Contemporary Approaches Research Articles

Emotion Regulation, Relationship and Therapeutic Change in Analytical Psychology and Contemporary Psychodynamic Approaches.

All contemporary psychotherapies agree that (failing) emotion regulation is central to psychological disorders and that psychotherapy is about improving emotion regulation. In his research on the "emotion-laden" complex Jung put an emphasis on the role of failing emotion regulation in contributing to psychological disorders as well as to change in the process of psychotherapy, but he left this field of research and took a very different direction in favour of his archetype concept. Psychodynamic approaches generally argue that changes in emotion regulation are accomplished through corrective emotional experiences in the therapeutic relationship. Insights from affective neurosciences and attachment research have had a major influence on how the therapeutic relationship is constructed in contemporary psychodynamic approaches. There is a lack of similar developments in analytical psychology, which leads to substantial differences between the models of Jungian psychotherapy in contrast to other contemporary psychodynamic approaches. The implications of these differences for the practice of psychotherapy and especially the role of the therapeutic relationship are pointed out.

Enhancing Students’ Performance in Integrated Project Course through Collaborative Learning and Open Artificial Intelligence Chatbot

Numerous students faced challenges related to specific concepts, deeming it essential to seek supplementary guidance for the successful completion of their mandatory final semester projects within the Integrated Project Course. This need arose early in the project development phase, and these individuals consistently encountered difficulties in bringing their projects to fruition. The challenges stemmed from the intricate nature of the course material and the inadequacy of suitable guidance. As a result, some students occasionally delivered incomplete and below-par project outcomes. Consequently, this research endeavors to enhance students' final semester project performance by employing collaborative learning methods and integrating an Open Artificial Intelligence Chatbot as interventions. The study was conducted during the session II 2022/2023 in the Department of Information and Communication Technology at Polytechnic Sultan Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah, involving 12 students enrolled in the Integrated Project Course and receive score mark below five during their Demonstration One presentation session. Data collection included rubric scores and reflective journals, which were analyzed based on rubric percentages before and after the intervention. The findings of the study indicated an improvement in rubric scores before and after the intervention, signifying an enhancement in students' project-related performance. Additionally, the reflective journal provided insights into the students' learning experiences with both interventions. This research contributes to educators' comprehension of effective methods for elevating students' performance in Integrated Project Course by leveraging contemporary technologies and approaches. Future research initiatives could further diversify teaching and learning methods in Integrated Project through the organization of workshops specifically addressing current technology and knowledge pertinent to the development of final semester projects.

Towards large-scale single-shot millimeter-wave imaging for low-cost security inspection

Millimeter-Wave (MMW) imaging is a promising technique for contactless security inspection. However, the high cost of requisite large-scale antenna arrays hinders its widespread application in high-throughput scenarios. Here, we report a large-scale single-shot MMW imaging framework, achieving low-cost high-fidelity security inspection. We first analyzed the statistical ranking of each array element through 1934 full-sampled MMW echoes. The highest-ranked elements are preferentially selected based on the ranking, building the experimentally optimal sparse sampling strategy that reduces antenna array cost by one order of magnitude. Additionally, we derived an untrained interpretable learning scheme, realizing robust and accurate MMW image reconstruction from sparsely sampled echoes. Last, we developed a neural network for automatic object detection, and experimentally demonstrated successful detection of concealed centimeter-sized targets using 10% sparse array, whereas all the other contemporary approaches failed at such a low sampling ratio. With the strong detection ability and order-of-magnitude cost reduction, we anticipate that this technique provides a practical way for large-scale single-shot MMW imaging.

Contemporary Educational Approaches to the Literacy and Development of the Dong Grand Songs

The Dong Grand Songs, renowned for their polyphonic choral arrangements, are a vital cultural heritage of the Dong ethnic group. This study investigates the contemporary educational approaches to the literacy and development of the Dong Grand Songs in Guangxi, China. Employing a qualitative design, the research includes fieldwork, in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. Key informants comprise school administrators, teachers, song teachers, cultural inheritors, students, and community members. The findings reveal that integrating Dong Grand Song courses into primary and secondary school curricula, with support from song teachers and cultural inheritors, effectively enhances musical literacy and preserves this tradition. However, challenges such as youth migration, modern entertainment influences, and the aging population of song masters threaten the continuity of this cultural heritage. The study suggests comprehensive approaches, including economic support for rural areas, increased public awareness, and sustainable cultural programs, are necessary to address these challenges. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and cultural practitioners on preserving intangible cultural heritage and promoting musical literacy through education.

