Contraceptive Acceptors Research Articles

Effective advice on contraceptive choices

Contraception is freely available in the UK from the NHS through pharmacies or private providers, such as Brook clinics. Despite wider societal acceptance of contraception, practical, psychological and social barriers remain to access for a range of groups. A first consultation to assess contraceptive needs will require a longer appointment as there are many issues to discuss alongside those pertaining directly to contraceptive use, such as emergency contraception, safeguarding and sexually transmitted infection risk. Health professionals must consider consent and confidentiality in any consultation and be aware of groups who are at higher risk of abuse, such as vulnerable adults and those from the LGBTQ+ community. This article discusses contraception use, and forms of available contraception in the UK, including common risks and benefits, barriers to accessing contraception and emergency contraception.

Association between Abortion and Acceptance of Post abortion Contraception

Post-abortion contraceptive uptake is essential in reproductive health, as it helps to identify women’s contraceptive needs, reduce unintended pregnancies and prevent subsequent abortions. Integrating abortion services with family planning counselling at all levels of health facilities can enhance contraceptive acceptance. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptance of various family planning methods following different abortion services over one year period, at a family planning center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. This study analyzed the women who participated in contraceptive counselling and accepted different types of contraceptives following different methods of first and second trimester abortions services. The study included women who received post-abortion contraceptive counselling and services, excluding those with termination beyond the second trimester or those seeking only postpartum contraceptive counselling or post-abortion care. It aimed to analyze the association between different methods of abortion and contraception acceptance post-abortion. Among 100 women who had spontaneous and induced abortions, 89% received post-abortion counselling and 75% accepted various types of contraception immediately after abortion. About one third of women were aged 25–29 years (30%), 99% were married, 40% were graduates and 48% were housewives. Abortion methods included medical abortion (62%), manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) (35%) and dilatation and evacuation (3%). Contraceptive acceptance rates were: short-acting reversible contraception (SARC) 60%, long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) 14%, and permanent methods 1%. Among medical abortion recipients, most chose SARC (43%) followed by LARC (4%). For those undergoing MVA, 16% chose SARC, and 9% chose LARC. Condoms were the most accepted SARC method (22%). The study demonstrated that post-abortion counseling significantly increases acceptance of various contraceptive methods, with SARC being the predominant choice, especially condoms among users.

Male contraceptive acceptability versus male acceptance of contraceptive responsibility.

Despite the projected impact of new male contraceptives, resources and investments directed at their development remain limited in part due to concerns that men would not actually use them. Now, more than 30 studies have been conducted over the last 30 years-regionally and internationally, within clinical trials, and across populations-examining men and women's attitudes towards new male contraceptive methods, all consistently demonstrating interest in and willingness to use new methods. Yet even these studies, inclusive of competitive contraceptive market projections, seem not to be convincing enough. Rather than study whether men would be willing to use male contraceptives, more resources should be devoted to developing the infrastructure and supporting the cultural changes needed to ensure that when new male contraceptives inevitably emerge, that they will be disseminated quickly and made readily accessible. Men's views on what their roles are in society, families, relationships, and pregnancy prevention are changing in ways that may impact what they consider to be acceptable contraceptive risks. As society moves toward more gender equitable beliefs, men's positive involvement in contraception might organically develop into an expected behavior. Interventions aimed at sensitizing men toward gender equitable beliefs may pay dividends in improving male contraceptive acceptability. The current lack of a reversible male contraceptive method prevents us from collecting data that might disprove presumptions that men would be unwilling to take on responsibility for pregnancy prevention. However, studies of men's involvement in (1) over-the-counter emergency contraception, (2) vasectomy, and (3) abortion offer case studies for men's increasing consciousness of opportunities for shared contraceptive responsibility, the structural and sociopolitical barriers that men face when trying to participate in family planning, and how these might translate into new male contraceptive interest and development.

