Contribution Of Stakeholders Research Articles

Tourism Planning and Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Lesson from Girona

Purpose: This paper aims to establish the significance of including the host community in the tourism planning and management processes in Girona-Spain. Additionally, it illustrates tourism data that correspond to periods before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak in the city. It explores the contribution of academia and stakeholders in the planning and management of the tourism system during the pandemic. Design/Methodology/Approach: The literature review references the residents, planning, management, and strategies for the contribution of local actors in the development of tourism models to be applied in the case study of Girona. It involves a qualitative methodology, using semi-structured interviews, and the Delphi method on the software Atlas Ti 8 regarding the residents’ perceptions and the strategies of local public and private actors to establish sustainable models in tourist cities. Findings: The study reveals the effect and perceptions of residents regarding tourist activity in a historic center of a medium-sized city before the COVID-19 pandemic and five strategies proposed by both public and private organizations and residents, presenting unprecedented challenges. Research Limitations/Implications: The study does not include the perspective of tourists who have already seen Girona. Practical Implications: The strategies presented can be applied at the policy level in urban cities. Understanding resident-tourist interaction and effects will help prepare a better sustainable tourism development plan. Originality/Value: This paper is the first to present a tourism planning proposal for a city carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic with the participation of residents, public and private stakeholders, and academia.

Stakeholder Expectations and Contributions in Shaping a Market for Automated, Connected, Electric and Shared (Aces) Vehicles

Stakeholder Expectations and Contributions in Shaping a Market for Automated, Connected, Electric and Shared (Aces) Vehicles

Engaging Stakeholders in the Development of a Reproductive Goals Decision AID for Women with Cystic Fibrosis.

Objective: More people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) are reaching adulthood and considering their reproductive futures. Unfortunately, many pwCF report gaps in their reproductive healthcare. We describe measures of stakeholder engagement in developing a reproductive goals decision aid for women with CF called MyVoice:CF. Methods: Stakeholders reviewed the content, design, and usability of the tool, which was informed by prior research related to CF family planning experiences and preferences as well as a conceptual understanding of reproductive decision making. We evaluated stakeholder engagement via process measures and outcomes of stakeholder involvement. We collected data via recorded stakeholder recommendations and surveys. Results: Fourteen stakeholders participated and the majority described their role on the project as “collaborator”, “advisor”, or “expert.” Most felt their expectations for the project were met or exceeded, that they had contributed significantly, and that they received sufficient and frequent information about the process. All stakeholders provided recommen­dations and clarified aims for a CF-specific family planning tool, including its content and focus on facilitating shared decision making. Discussion: Utilizing meaningful stakeholder contributions, we developed MyVoice:CF, a novel web-based decision aid to help women with CF engage in shared decision-making regarding their reproductive goals. Practical Value: Our findings from working with stakeholders for MyVoice:CF indicate that disease-specific reproductive health resources can and should be designed with input from individuals in the relevant communities.

Participatory Action Research for Conservation and Development: Experiences from the Amazon

Research that features participation and action orientation, such as participatory action research (PAR), is especially valuable in contexts where there is rapid change, high social inequality, and great uncertainty about the future, which drives stakeholder demands for information to support their goals. The Amazon offers such a context, for it is a region where diverse stakeholders engage in contestation over environmental governance to address issues such as climate change to achieve conservation and sustainable development. Stakeholder mobilization has changed the terms by which research is conducted, from the definition of priority topics to the application of findings. Due to stakeholder mobilization, more and more research in the Amazon is now necessarily participatory, for stakeholders routinely issue demands about how the research will be conducted and for what purpose. In this paper, we provide an overview of several experiences of implementing methods such as PAR by different teams or networks, focusing on the complementary contributions of outside researchers and local stakeholders. The heart of the paper reports on three broad types of experiences focusing on conservation and development in the Amazon: (1) participatory data collection for co-production of knowledge for environmental governance, (2) inclusive environmental monitoring systems, and (3) innovative models of knowledge exchange to facilitate collective action. Within each type, we report multiple experiences with distinct approaches to participation and action in research. These experiences constitute models that can be replicated in other places for broader impact to support conservation and development.

The impact of institutional voids and ecosystem logics in the spread of ecosystems in emerging economies

ABSTRACT Business ecosystems can be formed with the contribution of stakeholders from countries with different conditions. In this research, we investigate how institutional voids and their management impact the spread of business ecosystems with developed market origins in emerging economies. We conduct our analysis on the screen reader ecosystems in Turkey, which characterise the assistive technology industry for the blind. In our abductive study with three screen reader dealers of US-based producers in Turkey, we find that the spread of ecosystems in emerging economies is determined by how ecosystem logics fit with the institutional conditions regardless of the home market dominance of ecosystems, and how different types of institutional voids are effectively addressed by local entrepreneurs.