Advancing the Diagnosis of Aero-Engine Bearing Faults with Rotational Spectrum and Scale-Aware Robust Network

The precise monitoring of bearings is crucial for the timely detection of issues in rotating mechanical systems. However, the high complexity of the structures makes the paths of vibration signal transmission exceedingly intricate, posing significant challenges in diagnosing aero-engine bearing faults. Therefore, a Rotational-Spectrum-informed Scale-aware Robustness (RSSR) neural network is proposed in this study to address intricate fault characteristics and significant noise interference. The RSSR algorithm amalgamates a scale-aware feature extraction block, a non-activation convolutional network, and an innovative channel attention block, striking a balance between simplicity and efficacy. We provide a comprehensive analysis by comparing traditional CNNs, transformers, and their respective variants. Our strategy not only elevates diagnostic precision but also judiciously moderates the network’s parameter count and computational intensity, mitigating the propensity for overfitting. To assess the efficacy of our proposed network, we performed rigorous testing using two complex, publicly available datasets, with additional artificial noise introductions to simulate challenging operational environments. On the noise-free dataset, our technique increased the accuracy by 5.11% on the aero-engine dataset compared with the current mainstream methods. Even under maximal noise conditions, it enhances the average accuracy by 4.49% compared with other contemporary approaches. The results demonstrate that our approach outperforms other techniques in terms of diagnostic performance and generalization ability.

All paths do not lead to Rome or adherence: Innovative antipsychotic prescribing in partnership with people in recovery as they define.

Though the psychiatric field has primarily focused on medication and symptom amelioration via medication "adherence," contemporary approaches that incorporate recovery-oriented care and shared decision-making (SDM) could provide a more holistic and effective approach to serving individuals experiencing psychosis. This article explores the implementation of such innovative and collaborative practices while highlighting their benefits and challenges. Furthermore, it aims to offer practical implementations of SDM in prescribing practices. This article presents innovative strategies for prescribing antipsychotics utilizing SDM and recovery-oriented care approaches for those who experience psychosis. The study explores the clinical applications of these approaches within an inpatient psychiatric setting. The article emphasizes the numerous challenges for those who experience psychosis in adhering to antipsychotic medication and proposes a recovery-oriented approach facilitated by SDM. It emphasizes the importance of therapeutic alliance and collaboration while providing practical clinical applications of this approach. The article advocates for collaborative approaches in antipsychotic prescribing, such as SDM and recovery-oriented care, to support those experiencing psychosis in constructing a life of meaning as they define it, including in how they choose to take medications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Glass in fine art: Contemporary approaches in the 21st century in the Portuguese panorama

Art glass is a pioneering form of art that is open to investigations and distinct applications. The technological developments in science combined with novel esthetic concepts allow new artistic interpretations of this material that can be transparent, translucid, crystal, and opaque. Glass is an art material prevalent in Portugal territory, which has been historically connected particularly with glassblowing and stained glass. Many Portuguese artists are now integrating glass into the conception of their art pieces. This article aims to present the panorama of Portuguese contemporary glass and the importance of education programs that have emerged in the past years contributing to the increase of artists working with glass as a fine art material. Research conducted in universities, as well as numerous synergistic projects, also represents key factors leading to the increased convergence between art, science, and the production of original materials. This paper also presents works from young-generation artists, projects, and events.

Understanding The Effectiveness Of Virtual Reality In Medical Training A Prospective Observation Study.

