Contemporary Globalization Research Articles

A Time to Sow, a Time to Reap: Modifications to Biological and Economic Rhythms in Southwest Asian Plant and Animal Domestication

This paper reviews changes to lifecycle temporality in Southwest Asian plant and animal domestication, exploring their relationship to long-term processes associated with ancient and contemporary globalization. We survey changes under domestication to the timing of seed dispersal, germination, vegetative growth, flowering and maturation in wheat and barley and to birth, reproduction, lactation, wool production and death in sheep, goats and cattle. Changes in biological temporality among domesticates are ultimately related to globally increasing production intensity, geographic diffusion, and agricultural diversity associated with cultivar/breed evolution. Recently, however, increasing crop production intensity and geographic diffusion are accompanied by declining agricultural diversity worldwide. Similar processes are apparent in contemporary economic and cultural globalization, suggesting that long-term agricultural developments might be viewed as a subset of globalization. Moreover, the origin of certain features of contemporary globalization may be traced back to the beginnings of plant and animal domestication. Thus, while biologists since Darwin considered domestication as a model for the study of evolution, we suggest that domestication may also offer a model for the study of globalization.

Global health and health promotion processes: an integrative literature review

Global Health is a polysemic expression, but strongly identified as a response to relatively new Health problems and with accelerated growth in the number of cases, which affect the population of both rich and poor countries, such as the emergence of diseases that can be avoided by through exercise practices or physical or sports activities. These diseases can be: Obesity, Diabetes, Cardiopathies, Kidney dysfunctions, Metabolic syndromes, among others. These diseases can also be avoided through food control, social programs such as the Family Health Program, vaccination campaigns, control of health and humanitarian crises. Another factor that has contributed to the imbalance of Global Health is the unrestricted use of natural resources, the growing and unrestrained exploitation of deforestation in the Amazon rainforest, among others. In this sense, this article aims to show in the current literature how the Global Health field is being configured, linked to contemporary globalization processes. Methodologically, the study took place through an integrative view of the literature, with emphasis on scientific productions published from the 2000s onwards. The main results of the article show that Global Health is a field that involves diplomatic relations between countries, role remodeling of agencies considered hegemonic in the 20th century, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), horizontal proximity between countries in the formulation of health policies, participation of actors from civil society and the second sector, recognition of cultural, political and social diversity , and the need to understand the environmental determinants of health. On the other hand, it shows its limits of practical action in contexts marked by neoliberal principles, of minimal state intervention, since investments in Global Health depend on the performance of strong national health systems.

Information Challenge of Doing Business in Global Conditions

In the face of the globalization of the economy, society relies on previously built sources of information, which are disseminated through the latest communication and information transfer technology. So, in the conditions of contemporary globalization, in the first place comes the new competitive factor - information. One of the indispensable conditions for the development of economic relations is the recognition of all market participants, because unpredictable situations can lead to serious economic consequences. It should be noted that the distribution of information among participants in the economy practically always carries an unequal character. The availability of scarce information offers significant competitive advantage that provides additional chances in the fight for competition. So, they represent an economic resource used in the production of goods, services, offer, demand, and the formation of the basic productive forces that are essential for doing business in contemporary conditions. Keywords: Information, data, cybernetics, knowledge, goods, services, IT etc. DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/120-12 Publication date: April 30 th 2022

