saturation Tower Performance Assessment

Abstract Waste heat recovery through cycle humidification is considered as an effective tool to increase the operational flexibility of micro gas turbines (mGTs) in cogeneration in a decentralized energy system (DES) context. Indeed, during periods with low heat demand, the excess thermal power can be reintroduced in the cycle under the form of heated water/steam, leading to improved electrical performance. The micro humid air turbine (mHAT) has been proven to be the most effective route for cycle humidification; however, so far, all research efforts focused on optimizing the mHAT performance at nominal electrical load, in the absence of any thermal load. Nevertheless, in a DES context, the thermal and electrical load of the mGT need to be changed depending on the demand, requiring both optimal nominal and part load performances. To address this need, in this paper, we present the first step toward the development of a control strategy for a Turbec T100 mGT-mHAT test rig. First, using experimental data, the global performance, depending on the operating point as well as the humidity level, has been assessed. Second, the performance of the saturation tower, i.e., the degree of saturation (relative humidity) of the working fluid leaving this saturator, is analyzed to assess the optimal water injection system control parameter settings. Results show that optimal mHAT performance can only be obtained when the working fluid leaving the saturation tower is fully saturated, but does not contain a remaining liquid fraction. Under these conditions, a maximal amount of waste heat is transferred from the water to the mGT working fluid in the saturation tower. From these data, some general observations can be made to optimize the performance, being maximizing injection pressure and aiming for a water flow rate of ≈5m3/h. Besides these general recommendations, having a specific control matrix, that allows setting the saturation tower control parameters for any set of operational setpoint and the inlet conditions would lead to optimized performance. Therefore, future work involves the development of a control matrix, using advanced data postprocessing for noise reduction and accuracy improvement, as well as an experimental validation of this methodology on the actual test rig.

Air Traffic Controllers and Executive Brain Function.

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the executive functions of air traffic controllers (ATCs) in relation to demographic and occupational characteristics such as length of service, technical qualifications, and work shifts.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study based on a convenience sample with sequential selection of 52 Brazilian ATCs using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), questionnaire applied to the ATCs, Student's t-test, and one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey multiple comparisons of WCST with functional characteristics.RESULTS: ATCs with 0 to 5 yr of service presented scores significantly above the cohort average in the WCST [0-5 yr: 0.54 ± 0.01 vs. 6-15 yr: 0.31 ± 0.52 vs. 151 yr: -0.02 ± 0.80]. ATCs working a 3-shift pattern presented an efficient performance and fewer perseverative errors in the WCST (3-shift: -0.63 ± 0.38 vs. 4-shift: -0.45 ± 0.43), that did not rise to significance. In a comparison between executive brain functions and technical qualifications, the controllers who worked in the TWR (Aerodrome Control Tower) only, and those who worked in both the TWR and APP (Approach Control Service) showed no differences in the number of completed categories and in perseverative errors.DISCUSSION:The executive brain functioning of the ATCs, such as mental flexibility, strategic planning and inhibitory control, were identified as being above average when compared to the general population. While alterations in work shifts appear to have a negative (but nonsignificant) impact, newer ATCs showed stronger scores than more experienced ATCs on the WCST. Successful performance as an ATC has complex foundations, such as understanding the context of air navigation and having strong executive function capabilities.de Freitas AM, Portuguez MW, Russomano, T, da Costa JC. Air traffic controllers and executive brain function. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(5):426-432.

기초자치단체의 직업재활정책과 전달체계에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to present the direction of the vocational rehabilitation policy and the improvement plan of the vocational rehabilitation delivery system of local governments. To this end, the regional vocational rehabilitation policy and delivery system of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany and the vocational rehabilitation policy and delivery system of local governments in Korea were reviewed. This study thus conducted a focus group interview with 11 vocational rehabilitation experts working in local A.
 As a result of the study, vocational rehabilitation in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany focused on pursuing welfare through work, customized services considering the individual characteristics of people with disabilities, establishing an integrated service of welfare and labor, and securing accessibility and vocational rehabilitation services with rehabilitation professionals. On the other hand, the vocational rehabilitation policy in Area A did not reflect the characteristics of people with disabilities and regions, and the service system was divided, resulting in insufficient performance. In addition, it was analyzed that it is urgent to improve of disability awareness in the community and establish a control tower for vocational rehabilitation policies. It was suggested to establish an initial service provision function and an intervention role system for vocational rehabilitation services, design a customized conditional welfare system considering regional characteristics and the types of disabilities, revitalize the Welfare Committee for the Disabled, and reflect policy agendas.