Background: The medical training procedures need fine skills and brings many practical experiences. They do not have highly engaging and interactive components that are seen in contemporary approaches. Virtual Reality (VR) gives a controlled environment whereby knowledge is comprehended and cemented more conveniently since the learner is afforded a physical environment in which he can practice and make mistakes without consequence. Objectives : This study aimed to understand the effectiveness of using VR training in relation to the improvement in the medical students’ knowledge, practical skills and confidence at BKMC,MMC. Study Design: A Prospective observation study Place and duration of study : 05-July 2022 to 05-Dec 2022 at Bacha Khan Medical College Mardan Methods : out of 100 medical students BKMC received the six-months training through VR from January to 05-July 2022 to 05-Dec 2022. The program comprises of such functional areas as anatomy/surgery and emergencies. The effectiveness of the training was assessed through a quantitative approach; this involved; a pre-training and post-training assessment exam, practical assessment, and group feedback questionnaires. Results : our study finding shows that 100 students whose mean age was 22. 5 years ± 2. 3 years. Knowledge retention was enhanced by 35 percent ( p < 0. 01 ). Another interesting observation was an overall positive reaction in terms of practical competencies enhancement: the difference amounted to 40%, significance level being equal to 0,01. Self-confidence increased and the number of students who claimed to be more ready for realistic situations, increased to 85%. The reaction to the feedback on training and particularly on VR training was positive as people noted that the training was fun and effective. Conclusion: Important conclusions that have been made in the study involve; VR training increases knowledge acquisition and retention, improves on practical aspects, and increases student’s confidence. One of the characteristics of using VR is that learning endeavours are enhanced because of the engagement of multiple senses. It is therefore possible to underline that integration of VR in medical curricula me an effective strategy in obtaining a more appropriate approach to educational process which prepares students for clinical practice. Keywords: Understanding ,Virtual Reality, Training and Simulation, Education

Leadership Development in Medicine: A Review.

The complex and unique challenges of healthcare requirephysicians who are competent leaders. Leadership is shaped by complex dynamic processes and various factors. Such factors include intrapersonal (leadership identity, cognitive abilities, and self-leadership) and interpersonal factors (vision and mission developmentand team building). The purpose of this paper is to review current thinking and advancements in leader and leader development by drawing on the administrative literature and discussing how it may apply to medicine, focusing on the contemporary approaches, challenges, and opportunities in this field. More specifically, this review analyses the intrapersonal and interpersonal development of medical leadership, beginning with a consideration of the current state of medical education and practice. It also covers the current challenges affecting medical leadership, as well as the implications for practice, policy, and research. In this paper, it was found that leader and leadership development are both essential for leader growth andto enhance leaders' competencies and effectiveness. The latter leads to improved organizational performance. The paper also highlights the importance of integrating various methods of teaching and learning to optimize leadership development programs.

BC-GAN: A threshold-free framework for unsupervised early fault detection in rotating machinery

Early fault detection (EFD) is a crucial component of proactive maintenance that can prevent expensive downtime, enhance safety, and optimize equipment performance and longevity. Existing limitations of the contemporary EFD approaches frequently include: (1) manually designed features relying on expert skills and knowledge, (2) the vaguely determined pre-set thresholds to distinguish between the faulty and healthy state of the testing object (however, the threshold value can vary notably from task to task), and (3) most methods, which have been originally designed for vibration data, cannot be generalised to other techniques, for example acoustic emission (AE) signals. To address these issues, a novel binary-classification generative adversarial network (BC-GAN) is designed for general EFD problems and applied to several specific datasets acquired from different run-to-failure tests of rotating components. Compared with conventional methods, unsupervised BC-GAN directly outputs the probability that an input belongs to either the “health” or “fault” state of the rotating machine without a priory threshold setting. Experimental results demonstrate the high versatility of the proposed network, which can be applied in various laboratory and industrial settings to both vibration and AE signals.