PEMBERIAN SAYUR PEPAYA MUDA TERHADAP KELANCARAN ASI PADA IBU NIFAS

Midwifery care is a complete series of care by midwives covering the entire maternity period, from antenatal to intranatal to neonatal and postnatal including family planning contraceptive counseling. The administration of lactagogue, a substance known to help increase breast milk secretion and production, which is naturally found in papaya, is a widely adopted strategy to overcome the problem of low, or even worse, lack of breast milk production (BMP) in breastfeeding mothers. This study aims to provide comprehensive information on, from antenatal to intranatal to neonatal and postnatal by including family planning. The methods used are interviews, observations and implementation. The subject was Mrs. S who was given boiled young papaya to increase BMP during postpartum care at Hj. Hospital. Bunda Halimah Batam in 2024. The results of the examination given to Mrs. S did not show any significant problems during the antenatal and intranatal periods (which were spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD)), the weight of the newborn was within the normal range, postpartum care to increase BMP was also reported to be no problem, and the subject decided to become a contraceptive acceptor. In conclusion, which can be done independently, during antenatal, intranatal, neonatal, postnatal, and family planning counseling, no significant problems were found. As a suggestion, midwives are encouraged to implement standardized ones starting from antenatal care to contraceptive follow-up that can help monitor and anticipate possible problems or complications early on

Using Modern Contraception While Wanting a Child: What Does Contraceptive Over-Use Mean for the Human Rights-Based Approach in Burkina Faso? Insights from PMA2020 Data

(1) Background: Sustainable development goal 5.6 calls for “universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights” to fulfil sexual and reproductive practices. The capability approach helps refine the analysis of contraceptive use by going beyond the dichotomous view of contraceptive use as use/non-use to focus on women’s freedom to choose what they have good reason to value. Using the case of Burkina Faso, we probe more deeply into whether contraceptive use reflects real progress in women’s reproductive rights to realize the fertility projects they value. (2) Methods: We use PMA2020 data collected in Burkina Faso between December 2018 and January 2019. The survey included 3329 women with a participation rate of 97.7%. The PMA2020 female core questionnaire solicits information on fertility and contraceptive behavior, much like the DHS. We asked a series of specific questions about cognitive and psychosocial access relating to FP. We examined bivariate associations between our outcome measure “contraceptive behavior” and a set of independent variables. We also used logistic regression models to evaluate associations with endowments/conversion and capability factors and current functioning by focusing on overuse (i.e., use of contraceptives despite desiring pregnancy within the next 12 months). (3) Results: Women who said their ideal number of children was “up to God” had the highest level of overuse, which was also higher among women living in communities with medium acceptance of contraception and greater support for fertility. Women who have higher and middle levels of information tend to engage less in overuse than those with lower information levels. (4) Conclusions: We conclude that overuse (contraceptive use when desiring a child soon) may reveal a lack of rights, as it is associated with a lack of information about contraceptives and women’s inability to conceive an ideal number of children. Efforts should be made to enhance women’s level of contraceptive information.

Pengaruh Expressive Movement Music Therapy Dan Aromaterapi Lavender Terhadap Penururan Kecemasan Pada Wanita Akseptor KB Suntik

Intoduction: Injectable birth control is a way to prevent pregnancy that is given by injecting hormones into the body. Problems that often arise when using injectable birth control are weight gain, amenorrhea, and anxiety when getting an injection. To reduce anxiety, non-pharmacological therapy is carried out, namely Expressive Movement Music Therapy and Lavender Aromatherapy. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of Expressive Movement Music Therapy and Lavender Aromatherapy on reducing anxiety in women receiving birth control injections. This research used a Pre Experiment research design with an Intact-Group Comparisons design with purposive sampling, with 40 respondents being injectable contraceptive acceptors who were divided into 2 groups, namely the treatment group and the control group. Anxiety was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale-Anxiety (NRS-A) questionnaire, then data analysis was carried out using Mann Whitney because the data was not normally distributed. Result: The results of the study showed that there were differences in the anxiety levels of injectable contraceptive acceptors in the treatment group after being given the intervention with a p-value in the post-test for the treatment group of 0.000<0.05 and the mean post-test value being 2.20, which means that the average respondent experienced mild anxiety. Analysis using Mann Whitney obtained a p value = 0.00, which is <0.05, so there is a significant influence between Expressive Movement Music Therapy and Lavender Aromatherapy on reducing anxiety in women receiving birth control injections