The Contemporary Global Anglophone Novel, Mobility, and Crisis

In this article, I construct a framework to analyze a subcategory of contemporary global Anglophone novels which I refer to as “crisis novels.” This type of novel ostensibly seems to present a radical or liberatory approach to various imperially inflected crises in the Global South, but upon a closer look, instead functions as a way to assuage guilt for the reader in the Global North. In order to assist in the task of “contextualizing the global Anglophone novel,” I offer readings of two recent novels, Kamila Shamsie’s Home Fire and Mohsin Hamid’s Exit West, both published in 2017. These novels utilize a decontextualized sense of crisis that caters to a fantasy that it is possible to get past or go beyond neocolonial systems of oppression and violence; the emerging trope of “crisis,” while taking on trappings of the Global South, obfuscates the actual Global South in its eagerness to present a hopeful vision of the future. Using Mimi Sheller’s concept of “mobility justice” as a springboard, I argue that the crisis novel is a constituent part of the genre of the global Anglophone novel in the way that it moves past postcolonial concerns of nation-state formation and towards a decontextualized, globalized sense of mobility and migration. I conclude by arguing that the lack of urgency in these texts, in terms of both temporality and geography, means that these novels present narratives that are superficially critical of power formations but fail to present readers with any kind of alternative or radical vision.

The Inefficiency of the Adjustment Mechanism in the Contemporary Global Economy. The Case of the United States and China

In the current international monetary system, the adjustment mechanism does not work properly to eliminate the excessive surpluses/deficits on the current accounts of the major countries that participate in international trade. Consequently, the adjustment changes do not take place in an evolutionary way, through market changes or decisions taken by the national authorities. They are the result of crises that reflect the unfavourable macroeconomic situation in different countries. The article explains the functioning of the adjustment mechanism in the contemporary international monetary system and the circumstances in which significant imbalances emerge at the global (US–China) level. Increasing external imbalances are an immanent systemic feature of the contemporary international monetary system. The lack of an adjustment mechanism in this system leads to the potentially cyclical emergence of such imbalances and their correction by crises. Thus, the current post‑crisis period may only be a stage before the next period of growing imbalances. The remedy for this threat lies in correcting the existing principles of the system.

Globalization Posing Challenges to Examine the Relevance of Postcolonial Criticism in Future

It has become very difficult today to assume that we are living in a world which is postcolonial just in the sense that the curse of colonialism is over. The questions of how one nation is dominating the other and how such dominating forces can be resisted have become the salient issues of the anti-colonial movements worldwide. The postcolonial studies are focusing on the contemporary neocolonial tendencies especially after when America has invaded Afghanistan and has also attacked Iraq for building a New American Empire. Globalization seems to have changed the world so radically that it has become meaningless if we try to perceive the world either from the perspectives of how the European colonizers wanted it to be or as totally decolonized from any exploitative networks. Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri in their seminal work, Empire (2000) have argued that they have used the term ‘Empire’ to refer to the emergence of a new sovereign power in the world politics which is predominating over all the other nations in contemporary times. According to them, one can understand this present-day power structure best by comparing it with how the European powers had maintained their sovereignty and empires during the colonial period. Simon Gikandi has accurately observed that, what is very new in globalization is that it has appropriated certain identical postcolonial terms like ‘hybridity’ and concepts like the ‘other’. All these different postcolonial terms and concepts had always been ignored by the former social scientists. This paper will be exploring why it is irrelevant to assume that this new postcolonial globalized culture, as it is reflected in some postcolonial literary images and narratives, does not seem to have any functional impact in changing the socio-cultural relationships of the people of this contemporary global world. This paper will also focus on why in the contemporary globalization the native is found to be contaminated by the west and therefore dangerously ‘un-otherable’ and no longer available as the pure. This paper will also address as to how globalization apart from carrying the overwhelming connotations of cosmopolitanism and evaporating the geo-political centres and margins, is intensifying the pre-existing global asymmetries and pre-empting the postcolonial critics from analyzing the operative networks of the contemporary neoimperial forces.

