Context Of Deployment Research Articles

Reflections on using the story completion method in designing tangible user interfaces

There are many design techniques to support the co-design of tangible technologies. However, few of these design methods allow the involvement of users at scale and across diverse geographic locations. While popular in psychology, the story completion method (SCM) has only recently started to be adopted within the HCI community. We explore whether SCM can generate meaningful design insights from large, diverse study populations for the design of Tangible User Interfaces (TUIs). Based on the results of two questionnaire studies using SCM, we conclude that the method can be used to generate meaningful design insights. Drawing on a systematic review of 870 TUI papers, we then contextualise the strengths and weaknesses of SCM against commonly used design methods, before reflecting on our experience of using the method across two distinct domains. We discuss the advantages of the method (particularly in terms of the scale and diversity of participation) and the challenges (particularly around constructing meaningful story stems, and developing the correct level of scaffolding to support creativity). We conclude that SCM is particularly suitable to be used in the early stages of the design process to understand the socio-cultural context of deployment.

INDIVIDUALITY: ON THE WAY TO PERSONALITY

The article reveals the features of the person’s individuality. Their development features are analyzed. The main feature of person, which determines the defining characteristics of his / her nature, is the system-creating unity of special, creative activity – action and subjectivity. It contains the necessity, ability and possibility of change, expansion, design of such activity, attitude towards it as a condition of one’s existence and growth-development.It is shown that individuality represents the personality’s own world, which is determined by social conditions in its content, and has an individual character in its origin, structure, and form. Accordingly, the phenomenon of individuality is an opportunity, a «chance» in the development of the human race in its tendency to change. This chance, or the possibility of individualization, becomes the resource that the recently born individual has and which actualizes (or not) his / her personality.All aspects of personality are revealed only in activities and interactions with other people. Therefore, the most important characteristic of an individual is the person’s social condition, which is related to the life of other people.An individual is growing up; he / she has an inherent need for growth – the actualization of his / her potential. The desire for self-actualization is innate, and therefore, it is characteristic of all living things. Self-actualization is individualization – the «disclosure» and «unfolding» of oneself. And socialization in this concept is the context and condition of such deployment. In the humanistic and existential paradigms of personality development a new type of determination arises – self-determination, self-actualization, self-realization, self-fulfillment. In this type, special attention is paid to the problem of the person’s individuality.Some researchers understand individualization as an effort to be oneself, and socialization is only the background of individualization. The loss of individuality can take several forms: first, the «narrowing» of spiritual possibilities, the insufficiency of the infinite due to moral weakness and limitation; second, identification with others; thirdly, a break in communication with reality.

Video Surveillance System Usage in Preventing Crime: Preliminary findings from Malaysia

Video Surveillance System Usage in Preventing Crime: Preliminary findings from Malaysia

Optimizing QoS and security in agriculture IoT deployments: A bioinspired Q-learning model with customized shards

Agriculture Internet of Things (AIoTs) deployments require design of high-efficiency Quality of Service (QoS) & security models that can provide stable network performance even under large-scale communication requests. Existing security models that use blockchains are either highly complex or require large delays & have higher energy consumption for larger networks. Moreover, the efficiency of these models depends directly on consensus-efficiency & miner-efficiency, which restricts their scalability under real-time scenarios. To overcome these limitations, this study proposes the design of an efficient Q-Learning bioinspired model for enhancing QoS of AIoT deployments via customized shards. The model initially collects temporal information about the deployed AIoT Nodes, and continuously updates individual recurring trust metrics. These trust metrics are used by a Q-Learning process for identification of miners that can participate in the block-addition process. The blocks are added via a novel Proof-of-Performance (PoP) based consensus model, which uses a dynamic consensus function that is based on temporal performance of miner nodes. The PoP consensus is facilitated via customized shards, wherein each shard is deployed based on its context of deployment, that decides the shard-length, hashing model used for the shard, and encryption technique used by these shards. This is facilitated by a Mayfly Optimization (MO) Model that uses PoP scores for selecting shard configurations. These shards are further segregated into smaller shards via a Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) Model, which assists in identification of optimal shard length for underlying deployment contexts. Due to these optimizations, the model is able to improve the speed of mining by 4.5%, while reducing energy needed for mining by 10.4%, improving the throughput during AIoT communications by 8.3%, and improving the packet delivery consistency by 2.5% when compared with existing blockchain-based AIoT deployment models under similar scenarios. This performance was observed to be consistent even under large-scale attacks.

