Mean Value Of Control Group Research Articles

Efficiency of topical phenytoin in diabetic foot ulcer care: A randomized control trial

Aim: To study the efficiency of topical phenytoin on healing in diabetic foot ulcer grades 1 and 2. Methods: Totally, 60 patients in each group with diabetic foot ulcers of more than 4 weeks duration without any co-morbid conditions and ulcers belonging to Grade 1 and 2 as per Meggitt – Wagner’s diabetic foot ulcers were inducted into the study. The whole sample population was divided into two equal and comparable groups based on willingness for undergoing topical phenytoin therapy for the wound. Those who were not willing were subjected to conventional wound care, forming the control group. Antibiotics are given to both groups as per culture reports. Results: In the study group, 13 patients had granulation tissue at 14 days of less than 75%, and 17 patients had granulation tissue at 14 days of greater than 75%. In the control group mean value of the size of the ulcer initially is 8.76cm and in 7 days is 7.12 cm and in 14 days is 5.86 cm. In the study group mean value of the size of the ulcer initially is 9.03 cm and in 7 days is 5.63 cm and in 14days is 3.3 cm. Conclusion: Phenytoin enhances wound healing via the following mechanisms: stimulation of fibroblast proliferation, enhancement of granulation tissue development, and inhibition of collagenase activity.

Effectiveness of Intradialytic Stretching Exercises on Muscle Cramps among Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis in a Selected Tertiary Care Hospital Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India

Background: Chronic kidney disease is the vital and non-communicable disease epidemic that affects the world population including India. Muscle cramps are a common complication of haemodialysis treatments and they often result in the early termination of the session, it is an important priority to provide timely intervention to improve their muscle cramps of haemodialysis patients.
 Materials and Methods: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of intradialytic stretching exercises on muscle cramps among patients on haemodialysis. Time series quasi experimental design was conducted in dialysis unit of Chettinad Super Specialty Hospital, Kelambakkam at Chengalpet District, Tamil Nadu, India.Total sample of 138 belong to 30 to 60 years were selected with the use of purposive sampling technique as per the statistical calculation and equally allocated to control 69 samples and to Study group 69. The structured questionnaire are demographic, Clinical variables & Modified cramps questionnaire chart was used to assess the effectiveness of intradialytic stretching exercises on level of muscle cramps.
 Results: The study findings concluded that in pre test 41(59.4 %) of the patients in study group and 38(55.1 %) of the patients in control group had mild muscle cramps whereas in post test 4(5.8 %) of the patients in study group had severe muscle cramps and 16 (23.2 %) of the patients in control group had severe muscle cramps. While comparing the post test mean value of control group 2.652±0.854 the study group mean value was 2.101±0.769 was significantly reduced with‘t’ value of 10.185 at p ≤ 0.000. Therefore the Research hypothesis H1 was retained. Hence there was no significant association between the test scores on intensity of muscle cramps among patients undergoing haemodialysis with selected demographic and clinical variables of group 2 (study) at P ≤ 0.000 level. Therefore the Research hypothesis H2 was rejected.The majority finding of the study results that in pre test 32 (46.4 %) of the patients were in mild muscle cramps in post test 1.More than half of the patients 30 (43.5 %) of moderate muscle cramps in post test 2. And majority 40 (58 %) of the patients in moderate muscle cramps in post test 3.The effect of intradialytic stretching exercises in reducing the level of muscle cramps during haemodialysis.
 Conclusion: Intradialytic stretching exercises is an effective method which can be used as a preventive therapy in the treatment of muscle cramps.