Understanding factors affecting the acceptance of post-abortion contraception: A comprehensive analysis

To assess the proportion of post-abortion contraceptive acceptance and the determinant factors in the utilization of contraception. It is a prospective observational study done on 468 women who presented for abortion care in a tertiary care centre. Data were collected using a pre-structured questionnaire, counselled for contraceptive usage. The family planning method accepted was noted and followed up after one month. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and expressed in the form of frequency and percentages. In the present study, the magnitude of acceptance of post-abortion contraception was 73.08%. Most women were in the age group 21-30 years (62.82%), the majority belonged to lower socioeconomic status (43.16%), 78.62% were homemakers. Age of the women, education status, and history of the previous usage of contraception showed a positive association with acceptance of post-abortion contraception. The most accepted method was tubectomy (24.35%) followed by barrier contraception (20.51%). During follow-up after 1 month, 69.24% were willing to continue the same method and 5.1% opted for a change in the contraceptive method. The common determinant factors for not opting for post-abortion contraception were due to religious belief, partner opposition, fear of side effects of contraceptive methods and willingness to concieve again shortly. The proportion of post-abortion family planning utilization is good but could be improved. Education before and especially at the time of abortion strongly influenced the usage of family planning services especially in rural areas where the accessibility is comparatively low. Family planning counseling during the time of abortion plays an important role in accepting post-abortion family planning services. At all levels of health care, family planning counseling and services should be provided to those who come for abortion to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.

Acceptance of contraception in couples receiving contraceptive counselling in antenatal period.

Objective: To conduct research in order to determine the effect that antenatal counseling has on the use of contraception during the immediate postpartum period in the conservative society that exists in the rural areas surrounding Lahore, Pakistan. Study Design: Randomized Clinical Trial. Setting: Central Park Teaching Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Period: Jan, 2022 to April, 2022. Methods: A random selection was used to divide 400 antenatal patients who were at least 28 weeks along in their pregnancies into two groups. Patients who did not receive antenatal counseling regarding birth control options were included in Group X while patients who received antenatal counseling regarding the use of birth control were included in Group Y. A pre-designed proforma was completed following a written informed consent. Data was analyzed using SPSS 26. Results: Data was collected from 400 females (200 in each group) who visited CPTH. The mean age of the female participants was 27.26 + 4.78 years. Most of the participants lived in extended family systems. Nearly one third of the females was illiterate or has primary level of education. Approximately one-fourth of the females were graduated or above. After first pregnancy, 68% in group I and 86% in group II mentioned that they used contraceptive method, (p = 0.005, statistically significant). After second and fifth pregnancy, effect of counseling was affective and difference was statistically significant. The most common contraceptive method was barrier method followed by injection after first and second pregnancy. Conclusion: Antenatal contraceptive counseling proves to be a highly effective intervention in enhancing the acceptance and utilization of contraceptives within the conservative societies of Pakistan. Health care providers ought to undergo comprehensive training and exhibit unwavering motivation in order to effectively engage in antenatal contraceptive counseling.

Assessment of women perception and attitude towards contraception in Gadaka Town, Fika Local Government Area, Yobe State of Nigeria.

Contraception has become a major strategy of population control both at the national and global level, yet population growth in Nigeria remains high especially in rural areas due to partly lack of adequate knowledge and poor perception about the need to utilize contraception methods. The aim and objectives of this study is to assess the attitude and perception of women toward contraception in Gadaka town, to identify the distance covered in accessing contraception services, to assess the level of women education toward contraception. The study seeks to examine the perception of women and attitude toward contraception in Gadaka town. The study adopted qualitative approach which includes a survey of 100 randomly selected women from the community; the qualitative data were analyzed using contents analysis. The findings reveal that majority of the women interviewed are aware of contraception, the level of practices is higher especially among the educated women and this implies the positive among the education and practices of contraception. The distance covered in accessing contraception services as shown in table indicated that 20 respondents representing 40% are closed to the health center less than (one) 1 km and 13 respondents 26% 1 to 2 km close to the contraception centres. The study also reveals that women perceived contraception as a welcomed strategy to control population and make mother's healthy and strong after child birth. The conclusion to be drawn from this study is, however that of acceptance of contraception that education plays vital role in the perception of women and attitude toward contraception. Finally, to change a society like this with depth of poverty, certain guidelines should be followed to bring about awareness of contraception among the people and reconstruct their attitudes towards birth control programme

