Contemporary Educational Process Research Articles

Trends in prevalence among children in secondary schools under the contemporary educational process and exposure to environmental factors

Introduction. Trends in of schoolchildren’s health highlights the importance of performing complex estimates aimed at identifying what influence of the contemporary education process and environmental factors have on prevalence among children and adolescents. 
 Materials and methods. The research involved examining data obtained by a profound medical examination of three hundred thirty nine schoolchildren attending municipal secondary schools with different educational programs. In this research, the test group (146 schoolchildren who attended a gymnasium) and the reference group (193 schoolchildren who attended an ordinary secondary school) were divided into several sub-groups based on their age group. We analyzed data of medical and social questioning, ‘Weekly Rations of a school student’ and school schedules covering classes and breaks between them. All the data were analyzed using conventional statistical procedures and logistic modelling together with calculation of relative risks. 
 Results. We established different ratios of harmful components related to the educational process, lifestyle, diets, and the environment in schools with different educational programs. This fact indicates the examined exposure to be multi-factorial and determines some peculiarities of incidence and unfavourable age periods in clinical courses of diseases among schoolchildren attending a gymnasium or an ordinary secondary school. Causation of negative health outcomes in schoolchildren by lifestyle factors equaled R2 = 0.11–0.86; 
 the educational process, R2 = 0.10–0.84; environmental factors, R2 = 0.13–0.58. 
 Limitations: a rather small sample. 
 Conclusion. Schoolchildren in gymnasium have 3.1–4.8 higher risks of diseases of the endocrine and musculoskeletal system in primary school; diseases of the nervous system, in senior school; ophthalmic pathologies, during the whole school period. Likelihood of digestive diseases and diseases of the musculoskeletal system grows by 4.6–41.0 times in middle and senior school. Greater effectiveness of medical check-ups and timely identification of risk factors are the most important tools for creating an integral preventive environment.

STUDENT PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN ONLINE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

The importance, traits, and methods of assessment in an online context are highlighted in this paper's discussion of assessment as an essential component of teaching. The paper aims to provide teachers with a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals, features, and methodologies of online assessment while also emphasizing the need for ongoing efforts to raise teachers' professional competence in order to ensure their successful integration into contemporary educational processes. The research sample comprises of pertinent literature that was gathered on the Google Academic and ResearchGate platforms, most of which is foreign due to the scarcity of studies on this topic in Serbia. Approximately 20 years' worth of publications have been chosen, taking into account the topic's current relevance. This paper was prepared largely with the aim of giving teachers more knowledge, influencing awareness-raising, and removing hurdles that teachers frequently have when it comes to online assessment. It was written utilizing the technique of content analysis. Since the past has demonstrated that the educational system is not immune to social difficulties, it is advised that teachers accept online assessment as a substitute for traditional methods of assessment and become familiar with its significance and potential implementation strategies.

METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS TO ASSESSING THE TRAINING OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS OF SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE OF UKRAINE

The article deals with the main aspects of training of PhD graduates in the scientific institutions of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. The authors analyze the regulatory framework for improving the professional competence of scientific personnel of scientific institutions in the system of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. The national security of Ukraine is an integral part and priority goal of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, which accordingly determines the main factors of stable development of society. Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine has created the conditions for the emergence of a hybrid form of warfare using the information space, which has forced the creation of new approaches to ensuring and maintaining the national security of the state. In this case, an important role is played by weapons and military equipment, which requires constant updating. Therefore, in order to timely take into account and forecast the production of weapons and military equipment, the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine needs graduates of the adjunct program who are able to conduct basic research in the field of defense. The issue of training PhD graduates in the modern conditions of the contemporary educational process should focus on the ability to make decisions in a state of uncertainty. In today's conditions, the future model of education provides for the possibility of choosing a solution that can be modeled as a situation of choosing the best solution from a set of equivalent, random solutions.
 The level of education of a PhD candidate will be higher, the wider the chosen field of activity and field of knowledge, as well as the ability to design solutions in an uncertain situation, which will allow them to have a wider range of possible decision-making methods. Therefore, the introduction of a system of training PhD candidates through adjuncture will create prerequisites for further implementation of measures that will ensure the development of science in the system of higher military education.