AI pitfalls and what not to do: mitigating bias in AI.

Various forms of artificial intelligence (AI) applications are being deployed and used in many healthcare systems. As the use of these applications increases, we are learning the failures of these models and how they can perpetuate bias. With these new lessons, we need to prioritize bias evaluation and mitigation for radiology applications; all the while not ignoring the impact of changes in the larger enterprise AI deployment which may have downstream impact on performance of AI models. In this paper, we provide an updated review of known pitfalls causing AI bias and discuss strategies for mitigating these biases within the context of AI deployment in the larger healthcare enterprise. We describe these pitfalls by framing them in the larger AI lifecycle from problem definition, data set selection and curation, model training and deployment emphasizing that bias exists across a spectrum and is a sequela of a combination of both human and machine factors.

SCHEISB: Design of a high efficiency IoMT security model based on sharded chains using bio-inspired optimizations

Securing Internet-of-Medical Things (IoMT) devices is a multidomain task that involves analysis of attack patterns from data & control packets. Existing security models either work on pre-emptive analysis, real-time analysis or post-processing analysis of different packet types. These operations add to the complexity of data processing, which reduces Quality of Service (QoS) levels of IoMT deployments. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes design of a sharded chain based high efficiency IoMT security model that uses bioinspired optimizations. The proposed model initially deploys a novel single chained Proof-of-Medical-Trust (PoMT) based consensus technique, which assists in identification of high-trust miners. The QoS levels are continuously monitored for each block request, and a Teacher–Learner based Optimization (TLbO) model is deployed to make sharding decisions. These decisions are reconfirmed by a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) model, which assists in estimation of shard length under different attack types. These attacks include Spoofing, Spying, and Flooding attacks, which affects the authenticity of data samples from IoT devices under real-time scenarios. The PSO Model also recommends splitting & merging decisions based on the context of IoMT deployments. The PoMT consensus is modified to support sharded chains, and assists in reducing mining delays without compromising miner trust levels. The modified PoMT consensus is capable of selecting overlapping miner nodes, while incorporating load balancing for optimal energy consumption during the mining process. Due to these enhancements, the proposed model is able to reduce mining delay by 8.5%, while reducing energy consumption by 3.2%, and reducing access delay by 4.9% under real-time clinical scenarios.

The Blue Beret

The Blue Beret

Эколого-экономическая концепция инновационного прорыва: теоретико-методологические основы государственной кадровой политики

This article is devoted to the most important issue of ensuring an innovative breakthrough in socio-economic development in the context of the formation of the information society against the background of the deployment of the sixth technological order. Today, humanity is entering a completely new era, characterized by a fundamentally different system of social relations, values and meanings. The transition to a multipolar world model aggravates the competition of developed countries, on the one hand, and weakens the role of the state in the life of society, on the other. Globalization abolishes borders, eliminates inequalities, and at the same time deprives entire peoples of their national, cultural, and linguistic identity, and erases historical memory. Sustainable development - a concept championed by the progressive world community-requires an innovative breakthrough not only on the scale of individual countries, but also on a broader, planetary scale. This article is an attempt to answer the question of whose forces this innovative breakthrough should be achieved. The article deals with one of the most urgent and important problems – the development of a new theoretical and methodological basis for the development of the state system of personnel support for innovative breakthroughs in the context of the deployment of the sixth technological order against the background of the greening of public and, in particular, economic relations. Taking into account the fact that at the present stage of the development of civilization, humanity has come to understand the limited resources of the planet, the world is faced with the inevitability of making strategic decisions related to long-term innovative advanced balanced socio-economic development and aimed at overcoming global problems that threaten the continued existence of man as a biological species. The intensive development of high-tech technologies in the context of entering the sixth technological order accelerates the reduction of the planet's life potential, so it is extremely important to make production as environmentally friendly and economical as possible, to reduce consumption and, consequently, to reduce the rate of depletion of natural resources. It is almost impossible to achieve this without the organization of a proper system of personnel support, so it is extremely important today to determine the role and place of the state in solving this task.