The use of supply chain control tower in pharmaceutical industry to create a competitive advantage

PurposeSupply chain control tower (SCCT) has emerged as a new tool for SC management. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of SCCT on the competitive advantage of the Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing (JPM) Organizations.Design/methodology/approachTo actualize this study, the data are collected from 132 managers working at JPM Organizations by questionnaire. After confirming the normality, validity and reliability of the tool, descriptive analysis carried out, and the correlation between variables checked. Finally, the impact tested by multiple regressions.FindingsThe results show that the JPM organizations implement both SCCT elements and competitive advantage dimensions. Results show that there is a strong correlation among SCCT elements, among competitive advantage dimensions and between SCCT and competitive advantage. Finally, results indicate that SCCT has a significant positive effect on the total competitive advantage. SCCT affects quality, cost, reliability and responsiveness respectively; however, it does not have a significant effect on innovation.Research limitations/implicationsThe current study conducted on JPM Organizations. Therefore, to check results generalizability, it is recommended to conduct such research on other industries and countries.Practical implicationsManagers should apply SCCT, because it provides real-time information, which is visible to all partners. Therefore, SCCT has to be included within organizations’ vision, mission, strategies and implemented in daily practices.Social implicationsSCCT helps to improve quality and reduce cost, which enhances the quality of life and society welfare.Originality/valueThis study may be considered as one of the few studies that tackle the issue of SCCT in pharmaceutical industry.

Violations of civil use of drones in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries and their penalties: مخالفات الاستخدام المدني للطائرة بدون طيار في دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي وعقوباتها

A drone is a small flying machine that it could fly in the air at law altitude with small engines and remotely could be piloted. It doesn’t need to inform the control towers or a helipads. Actually It began with military experiments and later on has been used by civilians, recreational and commercial means, and even a criminal tool. Laws has been set out to prevent it, and then gradually regulated its various uses for it. Its use has spread throughout the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, and that made an urgent need to study the old aviation laws and regulations that did not mention the drone. The modern Gulf laws and regulations stipulated the criminalization of drone uses, and punishments for violators has been set.. The policy of these countries in criminalization and punishment has been varied Penalties (, financial fines and some administrative penalties) were imposed on them. The research methods: We followed the comparative analytical descriptive method aiming to identify the violations and the penalties of procession and use of the drone in civilian areas.

Analysis of the influence of natural and climatic conditions in the Arctic and the Far North on the stability of air traffic

The analysis of the influence of natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic and Far North on the stability of air connection is investigated in this article. The provision of year-round mainline, interregional and regional air transportation is associated with the complexity of controlling the flight path of aircraft in extreme Arctic conditions. For the Arctic zone, the possibility of using a constellation of low-orbit satellite communication systems is being considered for transmitting data on the position of an aircraft to a control tower located on the ground. In this case, data transmission is possible both using GSM communication through ground stations, and using inter-satellite communication lines.

Data Ecology and Accurate Portrait: Optimization of Credit Risk System for SMEs in Supply Chain Finance Based on Big Data Technology

Big data technology can collect data, store it, mine it, and create an accurate portrait. It can assist financial institutions in resolving information asymmetry between banks and enterprises, as well as lowering the likelihood of default of small and medium-sized financing enterprises (SMEs). The credit risk system for SMEs in supply chain finance can realize “visualization” management of credit risk with the help of open public data in government affairs, collaborative development of various technologies, and the establishment of an ecological platform with transparent and accurate data portraits. The platform with accurate risk warning capability can reduce the risk monitoring cost and improve the risk management efficiency of financial institutions. The core enterprises are more willing to grant credit to SMEs through the big data technology supervision platform, which significantly improves the financing efficiency of SMEs. Moreover, a better financing credit circumstance also could improve transaction efficiency of enterprises and deeply connect the business relationship between enterprises. The main conclusion of this research: big data technology has a significant impact on supply chain in the digital economy era. Firstly, big data technology can identify credit risks accurately, which narrows the "information gap" between financial institutions and supply chain financing enterprises, and lower the likelihood of credit default. Secondly, financial institutions can allocate funds accurately based on the “visualization” information provided by the big data platform, and strengthen supervision of the use of funds. Lastly, the supply chain finance credit risk supervision system based on big data technology promotes the deep integration of big data and real economy. Therefore, in order to ensure the sustainable development of supply chain finance and financing risk management, it is necessary to create a digital ecosystem of supply chain finance with supply chain finance control tower as its core, as well as a supply chain finance credit risk control system based on big data in the context of the continuous development of big data technology.