Information and Communication Technologies in Primary Education: Teachers’ Perceptions in Greece

Innovative learning methods including the increasing use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) applications are transforming the contemporary educational process. Teachers’ perceptions of ICT, self-efficacy on computers and demographics are some of the factors that have been found to impact the use of ICT in the educational process. The aim of the present research is to analyze the perceptions of primary school teachers about ICT and how they affect their use in the educational process, through the case of Greece. To do so, primary research was carried out. Data from 285 valid questionnaires were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics, principal components analysis, correlation and regression analysis. The main results were in accordance with the relevant literature, indicating the impact of teachers’ self-efficacy, perceptions and demographics on ICT use in the educational process. These results provide useful insights for the achievement of a successful implementation of ICT in education.

Особенности и риск формирования миопии у учащихся средних общеобразовательных школ с различными образовательными программами

The contemporary educational process involves growing diversity and complexity of educational programs and intensity of educational loads. All this, in its turn, affects schoolchildren’s health. Diseases of the eye and adnexa occupy the leading place among pathologies that are caused by unfavorable educational conditions. Prevalence of such diseases grows steadily over the whole period of getting secondary education. The aim of this study was to examine peculiarities and assess risks of myopia in children attending comprehensive schools with different educational programs. Overall, we examined 804 children from the 1st to 11th grade. The test group was made of 312 children who attended comprehensive schools with profound studies of some subjects. The reference group included 492 children who attended ordinary comprehensive schools. Both groups were identical as regards sex and age (р = 0.203–0.479). The study involved handing out questionnaires; estimating whether the organization of the educational processes conformed to the sanitary legislation of the Russian Federation. The research data were analyzed by conventional statistical methods, ROC-analysis, and logistic modeling. We established several leading risk factors that caused myopia in students of comprehensive schools with profound studies of some subjects. They included 5.4–19.2 % higher educational loads; 1.4 times longer periods of PC use during classes; 1.5 times longer periods of work with digital technologies. The children from the test group tended to have myopia, including moderate and high one, 1.3–2.4 times more frequently; the disease occurred at a younger age; risks of the disease were typically higher in such schools (OR = 1.48–2.5). Causation of myopia by factors related to the educational process and digital initiation equaled R2 = 0.52–0.77. Use of ROC-curves identified cut-off points that showed how long it took myopia to develop under the specific educational conditions in comprehensive schools with profound studies of some subjects (the 5th grade) and in ordinary comprehensive schools (the 7th grade). ROC-analysis data indicate it is necessary to apply a differentiated approach to organizing preventive activities for children who attend comprehensive schools with different educational programs.

Peculiarities and risks of myopia in children attending comprehensive schools with different educational programs

The contemporary educational process involves growing diversity and complexity of educational programs and intensity of educational loads. All this, in its turn, affects schoolchildren’s health. Diseases of the eye and adnexa occupy the leading place among pathologies that are caused by unfavorable educational conditions. Prevalence of such diseases grows steadily over the whole period of getting secondary education. The aim of this study was to examine peculiarities and assess risks of myopia in children attending comprehensive schools with different educational programs. Overall, we examined 804 children from the 1st to 11th grade. The test group was made of 312 children who attended comprehensive schools with profound studies of some subjects. The reference group included 492 children who attended ordinary comprehensive schools. Both groups were identical as regards sex and age (р = 0.203–0.479). The study involved handing out questionnaires; estimating whether the organization of the educational processes conformed to the sanitary legislation of the Russian Federation. The research data were analyzed by conventional statistical methods, ROC-analysis, and logistic modeling. We established several leading risk factors that caused myopia in students of comprehensive schools with profound studies of some subjects. They included 5.4–19.2 % higher educational loads; 1.4 times longer periods of PC use during classes; 1.5 times longer periods of work with digital technologies. The children from the test group tended to have myopia, including moderate and high one, 1.3–2.4 times more frequently; the disease occurred at a younger age; risks of the disease were typically higher in such schools (OR = 1.48–2.5). Causation of myopia by factors related to the educational process and digital initiation equaled R2 = 0.52–0.77. Use of ROC-curves identified cut-off points that showed how long it took myopia to develop under the specific educational conditions in comprehensive schools with profound studies of some subjects (the 5th grade) and in ordinary comprehensive schools (the 7th grade). ROC-analysis data indicate it is necessary to apply a differentiated approach to organizing preventive activities for children who attend comprehensive schools with different educational programs.