The Impact of Strengthening Exercise on Dynamic Balance in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is characterised clinically by usage-related pain and/or functional limitation. OA that is associated with physical dysfunction and decline in health-related quality of life caused the main disability worldwide and is expected to increase due to aging and obesity rates and further load on the population and health system. The strengthening exercises that normally used is knee flexion and extensions, isometric quadriceps exercise, isometric hamstring exercise, and sit to stand to improve the balance. Objectives: is to find out the impact of Strengthening exercise on Balance in patients with knee Osteoarthritis Study Design: Quasi experimental study Methods: Fifty-six (n=56) of knee OA patients were involved in this study by judgemental sampling design. Researcher will first demonstrate and explain the Y-balance tools testing procedure based on Plisky and colleagues study. Participants are given to practice six trials before the formal testing, stated that SEBT have a significant learning effect and found that the reaching distances reached the longest distance after six trials and then will be constant. Results: Independent t-test shows significant difference in only anterior direction. In the experimental group the mean value is 69.83 with a SD of 11.62 while in the control group the mean value is 63.51 with a SD of 11.36; p-value of .045 and t-value of 2.056. In postero-lateral directions result shows there is no significant difference, experimental group the mean value is 91.10 with a SD of 9.74 while in control group mean value is 90.88 with SD value of 12.68; p-value of .947 and t-value of .067. Result of postero-medial shows no significant difference too, in experimental group the mean value of 95.16 with SD of 10.92 while in control group the mean value is 93.40 with SD of 8.20; p=value of .501 and t-value of .678. Conclusion: This study has proven strengthening exercise using YBT improved only anterior direction of YBT but no significant difference in postero-lateral and postero-medial direction. Key Words: Knee Osteoarthritis, Strengthening exercise, Dynamic Balance, Star excursion test

Effectiveness of Mechanical Hydrotherapy on Pain Management among Patients with Arthritis Pain

Introduction: Hydrotherapy is a warm water therapy used in relieving pain such as muscle pain, back pain and inflammation associated with the arthritis pain. In arthritic condition hydrotherapy helps to improving blood circulation. It is commonly used for treating muscle injuries and stroke and brain injuries.
 Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of mechanical hydrotherapy on pain management among patients with arthritis pain.
 Materials and Methods: In this study a quantitative research approach with an experimental pre-test post-test research design was used for the present study. Purposive sampling was the sampling method used to collect data from arthritis patients on the basis of standardized numerical pain rating scale (NPRS). The sample size was 70, for experimental group 35 samples and control group was 35 samples. For experimental group the mechanical hydrotherapy was given along with prescribed medicines and for control group only prescribed medicine was monitored.
 Results: The majority of participants were male 41 (58.57%) and female 29 (41.43%) as compared to male. In experimental group male were 22 (62.85%) and female were 13 (37.15%) and in control group male were19 (54.28%) and female were 16 (45.72%). Before intervention on day-1 pre assessment pain mean value was 7.51 and standard deviation was 1.46 in experimental group and In control group mean value was 7.91 and standard deviation was 1.12. On day-7 post assessment pain the outcome of an experimental group after mechanical hydrotherapy with reducing pain, mean value was1.80 and standard deviation was 1.07 and in control group mean value was 7.97 and 1.27. Statistically significant improvement seen in the level of pain regarding effectiveness of mechanical hydrotherapy on pain management among patients with arthritis pain.
 Conclusion: Hence it is statistically clear that, the mechanical hydrotherapy to arthritis patients is helpful in managing the pain effectively.

A study to evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on knowledge regarding intra uterine balloon tamponade in management of pph among staff nurses working in selected hospitals of Mysuru city

A Quasi experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of Video assisted teaching programme on knowledge regarding use of Intra Uterine Balloon Tamponade in the management of PPH among staff nurses in selected hospitals of Mysuru. The sample consisting of 60 Staff Nurses in selected hospitals by using non-probability convenient sampling method. The tool comprised of structured self-administered questionnaire. The mean of pre test knowledge score in experimental group was 8.966 with standard deviation of 4.205. While in control group, mean was 8.533 with standard deviation of 3.471. The post test knowledge score from both experimental and control group showed that the obtained post test mean value in experimental group (18.03) was higher than post test mean value in control group (8.93). The mean difference value of experimental group (9.07) is greater than control group (0.4), and the obtained ‘t’ test value (9.977) is found to be more than ‘t’ table value (2.00). Since, the obtained ‘t’ value is highly significant at p<0.05 level. Therefore, null hypothesis (H) is rejected. This shows that there is a significant improvement in the knowledge level of staff nurses in experimental group compared to control group. This indicates that administration of video assisted teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge of staff nurses regarding use of intrauterine balloon tamponade in the management of PPH. The findings established that there was no association between knowledge of samples on use of intrauterine balloon tamponade in the management of PPH and selected demo graphical variables in both experimental and control group. Hence, the research hypothesis Hwas rejected and the present study revealed that VAT on knowledge regarding use of intrauterine balloon tamponade in the management of PPH was effective among staff nurses.