The Process of Contemporary Globalization in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Process of Contemporary Globalization in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic

History, context and path: some key issues in contemporary media and communication studies: an interview with David Morley

ABSTRACT International renowned scholars, professor David Morley at Goldsmiths, University of London has been deeply engaged in the media and communication field for more than 40 years. His personal academic research context can also become an important reference for media and communication research issues and their paradigm transfer: which is, the interaction between technology, politics, culture, and globalization process and media and communication research over the past four decades. With his continuous critical position and interdisciplinary research vitality, Professor Morley transcends the narrow “media research-centered” paradigm, answers the questions of materiality, mobility, the connection between virtual and real space, as well as the embodiment, and also maintains the historicism and contextualization of problem thinking. Professor Morley believes instead of eliminating differences and inequality with the help of the new media technology, the “new” material geographical map will identify the privilege of virtual and real communication, so we need to not only further discuss the mobility of virtual and real, but also to put the neglected transportation and other material infrastructure research into the contemporary communication research and globalization theory, therefore, the perspective of communication geography needs to be valued.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ МІСЬКИХ АГЛОМЕРАЦІЙ В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНОЇ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ

The intensity of globalization processes and the role of cities in the socio-economic development of countries and regions increase at the current stage of society's development. Agglomerations that have the status of the global (world) level play the most crucial role. he purpose of the paper is to analyze the impact of globalization processes on the peculiarities of the development of urban agglomerations in the conditions of contemporary globalization, as well as to identify problems and prospects for their further evolution. The research was carried out based on the system, synergistic, informational and human-geographical approaches; using the methods of induction and deduction, comparison, analogy, analysis, synthesis, systematization, as well as mathematical, statistical and cartographic methods. Three waves characterized the spread of globalization in historical retrospect: the first one (the first half of the 20th century) described the intensive development of cities and industry, the development of transport infrastructure; the second wave (the second half of the 20th century) marked the formation of transnational, transcontinental and global corporations, the transfer of "dirty" industries to the territory of poor third world countries; the third (the beginning of the 21st century – until now) characterizes the emergence of urbanization beyond geopolitical and administrative borders. A significant trend in the contemporary development of cities is the tendency towards developing urban agglomerations, increasing their importance in contemporary spatial transformations and processes taking place on the planet. Agglomerations within regions of the world arose quite unevenly. The largest number are in the USA, Europe, and Asia, and agglomerations are growing at an accelerated pace in Africa and Latin America. Until the 20th century, the large agglomerations were formed mostly in developed countries and regions of the world due to the available resource and economic potential. Now the processes of intensive agglomeration are characterized for cities and developing countries, where the number of agglomerations is increasing. A significant increase in the number of cities and agglomerations in countries with a low level of development leads to the emergence and aggravation of global problems of modern times.

Socio-Philosophical Critique of the Global Public Art’s Visual Order: The Context of National Self-identity

Today a necessity has arisen in a critical socio-philosophical analysis and the development of such a theoretical framework for contemporary globalization that will consider this latter as a visual and ideological impact of cognitive biocapitalism on the collective consciousness of nations, which manifests itself as repressive pressure in the form of Aesthetics of Globalization. This distorts the art system, distorting the fundamental freedom of creative expression of artists, critics and academics, as abstract mass hybridization of professional thought in the context of global public art’s visual order is implanted by the cultural-industrial logic of the transnational art market ruled and managed by globalized capital, which has transformed the art, the artist, and the analyst into merely trivial commodities. Since the millennium, commodified art production in the world is perceived exclusively as a business integrated into politics and economics, but the capitalization of the arts ignores the national interests of unbiased processes of culture-creation, unifying artistic expression, depriving it of spiritual need for self-identification. This latter needs to be further researched, in particular in the context of the development of Ukrainian image-formation practices, which devalues its potential in the new socio-political conditions. Therefore, the article emphasizes the need to return to the Ukrainian socio-cultural dimension of the evaluation criteria of transcendental aesthetics, especially since cordocentrism and Christian kalokagatia have historically formed the basis of Ukrainian culture and mindset.