Hard choices in artificial intelligence

As AI systems are integrated into high stakes social domains, researchers now examine how to design and operate them in a safe and ethical manner. However, the criteria for identifying and diagnosing safety risks in complex social contexts remain unclear and contested. In this paper, we examine the vagueness in debates about the safety and ethical behavior of AI systems. We show how this vagueness cannot be resolved through mathematical formalism alone, instead requiring deliberation about the politics of development as well as the context of deployment. Drawing from a new sociotechnical lexicon, we redefine vagueness in terms of distinct design challenges at key stages in AI system development. The resulting framework of Hard Choices in Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) empowers developers by 1) identifying points of overlap between design decisions and major sociotechnical challenges; 2) motivating the creation of stakeholder feedback channels so that safety issues can be exhaustively addressed. As such, HCAI contributes to a timely debate about the status of AI development in democratic societies, arguing that deliberation should be the goal of AI Safety, not just the procedure by which it is ensured.

Achieving Ethical Algorithmic Behaviour in the Internet of Things: A Review

The Internet of Things is emerging as a vast, inter-connected space of devices and things surrounding people, many of which are increasingly capable of autonomous action, from automatically sending data to cloud servers for analysis, changing the behaviour of smart objects, to changing the physical environment. A wide range of ethical concerns has arisen in their usage and development in recent years. Such concerns are exacerbated by the increasing autonomy given to connected things. This paper reviews, via examples, the landscape of ethical issues, and some recent approaches to address these issues concerning connected things behaving autonomously as part of the Internet of Things. We consider ethical issues in relation to device operations and accompanying algorithms. Examples of concerns include unsecured consumer devices, data collection with health-related Internet of Things, hackable vehicles, behaviour of autonomous vehicles in dilemma situations, accountability with Internet of Things systems, algorithmic bias, uncontrolled cooperation among things, and automation affecting user choice and control. Current ideas towards addressing a range of ethical concerns are reviewed and compared, including programming ethical behaviour, white-box algorithms, black-box validation, algorithmic social contracts, enveloping IoT systems, and guidelines and code of ethics for IoT developers; a suggestion from the analysis is that a multi-pronged approach could be useful based on the context of operation and deployment.

СПЕЦИФИКА И МЕТОДИКИ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНО- ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ СТАРШЕКЛАССНИКОВ КАК КОМПОНЕНТА ИНТЕЛЛЕКТНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОМ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИИ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ

The research activity of schoolchildren is traditionally viewed as an integral component of the educational process. The article is devoted to the description of the specifics of the study of indi-vidual typological features of high school students in order to take them into account in the course of intellectual management in the mathematical modeling of students ' research activities. A diagnostic complex is presented, which is planned to be used to achieve this goal. The indi-cated set of methods will provide diagnostics of the parameters of the quality and success of the subject's design and research activities: motivation to achieve the goal and motivation for self-realization, value orientations and the significance of research activities, the cognitive compo-nent of creativity, knowledge of logical operations, thinking styles, skills, skills and experience of design and research activities, readiness for scientific communication and dialogue. The article gives a complete description of the diagnostic methods included in the complex: the Amthauer Intelligence Structure Test, a modification of the A. Mehrabian questionnaire test for measuring achievement motivation( TMD), diagnostics of the level of self-development and professional and pedagogical activity (L. N. Berezhnova), the “Value orientations” method (M. Rokich), the “Individual thinking styles” test (A. Alekseeva, L. Gromova), the method of diagnosing the ori-entation of the personality of B. Bass (the Smekal-Kucher Questionnaire; the Bass orientation questionnaire). This diagnostic complex will provide intelligent control in the mathematical modeling of students' research activities in the context of the deployment of their individual edu-cational trajectories. The presented methodological support allows ensuring the consistency of the results obtained at the introductory and final stages of the study.