Evaluation of the PRADO home discharge support programme for orthopaedic surgery in 2018

BackgroundBetween 2015 and 2017, nearly 80,000 hospital stays in orthopaedic surgery were entered into a home discharge support programme (PRADO) offered by the statutory health insurance system. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the PRADO programme on enrolled stays in orthopaedic surgery over the last three years. HypothesisThe home discharge support programme used in orthopaedic surgery shortens hospital stays and decreases the rate of readmission within 30days. Material and methodsThe home discharge support programme PRADO was evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively. The quantitative study used a multicentre retrospective cohort design with matching to controls identified in the national healthcare database. All hospital stays entered into the home discharge support programme between January 2015 and December 2017 were enrolled in the study. Follow-up was 6months after discharge. The main outcome measure was the rate of readmission within 30days after discharge. The secondary outcome measures were emergency department visits, admission to rehabilitation, mean stay duration, visits to recommended healthcare professionals, medication consumption, and total healthcare expenditure at 6months. The statistical analysis used the per protocol approach. The qualitative study involved semi-structured individual and group interviews designed to investigate adhesion of the professionals and their perceptions of programme implementation, funding, and costs. ResultsOf 82,202 stays in the programme, 71,761 (87%) were matched and included in the analysis. Characteristics were comparable between the programme stays and the control stays. The programme stays had a significant reduction in the number of all-cause ambulatory and non-ambulatory readmissions (4.5% vs. 4.9%, p<0.0001 and 3.9% vs. 4.2%, p=0.0009, respectively). Emergency department visits and rehabilitation admissions within 30days were significantly less common in the programme group than in the control group (mean values, 2.1% vs. 2.3%, p=0.01 and 3.4% vs. 8.4%, p≤0.0001, respectively). Mean stay length was not significantly different between the two groups. Visits to recommended healthcare professionals occurred significantly more often and earlier in the programme group. The delivery of analgesics and heparin was significantly higher in the programme group, whereas no difference occurred in the delivery of antibiotics. Mean total health expenditures at 6months were lower in the programme group (2248 € vs. 2485 €). The success of the PRADO programme was dependent on leadership from the medical staff within the institution and on assistance provided by the hospital throughout its implementation. The criteria for patient eligibility to the programme were not routinely shared by or clear to the healthcare staff. DiscussionThe PRADO programme effectively improves the care of orthopaedic surgery patients and raises the issue of whether some admissions to rehabilitation may be unnecessary. Level of evidenceIII; comparative retrospective study.

Evaluation of Von Willebrand Factor and other Coagulation Homeostasis Profile of Patients with Sickle Cell Anaemia attending a Tertiary Hospital at Enugu, Nigeria