A Narrative Review of Contemporary Global Perspectives into Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prognosis of Vertebrobasilar Strokes

Blood flow interruptions to the posterior cerebral circulation hallmark vertebrobasilar strokes (VBS), leading to mortality and significant disabilities, yet optimal therapy prevails unpublished. Recent epidemiological evidence indicates that VBS account for nearly 1/5 of all ischemic strokes globally, with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) contributing significant disabilities in nearly 1/3 of the victims. The prevalence of VBS in Africa is close to 5%, majorly in large intracranial vessels. Etiologically, Stenosis accounts for 20% of all VBS, while aneurysms face up to a 3% rupture rate. Furthermore, intravenous alteplase is the gold standard medical therapy for the cases presenting within 3 to 4.5 hours post-baseline regarding management options. Nevertheless, there is no consensus for BAO beyond 4.5 hours post-onset. Stent retrievers are the first-line endovascular reperfusion therapy device proposed. However, an 18% risk of in-stent restenosis is a significant drawback. Comprehensive prognostic factors are addressed in this review. However, prospective, multicenter, controlled studies are needed to clarify the time window dilemmas facing posterior circulation strokes. This narrative review explores recent VBS epidemiology, management advances, and prognosis.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(3):418-429

Virginia Woolf in the Age of World Literature: “The Edinburgh Companion to Virginia Woolf and Contemporary Global Literature”

Virginia Woolf in the Age of World Literature: “The Edinburgh Companion to Virginia Woolf and Contemporary Global Literature”

Jacques Derrida et la question de l’identité

"Postmodern ideologies have one and the same objective: grasping man in his elusiveness and in his everyday happenings. A thinker like Jacques Derrida, who is one of the leaders of deconstruction, considers that our epoch signals the end of rationality. Deconstruction is defined as the ensemble of techniques and strategies used by Derrida to demonstrate, split and shift any universal logic. By the mechanism of différance, the human being gets out of any originating border (big, founding narratives), and only traces remain. Deconstruction is incapable of thinking the world otherwise than as crumbling, this image resulting from the dissolution of the universal, of reason and the subject himself. Such an approach to identity is in accordance with contemporary globalization, which requires human mobility and flexibility."

Transcontinental polygyny, migration and hegemonic masculinity in Guinea‐Bissau and the Gambia

AbstractIn the context of transnational migration, many non‐migrant men in Guinea‐Bissau and The Gambia postulate a ‘transcontinental’ version of polygyny, wishing to have one wife in Europe and another in Africa. Such claims are made among competing notions of love based on romantic intimacy and monogamy. This article explores the ways in which people rationalise polygyny in transnational marriage, based on the notion of hegemonic masculinity. Whereas hegemonic masculinity is an ideal asserted discursively, through persuasion, and relies on common consent, some migrant men resort to the strategy of keeping the African wife secret from the European wife—they are only able to assert a ‘one‐sided hegemonic masculinity’ in transnational marriage. Ultimately, global economic inequalities and the demand for labour migration characteristic of contemporary neoliberal globalisation counter the trend towards romantic intimacy, necessitating transnational family forms and favouring polygyny.

The Ghost of Racism in the Contemporary Global Compact on Refugees

The Ghost of Racism in the Contemporary Global Compact on Refugees

Un virus de la mondialisation contemporaine. Ce que nous dit la COVID-19 des mobilités transnationales

« La COVID-19 est d’autant plus un virus de la mondialisation contemporaine qu’elle s’est diffusee presque instantanement au monde entier sans epargner le moindre territoire » La COVID-19 est un virus de la mondialisation contemporaine. On l’a certes rapproche d’autres pandemies du passe, d’ailleurs toutes associees a des processus de mondialisation anterieurs a celui que nous connaissons depuis les annees 1980 : le developpement de l’Empire romain en ce qui a trait a la peste justinienne du ...

Les textes francophones malgaches sont-ils hybrides?

Francophone literary production in Madagascar, although born out of a colonial context, has found its own voice in terms of the codes and themes it uses. It seeks to take its place in Francophone literature through comprehension based on a common language. However, the works written in French are informed by the cultural, social, spiritual and linguistic context of Madagascar. The resulting texts are full of allusions to prestigious literary genres, shared concerns and concepts whose comprehension is difficult for a readership which understands the words without understanding their cultural connotations. It is necessary to reflect on the specific task of the literary critic who may, whilst respecting the dynamics of a literary text, add annotations in the form of ‘cultural translations’. The aim would be not to smother a body of work, which must be allowed to maintain its own nuances, but to allow better knowledge of the works and to make more effective the intercultural exchanges which are part of contemporary globalisation.

