Control System Technology Research Articles

Materials selection for hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack thermal management: A review

This paper reviews materials for hybrid and electric vehicles battery pack thermal management required for efficient working of batteries in any climate conditions. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cells are being used for electric or hybrid vehicles because they having high density of energy and long life cycle. Battery lifetime and performance of Li-ion batteries depends on operating temperature. The higher operating temperature increases capacity and decreases life of Battery. Thermal management strategies which are based on air, water, phase change material (PCM) and heat pipe are discussed and compared. After comparison, an efficient system of temperature management for battery pack is discussed. Phenomena of creating heat and temperature issues of Li-ion batteries are discussed in this paper. Then different strategies are reviewed and classified based on thermal cycle options. Improving the existing temperature control system and testing new technologies to reduce thermal issues is necessary, and efforts should be made to prioritize the thermal management system to improve temperature uniformity throughout battery pack, life of battery, and increase protection to battery packs.

Electrical Detection and Control System Based on Artificial Intelligence

With the rapid development of society, many industries have integrated intelligent advanced technology, and electrical automation control is one of them. Electrical automation control system is a control system for the efficiency, status, quality and other aspects of electrical operation. Through the system, electrical operation can be well controlled. After the use of intelligence, the system has the ability of sub identification and decision-making. This paper first briefly analyzes the application theory of artificial intelligence, and then expounds the advantages of artificial intelligence controller. This paper studies the application of artificial intelligence technology in electrical automation control system from two aspects of the application of artificial intelligence in DC drive and AC drive, and analyzes the advantages of artificial intelligence control. Taking the application of AI Artificial Intelligence regulator in the control of an electrical appliance as an example, this paper expounds the circuit principle, implementation scheme and application effect of the system.

Current Technology of Stage Equipment and Stage Control System

Current Technology of Stage Equipment and Stage Control System

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Industrial Automation Control System

Automatic control system is an important part of industrial production and manufacturing. With the rapid development of computer technology, a new generation of intelligent technology represented by artificial intelligence has been applied to industrial automation system. This paper introduces the development of the current industrial automation control system in detail, and then describes the relevant theory of artificial intelligence technology. Finally, it describes the application of artificial intelligence technology in industrial automatic control system and its future development trend. This paper aims to provide a reference for the research of industrial automation control system.

Design and implementation of EtherCAT Master based on Loongson

Abstract With the gradual development and competition among enterprises, the products of motion control system are diversified and the performance difference is bigger. The technology of motion control system is monopolized by a few foreign professional manufacturers. The development of motion controller in China is relatively late, and the number with independent research and development ability is still in the minority. Compared with foreign countries, some developed countries still restrict the export of high-end products to China. This paper will use Loongson 3A3000 processor to realize open motion controller. Loongson series processor is a general domestic processor developed by Institute of computing technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It uses MIPS instruction system. At present, Loongson is gradually catching up with and surpassing the world advanced level. The communication module of motion controller uses EtherCAT real-time Ethernet, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, flexible topology and short refresh cycle. At present, there are few cases of open motion controller based on domestic CPU Loongson, which provides a typical case for independent innovation in China.

Conceptualizing Smart Sustainable Cities: Crossing Visions and Utilizing Resources in Africa

Recent advancements in technologies enabled the development of smart cities to be more effective and possible. Smart cities depend on intelligent systems, artificial intelligence, the internet of things, control system, and many more advanced technologies. Sustainability challenges and problems worldwide, with smart and sustainability concepts, reflect almost mutual goals. It includes improving and providing the essential life services for all people efficiently while depending on sustainable, clean, and renewable energy with considerations of different economic, educational, health, social and environmental aspects in the city. In this research, a cost analysis process has been implemented to ease the implementation and resource utilization of smart and sustainable cities in Africa. The challenges and difficulties of those implementations are summarized.

The Development of Android-based Control System for Reinforcing the Electronic Control Subject

The advancement of technology has brought the control system technology recently to be more precise, stable, and reliable. It is also possible to utilize the sophisticated hardware embedded in the smartphone for controlling or monitoring system through the external modules. This study aimed to develop an Android-based control system that can be used to reinforce the students’ competence, particularly in the Electronic Control subject. The method used in this study was a linear sequential model that comprises analysis, design, coding, and testing. A total number of nine items of functional testing has been conducted, and the results revealed that the prototype control system could successfully react as designed. Nevertheless, the one that should be considered in the future study is the compatibility issue between the external controlled hardware and the smartphone.