Background:&#x0D; Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is a genetic disorder that has been shown to facilitate certain forms of coagulopathy. However, there is a paucity of data that demonstrated these features in Nigerian Sickle cell anaemic patients.&#x0D; The objective of study:&#x0D; This prospective study aims to determine the plasma level of vWF, APTT, PT, platelet count and haematological parameters of SCA patients in steady state in comparison with apparently healthy individuals attending the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.&#x0D; Materials and Methods:&#x0D; A total of 85 participants were enrolled in this study. This comprised of 35 homozygous SCA in steady-state as test subjects (HbSS) and 50 apparently healthy individuals of Hb AA as the control group. Blood samples were collected from all participants; both PT and APTT were analysed using Quick and kaolin methods, respectively., vWF was assayed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Haematological parameters were analysed through the use of an automated haematology analyser.&#x0D; Results:&#x0D; There was significant elevation of mean±SD of vWF, APTT and platelet count among SCA patients (52.53 ± 1.45 iu/dl), (48.40 ± 4.99 s) and (287.68 ± 21.43 x109/l) when compared with the mean value in control group (40.16 ±1.50 iu/dl), (33.88 ± 1.34 s) and (219.67 ± 13.9 x109/l) (p&lt; 0.05). However, there were significant decrease in PCV, haemoglobin concentration and red blood cell count among SCA patients, (24.00 ± 0.82 l/l), (7.89 ± 0.24 g/l) and (2.97 ± 0.8 x 1010/l) when compared with control group (40.95 ± 0.73 l/l), (12.44 ± 0.26 g/l) and (4.81 ± 0.11 x 10/l) (p˂ 0.05) respectively. In addition, significant elevation of mean ±SD MCH and MCHC with mean values of (26.63±0.93 pg) and (33.28 ± 0.52 g/l) among subjects when compared with control groups (25.68± 0.47 pg), (30.30 ± 0.18 g/l) (p˂0.005). However, there were no significant differences in WBC, PT and MCV in both study groups.&#x0D; Conclusion:&#x0D; Findings from this study demonstrated prolonged coagulation profile, thrombocytosis and leucocytosis among SCA patients in steady state.

Applying Marketing Mix Model WebQuest in professional English teaching

Today, a serious problem of teachers has been the search for educational technologies aimed not only at assimilating students a certain amount of knowledge, but also at developing their personal, creative and cognitive abilities. One of the concepts that allow teachers to maintain such a balance in teaching professional English in universities and higher education institutions proved to be the WebQuest interactive activities on the Internet with the help of Marketing Mix Model WebQuest technology. Based on the "Marketing Mix Model WebQuest", a series of interactive lessons in the framework of the course ‘English for professional purposes’ was conducted in 2 groups (control and experimental) of 22 students each at the faculty of “Social Sciences and Mass Communications” in the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. The aim of the research was to teach the students professional English terminology and topics through interactive activities on the Internet. Using WebQuest technology, students were asked to listen to foreign speech, adapt it in accordance with their level of perception, adjust the sound speed by breaking phrases into separate words and comparing the pronunciation and spelling of words. The results of the study and t-Student criterion calculation showed that the experimental group did better than the control one. Mean value of control group came up to 74,32 points whereas of experimental group – to 81,95 points. The significance level of t-Student test made p &lt; 0,001. The results obtained indicate that the implementation of Marketing Mix Model WebQuest technology facilitated a more intensive participation in the learning process of students, which made it possible to increase the efficiency of perception and memorization of educational material, as well as to use an interactive learning environment to solve professional problems, which is especially important for teaching a professional foreign language.

Copper-Calcium Hydroxide and Permanent Electrophoretic Current for Treatment of Apical Periodontitis.