Islam, Globalism and Globalisation

This thought paper provides a general overview of globalisation, its interaction with Islamic civilisation and contemporary issues like Fourth Industrial Revolution, Extraterrestrial Imperative, COVID-19 Pandemic and more. The paper intends to identify and analyse the impact of globalisation on Islamic civilisation in various spheres of life including social, cultural, political, educational, religious, and economic. This is particularly crucial in the contemporary period of tension between Islam and the West due to numerous reasons. This paper will contribute to understanding and evaluation of the prevailing situation including the impact of Fourth Industrial Revolution. This paper will also assist in understanding the unique and dynamic challenges of globalisation and their consequences for Islamic civilisation, so, an idea about the way forward which is best for solving or effectively addressing these challenges, can be achieved. Contemporary globalisation and Fourth Industrial Revolution offer ground-breaking opportunities for collective good and for improvement of human condition. Now, it is up to Muslims, to effectively use benefits of globalisation and Fourth Industrial Revolution for civilizational revival and to produce second Islamic Golden Age.

The Deliberation of Occidentalism in Contemporary Global Thought: A Comparative Study of Japanese and Western thoughts

أهداف البحث: يهدف البحث إلى تحليل تداوليّة الاستغراب في الفكر الغربي المعاصر من خلال اتّجاهين أساسيّين، هما؛ الاستغراب التأسيسي، والاستغراب الانعكاسي، ثمّ مقارنته بالاستغراب في الفكر الياباني الحديث والمعاصر؛ للنظر في أهم أسسه، ومقوّماته، وبُناه، ونظريّاته. منهج البحث: اعتمد البحث على المنهج الاستقرائي التاريخي؛ لاستقراء أهم اتّجاهات الاستغراب في الفكر الغربي، ثمّ المنهج التفكيكي؛ لدراسة الأسس الفكرية، والمنهجيّة للمقاربة الاستغرابيّة، ثمّ اتّبع المنهج النّقدي المقارن في دراسة التجربة التحديثيّة اليابانية مقارنة بالتجربة الغربيّة. النتائج: من أبرز النتائج التي توصّل إليها البحث: أن تداوليّة الاستغراب في الفكر الغربيّ المعاصر يتنازعها تيّاران اثنان: تيّار يؤسّس للاستغراب؛ باعتباره "مقاربة منهجيّة، نقديّة، جذريّة" تشكّلت بصفتها نقدًا للمركزيّة الغربيّة في كلّ تجلّياتها، ويتزعّم هذا التيّار؛ كوز فان، وفيرننادو كورونيل؛ وتيّار يسعى إلى تقزيم الاستغراب، وإفقاده أيّة أصالة منهجيّة، أو معرفيّة مبدعة، ويرى فيه مجرّد ردّة فعل "أيديولوجية - نفسيّة"، أو استشراقًا معكوسًا، ويتزعّم هذا التيّار أفيشاي مرغليت، وإيان بوروما. ثمّ بيّن البحث تفرّد التجربة التحديثيّة اليابانيّة، باعتبارها تجربةً استغرابيّة، تشكّلت، وتطوّرت خارج إطار المركزيّة الغربيّة، ومفاهيمها، ومقولاتها، ونظريّاتها. أصالة البحث: أصالة البحث كامنة في تأصيله للاستغراب في تداوليّته الغربيّة الأصيلة، من خلال نماذج دقيقة، وبالاعتماد على مصادر أصيلة يتمّ استقراء كثير منها لأوّل مرّة في الدّراسات العربيّة، بالإضافة إلى دقّة تحليله لمكوّنات الاستغراب الياباني، تنظيرًا وتطبيقًا.

كلمة العدد (الإنجليزي)

كلمة العدد (الإنجليزي)