OFENSIVA CONSERVADORA Y EDUCACIÓN EN URUGUAY

El presente artículo aborda algunos aspectos de la ofensiva conservadora actualmente en curso en la educación uruguaya a través del análisis de dos tipos de fenómenos: a) un conjunto de cambios impulsados en la legislación educativa durante el año 2020; b) el uso que por parte de las autoridades gubernamentales se ha desarrollado del principio de laicidad. Partiendo de un marco conceptual sensible a los procesos de construcción discursiva que disputan sentidos hegemónicos a nivel social, el artículo presta atención a las manifestaciones pospolíticas y posideológicas que caracterizan a la ofensiva conservadora. Desde el punto de vista metodológico se trabaja con fuentes documentales (actas parlamentarias, textos legales, resoluciones de autoridades educativas y expresiones de actores claves). El artículo en su conjunto pretende aportar elementos para la comprensión de los efectos que el desarrollo de una discursividad conservadora viene produciendo en el caso uruguayo a los efectos de mostrar sus particularidades en un marco de despliegue del conservadurismo a nivel global.

Tamper-Proofing Video With Hierarchical Attention Autoencoder Hashing on Blockchain

We present ARCHANGEL; a novel distributed ledger based system for assuring the long-term integrity of digital video archives. First, we introduce a novel deep network architecture using a hierarchical attention autoencoder (HAAE) to compute temporal content hashes (TCHs) from minutes or hour-long audio-visual streams. Our TCHs are sensitive to accidental or malicious content modification (tampering). The focus of our self-supervised HAAE is to guard against content modification such as frame truncation or corruption but ensure invariance against format shift ( i.e. codec change). This is necessary due to the curatorial requirement for archives to format shift video over time to ensure future accessibility. Second, we describe how the TCHs (and the models used to derive them) are secured via a proof-of-authority blockchain distributed across multiple independent archives. We report on the efficacy of ARCHANGEL within the context of a trial deployment in which the national government archives of the United Kingdom, United States of America, Estonia, Australia and Norway participated.

Evaluation of eHealth Deployment at Primary Care in the EU Member States by Usage of Selected MCDM Methods

Abstract Information and Communication Technologies have become a revolutionary part of European healthcare in recent years. The European Commission considers eHealth as an important and appropriate tool that can contribute to cope with the challenges that are currently affecting the healthcare systems in Europe. The development of eHealth is therefore embedded in many EU strategies and is being evaluated on an ongoing basis. In the past, several studies have been carried out focusing on the evaluation of individual areas of eHealth - especially on the area of primary care secured by General Practitioners and Acute Hospitals. However, no synthesis of these works was made. This paper is focused on the proposing of an assessment for both mentioned areas of eHealth. The aim is to evaluate the eHealth deployment in the European Union Member States by the synthesis of Composite Indicators in existing studies into the evaluation model based on the application of Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making techniques. The evaluation is performed by the usage of TOPSIS, WSA, and MAPPAC method. The result of the research is the design of an evaluation framework for eHealth that enables the comparison of eHealth indicators in the international context and evaluation of eHealth deployment in European Union Member States in the form of a ranking. In this ranking, the Nordic countries are among the best-rated countries, while the worst-rated countries are in Eastern Europe.

Information Disorders

This paper analyses the major modifications created by the “social turn” i.e. the emergence of social media. It presents the drastic change of ecosystem created by the three “continents” of the Internet. This sets up the context of deployment for “information disorders” such as radicalisation and disinformation. The analysis then considers the risks and opportunities for Media and Information Literacy: on the one hand, the rise of fact-checking and the increasing interference of social media platforms; on the other hand, the augmentation of the Media and Information Literacy epistemology and the Media and Information Literacy paradigm shift entailed by information disorders. It concludes on an agenda for Media and Information Literacy in 21st century.

Strategic Framing of Adat in Land-Acquisition Politics in East Sumba

This article is about the strategic use of adat arguments in the politics of large-scale land acquisition. While customary (adat) communities are commonly depicted as small local minorities living in the forests and being guardians of the environment, in many situations such communities occupy a majority position within the district. Majority adat communities are internally differentiated into categories of actors with varying and conflicting interests. This article focuses on Sumba in eastern Indonesia, where state and adat powers are not opposed but historically aligned. We analyse how five common ways of framing adat in Sumba are currently being deployed in land-acquisition politics, in situations supporting plantation land acquisition or protesting against farmers’ land dispossession. We draw attention to what we call ‘strategic adat framing’ as a political activity. The article calls for analysing the historical and social context of local deployments of adat for understanding the impact of current government pro-adat policies.

