Context Layer Research Articles

The Book of the Desert

This article proposes an analysis of the Book of the Desert (Kitāb al-Bādiya), a nineteenth-century legal treatise composed by Muḥammad al-Māmī (d. 1282/1865), a Muslim scholar from the Tiris desert in present-day Mauritania. Al-Māmī’s text reflects on the adaptation of sharia—the religious law of Islam—to the needs of pastoral populations in the Saharan West. How to embrace a normative system seemingly incompatible with nomadic life, given that it presupposes a state governed by an Islamic ruler (imām) and considers the city the natural environment of legal institutions? Challenging the narratives of center-periphery and the so-called post-classical “decline” that continue to structure the field of Islamic intellectual history, the article explores the different contextual layers of al-Māmī’s reasoning. He was a religious notable deeply involved in power struggles between nomadic groups and a fervent supporter of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century jihad movements in West Africa. But he was also a jurist of the Maliki school, who approached his society from the perspective of Islamic legal thought, and a Bedouin preoccupied with the legal and religious implications of the cultural gulf between his world and that of the towns.

Analysis of the Role of Augmented Reality in Bringing Works of Art to Digital Spaces

Augmented Reality (AR) has become increasingly popular in the art world as a medium for bringing traditional works of art into the digital space. This research aims to analyze the role played by AR technology in the process of transforming works of art from the physical environment into the digital domain. This approach pays attention to the technical aspects, aesthetics and cultural impact of applying AR in digital art exhibitions. This research method involves literature analysis, case studies of various art exhibitions that use AR, and interviews with artists, curators, and exhibition visitors. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically to identify emerging patterns and trends in the use of AR in artistic contexts. The research results show that AR has great potential to enrich the visitor experience in digital art exhibitions by providing interactive and contextual layers that cannot be accessed through conventional mediums. Additionally, AR can also act as a tool to convey additional narratives, broaden the interpretation of works of art, and increase visitor participation in the creative process. The research also identified several technical and conceptual challenges associated with the use of AR in art, including issues of technological sustainability, accessibility, and artwork integrity. Nonetheless, overall, this research highlights the great potential of AR in bringing works of art into digital spaces and provides valuable insights for the future development of digital art exhibitions.

Ideology and practice of planning fundamental research in the USSR (1920-1930)

Analysis of government regulation of the academic sphere in the USSR is a highly relevant area of research, enabling identification of the positive and negative aspects of the Soviet scientific model. The purpose of the study is to identify the main patterns of the transition to directive planning of academic science in the RSFSR/USSR in the 1920s - 1930s. In the context of this transformation of Soviet academic science, it is important to consider not only the institutional decisions of the authorities, but also the socio-psychological, as well as ideological motives that determined this transformation, which influenced the operation of the scientific community. This task methodologically required an interdisciplinary approach to its solution. This analysis is at the intersection of several related areas of research: history of science, science studies, and history of economics. The work employed comparative-historical, historical-cultural, and statistical methods to identify significant patterns of the phenomenon being studied. Methodologically, this is close to source studies and semiotic analysis. Concepts formed and institutionalized in the paradigm of directive planning of basic science - “scientist”, “thematic plan”, “thematic development”, “research plant” - form a contextual layer. The planning of basic science was conceived by its ideologists as a product of the industrial world. But, paradoxically, the ideology and methodology of directive planning implanted in theoretical science gave the opposite results - epistemological apathy of scientists, reduction, if not extinction, of huge areas of research activities. The state's attempt to adapt basic science to address strictly applied problems of industrialization ultimately resulted in a mere semblance of “planned science”. However, the internal compensation mechanisms of self-organization of the scientific community turned out to be quite effective in a long-term perspective, even under the conditions of “directive planning”. The conducted historical analysis allows us to draw significant conclusions in the context of the formation of Russian scientific policy at the present stage.