Relationship between the duration of injectable contraceptive Depo Medroxy Progesterone Acetat (DMPA) With the Occurrence of Amenorrhea in Family Planning Acceptors at the Pratama Delima Rahayu Clinic, Sragen

Amenorrhea is a condition where a person does not experience menstruation for 3 to 6 months in a row. This research aims to analyze the relationship between length of use of injectable contraceptives Depo Medroxy Progesterone Acetat (DMPA) with the occurrence of amenorrhea in family planning acceptors at the Pratama Delima Rahayu Clinic, Sragen Indonesia. This type of analytical survey research uses a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique for this research is to use a total sampling technique, namely the entire population. The results of the research show that the length of use of the Depo Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA) contraceptive injection has a significant relationship with the occurrence of amenorrhea in contraceptive acceptors at the Pratama Delima Rahayu Sragen Clinic with a probability value of 0.001 < 0.05. The conclusion from this research is that the longer you use DMPA injection contraceptives, the longer you will experience menstrual disorders, one of which is amenorrhea.

Effects of family planning counselling and media messages on contraceptives use by Nigerian men: Evidence from the Nigeria demographic and health survey.

Generally, man plays a more significant role in population health in developing countries like Nigeria, as most of them show no interest in contraceptive use. Hence, to achieve the desired population control in a developing country like Nigeria, men must step up the modern use of contraceptives. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of family planning counselling and media messages about reproductive health on men's acceptance of contraceptives. Precisely, the study sought to determine if the use of counselling and radio messages on family planning could enhance the acceptance of contraceptive usage among men in developing countries like Nigeria. The researchers sourced the data for the study from the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2018 and used the Logit regression method for the data analysis. Results from the analysis showed that counselling at health facilities and radio messages on modern contraceptive use have positive and significant effects on men's acceptance of contraceptives. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the best way to increase contraceptive use among men in Nigeria and some other developing countries is to compel pregnant women attending antenatal care services to come with their husbands to the health facility once a month, during which the men could be counselled on the importance of modern contraceptives usage.

Knowledge and utilization of family planning services among tertiary students in Northern Ghana: The case of College of Nursing and Midwifery, Nalerigu.

Though tertiary students studying health-related programs are assumed knowledgeable about family planning, this does not always translate to increased use of family planning services. In a cross-sectional survey, this study assessed 411 nursing, midwifery and allied health students' knowledge of family planning, contraceptive use, perceptions, and factors affecting the utilisation of family planning services. Each student completed a 24-itemised questionnaire in a Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing Survey. The data was analysed with Stata /IC version 16. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Overall knowledge of family planning was 99.7%, commonly gained in school (51.8%), followed by clinics and hospitals (41.4%). Only 21.7% of the students used family planning services. Menstrual cramps (57.9%), infertility (33.1%), and weight gain (32.5%) were the commonly perceived side effects of contraceptive use. The high proximity of participants to family planning service providers and lack of community, family, and partner acceptance of modern contraceptives were associated with underutilisation. Despite the high level of knowledge of family planning, the student's utilisation of family planning services was poor. To boost family planning service uptake among tertiary health students, it is essential to tackle barriers related to community, family, and partner acceptance. This can be achieved through educational programs that involve men in family planning discussions and by enhancing service accessibility.