Endodontic failure has been and continues to be a problem for endodontics-specialists. Complicated anatomy, numerous foramens, and accessory canals are an environment for microorganisms to infect the teeth. The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the regeneration of copper–calcium hydroxide (Cupral)-endodontically treated teeth diagnosed with apical periodontitis using an electrophoresis technique. In total, 132 patients, aging from 19 to 65 years old, underwent endodontic treatment mono- and multi-radicular teeth, with complicated canals from January 2019 to June 2020. The patients were divided into two groups: (i) the control group—which included 54 patients (n = 62 teeth) receiving endodontic paste (Calcipast + 1) and, as final filling, the AH-PlusTM cement—and (ii) the Cupral group, which included 78 patients (n = 80 teeth) receiving Cupral paste plus the electrophoretic current and, as final filling, the Atacamit-alkaline cement. The clinical cases were periodically observed along an 18-month follow-up period via radiography. Data were expressed as focal size of the lesions (mean ± standard error (SEM) of all the radiographic outcomes) observed in each group at each interval point. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student’s t-test that allowed us to compare the control and Cupral groups; the statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, where the latter was highly significant. Before treatments, the focal sizes were 4.8 mm and 4.95 mm for control and Cupral-treated groups, respectively. After 6 months, the mean focal sizes were 3.9 mm and 2.14 mm for the control and Cupral groups, respectively. After 12 months, in the control group, the mean focal size was measured at 2.8 mm, while, in Cupral group, the lesion size decreased down to 0.31 mm and a highly dynamic regeneration of the destructive focal-bone occurred. After 18 months, the lesions were further significantly reduced in the control group (mean values of 2.62 mm), while they were barely detectable in the Cupral group (0.2 mm). In conclusion, we provide initial evidence that the Cupral-electrophoresis methodology is effective in treating destructive periodontitis of teeth with problematic canals up to 18 months, thus allowing teeth preservation.

Virtual reality as a teaching method for resuscitation training in undergraduate first year medical students: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundVirtual reality is an innovative technology for medical education associated with high empirical realism.Therefore, this study compares a conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training with a Virtual Reality (VR) training aiming to demonstrate: (a) non-inferiority of the VR intervention in respect of no flow time and (b) superiority in respect of subjective learning gain.MethodsIn this controlled randomized study first year, undergraduate students were allocated in the intervention group and the control group. Fifty-six participants were randomized to the intervention group and 104 participants to the control group. The intervention group received an individual 35-min VR Basic Life Support (BLS) course and a basic skill training. The control group took part in a “classic” BLS-course with a seminar and a basic skill training.The groups were compared in respect of no flow time in a final 3-min BLS examination (primary outcome) and their learning gain (secondary outcome) assessed with a comparative self-assessment (CSA) using a questionnaire at the beginning and the end of the course. Data analysis was performed with a general linear fixed effects model.ResultsThe no flow time was significantly shorter in the control group (Mean values: control group 82 s vs. intervention group 93 s; p = 0.000). In the CSA participants of the intervention group had a higher learning gain in 6 out of 11 items of the questionnaire (p < 0.05).ConclusionA “classic” BLS-course with a seminar and training seems superior to VR in teaching technical skills. However, overall learning gain was higher with VR. Future BLS course-formats should consider the integration of VR technique into the classic CPR training or vice versa, to use the advantage of both teaching techniques.

Coagulation Effect of Sugammadex as Determined by Thromboelastography in a Randomized Controlled Study of Surgical Patients.

Introduction: Sugammadex has been shown to be associated with prolongation of prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. However, it is not known whether it could be associated with enhancing postoperative hypocoagulation. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of 4 mg/kg of sugammadex on thromboelastography (TEG) parameters in surgical patients.Methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, a prospective double-blinded randomized controlled study was conducted between September 2016 and April 2017. Sixty adult patients scheduled for laparoscopic abdominal surgery were randomly allocated to receive either sugammadex 4 mg/kg (sugammadex group) or pyridostigmine 0.15 mg/kg in combination with glycopyrrolate 0.4 mg (control group) to reverse rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade at the completion of surgery. Blood samples were collected three time points; After the final suture of surgery (baseline) (T1), and at 10 min (T2) and 1 h (T3) after administration of the study drug. Whole blood was analyzed by TEG using TEG 5000 (Hemonetics Corp, Braintree, MA, USA). The primary endpoints were comparison of coagulation time (K, time to 20 mm clot amplitude), R (reaction time), alpha angle, and maximal amplitude (MA) between two groups.Results: Coagulation time was significantly prolonged in sugammadex group after 10 min of the study drug administration compared to control group (mean value 1.3 ± 0.4 vs. 1.5 ± 0.4, P = 0.03). However, R, alpha angle and MA value were not different between two groups.Conclusions: Sugammadex 4 mg/kg showed an increase in coagulation time in surgical patients. Physician should aware the potential enhancement of hypocoagulation by sugammadex in the setting of high risk of postoperative bleeding.