Examination of the contributions of educational stakeholders in ensuring secondary schools’ safety in Southern Kebbi State, Nigeria

The study examined the contributions of educational stakeholders in ensuring secondary schools safety in southern kebbi state, Nigeria. School safety is what makes an individual student feel comfortable, accepted, associated, and integrated freely within the school environment and use all aspects of the school in other to achieve perfect learning. And to achieve this, the school environment must be designed to accomplish this purpose. All educational stakeholders’ action, interest and effort are expected to create desirable school safety. Similarly, their inaction can result in schools been unsafe, in terms of social, academic and the environment which can easily affect learning, teaching, discipline, trust and undermine the manifest goals of the school and its activities. Four research questions and four objectives were used to guide the study which examined the views and roles played by educational stakeholders in ensuring school safety. Three theories were highlighted as follows: the theory of safety, the sociological theory and the theory of trust which was what the researcher based his work on. The study adopted a descriptive survey, the population of the study, for students were 1, 2761, teachers constituted 631 while parents formed 80 respondents and Zonal Education Boards Members were 15. The instrument used for data collection was checklist and interview. The interview was recorded, transcribed and used according to the frame to code the data and link them to different themes. And for the checklist, alpha Cranach was used to determining the reliability index of the instrument, through personal visitation of the researcher. Data were collected and analyzed using frequency distribution count, tables and percentage. The results of the study revealed among others, that educational stakeholders contributed substantially in promoting schools safety in the study area through financial contributions to erect school fence, provision of school facilities and their maintenance, addressing the issue of overcrowded classes, provision of Guidance and Counseling services and first aid boxes etc. It is recommended that School authorities should provide ways in which students can report any unwanted behavioral acts, that may hinder the safety of the school, for example by providing a student suggestion box, for the students to lay complaints and make suggestions, the student needs to be included in the PTA meetings so that they too, can contribute their quota, or here their complaints, also parents and community members should be enlightened on the importance of attending PTA meetings.

Informing decisions with disparate stakeholders: cross-sector evaluation of cash transfers in Malawi.

The Social Cash Transfer Programme (SCTP) in Malawi is a cross-sectoral policy with impacts on health, education, nutrition, agriculture and welfare. Implementation of the SCTP requires collaboration across sectors and across national and international stakeholders. Economic evaluation can inform investment by indicating whether benefits exceed costs, but economic evaluations that provide an overall benefit–cost ratio typically assume a common agreed objective and agreed set of value judgements. In reality, the various stakeholders involved in the delivery of the SCTP may have different remits and objectives and may differ in how they value the impacts of the programme. We use the SCTP as a case study to illustrate a cross-sectoral analytical framework that accounts for these differences. The stakeholders that contribute to the SCTP include the Ministry of Gender, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Economic Planning and Development and Global Fund. We estimate how the SCTP changes outcomes in education, health, net production and poverty, and distinguish outcomes in three groups: SCTP recipients; population in Malawi not eligible for the SCTP and population in other countries. After estimating the direct effects and opportunity costs from investing in the SCTP, we summarize the results according to different perspectives. The SCTP is estimated to provide benefits in excess of costs from the perspective of national stakeholders. From the perspective of an international donor interested in health outcomes, its health benefits do not outweigh the opportunity costs unless health improvement in SCTP recipients is valued at 18 times that of other potential spending beneficiaries or the donor values broader outcomes than health alone. This work illustrates the potential of a cross-sectoral economic evaluation to guide debate about stakeholder contributions to the SCTP, and the value judgements required to favour the SCTP above other policy options.

Marketing’s role in multi-stakeholder engagement

In 2019 the CEOs of more than 180 of the largest U.S. firms signed a statement of corporate purpose indicating that corporations are responsible for providing economic benefits to all stakeholders, not just shareholders. Although stakeholder theory states that there are several stakeholders (internal and external) whose continuing participation affects a firm’s sustainability and long-term profitability, the marketing literature has focused primarily on customer engagement. This research argues for a broadened focus by marketing scholars and introduces a stakeholder engagement framework based on a triangulation approach including a systematic review of marketing research from a stakeholder perspective, the results of a survey of 254 editorial review board members from top marketing journals, and business case examples. The framework identifies three dimensions of firms’ stakeholder engagement strategies (stakeholder recognition, support, and dialogue) linked to stakeholder responses (stakeholder contribution to the firm or retaliation) that ultimately influence firm performance (financial, reputation, and risk). Two core propositions of multi-stakeholder engagement provide a foundation for a detailed future research agenda for marketing.