Contraceptive methods continuation and its determinants among acceptors on repeat visits to a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital: a 10-year review

Background: Family planning is a known reproductive health modality for reducing the high maternal mortality in Nigeria. Contraceptive use and continuation is thus necessary to achieve its benefits. The study aimed to determine the contraceptive options and the factors associated with the continuation of contraceptive choices among women on repeat visits. Methods: This was a 10-year retrospective study of the family planning clinic register of all clients who presented for a repeat visit for contraceptive method continuation at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. Results: There were 6939 contraceptive acceptors on repeat visits aged between 14 and 50 years (mean 31.6 years, SD 5.4). The majority were 26 to 30 years (32.9%), had secondary education (54.6%), were multiparous (90.9%) and chose the subdermal implant (34.9%) and the intrauterine contraceptive devices (27.7%) for continuation. There was a significant association between the women`s age (Df=3, F=10.81, p&lt;0.0001), their educational status (Df=6, Χ2=38.5583, p&lt;0.0001), their parity (Df= 15, Χ2 =76.8644, p&lt;0.0001) and the contraceptive method continued. Conclusions: An interest in long-acting reversible contraceptives for continuation was found, and this is significantly associated with their sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics; however, we recommend cross-sectional and focus-group inquiries among clients in the different contraceptive-specific categories for further information on the reasons for their choices at subsequent visits.

Hubungan Lama Pemakaian Alat Kontrasepsi Suntik 3 Bulan Dengan Gangguan Menstruasi Pada Akseptor KB Suntik 3 Bulan di Puskesmas Melak Kalimantan Timur Tahun 2023

Three month injectable birth control is an alternative used to prevent pregnancy by releasing the hormone progestin into the blood vessels which works by stopping the release of egg cells into the uterus, thus preventing the fertilization process from occurring. Menstrual changes experienced by women taking DepoProvera begin in the form of unpredictable irregular bleeding and spotting that lasts for seven days or more or heavy bleeding during the first few months of Depo-Provera use. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the length of use of 3-month injectable contraceptives and menstrual disorders in 3-month injectable contraceptive acceptors at the Melak District Health Center. West Kutai, East Kalimantan in 2023.he type of research carried out was Descriptive Analytical with a cross sectional approach, the sample in the study was 35 people using a Random Sampling System. The data collected in the research is primary data, namely data obtained directly from respondents. The data analysis used is chi square The results of the tabulation research show a relationship between the duration of using injectable contraceptives for 3 months and menstrual disorders in 3-month injectable contraceptive acceptors at the Melak District Health Center. West Kutai, East Kalimantan in 2023 with a p-value = 0.049. So Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is a relationship between the length of use of 3-month injectable contraceptives and menstrual disorders in 3-month injectable contraceptive acceptors at the Melak District Health Center. West Kutai, East Kalimantan in 2023. Conclusion: Family planning acceptors can choose the right contraceptive method. Family planning acceptors can tell midwives or health workers about the various types of contraceptives before choosing the contraceptive method. Always monitor changes in side effects so that if there are complaints they can be addressed immediately.

IJCM_90A: Knowledge about newer contraceptives among health care personnel working in primary health centres in north coastal district of Andhra Pradesh- a Cross sectional analytical study

Background: According to NFHS -5 the contraceptive prevalence rate has 67%. The unmet need for contraception is two-pronged: a spacing method and a permanent method. A Newer Oral contraceptive pill Chhaya is suitable for both of these purposes. Another newer injectable contraceptive available as Antara. Both are having less side effects. Government of India supplies free of cost. But its current acceptance rates are lower than expected. Health Care Personnel are the key persons to educate, promote and create awareness on contraceptive acceptance in the community especially, Eligible Couple. Hence this study was conducted to assess the knowledge of grassroot level of Health Care Personnel. Objectives: 1. To assess the knowledge of field Health Care Personnel on Newer Contraceptives. 2. To compare the knowledge among Health Care Personnel in Urban and Rural PHCs. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 100 Health care personnel (5 Urban &amp; 5 Rural PHCs) of North coastal district, Andhra Pradesh during November 2023 by simple random sampling with prevalence 50% and with allowable error 10%. Those who are willing, included in the study after taking written informed consent. Knowledge was categorized as Poor, Fair, Good. Data was collected by using pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS 21. Prior approval from institutional educational committee was obtained. Results: Mean age of study population is 38 ± 17 years. Mean service was 8.4 ± 9 years. 72% of study population were =10th standard.39.8% of the health care personnel have fair knowledge and 60.2% of health care personnel have poor knowledge on newer contraceptives. Fair Knowledge was more among urban study subjects. Conclusion: Knowledge about contraceptive was inadequate in majority of health care personnel. It should be enhanced by conducting scrupulous training programs.

