Materials selection for hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack thermal management: A review

Abstract

This paper reviews materials for hybrid and electric vehicles battery pack thermal management required for efficient working of batteries in any climate conditions. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cells are being used for electric or hybrid vehicles because they having high density of energy and long life cycle. Battery lifetime and performance of Li-ion batteries depends on operating temperature. The higher operating temperature increases capacity and decreases life of Battery. Thermal management strategies which are based on air, water, phase change material (PCM) and heat pipe are discussed and compared. After comparison, an efficient system of temperature management for battery pack is discussed. Phenomena of creating heat and temperature issues of Li-ion batteries are discussed in this paper. Then different strategies are reviewed and classified based on thermal cycle options. Improving the existing temperature control system and testing new technologies to reduce thermal issues is necessary, and efforts should be made to prioritize the thermal management system to improve temperature uniformity throughout battery pack, life of battery, and increase protection to battery packs.