THE APPLICATION OF MURDER LEARNING MODEL AND EFFECT ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES

This study aims to analyze the differences in learning outcomes between students learning with the MURDER learning model and students who take conventional learning, namely lecturing on. This type of research used is the quasi-experimental design with the research design used Posttest-Only Control. The study population was grade VIII students at MTs. Darun Najah Al-Falah Telaga Waru West Lombok, Indonesia. The sample in this study were students of grade VIII totaling 40 people. The sampling technique used cluster sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. The learning outcome data were collected using a multiple-choice test instrument with a total of 20 questions. Based on the results of the data analysis, the results of tcount = 2.102 and ttable = 1.686 at the 5% significance level, which means tcount>ttable. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences in learning outcomes between students using the MURDER learning model and students using conventional learning models. From the results of descriptive statistical analysis, it is known that the mean value of the experimental group is 64.5 and the mean value of the control group is 57.25. This means that the average score in the experimental group is greater than the average score in the control group, so it can be concluded that learning using the MURDER learning model has an effect on student learning outcomes. Article visualizations:

MRI measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter using 3D driven equilibrium sequence as a non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension

BackgroundThe idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a disease that is represented by high intracranial pressure of unknown reason. The visual disturbance presents the main medical problem of this syndrome. This study was conducted to assess the diagnostic value of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measured using MRI 3D DRIVE in the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.ResultsThe mean value of the ONSD measured using 3D DRIVE sequence in the patient group (5.81 ± 0.33) was significantly higher than the mean value of the normal control group (4.95 ± 0.45) (p < 0.001). The optimal optic nerve sheath diameter cut-off value for diagnosing idiopathic intracranial hypertension was > 5.31 mm, with 94.12% sensitivity and 93.3% negative predictive value.ConclusionThe high resolution of 3D DRIVE provides an accurate measurement of ONSD which correlated with elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure and hence the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Conditioning by Means of Customized Healing Abutment: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Introduction: An optimal aesthetic implant restoration is a combination of a visually pleasing prosthesis and adequate surrounding peri-implant soft tissue architecture. This study describes a novel workflow for one-step formation of the supra-implant emergence profile. Materials and Methods: Two randomized groups were selected. Ten control group participants received standard healing screws at the surgical stage. Ten individualized healing abutments were Computer aided Design/Computer aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated out of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) restoration material in a fully digital workflow and seated at the surgical stage in the test group. The modified healing abutment shape was extracted from a virtual library. The standard triangulation language (STL) files of a premolar and a molar were obtained considering the coronal anatomy up to the cement-enamel junction (CEJ). After a healing period ranging from 1 to 3 months depending on the location of the surgical site, namely, mandible or maxilla, a digital impression was taken. The functional implant prosthodontics score (FIPS) and the numerical rating scale (NRS) of pain were recorded and compared. Results: The mean FIPS value for the test group was 9.1 ± 0.9 while the control group mean value was 7.1 ± 0.9. In the test group, pain assessment at crown placement presented a mean value of 0.5 ± 0.7. On the contrary, the control group showed a mean value of 5.5 ± 1.6. Conclusions: Patients in the test group showed higher FIPS values and lower NRS scores during the early phases compared to the control group.

The Effect of Instructional Software for Earth and Environmental Subject on Increasing Achievements of Ninth Grade Students at king Abdullah the II for Excellence School in Irbid

This study aimed at examining the effect of Instructional software for earth and environmental subject on Increasing achievements of ninth grade students at king Abdullah the II for excellence school in Irbid. In order to achieve the objective of the study، The researcher adopted the experimental method، and prepared instructional software and achievement test، the subjects of the study consisted of (53) ninth basic graders، (27) males، (26) female. The subjects were randomly distributed into two groups، (26) of them in the experimental group taught by the instructional software، and (27) in the control group taught by the conventional method. The results of the study indicated that there were statistical significant differences at the level (α = 0.05) due to the teaching method، the mean value for control group is (20.44)، while the mean value for experimental group is (23.19)، in the favor of the experimental group subjects taught by the instructional software، and there were no statistical significant differences due to the gender or to the interaction between the gender and teaching method. The study suggested a number of recommendation and implications in order to increase students achievement in earth &amp; environmental subjects and all curriculums.