Family and facility care variables attributing to postnatal depression among women in two tribal-dominated districts of Odisha: Log model analysis to suggest intervention.

It is a proven fact that women are affected by poor mental health predominantly in the postnatal period. This is authenticated by the use of a validated and tested Edinburg Postnatal Depression scale (EPNS), which is a simple tool to measure depression among women after delivery by posing 10 questions and this is also validated in Odia language. Odisha has made laudable progress in delivering Maternal and Child Health care to women even in tribal-dominated districts through its robust Comprehensive Obstetrics care network restricting home delivery almost to a mere 4%-5% and reducing maternal deaths by 60%-70% as per the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). As a part of an Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) extramural project to enhance contraceptive acceptance among males in districts that had a total fertility rate (TFR) higher than 3, a qualitative objective to measure mean postnatal depression in the early postpartum period (who are also the target to advocate contraceptive acceptance) was undertaken. A secondary objective was to compare family care vs. facility care as greater attributing factors for higher EPNS scores. Due to time constraints, the study was done on a fast-track mode wherein two villages each from the sampled blocks of Koraput and Boudh (with one of the highest birth rates) were selected. All women in villages who had a baby aged between 1 and 6 months, were the sampling frame and only those were selected who consented. A questionnaire was used that elicited information on familial sociodemographic details and also facility-based antenatal care (ANC) and postdelivery services that were availed for the last-born child. General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) scores were used as an independent variable and a proxy measure of cumulative familial stress. Descriptives and log regression were used to measure the odds of family vs. facility-based services. A total of 98 women, 50 from Boudh and 48 from Koraput, participated in the study. Koraput's mean EPNS scores were 6 points higher than Boudh indicating much higher postnatal poor mental health. Log models showed that there was no difference between facility-based care in both districts as both reported 96%-97.3% institutional delivery, with out-of-pocket expenditure (OOP) being less than 520 Indian rupees on average and nearly 100% reported receipt of iron folic acid and calcium as well as streamlined Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) services. However, the odds of men's participation in Family planning was 2.77 times less in Koraput (SD = 2.582), fourth birth order 1.33 odds, and female gender 5.66 odds higher for the district as a result of which GHQ 12 score mean was 21.00 (CI: 19.18-22.82) hinting very high psychological stress as compared with Boudh where the mean was 17 (CI: 14.59-19.41). This clearly indicates that a robust healthcare delivery alone will not be able to address the holistic health of women in the childbearing age group. Familial stressors compound poor mental health and hence counseling of the family as a whole is necessary to achieve sound mental health in women in the postnatal period. The spousal role is emerging as a strong determinant, especially in terms of nonacceptance or casual approach to contraceptive use. Interestingly, a skewed gender bias is noted for the female child, which is also a contributor to postnatal depression (PND) in both districts, though a bigger sample would be needed to statistically prove it.

A knowledge, attitude and practices based study to know the awareness and acceptance of contraceptive methods in married couples coming to well-baby clinic of a tertiary care centre in Panvel, Maharashtra, India