Environment for Education on Industry 4.0

A new industrial production model based on digitalization, system interconnection, virtualization and data exploitation, has emerged. Upgrade of production processes towards this Industry 4.0 model is one of the critical challenges for the industrial sector and, consequently, the training of students and professionals has to address these new demands. To carry out this task, it is essential to develop educational tools that allow students to interact with real equipment that implements, in an integrated way, new enabling technologies, such as connectivity with standard protocols, storage and data processing in the cloud, machine learning, digital twins and industrial cybersecurity measures. For that reason, in this work, we present an educational environment on Industry 4.0 that incorporates these technologies reproducing realistic industrial conditions. This environment includes cutting-edge industrial control system technologies, such as an industrial firewall and a virtual private network (VPN) to strengthen cybersecurity, an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) gateway to transfer process information to the cloud, where it can be stored and analyzed, and a digital twin that virtually reproduces the system. A set of hands-on tasks for an introductory automation course have been proposed, so that students acquire a practical understanding of the enabling technologies of Industry 4.0 and of its function in a real automation. This course has been taught in a master’s degree and students have assessed its usefulness by means of an anonymous survey. The results of the educational experience have been useful both from the students’ and faculty’s viewpoint.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DEPENDENCE OF DATA TRANMISSION SPEED ON THE LENGTH OF THE SPECSALIZED COMPUTER NETWORK SS-LINK SEGMENT

Currently, between producers in various fields is constantly fighting for markets. The main factors that allow us to win this fight are to ensure the production of quality products at a lower cost than the competitor. The tool that will achieve the above advantages is the introduction of modern technologies in process control systems. One of the current and promising areas of modernization and creation of new automation systems by technological processes is the construction of such systems on the basis of specialized computer networks. CC-Link, a specialized computer network, was developed by Mitsubishi Electric Corporation in 1996. And since then it is constantly improving and evolving. CC-Link network has been certified in accordance with international standards IEC61158 / IEC61784, ISO15745-5, SEMI E54.12, state standards of China and South Korea. The CC-Link partner association includes 3,793 companies worldwide, and the board of directors of this association includes the world-famous companies Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Cisco Systems Inc, 3M Company, NEC Corporation, Schneider Electric Japan Holdings Ltd. The technical advantages in favor of the use of a specialized computer network CC-LINK in process control automation systems include the fact that it is a high-speed (up to 10 Mbps at a distance of up to 100 m), open and deterministic industrial network, which has the means to increase network reliability. As a result of the conducted researches the mathematical model of change of speed of data transfer from length of a segment of the specialized computer network CC-Link is developed. The error in calculating the value of the data rate in the CC-Link network using the developed model does not exceed 0.04%. The developed mathematical model can be further used in the design of new systems based on the CC-Link network.

Traffic Control System Technologies for Road Vehicles: A Patent Analysis

Traffic control systems (TCSs) are an emerging focus area among transportation technologies. More than 55,435 TCS technologies were patented during the last decade, and researchers, policy makers, and decision makers are increasingly interested in turning TCSs into safe and environmentally friendly transportation realities. This article analyzes all TCS-related patents issued during the period of 2009?2018 to provide an overview of TCS technological developments during this period. To this end, we analyzed all TCS patents filed under the G08G1 International Patent Classification (IPC) code and identified trends and growth in national distribution, subfields, and applicants. We also reported on various countries? areas of TCS technology specialization.