Towards Motion Metamers for Foveated Rendering

Foveated rendering takes advantage of the reduced spatial sensitivity in peripheral vision to greatly reduce rendering cost without noticeable spatial quality degradation. Due to its benefits, it has emerged as a key enabler for real-time high-quality virtual and augmented realities. Interestingly though, a large body of work advocates that a key role of peripheral vision may be motion detection, yet foveated rendering lowers the image quality in these regions, which may impact our ability to detect and quantify motion. The problem is critical for immersive simulations where the ability to detect and quantify movement drives actions and decisions. In this work, we diverge from the contemporary approach towards the goal of foveated graphics, and demonstrate that a loss of high-frequency spatial details in the periphery inhibits motion perception, leading to underestimating motion cues such as velocity. Furthermore, inspired by an interesting visual illusion, we design a perceptually motivated real-time technique that synthesizes controlled spatio-temporal motion energy to offset the loss in motion perception. Finally, we perform user experiments demonstrating our method's effectiveness in recovering motion cues without introducing objectionable quality degradation.

STUDY OF THE ANXIETY LEVEL OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS AND COMMUNICATIVE ASPECTS OF PSYCHOEDUCATION

Guranda Shamilishvili E-mail: guranda.shamilishvili@bsu.edu.ge Assistant Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3343-4166 Ketevan Doborjginidze E-mail: ketidobora@gmail.com Psychologist, Master in Clinical Psychology Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9353-4283 Abstract. Caring for children with developmental disorders is an important task in the field of psychology in the modern world. A number of studies have been carried out in this direction, various therapeutic interventions have been introduced to help improve the quality of life of children with developmental disorders. In Georgia, children under 7 years of age with developmental disorders have the opportunity to benefit from early intervention services. Such a service involves a process mediated by the parent/legal representative, and accordingly parents are the area of interest of specialists working in this field. Contemporary approaches to intervention for children with mental developmental disorders include parent-mediated interventions, which in turn include the need for parental psychoeducation. Research in modern Psychology shows that psychoeducation significantly reduces stress levels in parents. Psychoeducation of parents is mainly aimed at reducing the stress index and anxiety level in parents. Stress is the human body’s reaction to the extreme impact of any factors. Stress is an integral part of parenthood and it manifests itself already from pregnancy. The purpose of the present research was to study the level of anxiety of parents of children with developmental disorders. Objectives of the study: to find out if there is a difference between the level of anxiety of parents of children with typical development and the one of parents of children with developmental disorders; to define what issues concern parents of children with developmental disorders most. The hypothesis of the study have been as follows: parents of children with developmental disorders have higher levels of parental anxiety than parents of children with typical development. Based on the results of the studies, it can be said that parents who have children with developmental disorders face various difficulties more often than parents of children with typical development, and are at risk of decreased quality of life. Parents of children with developmental disorders express less satisfaction with life, health, family, and friends, in contrast to parents of children with typical development, and more often witness negative events than parents of children with typical development. It is relevant to study the level of anxiety of parents of children with developmental disorders, since the level of parental anxiety significantly affects the child’s psyche and his state. It is also worth noting that modern child rehabilitation/habilitation programs rely entirely on working with parents, so studying the level of anxiety of parents will be beneficial for both better adjustment of the service for the parents and the parents’ adaptation to reality. Keywords: development, disorders, children, intervention, mental, communication, stress, anxiety. Jel Classification: H51, A2

Mechanisms for analyzing Islamic educational discourse in light of heritage constants and development trends A comparative descriptive study of school discourse as a model

The cultural heritage of previous nations constitutes an important source of human knowledge, and its importance lies in the fact that it is also inspiring for any contemporary reading in many fields. The educational stock of the Islamic nation is part of this human heritage, and is no less important. It is distinguished by its bright heritage characteristics, which we can reformulate by following contemporary approaches and methods, which reveals to us appropriate conditions and data for talking about an Islamic educational discourse and considering it as one of the human educational discourses no less rich and diverse than it, and this is a prelude to a fair and equitable conscious reading of it at the level of perception and practice. And the efforts made and embodied in what the bright minds of a group of thinkers who paid attention to the importance of education. In addition to building schools, innovating educational methods in teaching learners, and the efforts of philanthropists and donors to sponsor the expenses for them and for their patrons, including student teachers, there is much evidence of this. The topic is an attempt to shed light on the forms of schools among Muslims, which contributed to highlighting trends within the educational discourse among Muslims, which today must be researched and discovered with contemporary visions and methods. This is of course based on the need of humanity in the twenty-first century for an integrated and comprehensive educational discourse that is based on human experience and responds. to the requirements of the times. Keywords: Discourse analysis, heritage constants, discourse development trends.