Нова свобода в умовах нової реальності

The contemporary educational process, like all other spheres that ensure the vitality of our country, is in an extremely complex situation. This complexity arises not only from military actions but also from the transitive reality in which we all find ourselves. The specific social reality resulting from ideological, political, economic, and educational changes indicates the need for a profound analysis of what is happening today and now. It is essential to analyze not only the present but, more importantly, past historical events to prevent future dreadful conflicts such as war, genocide, and cultural destruction. The purpose of this article is to investigate and analyze the problem of freedom and security in the conditions of war. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: identify various research paths of the freedom and security problem, analyze these concepts, demonstrate the scope of application, use, and speculation with the concepts of freedom and security, especially during times of war. Methods. During the research, the methods of systemic-structural analysis and hermeneutics were employed. The hermeneutic method involved accumulating a substantial amount of material through the analysis of global and domestic informational, journalistic, and internet sources. This allowed for a comprehensive examination of the problem of freedom and security from different perspectives. As a result of the study, it was established that the problem of freedom and security in wartime arises in an extremely acute format. A nation experiencing war has the right to form its own criteria for choice. However, a conscious civic position needs to be shaped through educational and humanitarian programs at all levels, which will help form an independent, critical mindset, providing the ability to self-determine freely and be aware of the responsibility for decisions and actions. Conclusions. The problem of choice between freedom and security requires a deep, detailed analysis not only in contemporary conditions but also considering the post-war period of Ukraine's formation and development. After all, these problematic issues are fundamental principles of a democratic state.

Critical thinking development in students during coding in the subject of “information and communication technology”

Coding is solving problems while working. In coding, you must visualize and create map minds of your task or issue and break down the problem into smaller and more manageable parts, so that you can solve them more effectively and efficiently. So overall, coding includes the same process as critical thinking, and that of critical thinking process can be used very well and effectively in coding. Purpose: Exploring the possibilities and perspectives of the interaction between coding and encouraging, also developing critical thinking among students in the 15-18 age group. Evidence of students’ help in diversifying the ways of gaining knowledge and practical skills, as well as enabling young people to be more involved, among the approaches to education in the contemporary educational process. Method: This study is conducted at the “Arif Halil Sulaj” high school, Mamurras. To achieve the study objectives, a field survey was conducted through questionnaires and focus groups, both for teachers and for students of the “Arif Halil Sulaj” high school, Mamurras. Conclusion: Based on the searched results, it was evidenced that coding has a significant impact on increasing the involvement of students in the most active lessons and encouraging critical thinking, enabling them to solve problem situations independently, especially in the subjects of exact sciences. The recommendations determine the need to extend the curriculum in general with coding hours and algorithms as well as the addition of ICT hours in the 11th grade.

Дистанционное обучение специализированным музыкальным дисциплинам: проблемы и пути решения