MANAGEMENT CONTROL AND MODERN DECENTRALIZED TECHNOLOGIES

Modern decentralized technologies, such as distributed registries, blockchain, smart contracts and decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO), are becoming more popular every year. Therefore, the subject of our research, the results of which are presented in this article, is the processes of digitalization in the field of management control and key technologies that allow to organize an effective system of management control in a decentralized organization. The success of management control is determined not only by its ability to identify and correct undesirable deviations in a timely manner, but also by the presence of a special corporate culture based on trust and fairness. Moreover, a positive corporate culture reduces the need for a number of control procedures designed to compensate for the lack of trust within the company. This effect can also be seriously enhanced by modern digitalization technologies. The research methodology included a broad review of literature sources and a comparative analysis of modern concepts of decentralized management, as well as drawing conclusions about promising ways to evolve management control systems. The aim of the study is to identify the impact on management control systems of modern technologies such as blockchain, smart contracts and decentralized autonomous organizations. The authors summarized the experience of applying these technologies in management control systems, which are designed to ensure high individual and team performance to achieve the strategic goals of the company. The conclusion is that the blockchain-based decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) is changing the forms and methods of management control, increasing the role of collective decisions and opening the way for employee initiative. DAO can significantly reduce internal and external transaction costs, including costs associated with the management and operation of management control systems. Different procedures for approval, confirmation and verification, as well as the adoption of standard management decisions are unified and automated. Accordingly, the time and the total amount of effort spent by managers to perform routine actions related to monitoring and control of employees' actions is reduced. Decentralization of control also reduces the impact of administrative procedures and ensures a higher level of trust within the organization. The decentralized model of management control is relevant for various areas of business and management, but special prospects can be seen in the field of decentralized finance (DeFi), where a wide range of professional controllers and users can be involved in auditing smart contracts and identifying shortcomings in financial services.

Application of Intelligent Technology in Cold Storage Control System

With the development of my country’s economy, the application of intelligent technology of cold storage control system is more and more popular. The application of intelligent technology in the cold storage control system is conducive to the optimized operation of the cold storage. Not only can it reduce energy consumption, energy saving and environmental protection, but also has networked and humanized management in control management. Therefore, the cold storage control technology has developed rapidly. This paper analyzes the application of the current cold storage control system, and focuses on the application and development of the main intelligent technologies in the cold storage control system.

Control system report finds poor security

KPMG and the Control System Cyber Security Association International – aka (CS)2AI – have released the first of what will become an annual series of reports looking at control system (CS) and operational technology (OT) security.

Nonlinear model reduction for wave energy systems: a moment-matching-based approach

Wave energy converters (WECs) inherently require appropriate control system technology to ensure maximum energy absorption from ocean waves, consequently reducing the associated levelised cost of energy and facilitating their successful commercialisation. Regardless of the control strategy, the definition of the control problem itself depends upon the specification of a suitable WEC model. Not only is the structure of the model relevant for the definition of the control problem, but also its associated complexity: given that the control law must be computed in real-time, there is a limit to the computational complexity of the WEC model employed in the control design procedure, while there is also a limit to the (analytical) complexity of mathematical models for which a control solution can be efficiently found. This paper presents a systematic nonlinear model reduction by moment-matching framework for WEC systems, capable of providing control-oriented WEC models tailored for the control application, which inherently preserves steady-state response characteristics. Existence and uniqueness of the associated nonlinear moment for WECs are proved in this paper, for a general class of systems. Given that the definition of nonlinear moments depends upon the solution of a nonlinear partial differential equation, an approximation framework for the computation of the nonlinear moment is proposed, tailored for the WEC application. Finally, the use and capabilities of the framework are illustrated by means of case studies, using different WEC systems, under a variety of wave conditions.

A Study on Modular Smart Plant Factory Using Morphological Image Processing

This paper is a study on a modular smart plant factory integrating intelligent solar module, LED module with high efficiency for plant growth, IoT module control system and image processing technology. The intelligent sun and modules have a corrugated structure, and the angle of the module can be adjusted to obtain a large amount of power generation. It is fully foldable for wider angles during the day and module protection at night. The LED module is designed and manufactured to distribute energy evenly over the entire wavelength range so that high efficiency can be obtained. The control system with IoT convergence technology enables control of all parts related to plant growth such as angle control of solar modules, LED lighting control, temperature/humidity control, and fan control. In particular, the control method is programmed to be controlled by a computer monitoring system and a smartphone app, so there are few places. In addition, this paper developed an image processing algorithm to extract the growth information of lettuce grown in the plant factory. The acquired images were separated into R, G, and B images using Matlab software. The applied algorithms are k-mean and improved morphological image processing. By applying this method, we can determine the area calculation and shipping of lettuce seedlings. As a result of the fusion and application of solar modules, LED modules, and IoT modules, information on plant growth and status was confirmed.

Opportunities and challenges in the development of advanced materials for emission control catalysts.