Efficiency evaluation of intellectual capital for value creation: a case study of the semiconductor industry in Taiwan

PurposeThis study constructs an efficiency evaluation framework for assessing the human, structural and relational capital in the semiconductor industry of Taiwan. Furthermore, we analyze whether there are significant differences in efficiency across different levels concerning the industry supply chain (upstream, midstream and downstream), employee service tenure, capital scale and company establishment years.Design/methodology/approachThis study focuses on Taiwanese semiconductor companies, utilizing data sourced from the Taiwan Economic Journal (TEJ) Database for the period spanning 2017 to 2021, encompassing a total of five years. Due to the nondisclosure of intangible asset values by all companies, an effort was made to ensure a comparable baseline by excluding companies with incomplete or missing data. Finally, empirical analysis was conducted on a sample of 64 companies using the dynamic network data envelopment analysis method.Findings(1) Overall efficiency demonstrates structural capital as the most prominent, followed by relational capital, while human capital shows relatively poorer efficiency. (2) To enhance the efficiency of intellectual capital, priority should be given to improving the efficiency of outputs related to intellectual property rights such as patents. (3) The midstream segment exhibits the best efficiency in both structural and relational capital. (4) Companies with longer employee service tenures exhibit superior efficiency in human capital in the long run. (5) Companies with extended establishment years and larger capital scales demonstrate superior efficiency in both human and structural capital.Originality/valueReflecting on past literature, scholars have primarily focused on the relationship between intellectual capital and firm efficiency, often emphasizing the overall efficiency of intellectual capital. However, within organizations, human capital, structural capital, and relational capital are interrelated. This study, for the first time, assesses the efficiency of these three components within an organization. The research addresses the challenges in analyzing the efficiency of intellectual capital and introduces a highly contemporary approach – dynamic network data envelopment analysis (DNDEA). Using the semiconductor industry in Taiwan as a case study, this paper conducts empirical analysis in a captivating and worthy industry. Therefore, the ideas presented in this paper are original.

Fournier's Gangrene Surgical Reconstruction: A Systematic Review.

Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a rare form of necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal, genital, or perianal region. It is characterized by an aggressive course and high mortality rate, over 20%. FG demands immediate treatment including resuscitation maneuvers, intravenous antibiotic therapy and early surgical debridement. Background/Objectives: The gold-standard treatment for FG is surgical reconstruction. However, up to date, no precise guidelines exist. Thus, we decided to systematically review the literature, focusing on FG contemporary approaches to reconstructive surgery, aiming to analyze the various reconstructive strategies and their specific indications. Methods: A systematic review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement by searching various databases from April 2014 to April 2024, using the terms ''Fournier Gangrene OR Fournier Gangrene Reconstruction OR Fournier Gangrene Treatment OR Fournier Gangrene Plastic Surgery OR Necrotizing Fasciitis OR Necrotizing Fasciitis AND Reconstruction". The eligibility criteria included original studies aimed at discussing FG reconstruction with at least three clinical cases. Results: The final synthesis included 38 articles, and 576 reconstructions were described. Of these, 77.6% were minimally invasive strategies (direct closure, secondary healing, grafts, and local random flaps), while more invasive reconstructions (loco-regional flaps based on known vascular anatomy) were adopted in 22.4%. No free flaps were reported. Conclusions: FG requires immediate medical interventions including broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, surgical debridement, adjuvant therapies, and reconstructive surgeries. Taking into account the anatomical characteristics of the inguinal-crural region, skin grafts and local random flaps could offer versatile and effective reconstructions for most FG cases, while the more invasive strategies should be reserved for very few cases. Future research is warranted to define an FG dedicated reconstruction protocol.