The scientific article is devoted the investigation of the most actual questions concerning distance educational form into the light of the specialized training disciplines a namely „Ensemble” and „Special class”. The author has approved that the problem of distance educational form in relation to underlined musical subjects is maximally indicated their practical nature, what have had presentation in the professional communicative sensation of general (simultaneous) performing act, in the process for development and correlation of musician's performing apparatus, in detail-hearing comprehension of particularity for artistic musically-expressive means a namely timbre and attack of sound, traits and articulation, strong and dynamic of instrument (vocal) sounding. The importance of introduction to the contemporary educational process the mixed thematic-integrated learning, specifically the synthesis of distance and full-time educational forms. This interaction must be in the presence of academic musical compositions solo at the training repertoires, specialized musical pieces that were written by vocational composer for playing only one performer-soloist (instrumentalist, vocalist). It is necessary to emphasize that maximally active, result way for keep qualitative high level of creatively artistic practice, musical lessons into the special class (wind wood and brass, drums, vocal, string-bowed, string-plucked specializations) is creative appeal of contemporary pedagogue-musicians to the academic compositions, that were written by authors in to performing form solo, namely the address to masterpieces for performing only one artist-soloist. These academic stagesingle musical pieces are artistically self-sufficient, at the same time, this kind compositions are performed by musician without fortepiano. The pieces of music solo absorb by the power of composer's talent, artistic thoughts the excellently most potential of artistically expressive possibilities, intonation sounding means one or another instrument (voice) - chord sounding (monophonic instruments), microinterval (microchromatics), sound oscillation, playing with four mallets, hidden polyphony and others. This type of compositions (music solo) will be giving the distance professional development of artistically expressive means for student's practice, the formation of independence concerning artistically imaginative thinking of pupils, as well as the upbringing of academic ensemble performing skills among contemporary students.

IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING ENGLISH USING ELEMENTS OF DISTANCE LEARNING

The importance of using distance learning for developing knowledge, skills and competences in English Language teaching in contemporary educational process is justified in the article. In this connection the great attention is focused on radical changes in English Language teaching methodology. With the advent of online education the relationships between the lecturers or the tutors and the students alter and become more open and cooperating, because the students get more involved, interested and motivated in learning foreign languages. Apart from this, the main components of distance education are briefly considered.

Features Of Anxiety And Attention In Elementary School Students Of The Russian North

A child’s body in the contemporary educational process with innovative programs and electronic devices, along with insufficient motor activity, against the background of low reserve capacity in the North, experiences the psychoemotional stress. The objective of our study was to investigate the anxiety and attention in elementary school students in the northern cities of Magadan Oblast. The study was conducted on elementary school students (9.9±0.05 years of age) in the regional center of Magadan and the remote town of Magadan Oblast, Susuman. Group I consisted of 108 Magadan school students, whereas Group II included 82 Susuman school students. Methods — we used the methodology of multidimensional assessment of childhood anxiety (MACA). To investigate the function of attention, we used the method of proofreading modified by V.N. Amatuni. Results — the number of anxious children was 42% in Magadan and 26% in Susuman. Magadan children were significantly more anxious than their Susuman peers on five of ten scales: in connection with the evaluation by others (M±SE: p=0.013; Me [Q1; Q3]: p<0.05); in their relationships with teachers (p=0.003; p<0.01); in terms of their learning success (p=0.016; p<0.05); in situations of knowledge testing (p=0.022; p<0.05); and they also exhibited an increase in their autonomic reactivity associated with anxiety (p=0.040; p<0.05). It was revealed as well that the neurodynamic characteristics of attention were better in the group of Susuman children. Conclusion — It can be assumed that elementary school students in small remote towns are less at risk of school maladjustment and are more efficient than their peers living in larger cities, where anxiety is higher, which complicates the learning process.

DESIGN FOR ONLINE TEACHING AND LEARNING IN TNE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL EDUCATION

We live in the XXI century, the century of new technologies. ICT has had a huge positive affect upon the way in which education has evolved and become far easier for the world to access. Education cannot continue any more to work by old methods based on class-lesson system, where the teacher stands before the class and presents the material the students are to learn. To improve the process of teaching and learning new methods based on ICT should be used. The importance of using online learning in the context of digital education for the development of knowledge, skills and competences in the contemporary educational process is reported in the article. Great attention is focused on the basic concepts of distance learning and mixed learning. It is proposed a model of planning online teaching and learning activities and recommendations at the level of the teaching staff.