Deep parallel contextual analysis framework based emotion prediction in community wellness communications on social media

Understanding public emotion on social media about community wellness is crucial for enhancing health awareness and guiding policy-making. In order to more fully mine the deep contextual semantical information of short texts and further enhance the effectiveness of emotion prediction in social media, we propose the Deep Parallel Contextual Analysis Framework (DPCAF) in the community wellness domain, specifically addressing the challenges of limited text length and available semantical features in social media text. Specifically, at the embedding layer, we first utilize two different word embedding techniques to generate high-quality vector representations, aiming to achieve more comprehensive semantical capture, stronger generalization ability, and more robust model performance. Subsequently, in the deep contextual layer, the obtained representations are fused with POS and locational representations, and processed through a deep parallel layer composed of Convolutional Neural Networks and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Network. An attention model is then used to further extract semantical features of social media texts. Finally, these deep parallel contextual representations are post-integrated for emotion prediction. Experiments on a dataset collected from social media regarding community wellness demonstrate that compared to benchmark models, DPCAF achieves at least a 4.81 % increase in Precision, a 3.44 % increase in Recall, and a 10.81 % increase in F1-score. Relative to the most advanced models, DPCAF shows a minimum improvement of 2.65 % in Precision, 3.02 % in Recall, and 2.53 % in F1-score.

Uncovering prospective teachers’ sense of moral agency within a multi-layered framework: an integrative grounded theory approach

ABSTRACT Using an integrative grounded theory design, this study investigated prospective teachers’ moral perceptions, emotions, behavioral intentions, and reasons for their moral behavioral intentions concerning their future teaching to uncover whether prospective teachers’ sense of moral agency would be explained within a multi-layered framework. The data were collected through semi-structured focus-group interviews with 40 conveniently sampled prospective teachers. The results revealed that prospective teachers’ sense of moral agency encompassed perceptual (i.e. moral perceptions, emotions, behavioral intentions, and reasons for moral behavioral intentions), regulatory (i.e. prescriptive and proscriptive moral regulation systems), and contextual layers (i.e. personal, interpersonal, and social contexts). Theoretical and practical implications were also discussed in the study.

Short and Locked Down: The Impact of COVID-19 on a Person With Dwarfism

Living with a visible physical disability—specifically dwarfism—brings situational, psychosocial, and cultural challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic, and its restrictions, amplifies these dwarfism-related complexities, exposing the politics of visibility and exclusion, as well as spatial injustices. This autoethnographic paper deliberates these heightened disabling encounters in their various contextual layers—physical, social, and psychological. Fundamentally, people with dwarfism have become further disabled and disadvantaged because of the pandemic’s psychosocial stresses, contextual traumas, and physical exclusions. The paper intimately addresses the embodied, psychological, cultural, and spatial inequalities short-statured individuals endure because of the pandemic. Drawing on theoretical models of disability, critical disability literature, geographies of disability, as well as the conceptual paradigm of biopolitical power, the paper begins to make sense of these experiences so that shifts may occur in different spaces. Arguably, the experiences of COVID-19 that are shared here are also applicable to people with other disabilities.

Critique of Cultural Populism: An Overview of Reflections on the Western Analytical Thought

The postmodern age, which, like the age of contemporary art, is considered by most analysts to have started in the period after Second World War, can be viewed as an umbrella term that encompasses many competing paradigmatic stratagems and diatribe definitions, including the terminologically instable definitions of“postmodernism,” “post-postmodernism,” “metamodernism,” which some critics prefer to consider “high,” “late,” “distorted,” “pseudo-modernism” or “digi-modernism.” In the process of this ongoing discussion, society is periodically informed about the “death” or “end” of art and art criticism. In this context of raging discourses that openly compete with each other, there is one rather significant contextual layer related to the critique of cultural populism, the subject of which is the confrontation between two social constructs: democracy and biopower. The acuteness of the discussion is amplified by the situation of almost total crisis of the modern cultural activity, in particular, of the neoliberal visual practices, which since the millennium have come under the strict patronage of the transnational art business, whose creative projects are corrected by market and benchmarking policies. The latter has completely supplanted/replaced the politics of aesthetics, so all this has a negative impact on the current development of global art, calling into question the future of the national image of Ukraine, which can be annihilated in the “post-ethnic” substratum of global public art. Therefore, in the difficult conditions of resistance to the Russian invasion, Ukrainian humanities and art must thoroughly study this huge cluster of problems, in particular in the context presented by Western European analytical thought, in order to strengthen its own self-identification potential of the cultural and artistic narrative, offering the West its own position and vision of creative liberation activity from the manipulative pressure of the culture industry.