World Englishes and sociolinguistic variation

AbstractThis article discusses the connections between world Englishes and sociolinguistic variation. It begins with an overview of the field of sociolinguistic variation, and also highlighting contemporary approaches to world Englishes, with specific reference to the sociolinguistic realities (in the Kachruvian sense) of Outer Circle contexts. The article then proceeds to examine language variation studies with a focus on vernacular language practices and the growing use of corpus approaches. It then presents the contributions to this special issue on world Englishes and sociolinguistic variation, before considering possible future directions for research.

Is transparent approach suitable for museums?----Take Kroller Muller Museum as an example

This paper embarks on a detailed exploration of the integration of glass as a pivotal architectural element within museum structures, with a specific focus on the renowned Kroller Muller Museum as a prominent case study. The Kroller Muller Museum stands as a beacon of a transformative shift in museum architecture, boldly veering away from conventional reinforced concrete edifices to embrace a contemporary architectural approach predominantly anchored in glass. The deliberate use of glass in its design symbolizes an alignment with the tenets of modernity, reflecting the museums evolution in harmony with societal progress and contemporary architectural trends. In line with the philosophy of renowned architect Le Corbusier, who emphasized the necessity of architectural adaptation to cater to evolving societal needs, this study argues that maintaining synchrony with the contemporary era is vital not just for museums but also for the broader realm of architecture and urban planning. Drawing from these principles, this research critically scrutinizes whether the prevalent shift towards transparency, particularly in the form of glass integration, truly aligns with the specific and nuanced requirements of museums within their contextual milieu. By thoroughly analyzing this aspect, the research is to offer beneficial perspectives on the efficiency and suitability of incorporating glass elements in modern museum architecture.

Endosomal escape mechanisms of extracellular vesicle-based drug carriers: lessons for lipid nanoparticle design

The rise of biologics and RNA-based therapies challenges the limitations of traditional drug treatments. However, these potent new classes of therapeutics require effective delivery systems to reach their full potential. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a promising solution for RNA delivery, but endosomal entrapment remains a critical barrier. In contrast, natural extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess innate mechanisms to overcome endosomal degradation, demonstrating superior endosomal escape (EE) compared to conventional LNPs. This mini review explores the challenges of EE for lipid nanoparticle-based drug delivery, and offers insights into EV escape mechanisms to advance LNP design for RNA therapeutics. We compare the natural EE strategies of EVs with those used in LNPs and highlight contemporary LNP design approaches. By understanding the mechanisms of EE, we will be able to develop more effective drug delivery vehicles, enhancing the delivery and efficacy of RNA-based therapies.

Understanding and role of gut microbiota on drug response and toxicity

The gut microbiota affects human health profoundly, and evidence is mounting that it can cause, worsen, or resolve illnesses. Particularly in drug-induced toxicity, its role in diverse toxicological reactions has garnered attention recently. Drugs may interact directly or indirectly, through the gut flora, whether or not they are taken orally, changing the toxicity. Current research focuses mainly on the one-way effect of xenobiotics on the makeup and activities of gut microbes, which leads to altered homeostasis. However, there are two-way interactions between the gut microbiota and xenobiotics, and it is important to consider how the gut microbiota affects xenobiotics, particularly medications. Therefore, we emphasise the microbiome, microbial metabolites, and microbial enzymes in this review to emphasise how the gut microbiota affects medication toxicity. To aid in the identification of micro-biologic targets and processes linked to drug toxicity, we establish connections between medications, the microbiome, microbial enzymes or metabolites, drug metabolites, and host toxicological reactions. In addition, a summary and discussion of contemporary mainstream approaches to controlling medication toxicity by microbiota targeting are provided.

Fashion Curation in Latin America

This article argues that fashion curation in Latin America must be redesigned in order to disseminate the complex histories of fashion in the region, which are inherently tinted with forms of systemic oppression that stem from European invasions and colonialism. It begins with two recent case studies from Colombia before moving onto a brief overview of the development of fashion curation in Latin America, which highlights the dominance of Eurocentric views of fashion in exhibitions throughout the region. To move beyond these limited narratives, the article ends by offering some initial ideas to redirect future curatorial practices and strategies based on contemporary and critical approaches that engage with decolonial scholarship around fashion in Latin America.