Operational planning in service control towers – heuristics and case study

We study performance improvement in multi-echelon, closed loop spare part supply chains using operational interventions based on real-time status information. Our objective is to minimize the total cost relevant costs, consisting of intervention costs and the backorder costs. In this paper, we focus on proactive interventions, aiming to avoid stockouts. We assume that all reactive interventions are fixed. Proactive interventions that we study include lateral transshipments, emergency shipments, stock reservations, expediting part repairs, and early new buys of parts. These interventions are invoked by using alert generation, when the supply chain status deviates from the plan. We propose heuristic rules to generate alerts. We also develop heuristic rules for the choice of operational interventions. We model and test our heuristics in a simulation test bed, based on data of a global IT company by using the case data in Germany. Numerical experiments reveal the following key insights: (i) downstream interventions – proactive lateral and emergency shipments – have most impact in reducing costs, (ii) communicating losses in the supply chain (no returns, failed repairs) for early new buys has positive impact on fill rates at negligible costs, and (iii) expedite repair and stock reservations using the proposed rules is not profitable.

Dissecting the Roles of Innate Cells in the Skin and Intractable Skin Diseases.

The skin is not merely a physical barrier but also an active immunological interface, exposed to various external stimuli including microbes. Over the recent years, our laboratory has defined hair follicles as control towers that regulates immune cells residing in the skin. Hair follicles produce chemokines and cytokines that are crucial for the localization and tissue-residency of immune cells including the Langerhans cells, resident memory T cells, and innate lymphoid cells. We also discovered that disruption of the ADAM17-EGF receptor axis and ADAM10-Notch signaling axis leads to dysbiosis on the skin surface and in the hair follicles, respectively. The former leads to microbiome predominance of Staphylococcus aureus and results in atopic skin inflammation, whereas the latter leads to Corynebacterium species predominance that trigger irreversible hair follicle destruction. These findings highlight the distinct mechanisms that regulate the microbiome in different compartments of the skin. In this talk, I will focus on the deeper layers of the skin-the hypodermis (a.k.a subcutaneous tissue), a common site for cellulitis, which we found to be enriched with macrophages. We enabled layer-specific depletion of macrophages, which had prominent effects on the organization of the extracellular matrix, counterintuitively rendering mice highly protected against S. aureus-mediated cellulitis. I will also introduce our ongoing efforts to understand the histology and pathophysiology of Degos disease, an extremely rare and highly fatal disease of unknown etiology.

Assessment of Radioactivity in Borehole Waters of the North Riviera Sodeci Catchment Field in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

The radioactive isotopes of the decay series of uranium-238 (238U), thorium-232 (232Th) and potassium-40 (40K) occur naturally in varying amounts in groundwater. They are the subject of many measures, mainly because of the risk they represent from a public health point of view. The purpose of this study is to measure the radioisotope content of borehole waters from the north riviera (NR) catchment field of the Ivorian drinking water distribution company (SODECI). These measurements will make it possible to assess the absolute levels of radioisotopes in the water from SODECI’s boreholes used directly for drinking or swimming, and possibly the associated risk from a public health point of view. To achieve this, a sampling campaign from the seven functional boreholes and the control or treatment tower took place in July 2018 at the NR well field. The analysis of radionuclides by gamma spectrometry was carried out in the laboratory of the Radiation Protection Institute (RPI) of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC). The naturally occurring radionuclides identified during the borehole water samples analysis are 238U, 232Th, and 40K. The results reveal that the specific activities of uranium vary from 0.45 ± 0.18 Bq/L to 0.55 ± 0.17 Bq/L with an average of 0.49 ± 0.15 Bq/L. Those of thorium vary from 0.66 ± 0.14 Bq/L to 0.78 ± 0.18 Bq/L with an average of 0.72 ± 0.16 Bq/L and potassium of 4.14 ± 0.53 Bq/L at 5.87 ± 0.60 Bq/L with an average of 5.32 ± 0.58 Bq/L.