Background: Family planning plays a major role in improving the financial, nutritional, educational, social well-being of a family as a unit. To study the level of knowledge, attitude and practices of various family planning methods in eligible couples. Methods: Prospective Qualitative study was carried out from June 2021 - December 2022 on data of 180 eligible couples selected randomly from Well-Baby Clinic, collected through pretested and validated standardized questionnaire. Sample size was estimated scientifically. Results were arrived by descriptive statistical tests and correlational statistics using software’s like excel, SPSS. Results: The level of knowledge of contraceptive methods was 89.44% for OC pills, 67.08% depot medroxyprogesterone, 97.22% condoms, 84.03%, IUCD, 93.56% for female and 98.04% for male sterilization. Overall acceptance of any type of contraception was 55%, most commonly used method being condoms i.e.78.49%, OC pills 12.90%, IUCD 6.35%, depot 1.37% and 45% were using natural methods. Major factors affecting acceptance were desire to have more children, hesitancy to seek, lack of knowledge, decision making power of a woman in the family. Conclusions: Since our research finds contraceptive acceptance at 55% much lower than state average, we look into components of gender dynamics and offer array of choices to couples so that a well informed choice free of gender bias is taken. Continuity of personalized and dignified couple counseling from preconceptional, antenatal to postnatal period is emphasized to increase contraceptive acceptance. We recommend well baby clinics as effective point of delivery for family welfare activities using gender sensitive cafe-teria approach.

Use of 3-Month Injectable Contraception and Its Relationship with Weight Gain and Hypertension

Introduction: Contraception is an attempt to delay pregnancy, this effort can also be temporary or permanent. Weight gain is often caused by excessive food intake, lack of physical activity, genetics, drugs and use of birth control/hormonal injections. Hypertension is also a manifestation of disturbances in the hemodynamic balance of the cardiovascular system. Objective: To determine the relationship between the use of 3-month injectable birth control contraception with weight gain and the incidence of hypertension at the Curug Village Health Center in Curug Village in 2022. Method: This research uses a quantitative type of research, the research design used is cross-sectional. The population in this study was 568 3-month injectable contraceptive acceptors. The sample was taken using purposive sampling with the criteria of mothers using 3-month KB injectable contraception totaling 95 respondents. The research instruments used medical records and observation sheets, scales and sphygmomanometeir. This research uses chi-square test data analysis. Results: Based on the results of the chi-square test, weight gain with 3-month contraceptive injections showed a p-value of 0.037 (p&lt;0.05). The incidence of hypertension with injectable contraceptives was found to have a p-value of 0.008 (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the use of injectable birth control contraception and body weight. There is a relationship between the incidence of hypertension and the use of 3-month injectable birth control contraception. The use of 3-month injectable birth control contraception can affect weight gain and the incidence of hypertension, especially in birth control acceptors who use it for more than one year.

Acceptability of Hormonal Contraceptives as a Smoking Cessation Aid for Women of Reproductive Age: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.

Cigarette smoking is the most common cause of preventable cancers and other premature morbidity and mortality. Modifying hormonal patterns using hormonal contraceptives (HCs) may lead to improved smoking cessation outcomes in women, though the acceptability of this is unknown. Therefore, we explored the willingness of reproductive-age women who smoke to use HC for cessation. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with a convenience sample of reproductive-age women living in the United States who self-reported smoking combustible cigarettes. Questions covered smoking history, previous HC use, and willingness to use various HC methods (i.e., injectable, oral, patch, vaginal insert) for cessation. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression were conducted using StataBE 17.1. Of 358 eligible respondents, n = 312 (86.9%) reported previous HC use. Average age of those with HC use history was 32.1 ± 6.1 years compared with 27.8 ± 6.7 years for those without history of HC use (p = 0.001). Of respondents who reported previous HC use, 75.6% reported willingness to use HCs, compared with 60.9% of those without a history of HC use. Overall, willingness to use various types of HC ranged from 22.6% for the vaginal insert to 59.2% willing to use an oral contraceptive. These observations indicate that most women who smoke cigarettes are willing to use HC for a smoking cessation aid, especially if they have a history of HC use and with an oral form of HC. To improve the rate of smoking cessation for women of reproductive age, future interventions should explore how to incorporate HC for cessation.

Qualitative study on stigma as a barrier to emergency contraceptive pill use among university students in the Lango subregion, Uganda

ObjectiveThe aim of the current study was twofold: to understand the nature and extent of stigma and to learn the reasons behind the decision not to use emergency contraceptive pills...