Stakeholder engagement in business models for sustainability: The stakeholder value flow model for sustainable development

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate how stakeholder groups engaged by the company contribute to the value flow of business models for sustainability. The research aims to expand the knowledge on business models for sustainability by highlighting the most important contributions of stakeholders that are relevant from a value flow and sustainable development perspective. The research methodology is a multiple case study in five Italian B corporations. The paper contribution is a stakeholder value flow model of business models for sustainability that categorizes the stakeholders engaged in the specific value flow dimension, namely, value intention, value proposition, value creation, value delivery and value capture. The stakeholder value flow model can facilitate a systematic and deeper analysis of stakeholder contributions to the company business model. Moreover, the stakeholder value flow model can be used to map from the company perspective the most significant relationships and to facilitate the stakeholder engagement towards sustainable development.

Peran Stakeholder terhadap Program Agroforestri dan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Petani LMDH Rengganis Desa Pakis Kecamatan Panti

Forest management carried out by the Panti District community in collaboration with Perhutani is regulated through an agroforestrybased Social Forestry program. This study focuses on the role and contribution of stakeholders to the agroforestry program, the household income of agroforestry farmers and the contribution of the household income of agroforestry and non-agroforestry farmers. The research method uses analytical descriptive. The sampling method used purposive sampling and incidental sampling. The data collection method used primary and secondary data. The data analysis tool uses quantitative description, income analysis and analysis of household income contribution of agroforestry farmers. The results showed that: (1) LMDH Rengganis acts as a policy creator, coordinator, facilitator, and implementer. Perhutani has a role as coordinator, facilitator and accelerator. KLHK acts as a policy creator. SDInpres and Bank BRI have a role as a facilitator. Community Empowerment Team (TPM) as facilitator and accelerator. Cabang Dinas Kehutanan (CDK) Wilayah Jember as facilitator, coordinator and accelerator. Village government as coordinator; (2) The average income of agroforestry is Rp. 24,673,333/year and is classified as profitable; (3) The contribution of agroforestry to LMDH Rengganis farmers in Pakis Village, Panti Subdistrict is categorized as high with a percentage of 84%..
 Keywords: Social forestry, agroforestry, stakeholders, role, and agroforestry income

Quality issues related to the design and construction stage of a project in the Indian construction industry

PurposeQuality in the construction industry is an important issue yet ignored during the initial stages of the life cycle of a project, that is, the design and construction stage. The contribution of stakeholders, especially the architects is generally suspended though it has huge significance in terms of cost and time related to quality. This research endeavors to examine the issues related to the design and construction stages of the project from architects' purview, to understand the relative importance of these issues in the Indian construction industry.Design/methodology/approachThe study of qualitative data conducted formed a basis for online quantitative data collection that was further analyzed with the help of cross-tabulation and multiple correspondence analysis methods.FindingsThe study concludes that the budget of a project is a corresponding factor related to quality concern for architects. The study also established that the quality issues corresponding to high budgets are closely related to the construction stage and are identified as preparation of checklist, and bidding process of hiring the contractor on the lowest bid.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to analyzing the perspective of architects; however, other stakeholders of the construction industry may represent a different opinion.Practical implicationsThis research emphasizes the importance of the client's role, and need for integration and coordination among stakeholders in the construction industry for effective quality control and management.Originality/valueThe research presents an exhaustive literature review on quality issues and its importance with respect to cost implications, standard practices, sustainability and the life cycle of the project.