Advances in engine technologies are placing additional demands on emission control catalysts, which must now perform at lower temperatures, but at the same time be robust enough to survive harsh conditions encountered in engine exhaust. In this Review, we explore some of the materials concepts that could revolutionize the technology of emission control systems. These include single-atom catalysts, two-dimensional materials, three-dimensional architectures, core@shell nanoparticles derived via atomic layer deposition and via colloidal synthesis methods, and microporous oxides. While these materials provide enhanced performance, they will need to overcome many challenges before they can be deployed for treating exhaust from cars and trucks. We assess the state of the art for catalysing reactions related to emission control and also consider radical breakthroughs that could potentially completely transform this field.

Modelling of a Three-Body Hinge-Barge Wave Energy Device Using System Identification Techniques

In order to increase the prevalence of wave energy converters (WECs), they must provide energy at competitive prices, especially when compared with other renewable energy sources. Thus, it is imperative to develop control system technologies that are able to maximize energy extraction from waves, such that the delivered energy cost is reduced. An important part of a model-based controller is the model that it uses. System identification techniques (SITs) provide methodologies to get accurate dynamic models from input-output data. However, even though these techniques are well developed in other application areas, they are seldom used in the context of WECs. This paper proposes several strategies based on SIT to get a linear time-invariant model for a three-body hinge-barge wave energy device using experimental data. The main advantage of the model obtained with this methodology, against other methods such as linear potential theory, is that this model remains valid even for relatively large waves and WEC displacements. Other advantages of this model are its simplicity and the low computational resources that it needs. Numerical simulations are carried out to show the validation of the obtained model against recorded experimental data.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KETERLAMBATAN LAPORAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN TERHADAP KUALITAS LKPD

Systems, Information Technology, and Government Accounting Standards. The study used is qualitative and quantitative data. The research used quantitative data analysis: instruments test classical assumption test, and multiple regression analysis. The results show that Human Resources competency and the application of Government Accounting Standards have a significant effect on the quality of local government reports. In contrast, Internal Control System and Information Technology do not have a considerable impact. Together all factors have a significant effect on the quality of LKPDLocal Government Reports.

Diagnostic of electromechanical system by fault-tolerant-control using piezoelectric sensors

Automated systems are fault-prone. The fault diagnosis via sensor and actuator piezoelectric is very important for the stability of the vibration control system and fault-tolerant control technology. Faults in process automation frequently lead to unexpected reactivity and the closure of a controlled plant, and the effects could be damage to technical parts of the plant, employees or the ecosystem. Fault-tolerant control is the combination between diagnostics and control techniques to cleverly handle faults. It provides improved availability and minimized safety risk. This article provides an overview of recent approaches to study and analyze the structure and other fundamental characteristics of an automated system. Thus, the starting point of this study was to investigate the Fault Tolerant Control strategy of an asynchronous machine. Ultimately, the aim is to achieve a disturbance- and/or fault-tolerant control, improving the functional reliability of this system. A decision-making device based on a piezoelectric (PZT) sensor and actuator has been developed to produce an opposite displacement to the vibratory displacement. It ensures the various reconfigurations of the control, adapted to the vibration disturbance acting on the system and modifying its characteristics. This will result in vibration attenuation. Finally, the advantages of this method are analyzed, and the fault diagnosis results with the best identification effect are determined.

Application Analysis of PLC Technology in Automatic Control of Ship Auxiliary Machinery

Gao, M., 2020. Application analysis of plc technology in automatic control of ship auxiliary machinery. In: Bai, X. and Zhou, H. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 115, pp. 130-132. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.In the process of ships sailing on the sea, auxiliary machinery and equipment play an indispensable role, which not only can provide necessary services for ships, but also can ensure the normal navigation of ships. As an advanced technology, PLC technology of mechanical automation control has obvious characteristics, flexible and convenient operation and wide functions. The application of PLC technology in the automatic control system of ship auxiliary machinery is studied and analyzed to provide more favorable support for stable navigation of ships. In the application process of PLC ship auxiliary machinery control system, incomplete information, insufficient data and other uncertain factors will also have a great impact on the system, which will threaten the reliability of the system. Therefore, it is of great significance and far-reaching influence to strengthen the application of PLC technology in automatic control devices of ship auxiliary machinery.