Reprint of: Why, how, and when divergent perceptions become dysfunctional in organizations: A motivated cognition perspective

Decades of research has demonstrated that people can arrive at starkly different perceptions in the same social situations. Divergent perceptions are not inherently dysfunctional. However, if divergent perceptions are not managed effectively, they can have deleterious effects that can undermine functioning in the workplace. Drawing on a motivated cognition perspective, we outline why divergent perceptions may emerge as well as overview the benefits and drawbacks of divergent perceptions in organizational contexts. Next, we highlight the complexities associated with divergent perceptions in the workplace, including why, how, and when divergent perceptions may become dysfunctional. We also showcase theoretical insights from a motivated cognition perspective that can enhance our understanding of how divergent perceptions can be effectively managed. We conclude by outlining key theoretical insights and avenues for future research, including how organizations can use a motivated cognition perspective to manage divergent perceptions related to complex societal issues and issuing a call to adopt a systems approach that recognizes the importance of contextual layers for understanding and effectively managing divergent perceptions in organizations.

Challenges for Teachers Working in Mainstream Schools with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students in Chile: Two Case Studies

Recently, Chile has experienced a significant increase in linguistically and culturally diverse immigrants from Haiti. However, little is known about how Chilean teachers cope with this issue. Using Haworth’s (2009) model of contextual layers of teachers’ work as a conceptual lens, this article reports the findings from two case studies. Findings show that participants often struggled to teach their culturally and linguistically diverse students. These difficulties were attributed to teachers’ low levels of professional preparedness to work with these students and limited in-school support. The article offers several implications for different stakeholders.

Sustainable Careers in Nursing: Focusing on Health, Happiness and Productivity

The purpose of this symposium is to illustrate factors resided on a personal and contextual level that effect the sustainability of a career in the nursing profession. Based on a systematic literature review, a quantitative and two qualitative empirical examinations, the papers refer to the individual level, the work-family intersection, the team and organizational context as well as the institutional context. The opening paper, Proactive Personality, Recovery Experiences, Stress and Turnover Intention of Registered Nurses, will provide insights about workplace demands and the role of proactive behavior on perceived stress of registered nurses based on a quantitative survey. The second paper, a qualitative study entitled “Who is On-Call to Take Care of my Kids?”: The Country and Occupation Contexts Enabling Informal Childcare and Nursing Careers, will explore the way in which nurses with little children manage their work-family balance. The third paper will be a qualitative study on Organizational Resources for Sustainable Careers in Nursing. The final paper Uniformity along the Way: A Scoping Review on basic Structures of Nursing Education in OECD Countries illustrates similarities and differences in nursing education based on a literature review. Altogether, the four papers aim to address a rich variety of individual and contextual layers for sustainable careers in nursing, and after the presentations our discussant is going to reflect on those and will come up with ideas for connecting the insights. Proactive Personality, Recovery Experiences, Stress, and Turnover Intention of Registered Nurses Presenter: Christine Brown Mahoney; Minnesota State U., Mankato Presenter: Marilyn L Fox; Minnesota State U. The Country and Occupation Contexts Enabling Informal Childcare and Nursing Careers Presenter: Wee Chan Au; Newcastle U. Business School Presenter: Melika Shirmohammadi; U. of Houston Presenter: Mina Beigi; Southampton Business School, U. of Southampton Organizational Resources for Sustainable Careers in Nursing Presenter: Markus Latzke; IMC Krems Presenter: Beatrice Van Der Heijden; Radboud U. Nijmegen Presenter: Harald Stummer; UMIT Tirol Presenter: Stephanie Kainrath; UMIT Tirol Uniformity Along the Way: Scoping Review on Basic Structures of Nursing Education in OECD Countries Presenter: Julia Van Kraaij; Radboud U. Medical Center Presenter: Hester Vermeulen; Spaarne Gasthuis Academy Presenter: Catharina Van Oostveen; Erasmus U. Rotterdam