Historia de la cirugía fetal

Los primeros procedimientos fetales considerados quirúrgicos fueron realizados en 1961, por Liley, al transfundir sangre a fetos con anemia por isoinmunización Rh. En 1974, se realizó la primera fetoscopia diagnóstica, en la Universidad de Yale, EE. UU. Un hito histórico sucede en 1981, cuando Harrison en la Universidad de California realizó por primera vez drenaje en un caso de mega vejiga causado por valva uretral; colocó, bajo control ecográfico, un catéter desde la vejiga a la cavidad amniótica. Por este hecho, se le reconoce como el ‘padre de la cirugía fetal’. En 1982, se reunieron especialistas de 5 países, vinculados a la cirugía fetal, y liderados por Harrison publicaron las primeras normas a regir en este campo nuevo de la medicina. Posteriormente, grupos colaborativos europeos revisaron las aplicaciones de esta cirugía, así como las normas éticas y de seguridad que debían ser prioritarias en estas técnicas. En el 2011, instituciones académicas y de ética de los EE. UU. reafirmaron los principios, ya reconocidos, en los que debían basarse los nuevos centros de alta calidad en cirugía fetal. En 2015, se establecieron las reglas para la innovación tecnológica y la investigación en este campo, remarcando la necesidad de crear los comités de ética. En el 2017, los especialistas involucrados, nuevamente convocados por organizaciones académicas de los EE. UU., emitieron opinión sobre el contexto global de esta cirugía, las obligaciones éticas, de infraestructura, implementación tecnológica, investigación conjunta y capacitación integral del equipo; remarcaron la necesidad de crear los comités de supervisión en estos centros. En América Latina, el desarrollo de la cirugía fetal se encuentra en una etapa intermedia, de acuerdo a los reportes actuales. En el Perú, se ha publicado artículos sobre los primeros casos de cirugía prenatal.

Spirituality and War: Soldier Practices in Deployment in African Military Landscapes

This special issue is about spirituality and war, and specifically the ways in which soldiers engage with spiritual ideas, beliefs and practices within the context of military deployments. The geog...

The impact of fathers' military deployment on child adjustment. The support needs of primary school children and their families separated during active military service: A pilot study.

Although direct exposure to war-related trauma negatively impacts children's psychological well-being, little is known about this impact within the context of parental military deployment to a combat zone and 'indirect' experience of the effects of armed conflict. This study investigates the impact of father's military deployment to Afghanistan on child well-being in primary schoolchildren and compares measures of adjustment with a matched group of children with fathers deployed on military training (non-combat) deployment. Data were collected within primary schools in 2011-2012 from 52 children aged 8-11 years with fathers deploying to Afghanistan ( n = 26) and fathers deploying on military training ( n = 26) via self-completion of questionnaires assessing symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress and levels of self-esteem. Data were collected in both groups, at pre-, mid- and post-parental deployment. Class teachers and parents (non-deployed) completed a measure of child behaviour and parents completed a measure of parenting stress and general health. Unexpectedly child adjustment difficulties were not significantly raised in children whose parents deployed to Afghanistan. Ratings of behavioural difficulties and depression were low in both groups. However, clinically elevated levels of anxiety and stress symptoms were reported by both groups of children at each stage of deployment. No associations between parental stress, parental mental health and child adjustment were found. High levels of children's anxiety and stress reported during fathers' active military service warrant further investigation. Implications for school and health monitoring and CAMHS community liaison work are discussed.

Resistance and accommodation: factors for the (non-) adoption of machine translation among professional translators

ABSTRACTDespite considerable advances in machine translation (MT), adoption by professional translators still meets with resistance. Research on the human factors associated with MT (non-)adoption is required to understand this state of affairs. We investigate whether two specific groups of professional translators use MT, what reasons they advance for its use/non-use and what factors might explain the reasons given. Participants advanced an equally diverse set of reasons for using MT as for not using it, and this was strongly linked to text type, language pair, quality and trust. Using an agency theory lens, we found evidence of Pickering’s dialectics of resistance and accommodation in the focus group data. We also found that one group of translators is more open to the use of MT, and suggest that the socio-technical context of deployment might explain this finding.