Моделирование стейкхолдерских рисков: опыт эконометрического анализа

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of stakeholder risks and the possibilities of their assessment. The methodological framework of the study was formed on the basis of the corporate governance theory and its stakeholder model. Theoretical analysis. On the basis of the the Russian-language and English-language publications’ general review, carried out by the authors, it is concluded that there is no clear generally accepted toolkit for assessing stakeholder risk. Assessment of stakeholder risks was most developed in project approaches. Methods. The authors propose an approach for assessing the stakeholder risks of an organization as a whole based on the search for a balance of interests through modeling the contributions and benefits of stakeholders and the gaps between contributions and benefits. The empirical base of the study was made up of data on flour-grinding and bakery enterprises of the Sverdlovsk region for 2010–2019. The unbalanced dashboard for analysis included 130 observations across 28 companies. Results. The methodology has been tested on the example of a comparative analysis of “more successful” and “less successful” companies in terms of revenue. Econometric models of the stakeholder contribution to revenue have been built. Stakeholder risk maps were built, which made it possible to identify the most influential stakeholders in terms of their contribution to revenue and the most risky ones in terms of the gap level. Conclusions. When assessing stakeholder risks, a broad outlook and a system of various methods for assessing stakeholder risks are required, as well as a willingness to take into account factors that may go beyond the framework of the models. The results and conclusions of the article can become a theoretical platform for further research. Further research on this topic can be related to expanding the understanding of the imbalance of interests by taking into account the subjective assessments of stakeholders and experts. For these purposes, it is necessary to adapt existing corporate surveys to accounting for stakeholder value and stakeholder risks.

Price and reimbursement for orphan medicines and managed entry agreements: does Italy need a framework?

This article illustrates a consensus opinion of an expert panel on the need and usefulness of a framework for price and reimbursement (P&R) process and managed entry agreements (MEAs) for orphan medicines in Italy. This opinion was gathered in three rounds: an introductory document was sent to the panel and discussed during a recorded online meeting. A second document was sent to the panel for their review. In the third step the final document was validated. Members of the expert panel are the authors of the article. The panel agreed that Italy does not need a specific value framework for orphan medicines, driving the P&R process. Rather, a more structured value framework for all medicines tailored to the specific drugs can be useful. For orphan drugs, the panel advocated for a multidisciplinary approach and the contribution of different stakeholders to value assessment, and acknowledged the importance of addressing, more than for other drugs, unmet needs, equity issues and societal value. The panel raised the need of increasing the importance of patient-reported outcomes. Experts, acknowledging the growing criticisms in implementation of outcome-based agreements in Italy, expressed their position against their abandonment in favour of discounts only and supported orphan medicines as natural candidates for these agreements. Finally, the panel made some recommendations on the appraisal process for orphan medicines, including an early discussion on the uncertainty of the evidence generated and the adoption of a structured approach to identify the agreement, which better responds to the uncertainty.

Circular transition: scenarios for the future of design

Circular transition: scenarios for the future of design

School-based management committee’s contributions in improving access to basic education in Kauru local government area of Kaduna state, Nigeria

Introduction: The increasing number of out of school children in Nigeria is very disturbing. It is observed that many school age children are out of school and are seen in the streets roaming about aimlessly during school hours without access to education. This disturbing trend is a complete negation of one of Nigeria’s philosophies of education which provides that education is a right of every Nigerian irrespective of gender, social status, religion, ethnic background and any peculiar individual challenges. This study examined School Based Management Committees (SBMCs) contribution in improving access to Basic Education in Kauru Local Government Area of Kaduna State. Purpose: This review was to address the dearth in available literature for use by researchers, students, ministry of education and other related shareholders who will like to have access to literature to further strengthen and sustain school Based Management Committees contributions in improving access to Basic Education in Kauru Local Government Area of Kaduna state. Findings: The paper reviewed the strategic contributions of school Based Management Committees in improving access to Basic Education in Kauru Local Government Area of Kaduna State. This is because children of school age still roam the streets without access to Basic Education in communities where schools do not have functional school Based Management Committees. Recommendations: The paper recommended among others that; SBMC should be established and efforts should be made to ensure its effective functions in all Basic Education institution in Kauru Local Government Area of Kaduna state, the government and community should reengineer advocacy for awareness and contributions of stakeholders in the provision of education

Analyzing the impact of export diversification and technological innovation on renewable energy consumption: Evidences from BRICS nations

Due to the rapid industrial growth in the BRICS nations, export earnings and energy demand witnessed an upturn in the preceding years. Therefore, by considering export diversification, extensive export margin, and intensive export margin as the determinants of renewable energy, the present study intended to explore whether total, horizontal, and vertical growth in exports stimulated the demand for renewable energy in the BRICS nations for the period of 1990–2018. In doing so, technological innovation, income inequality, and capital formation are carried as controlled variables. The elasticity coefficients revealed that export diversification, traditional exports, technological innovation, and capitalization contributed to escalating the usage of cleaner energy solutions, whereas the exports of new products and income inequality had a negative impact on the demand for renewable energy. The computed results signify the need for advanced and renewable energy-based production processes and just distribution of income in the society so that at industrial and household levels, cleaner, energy-efficient, and environment-friendly procedures can be followed. For securing the constructive contribution of various stakeholders, the study proposed a multipronged policy framework, which may help to culminate a synergy between economic and environmental channels.