Self-selection from higher education: a meta-review of resources for academic decision-making of mainstream and underrepresented students

ABSTRACT Self-selection refers to the decision of qualified students to not pursue their highest possible educational degree, including higher education. In this systematic meta-review, we used the conceptual framework of college choice to identify resources or mechanisms for students’ self-selection from higher education in international reviews and meta-analyses. In addition, we investigate whether underrepresented student groups (i.e., first-generation and cultural minority) experience unique resources and mechanisms for self-selection. Our narrative synthesis of international reviews and meta-analyses indicated that self-selection is related to financial, informational, social, aspirational resources in all contextual layers (i.e. individual habitus, school and community, higher education, socio-political context) of the conceptual framework of college choice. Whereas the family can help prevent self-selection by providing all four types of resources, school and higher education institutions can provide important information and social support through counselling and mentoring activities. For underrepresented groups, vertical and horizontal transmissions of social capital and experienced personal fit with the higher education environment may be of special importance for preventing self-selection. We conclude by discussing the potential of self-selection as concept for future interventions and research on widening access to higher education.

Looking Back and Looking Around: How Athletes, Parents and Coaches See Psychosocial Development in Adolescent Performance Sport.

Sport has the potential to support psychosocial development in young people. However, extant studies have tended to evaluate purpose-built interventions, leaving regular organised sport relatively overlooked. Moreover, previous work has tended to concentrated on a narrow range of outcomes. To address these gaps, we conducted a season-long ethnography of a youth performance sport club based on a novel Realist Evaluation approach. We construed the club as a social intervention within a complex system of agents and structures. The results are published in this special issue as a two-part series. In this first paper, we detail the perceptions of former and current club parents, players and coaches, using them to build a set of programme theories. The resulting network of outcomes (i.e., self, emotional, social, moral and cognitive) and generative mechanisms (i.e., the attention factory, the greenhouse for growth, the personal boost and the real-life simulator), spanning across multiple contextual layers, provides a nuanced understanding of stakeholders’ views and experiences. This textured perspective of the multi-faceted process of development provides new insights for administrators, coaches and parents to maximise the developmental properties of youth sport, and signposts new avenues for research in this area.

The Cultural Variance Model of Organizational Shame and its Implications on Health and Well‐Being1

AbstractDrawing on various studies, we provide a holistic view incorporating different nested cultural contexts, organizational shame, and health outcomes. We introduce the concept of organizational shame and explain its two key domains: conformity and status/competition. Then, we comprehensively review prior studies on cultural approaches to shame and propose our cultural variance model of organizational shame. Our model illustrates an equilibrium, exhibiting dominant and stable patterns of shame domains formed by reinforcing relationships among three key nested contextual layers: individuals (workers), organizations (firms), and the labor market. We apply our model to discuss general and occupational implications and outline future research directions. Thus, we hope to conceptualize organizational shame within the dynamic contexts of organizations and cultures.