The relationship between the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 protein flowing endurance training in streptozotocin rats

Background and aims: Intermuscular lipolysis disorder plays an important role in insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus and perilipin PLIN5 and PLIN3 are the key proteins in regulating muscle cellular lipolysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 protein following endurance training in streptozotocin (STZ) rats. Methods: A number of 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into low endurance training group (n = 8), high-intensity training group (n = 8), and control group (n = 8). Diabetes was induced in every rat by STZ injection. Three days after injection, the blood samples were taken from the cut tip of the tails of the mice and animals with blood glucose greater than 300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. The training program included eight weeks of aerobic training at different intensities. Training in high- and low-intensity groups included 22-25 and 5-8 m/min of training. Finally, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation was used to determine the significance of the differences between variables, followed by utilizing Tukey’s post-hoc test for significance. Results: The comparison between the groups by ANOVA showed significant differences in PLIN3 (P=0.0006) and PLIN5 (P=0.012). The results of Tukey post hoc test also demonstrated a statistical difference between the mean values of diabetic control group and high-intensity endurance group regarding PLIN3 (P=0.01) and PLIN5 (P=0.009), but no significant increase was observed in the lowintensity exercise group as compared to the control group (PLIN3, P=0.067 &amp; PLIN5, P=0.44). As regards insulin resistance, there was a significant difference among the three groups (P=0.0001). Eventually, the result of the correlation between PLIN3 and PLIN5 showed similar enhancement by increasing the intensity (P=0.0026). Conclusion: According to research results, high-intensity endurance training increased the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 in diabetic specimens and PLIN3 and PLIN5 followed a similar increase pattern in high-intensity training

Improvements of alveolar bone healing using Moringa oleifera leaf powder and extract biomimetic composite: an experimental study in dogs

Alveolar ridge preservation techniques and biomaterials were extensively used in the past few years. The rate of new bone formation is the concept in healing sockets. The faster the rate the lesser the alveolar bone resorption. Resorption is fastened in the first three months after extraction. Wide range of biomaterials were available, the choice of an ideal material was confusing.Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of both Moringa Oleifera (MO) leaf powder and extract mixture locally and MO leaf extract repeated injections in fresh extraction sockets of dog. Moreover, identifying bioactive phenolic compounds in dried leaves.Materials and Methods: Eight mongrel dogs were included in this study; two animals were used as control. Six test animals were divided into two groups according to biopsy time (3 and 5 weeks). Each of these groups includes three animals. All animals were subjected to extraction of the third premolar bilaterally, both sides of the test animals (the six) were treated with Moringa Oleifera leaf powder (0.7 gm) and water extract (1ml) mixture. The right side only was subjected to repeated injections of Moringa Oleifera leaf water extract (½ ml) for two times (1st week and 2nd week postoperatively for all groups). Trephine bur was used to take biopsy for the purpose of histopathologic examination by H&E and Masson Trichrome stain to quantify new bone formation, and number of inflammatory cells.Results: Bone area percent showed the highest mean value in the right side at 3 weeks and 5 weeks. ANOVA test revealed no significant difference between groups (P=0.43) at 3 weeks, while the difference was significant at 5 weeks (P=0.00). Mean inflammatory cells count were significantly higher mean value in control group at 3 weeks and 5 weeks (P=0.00). Conclusion: Two injections of moringa oleifera aqueous extract of 11.7% concentration improved bone area present significantly at 5 weeks and decreased inflammatory cells at all test periods.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BISPENOL-A (BPA) TERHADAP JUMLAH SPERMATOZOA PADA Rattus norvegicus GALUR WISTAR ALBINO