Urbanistička analiza mogućnosti izgradnje objekata posebne namene - studija slučaja objekta kontrole letenja na aerodromu "Nikola Tesla" u Beogradu

The practice of implementing urban plans for the construction area of the City of Belgrade has shown that in some cases they do not contain enough elements to implement directly. This is especially true for special purpose sites and facilities, whose design and construction require the pre-definition of more detailed conditions and rules of landscaping and construction. In order to address such issues, the authors explore the practice of developing urban analyses in the case of the air traffic control facility at Belgrade's Nikola Tesla Airport. The paper presents the starting points for developing an urban analysis and excerpts from relevant planning documents, while analyzing the existing condition of the site. The basic results of the analysis show the available capabilities and capacity of the site. In particular, the paper analyzes how well the criteria for building a flight control tower, as a tall object and future location benchmark, were fulfilled. The findings underscore the importance of urban analysis as an instrument for implementing planning solutions for special purpose facilities, which by their nature are unique and of the utmost national importance. The authors also look at urban analysis as a scientific method, while laying out basic guidelines and emphasizing the need for further research.

A Grounded Theory on School Nursing Experiences With Major Pandemic Diseases.

This study was conducted to develop a substantive theory on school nurses’ experiences responding to infectious diseases by applying the grounded theory method to explore their experiences and derive related concepts. Study participants were 20 school nurses with experiences coping with infectious diseases while working in schools. The research question of this study was “What kind of experience did the school nurses have in response to infectious diseases?” The analysis included open, axis, and selective coding. We derived 164 concepts, 45 subcategories, and 17 categories. Further, paradigm, situation, and school infectious disease response control tower models were derived. The results of this study can serve as bottom-up policy data to understand the current situation surrounding school infectious disease management through the experiences of school nurses.

Ability requirements for Remote Tower Control – first insights

This study examines the impact of providing Air Traffic Control at a smaller aerodrome in a Remote TWR on ATCO's ability requirement profiles and on their training. 6 Air Traffic Controllers (60% of the licensed controllers) from DFS RTC Centre in Leipzig operating Saarbruecken airport TWR operations remotely since December 2018 were interviewed and took part in an ability requirements analysis based on the Fleishman Job Analysis Survey. The paper includes an outline of DFS's ATC operations, the results of the interviews and a first comparison of the ability requirements for air traffic controllers in the traditional vs. remote Tower set up. The results suggest that RTC does not, apart from obvious changes in sensory abilities due to the lack of direct view on the manouevring area and airspace, impose significant changes on the mental and social abilities required to successfully provide ATC.

Future Healthcare and Future Hospitals: The Control Tower of Communities

Future Healthcare and Future Hospitals: The Control Tower of Communities

Implementation of an intelligent supply chain control tower: a socio-technical systems case study

Despite the proliferation of Industry 4.0 technologies, there is little guidance concerning how companies can integrate them in their supply chains. This study examines the implementation of a supply chain (SC) control tower (SCCT) by a large manufacturing company aiming to create an intelligent supply chain. This study applies Socio-Technical systems (STS) theory using the technology typology (long-linked, mediating, intensive) in the context of industry 4.0. The company followed a three-phase implementation plan (I: Initiation, II: Live, III: Continuous improvement) to transit from outsourcing supply chain control to developing the SCCT control structure and then creating intelligent SC assets and capabilities. The study shows that the SCCT needs to integrate all three technology types to reflect the intelligent supply chain. Further, it shows that the interactions of technologies with the SCCT team, internal and external supply chain stakeholders are critical in managing the development, implementation, and growth of intelligent supply chains. It identifies transition barriers including system misalignment, poor socio-technical integration, and an invert of trust between internal and external supply chain stakeholders. The intelligent supply chain emerges as a result of managing socio-technical interactions systematically.

Chemically strengthened glass for architectural applications

Chemically strengthened glass is commonly used for applications that require high strength, such as boat and train windshields, control towers and the like. The strengthening process provides the glass with a surface residual stress that outperforms other strengthened glass types, such as thermally toughened glass. However, its use has been limited, probably for two main reasons: its high cost compared to other strengthening method and the perceived loss of the strengthening if glass surface is damaged. With the recent developments in the field of thin glass, where chemical strengthening is the only possible pre‐stressing method, there is the opportunity to better understand the process and the procedure to make it a safe material for architectural applications. In this paper, an extensive investigation on chemically strengthened glass is presented. Different parameters are considered, such as different thicknesses and chemical strengthening process conditions. The work consists of photoelastic measurement and destructive test. The data arising from the tests are elaborated with the purpose of suggesting a method to calculate the design strength of chemically strengthened glass according to the existing design standards. It is highlighted the importance to qualify chemically strengthened glass in terms of its residual stress profile.