Why, how, and when divergent perceptions become dysfunctional in organizations: A Motivated cognition perspective

Decades of research has demonstrated that people can arrive at starkly different perceptions in the same social situations. Divergent perceptions are not inherently dysfunctional. However, if divergent perceptions are not managed effectively, they can have deleterious effects that can undermine functioning in the workplace. Drawing on a motivated cognition perspective, we outline why divergent perceptions may emerge as well as overview the benefits and drawbacks of divergent perceptions in organizational contexts. Next, we highlight the complexities associated with divergent perceptions in the workplace, including why, how, and when divergent perceptions may become dysfunctional. We also showcase theoretical insights from a motivated cognition perspective that can enhance our understanding of how divergent perceptions can be effectively managed. We conclude by outlining key theoretical insights and avenues for future research, including how organizations can use a motivated cognition perspective to manage divergent perceptions related to complex societal issues and issuing a call to adopt a systems approach that recognizes the importance of contextual layers for understanding and effectively managing divergent perceptions in organizations.

Transforming physical education: an analysis of context and resources that support curriculum transformation and enactment

ABSTRACTBackground: This paper presents a counter-narrative to the long-held belief that Physical Education (PE) is impermeable to change. Transforming and enacting curriculum is incredibly challenging and sometimes impossible but if teachers have particular resources available to them over time, this makes ‘radical reform more, rather than less likely’ [Kirk, D. 2009. Physical Education Futures. London: Routledge].Purpose: This paper addresses the on-going and pervasive issue of sustainable curriculum transformation and enactment in PE. More specifically, the purpose of this research is to examine the source, nature and purpose of resources that made curriculum transformation and enactment possible in one school.Data collection and analysis: As part of an exemplary case study, 7 Secondary PE teachers and one Principal from an Australian Secondary school engaged in the process of curriculum transformation and enactment. Data consisted of semi-structured individuals (3) and paired interviews (6) and field notes. We drew upon the notion of ‘contextual dimensions’ and ‘activity layers’ to support the analysis. Findings suggest that the teachers were supported by resources that spanned different contextual dimensions (situated, material, external contexts and professional culture) and layers of activity. The most valued resources identified by the teachers were (i) structural and networked support; (ii) sustained leadership; (iii) a clear vision for PE in their school; (iv) professional learning; (v) time.Conclusion: The findings suggest that while changes in policy do not necessarily prompt change in practice, particular kinds of policy are necessary if the change is to be viewed as possible and worthwhile by teachers. In this study, a layered policy landscape acted as a catalyst for the teachers to reimagine what PE could look like in their school. Moving from vision to action, it was the interplay of resources across the contextual dimensions and activity layers that the teachers drew on to support curriculum transformation and enactment.

Satu Data Indonesia in Sectoral Statistics: Concept of Satu Data Metadata Framework (SDMF)

Satu Data Indonesia is a policy contrive to encourage the problem of inadequate data governance in Indonesia. This policy makes 4 main principles, namely metadata, data standards, reference codes, and interoperability as metrics of success in its implementation. In this study, we analyze the satu data Indonesia implementation in Kutai Timur Regency. We found that the integration of the satu data principle is challenging to apply technically because sectoral data in Indonesia has 2 characteristics based on the preparation of the list of data needs, namely the centralized data list, and the decentralized data list. Decentralized data list is a list of data that is partially prepared in each agency without any coordination with other stakeholders for completing the satu data principles. To accommodating this condition, we design the Satu Data Metadata Framework (SDMF) a data standard framework that is in accordance with the conditions of data governance in Indonesia. SDMF utilizes contextual layer and discovery layer of metadata to provide temporal attribute called Satu Data Resource Identifier (SDRI) for integration purpose

Local Data Journalism in Germany: Data-driven Reporting Amidst Local Communities and Authorities

ABSTRACT This study explores data journalism within local and regional news organisations in Germany. Findings were drawn from nine semi-structured in-depth interviews with journalists working with local and regional dailies. Weischenberg’s model of contextual layers of journalism provides theoretical underpinnings to capture normative, structural, and functional insights as well as data journalists’ role conceptions. Results show that viable data is scarce at a local level and data journalists actively seek to maintain good relationships with local authorities to be granted access to data. The practice of data journalism at the local level depends on a few data journalism advocates who institutionalise the practice in their local newsrooms and take training on their own initiative. Local data journalists face similar constraints to their colleagues working for national organisations. Data-driven newswork is carried out in addition to regular duties, and collaboration with specialist correspondents who work on-site is widely reported. We find that the combination of traditional shoe-leather epistemologies of on-site reporting with data-driven practices can add to the independence and neutrality of local journalism.