Bispenol-a (BPA) has an esterogen hormone activity while it enters the body, it can become endocrine disruptor. The objetive of this study was to purpose to prove that bispenol a can decrease spermatozoa cell count in male wistar albino strain rats (rattus novergicus).This research is an experimental design with post-only control group by using 20 male wistar albino strain rats (rattus Novergicus). Those sample aged 2-3 months which divided into four groups for 5 rats each. Control group (K) without bispenol-a adduction. The first (P1), second (P2), and third (P3) group treatment was given with BPA in 51 days for 0.45, 0.9 and 1.8 mg/body weight(kgs)/day for a 51-day. After 51-day treatment.This research showed that mean value of testosterone hormone for control group was 7.78 ng/lts. P1 group, P2 and P3 groups showed 6.19, 5.23 and 4.02 ng/lt.the count of spermatozoa has mean value for control group was 39,1 while first group (P1) was 30.2 . In second (P2) and third (P3) treatment group were 21,1 and 19.7. Data analysis showed mice spermatozoa cell count had p &lt;0.05, which means that there is significance differentiation between control and treatment groups.It can be concluded that there is an effect of bisphenol a adduction on male Rattus novergicus wistar albino strain spermatozoa cell count.

Vitamin D deficiency and benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo

Objectives: Benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo (BPPV) has significant recurrence rates, mainly in older patients. The etiopathology of recurrent BPPV is possibly related to low serum vitamin D levels. Finding a therapeutic weapon will help with these complicated cases, reducing disability, falling risk and also health care costs.Study design: Clinical trial: one-year duration.Setting: Ten patients with diagnosis of BPPV made by history and physical examination and at least two episodes of documented BPPV in the previous two years and chronic complaints of dizziness. Neurologic and other otological diseases were excluded for these patients.Subjects and methods: Vitamin D was evaluated by measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD). Levels below 20 ng/mL were considered deficiency and levels between 20 and 30 ng/mL were considered insufficiency. Half of the patients (treatment group) started a treatment with cholecalciferol while the remaining patients were the control group. All of the patients were reevaluated every three months.Results: All patients of the treatment group did not have any subsequent episode of positional vertigo, dizziness complaints or nystagmus evoked by provocative manoeuvers. At reevaluations, the mean value of serum 25-OHD for the treatment group had increased noticeably. It was also significantly higher than the mean value of control group. All patients of control group had positional vertigo episodes, as well as positional nystagmus at office reevaluations.Conclusion: These results support the need to systematically measure and correct vitamin D levels in patients with recurrent BPPV.

Can changes in echo intensity be used to detect the presence of acute muscle swelling?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine acute changes in muscle thickness (MTH) and echo-intensity (EI), following four sets of biceps curls, when it is known that the change in MTH is due entirely to swelling. Approach: Forty-nine resistance-trained men and women participated in this study. Individuals in the experimental group (n = 23) visited the lab on two separate occasions. During the first visit, paperwork and one repetition maximum (1RM) strength were measured. During the second visit (3–5 d after visit 1), individuals performed four sets of biceps curls to failure using 70% of their 1RM. MTH and EI measurements were taken before and immediately following exercise using B-mode ultrasound. The ultrasound probe was equipped with a level to minimize the influence of probe tilt on the EI measurement. A time-matched control group (n = 26) was included to account for measurement error for both MTH and EI. Results are presented as means (95% CI). Main results: For MTH there was a group (Experimental versus Control) by time (Pre-Post) interaction (p < 0.001). MTH increased in the experimental group (mean value change = 0.44 (0.33–0.54) cm), but not in the control group (mean value change = −0.015 (−0.03–0.01) cm). For EI, there was no group by time interaction (p =.074). In addition, there were no main effects for group (p = 0.254) or time (p = 0.314). The mean difference in the change in EI between groups was −2.99 (−6.25–3.03) arbitrary units. Significance: EI cannot be used to detect exercise induced changes in muscle thickness.