Performance measurement system using performance prism approach in batik company: a case study

XYZ company is one of the small-medium enterprises (SME) engaged in the batik industry with the main focus on making muslim clothes made from printed batik and batik. The company cannot evaluate the cause of the turnover decrease because no performance measurement has been applied. Therefore, a company performance measurement is carried out using the performance prism approach because a company performance appraisal is needed stakeholder contributions using the performance prism approach. Stakeholders of this company are consumers, employees, community, capital owners, and suppliers. Supporting the performance prism frame­work, the AHP method was used to determine the weighting and hierarchical structure and then carried out a scoring system with the help of OMAX to determine the company's actual score. This design shows that corporate stakeholders, including owners, consumers, employees, suppliers, and the surrounding community, obtained as many as 34 KPIs. From the implementation of the performance measurement system with OMAX scoring obtained the value of company performance based on satisfaction aspects (6.489), contri­bution aspect (6.582), and capability aspect (5.646). Recommen­dations are also given to improve it.

Stakeholder Participation and Project Sustainability: A Case of Deaf Donor Funded Project in Kicukiro, Rwanda

Researches has shown that due to less participation of stakeholders in project sustainability, most of donor funded projects fail or get stuck just after withdrawal of funds by donors. Hence, the purpose of this study of assessing the contribution of stakeholder’s participation in promoting project sustainability with a case study of Deaf Donor Funded Project in Kicukiro. The researcher used descriptive research design to a target population of 246 people in which 152 respondents’ were chosen using the formula of Yamane (1967) with census and purposive sampling techniques. The questionnaires were distributed to the respondents because the researcher did self – administration of questionnaires while collecting data, but a sign language translator was hired to help capture all the necessary information. The analysis of the questionnaire was done through use of SPSS version 21.0 hence the use of descriptive, regression and correlation tables within this study about participation of stakeholders and project sustainability. The findings also prove that there is a relationship between Skills and Ownership (p=.851 and sig=.000), between skills and continuation (p=.786 and sig=.000), between material and effective leader (p=.899 and sig=.000) because all calculated p- values are less than 0.01 level of significance.

Contributions of Community Stakeholders in the Co-production of Female Child Education in Nigeria

This paper investigates the contributions of community stakeholders in the co-production of female child education in Zamfara State, Nigeria. Female child education in Nigeria is associated with some complex issues, like cultural barriers, religious misinterpretations and poverty among rural dwellers, which pose serious challenge for policy makers and public managers. The idea of engaging citizens to make contributions in the design, management and implementation of public polices is called co-production. Studies have revealed that the co-production of public services helped in addressing complex policy problems that cannot be addressed through top-down approach. This paper therefore, adopts co-production as an approach for addressing complexities associated with female child education in Zamfara State, Nigeria. It examines the contributions of community stakeholders in the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of universal basic education geared towards improving female child education. The paper purposively selected 100 respondents from some selected local communities. The study similarly adopts a mixed research methods to address research questions. The findings of the study reveal that through social networks, time, will power and personal agency community stakeholders can create awareness, provide learning materials, develop and manage infrastructures to improve female child education. The study concludes that community engagement in the co-production of female child education can improve enrolment, retention of female children in the formal schools. Thus, to enhance female child education, government at all levels should actively engage community stakeholders in all cycles of public policy and public services provision.

The Use of Intellectual Property Systems in Plant Breeding for Ensuring Deployment of Good Agricultural Practices

Breeding innovations are relevant for sustainable agricultural development and food security, as new, resilient production systems require crop varieties optimally suited for these systems. In the societal debate around genetic engineering and other plant breeding innovations, ownership of patents on the technology used in the hands of large companies is often seen as a reason that small breeding companies are denied opportunities for further improving varieties or that farmers are restricted in using such varieties. However, intellectual property (IP) systems may also be used as tools to ensure the use of good agricultural practices when cultivating the resulting varieties. This paper explores documented cases in which IP systems (plant variety rights, patents and brand names) are used to promote that innovative varieties are grown according to good agricultural practices (GAP). These include effective disease resistance management regimes in innovative crop varieties of potato in order to prevent or delay pathogens from overcoming disease resistance genes, management regimes for transgenic insect-resistant Bt or herbicide-tolerant crops to prevent the development of resistant pests or weeds, respectively. The results are discussed with respect to the influence of breeders on GAP measures through various forms of IP and the contribution and role of other stakeholders, authorities and society at large in stimulating and ensuring the use of GAP.