Cinema e educação: atravessamentos de práticas de fascismo e nomadismo no filme “O substituto”

Este ensaio tem por objetivo discutir práticas de fascismo e nomadismo presentes no filme “O Substituto”, cujo título original em inglês é Detachment (indiferença), relacionando-as aos processos educativos da contemporaneidade. O filme nos coloca a pensar práticas educacionais que giram em torno da temática da diferença em sala de aula e de suas contradições. A indiferença pode ser tomada com o prefixo ‘in’ que ‘nega’ a diferença enquanto uma singularidade imanente do indivíduo, produzindo fascismos e universais, mas também o ‘in’ que se refere ao ‘movimento para dentro’. Propõe-se, neste trabalho, um exercício de pensamento antropofágico da (in)diferença, que insurge a negação da mesma, fazendo proliferar tratados de nomadologia contra unificações. Nômade também é o professor ‘substituto’, aquele que não se fixa no território da clausura escolar, mas que, no movimento de substituições, possibilita rupturas com o fora, para se pensar uma educação menor que tenciona microrrevoluções cotidianas, contribuindo com a emersão de outras existências.

Public pedagogy by M. Stelmakhovych ideas implementation at contemporary educational process

Public pedagogy by M. Stelmakhovych ideas implementation at contemporary educational process

Методика “storytellingˮ як засіб формування комунікативної компетентності здобувачів освіти

The article deals with the use of storytelling technique as a means of developing communicative competence of students. The authors define the relevance of the topic, which resulted from the demands of contemporary educational process and recent regulations on school reforms and improvement of education according to European standards. Developed communicative competence of students results in fluent Ukrainian, ability to express thoughts and feelings verbally and in writing, explain facts clearly and reasonably, as well as in love for reading, sense of beauty of the words, awareness of the role of language for the effective communication and cultural self-expression, willingness to accept Ukrainian as a native language in different life situations. Described in the article storytelling technique contributes to the formation of a comfortable psychological atmosphere in the class. It helps to establish trusting relationships between teachers and students of different age. The authors explain the origin of the term “storytellingˮ and identify the benefits of using the technique in teaching. They outline the principles of storytelling, its types, structure and recommended duration, noting that storytelling technique is effective due to its contribution to better knowledge acquisition, memorisation and reproduction of information. The peculiar features of storytelling method are: involvement of figurative thinking and perception while creating and listening to the story; the presence of a hero, whose behaviour changes after overcoming obstacles, moral choices and tasks completing; dynamic story plot; influence of a story on students’ emotional well-being. The use of storytelling technique provides an opportunity to develop such students’ competencies as entrepreneurship and financial literacy, which are indicators of a childʼs readiness for life. Keywords: storytelling technique, communicative competence, rhetorical competence, schoolchildren, primary school, educational process.

ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ В ВУЗЕ: ИЗ ОПЫТА РАБОТЫ

Experience of implementing distance education technology at the International Institute of Design and Service during the corona virus infection is discussed. Distance education is a basis of the contemporary educational process that poses new tasks for the institution of higher education linked to the realization of open education, using pedagogical technologies to widen the access to any types of information, promote the dissemination of knowledge and automate control and management of the teaching/learning process. The potential of Internet, electronic and information platforms in foreign language teaching is vast, yet their possibilities have not been fully used till now. It is noted that the specifics of «English» teaching distantly requires renovation of the education process principles, selection of optimal teaching methods and development of qualitatively new methodological materials. Questionnaire results reflecting the main difficulties and problems of teachers doing this technology are presented.

The compositions of wind solo by E.V. Denisov in the context of the contemporary educational process

The purpose of this submitted scientific article is disclosing the musically pedagogical distinctiveness, the series of crucial and the most significant training educational criterions of compositions for wind instruments solo by E.V. Denisov. The row of methods for this scientifically investigative process is formed by applying the axiological, comparative as well as functional approaches concerning the studying research theme. The using of methods such as musically performing analysis and synthesis are specifically important in the development of delineated question. Researcher for structuring of scientifically investigative material as well as for analytical handing information and making general conclusions utilizes structurally functional method. Scientific newness of the represented article is stipulated by revealing the most characteristic, value-productive, musically pedagogical criterions of masterpieces for wind professional instruments solo by E.V. Denisov, which were written by celebrated composer as for wood and for brass academic wind instruments. Conclusions. There are the next essential indications, maximally significant training-educational criterions of musically instructional particularity concerning the compositions for wind academic instruments solo by E.V. Denisova. These are the formation of holistic, complete instructive process, the modernization of traditional artistically expressive means in relation to wind professional instrumentations, the utilization contemporary nontraditional musically performing language (performing manners, effects and composer technics). We also emphasize the accentuation of understanding the specialized process by student for the communicative essence of musical art (outside, inside dialogism). We also underline the activation of artistically imaginative thinking of student as into the vector of discovering the characterization one or another wind composition solo and into the direction for comprehension of an imagination, artistic content touching to E.V. Denisovʼs works for stage-single performing.