An Aging Nursing Workforce: Thematic Analysis from the Nurstory Project

Background: Nursing in the United States of America is an aging workforce. This study sought to better understand the lived experience of aging nurses. Because nurses work in systems where other forms of interpersonal power dynamics may influence internalized and external stereotype an approach based on intersectional theory was applied. Methods: A qualitative thematic narrative analysis of an existing data set of first-person digital stories in the Nurstory project, authored by a group of nurses, was the data source. An emergent coding method was applied. The collection of five digital stories were analyzed. Results: All stories were first person accounts of experiences that represented their internalized reflections and elements of ageism in how their age interacted with their work environment. Dominant themes included: 1) Role constriction 2) Strength 3) Tired and (re)Tired 4) Age perceived and 5)Loneliness. Conclusions: These aging nursing stories add to the contextual layers of the aging healthcare workplace and aging nursing workforce. These individual experiences offer a nuanced understanding of the internalized responses to aging and ageism. These stories highlight socially constructed and socially reinforced attitudes that are complicated by the personal and occupational expectations of nurse’s work, their role and embedded hierarchies in healthcare. Stories such as these are important individual and collective indicators of lived experiences that offer a deeper understanding into the intersections of social identity and aging, that when listened to, can offer insight and a way forward in addressing the stereotype, discrimination and social inequities of ageism.

Selecting from their toolbox of interventions – A realist study of the role of occupational therapists in reablement services

Introduction Reablement services support people to regain skills and increase their independence. This aim resonates with occupational therapy philosophy. This article presents results of a study of the role of occupational therapists in reablement services that involve two organisations. Method Theories on the role of occupational therapists in reablement were identified using a realist synthesis approach and were tested and expanded using a qualitative case study design. Each of the three case studies consisted of one reablement service in England. Methods of the study included observations and interviews with occupational therapists, interviews with managers in both organisations and focus groups and interviews with reablement support workers. Findings Findings conclude that occupational therapists’ education and experience underpin their ability to undertake assessments and person-centred goal setting. They utilise a range of intervention techniques selecting from their toolbox of interventions to support people. Occupational therapists have a role in training reablement support workers to work in an enabling way. Regular communication and co-location support levels of trust and shared purpose between members of the reablement team. Conclusion The conceptual framework developed from the study can be used by organisations when commissioning and developing reablement services to consider the different contextual layers of reablement.

Value co-creation in university-industry collaboration. An exploratory analysis in digital research projects

Purpose of the paper: The paper aims to investigate how academic and business actors co-create value when collaborating in digital research projects. Methodology: Qualitative research was conducted according to a social constructionism approach. Thirty participants comprising Italian university researchers and industry practitioners took part in three focus groups. Findings: The interplay among resources, interactions, and outcomes was analysed across individual, organisational, and institutional layers to provide a comprehensive understanding of the value co-creation process between university and industry. Some barriers to the co-creation of value also emerged. Research limitations: The study had some limitations related to the generalisability of the research results. These limitations nonetheless represent potential avenues for future research. Practical implications: The study contributes practically to the debate on value co-creation between university and industry in the context of digitalisation, highlighting some actions aimed at developing successful research collaborations and facilitating the transfer of knowledge between scientific and economic actors. Originality of the paper: The entire value co-creation process was examined, as well as both sides of university-industry (U-I) collaboration, which were considered simultaneously. A conceptual framework consisting of building blocks and contextual layers is proposed drawing on the service-dominant (S-D) logic perspective.