Etnomatemática e educação escolar

Esse artigo coloca em foco violências colonialistas desveladas devido à pandemia da COVID 19, tendo como principal contexto analítico a educação em sua configuração escolar. Para sustentar reflexões nesse âmbito, três elementos pertencentes às origens da construção de saberes etnomatemáticos são pautados, a saber: - todo conhecimento é contextual; - matemática é um conjunto de saberes social e culturalmente construído; - tanto o ensino quanto a aprendizagem da matemática podem ser transformados por meio da ressignificação das relações interculturais. Com o aporte dessa tríade, dois complexos de fatores são então desenvolvidos. O primeiro diz respeito a relações existentes entre processos educacionais e ataques de natureza colonialista à diversidade sociocultural. O segundo coloca em evidência contextos educacionais quilombolas, indígenas e campesinos como espaços de luta contra os referidos ataques. Por fim, entrecruzando as reflexões desenvolvidas, o período pandêmico será criticamente refletido a fim de desvelar nexos causais no contexto da violência proveniente de movimentos colonizadores que permanecem presentes em processos educacionais na contemporaneidade.

O design thinking como metodologia na educação jurídica contemporânea

O processo educativo jurídico contemporâneo vive um momento de profunda transformação porque o mercado profissional jurídico, impactado diretamente pela revolução tecnológica e pela globalização, demanda profissionais mais qualificados em termos de competências (soft skills) e desenvolvimento de projetos. A educação jurídica, nesse sentido, transforma-se tendo em vista acompanhar as necessidades do mercado profissional. Assim, o presente artigo teve como objetivo relatar uma experiência prática de utilização de metodologia de design thinking e contou com o uso do método científico qualitativo, bem como o estudo descritivo de caso. Pretendeu-se demonstrar e concluiu-se que a ferramenta tem aplicabilidade e poderá servir como metodologia pedagógica nos cursos de Direito.

The foreign-language communicative competence grounds of master course students

The urgency of the problem raised in the article is explained by the increasing demand for qualified specialists who have a good command of a foreign language. The process of modernization of the higher education system in Ukraine under conditions of its intensive development of socio-economic cooperation with other countries causes the actualization of the problems related to the quality of education, which implies the ability of future professionals to perform professional activities in the foreign language environment. Therefore, the training of master course students in foreign languages has become one of the important goals of the modern high school. The relevance of the paper is connected with the modern necessity to master university students’ skills to meet their communicative needs by means of a foreign language in order to compete in the global market. Our period of worldwide globalization has created the vital necessity in master course students who need to present profound skills and abilities in all foreign language activities, such as: listening, speaking, reading and writing. Modern higher education has to comply with new methods, approaches, assessment tools that cater to the English communicative goals of students. Taking into consideration the rate of modern foreign language learning actuality and necessity, we have conducted a scientific research which comprised three parts that dwelled on fulfilling the main purposes as well as the tasks of the survey: the first part dealt with the description of the term “communicative competence” and its components; the second part of the paper was dedicated to figuring out peculiarities of the foreign communicative competence; then the third part of the paper was grounded on the description of the most common set of activities that can be implemented in the contemporary educational process in the framework of higher education. Thus, the research findings have been claimed that the biggest advantages of the communicative foreign language teaching methodology are connected with: its appropriateness in finding the teaching materials as well as providing master course students with active language-based activities according to various forms of tasks given by a university teacher.